TY - JOUR TI - White and Non-White North Carolina Farm Operators: A Comparison AU - Schulman, Michael D. T2 - Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences DA - 1990/1// PY - 1990/1// VL - 35 SP - 9-23 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perceived Stress, Social Support and Survival: North Carolina Farm Operators and the Farm Crisis AU - Schulman, Michael D. AU - Armstrong, Paula S. T2 - Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare DA - 1990/9// PY - 1990/9// VL - 17 SP - 3-22 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Targeting Farmers for Stress Reduction AU - Schulman, Michael D. AU - Armstrong, Paula S. T2 - Journal of Extension DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 10–13 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Socioeconomic and Demographic Differentiation Among Smallholders: Implications for Technology Development and Transfer AU - Schulman, Michael D. AU - Garrett, Patricia T2 - The World Food Crisis: Food Security in Comparative Perspective A2 - Bakker, Hans PY - 1990/// SP - 135–151 PB - Canadian Scholars Press SN - 9780921627456 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cluster analysis and typology construction; the case of small‐scale tobacco farmers: A research note AU - Schulman, Michael D. AU - Garrett, Patricia T2 - Sociological Spectrum AB - Many studies have sought to describe the complexity and diversity among small‐scale farms by means of typologies. Now appropriate methodological techniques must be identified or developed to complement theoretical concerns about heterogeneity among small‐scale farmers. Using data from a panel study on small‐scale tobacco producers from the Piedmont area of North Carolina, an empirically based typology is generated via cluster analysis. Senior agriculturalist, full‐time, and part‐time smallholders are the descriptive names given to the types identified. The value of cluster analysis for typology creation is demonstrated through an analysis of which farm operators left agriculture during the drought and low‐farm‐income crisis of 1981 to 1983. The results show that part‐time farmers are less likely than either senior agriculturist or full‐time farmers to continue as active farm operators. DA - 1990/7// PY - 1990/7// DO - 10.1080/02732173.1990.9981935 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 413-428 J2 - Sociological Spectrum LA - en OP - SN - 0273-2173 1521-0707 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02732173.1990.9981935 DB - Crossref ER - TY - BOOK TI - Ties that bind: Essays on mothering and patriarchy A3 - Pope, D. A3 - O?Barr, J. A3 - Wyer, M. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// PB - Chicago: University of Chicago Press SN - 9780226615462 ER - TY - BOOK TI - The ideology of mothering: Disruption and reproduction of patriarchy A3 - Pope, D. A3 - Quinn, N. A3 - Wyer, M. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// PB - Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ER - TY - BOOK TI - Black women in America: social science perspectives A3 - Malson, M. A3 - O?Barr, J. A3 - Mudimbe-Boyi, E. A3 - Wyer, M. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// PB - Chicago: University of Chicago Press SN - 9780226502960 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Financial Strain and Depression Among Farm Operators: The Role of Perceived Economic Hardship and Personal Control AU - Armstrong, Paula S. AU - Schulman, Michael D. T2 - Rural Sociology AB - Abstract The causal processes accounting for the relationship between farm financial strain and depression are not well understood. Using data from a statewide survey of North Carolina farm operators, we develop a covariance structure model that specifies relationships among farm financial strain, perceived economic hardship in the household, personal control, and depression. Analyses reveal that the relationship between farm financial strain and depression is mediated by perceptions of economic hardship and personal control. Results point to the importance of differential resilience to objective economic problems instead of differential exposure to these problems. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1111/j.1549-0831.1990.tb00693.x VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 475-493 SN - 0036-0112 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1990.tb00693.x ER - TY - JOUR TI - RURAL POVERTY AMONG RACIAL AND ETHNIC-MINORITIES AU - ALLEN, JE AU - THOMPSON, A T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AB - American Journal of Agricultural EconomicsVolume 72, Issue 5 p. 1161-1168 Invited Paper Session Rural Poverty among Racial and Ethnic Minorities Joyce E. Allen, Joyce E. Allen senior research associate at the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, North Carolina State UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorAlton Thompson, Alton Thompson assistant professor Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, North Carolina State UniversitySearch for more papers by this author Joyce E. Allen, Joyce E. Allen senior research associate at the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, North Carolina State UniversitySearch for more papers by this authorAlton Thompson, Alton Thompson assistant professor Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, North Carolina State UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 1990 https://doi.org/10.2307/1242526Citations: 9AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume72, Issue5December 1990Pages 1161-1168 RelatedInformation DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.2307/1242526 VL - 72 IS - 5 SP - 1161-1168 SN - 0002-9092 ER - TY - JOUR TI - SOMETHING THAT WORKS IN JUVENILE JUSTICE - AN EVALUATION OF THE NORTH-CAROLINA COURT COUNSELORS INTENSIVE PROTECTIVE SUPERVISION RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENTAL PROJECT, 1987-1989 AU - LAND, KC AU - MCCALL, PL AU - WILLIAMS, , JR T2 - EVALUATION REVIEW AB - Recently, the state of North Carolina has supported a randomized experimental project designed to provide intensive supervision services for undisciplined youths (status offenders or youths referred to the courts for runaway, truant, or ungovernable behaviors) placed under the protective supervision of the juvenile courts. As compared to regular procedures for juvenile court protective supervision of status offenders, the Intensive Protective Supervision Project (IPSP) involves more extensive and proactive contact between the court counselor, the status offender, and the status offender's family. The essential idea of the IPSP is that through the intensive supervision and provision of professional services to status offenders it may be possible to decrease the rate of occurrence of additional status offenses and the likelihood that the youths will commit more serious delinquent offenses. Results from a statistical and field-based evalu ation of the IPSP experiment suggest that the project is quite successful in achieving its goals for those undisciplined youths who have not previously been charged with delinquent offenses. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1177/0193841X9001400602 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 574-606 SN - 1552-3926 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cooling out men in singles bars and night clubs: Observations on the interpersonal survival strategies of women in public places AU - Snow, D. A. AU - Robinson, C. AU - McCall, P. L. T2 - Journal of Contemporary Ethnography DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 425-449 ER - TY - JOUR TI - STRUCTURAL COVARIATES OF HOMICIDE RATES - ARE THERE ANY INVARIANCES ACROSS TIME AND SOCIAL SPACE AU - LAND, KC AU - MCCALL, PL AU - COHEN, LE T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY AB - This study demonstrate that the empirical literature on the structural convariates of homicide rates contains inconsistent findings across different time periods and different geographical units. This apparent variance of findings may be due to statistical or methodological artifacts of particular studies, such as different time periods covered, units of analysis, samples, model specification, and problems of statistical analysis and inference. A baseline regression model using 11 structural covariates is estimated for cities, metropolitan areas, and states in 1960, 1970, and 1980. The empirical estimates of this model exhibit instability because of high levels of collinearity among several regressors. Principal components analysis is applied to simplify the dimensionally of the structural covariate space. Reestimation of the regression model then indicates that the apparent inconsistencies across time and social space are greatly reduced. The theoretical significance of the findings for substantive theories of violent crime are discussed. DA - 1990/1// PY - 1990/1// DO - 10.1086/229381 VL - 95 IS - 4 SP - 922-963 SN - 0002-9602 ER -