TY - SOUND TI - Joint Modeling of Survival Data and Repeatedly Measured Covariates: A Bayesian Perspective AU - Ghosh, S. DA - 1999/3/25/ PY - 1999/3/25/ ER - TY - SOUND TI - Bayesian Analysis of Zero-Inflated Regression Models AU - Ghosh, S. DA - 1999/4/1/ PY - 1999/4/1/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Model Choice: A Minimum Posterior Predictive Loss Approach AU - Ghosh, S. T2 - Joint colloquium of Clemson/University of Georgia C2 - 1999/4/8/ CY - Clemson, SC DA - 1999/4/8/ PY - 1999/4/8/ ER - TY - SOUND TI - Lecture series on Computational Bayesian Data Analysis AU - Ghosh, S. DA - 1999/7/1/ PY - 1999/7/1/ ER - TY - SOUND TI - Bayesian Analysis of Zero-Inflated Regression Models AU - Ghosh, S. DA - 1999/7/13/ PY - 1999/7/13/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Computational Bayesian methods for Directional Data AU - Ghosh, S. T2 - International Conference on Statistics, Combinatorics and Related Areas C2 - 1999/12/19/ CY - University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL DA - 1999/12/19/ PY - 1999/12/19/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Bayesian Analysis of Quality Adjusted Lifetime (QAL) Data AU - Mukhopadhyay, P. AU - Ghosh, S.K. T2 - American Statistical Association C2 - 1999/// DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - On Multivariate Monotonic Measures of Location with High Breakdown Point AU - Ghosh, S.K. AU - Sengupta, D. T2 - Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series A DA - 1999/10// PY - 1999/10// VL - 61 IS - 3 SP - 362–380 ER - TY - JOUR TI - On the Tenure of University Presidents AU - Padilla, A. AU - Ghosh, S.K. T2 - On The Horizon DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 7 SP - 5 ER - TY - CONF TI - A Minimum Posterior Predictive Loss Approach AU - Ghosh, S. T2 - Uncertainty '99 meeting C2 - 1999/1/4/ CY - Fort Lauderdale, FL DA - 1999/1/4/ PY - 1999/1/4/ ER - TY - CHAP TI - Invited discussion of “The Bayesian approach to population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling” by Wakefield, Aarons, and Racine-Poon AU - Davidian, M. T2 - Case Studies in Bayesian Statistics A2 - Gatsonis, C. A2 - Kass, R.E. A2 - Carlin, B. A2 - Carriquiry, A. A2 - Gelman, A. A2 - Verdinelli, I. A2 - West, M. PY - 1999/// VL - IV SP - 257–263 PB - Springer-Verlag ER - TY - CONF TI - Carbon storage variability in deciduous forests: effects of parent material and drainage classification AU - Davis, A.A. AU - Stolt, M.H. AU - Compton, J.E. C2 - 1999/// C3 - SSSA DA - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling and structural analysis of the bending rigidity of nonwoven fabrics AU - Park, T. Y. AU - Ghosh, T. K. T2 - Journal of the Korean Fiber Society DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - 455-462 ER - TY - CONF TI - Modeling of U.S. men's apparel consumption trends and its implication on cotton consumption AU - Suh, M. AU - Lee, E.K. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of optimal HVI quality index for prediction of yarn tensile strength AU - Suh, M. AU - Koo, H.J. AU - Watson, M.D. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tensile behaviors of slack fiber bundles - theory and application to HVI testing AU - Sasser, P.E. AU - Suh, M. T2 - Textile Research Journal DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 69 SP - 497-502 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Statistical methods for mapping quantitative trait loci in forest trees AU - Wu RongLing, AU - Liu HongXia, Han YiFan T2 - Scientia Silvae Sinicae DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 100 ER - TY - JOUR TI - On numbers of clones needed for managing risks in clonal forestry AU - Bishir, J. AU - Roberds, J. H. T2 - Forest Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 149 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Asymptotic normality of posterior distributions in high-dimensional linear models AU - Ghosal, S T2 - BERNOULLI AB - We study consistency and asymptotic normality of posterior distributions of the regression coefficient in a linear model when the dimension of the parameter grows with increasing sample size. Under certain growth restrictions on the dimension (depending on the design matrix), we show that the posterior distributions concentrate in neighbourhoods of the true parameter and can be approximated by an appropriate normal distribution. DA - 1999/4// PY - 1999/4// DO - 10.2307/3318438 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 315-331 SN - 1350-7265 KW - high dimension KW - linear model KW - normal approximation KW - posterior consistency KW - posterior distribution ER - TY - JOUR TI - Statistical gymnastics, revisited AU - Quesenberry, C. P. T2 - Quality Progress DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 89-93 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling of nonlinear hysteresis in elastomers under uniaxial tension AU - Banks, HT AU - Pinter, GA AU - Potter, LK AU - Gaitens, MJ AU - Yanyo, LC T2 - JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES AB - As a fundamental component of an overall program in modeling smart material damping devices, we consider inactive host material models for moderate to highly filled rubbers undergoing uniaxial tensile deformations. Beginning from a neo-Hookean strain energy function formulation for nonlinear extension, we develop general constitutive models for both quasi-static and dynamic deformations of a viscoelastic rod. The constitutive laws are nonlinear and contain hysteresis through a Boltzmann superposition integral term. The resulting integropartial differential equations models are shown to be equivalent to the usual Lagrangian dynamic distributed parameter models coupled with linear ordinary differential equations for internal variables (internal strains). Comprehensive well-posedness results (existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence) are summarized in a discussion of theoretical aspects of the systems. The models are validated with experiments designed and carried out explicitly for this study. In particular, quasi-static Instron experimental data are used in a least squares inverse problem formulation to estimate nonlinear elastic and nonlinear viscoelastic contributions to the general stress-strain constitutive laws proposed. It is shown that the models provide an excellent prediction of nested hysteresis loops manifested in the data. These models are then used as initial estimates in determining the nonlinear hysteretic constitutive laws for the dynamic experiments. It is shown that in cases of more highly filled rubbers, multiple internal variable models lead to best fits to the data. DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.1106/8M8M-F8DQ-GJ2V-PGK1 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 116-134 SN - 1045-389X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Use of combined frequencies for RFLP and PCR based loci in determining match probability AU - Tomsey, C. S. AU - Basten, C. J. AU - Budowle, B. AU - Giles, B. A. AU - Ermlick, S. AU - Gotwald, S. T2 - Journal of Forensic Sciences DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 44 IS - 2 SP - 385-388 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interpreting DNA mixtures in structured populations AU - Curran, J. M. AU - Triggs, C. M. AU - Buckleton, J. AU - Weir, B. S. T2 - Journal of Forensic Sciences DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 44 IS - 5 SP - 987-995 ER - TY - CONF TI - Global strategies for improving yarn and fabric qualities in the 21st century AU - Suh, M. W. C2 - 1999/// C3 - 79th World Conference of the Textile Institute CN - HD9850.5 .T38 1999 DA - 1999/// VL - 2 SP - 179-185 ER - TY - PCOMM TI - Commentary on Koons RD, Buscaglia J. The forensic significance of glass composition and refractive index measurements. J Forensic Sci 1999;44(3): 496-503. AU - Curran, J. M. AU - Buckleton, J. S. AU - Triggs, C. M. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// SP - 1324-1325 ER - TY - CONF TI - Use of HVI breaking elongation for maximization of yarn and fabric strengths AU - Suh, M. W. AU - Watson, M. D. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Proceedings of International Committee on Cotton Testing Methods, Bremen, Germany, March, 1999 DA - 1999/// SP - 215-216 M1 - 1999 March ER - TY - JOUR TI - Estimation of the effective permeability in magnetorheological fluids AU - Simon, TM AU - Ito, K AU - Banks, HT AU - Reitich, F AU - Jolly, MR T2 - JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES AB - Magnetorheological (MR) fluids constitute examples of controllable ("smart") fluids, whose Theological properties vary in response to an applied magnetic field. These fluids typically consist of micron-sized, magnetizable particles dispersed in a nonpermeable carrier fluid. The essential characteristic of MR fluids is that they may be continuously and reversibly varied from a state of free flowing liquids in the absence of an applied magnetic field to that of stiff semi-solids in a moderate field. Understanding the magnetic properties of MR fluids is crucial to the design of MR fluid-based devices and it also provides valuable insight into the character of the microstructure responsible for their field-dependent rheology. Prediction of the overall magnetic properties of MR composites is a challenging task, however, due to the highly nonlinear and strongly spatially variable nature of the magnetization of the constituents. In this paper we propose a model for this behavior that is based on the mathematical theory of homogenization. We derive effective equations that govern the magnetic response of (periodically arranged) particle-chains through magnetic saturation. Comparisons of numerical results for these equations with experimental data show good agreement which suggests that our approach could be useful in the design of improved MR fluids. DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1106/6KW6-7V12-NRQ3-BW6V VL - 10 IS - 11 SP - 872-879 SN - 1045-389X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Online measurement of fabric mechanical properties: Compressional behavior AU - Huang, W. S. AU - ghosh, T2 - IEEE ... Annual Textile, Fiber, and Film Industry Technical Conference AB - Compressional behavior of fabrics is important in most end uses. The traditional compression testers such as KESF (Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics) and FAST (Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing) systems are used to perform offline static measurements. The principle of online measurement of compressional behavior being developed is based on the analysis of fabric deformation while the fabric moves through a nip formed by a pair of rollers, one of which is controlled by a motor and is attached to a load cell. The specimen being tested is moved continuously through the measurement system, while it is deformed in compression at a constant rate in the nip area. The load-displacement relation of the fabric is then obtained as a function of time. Assuming a stepwise anisotropic behavior in the thickness direction, the fabric stress-strain relation in compression is obtained. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1109/texcon.1999.766185 IS - 1999 SP - 1–5 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cotton herb: a new decision making tool for weed management in cotton AU - Scott, G. H. AU - Wilcut, J. W. AU - Wilkerson, G. G. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 1 IS - 1999 SP - 752-753 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Two tests of association for a susceptibility locus for families of variable size: An example using two sampling strategies AU - Monks, S. A. AU - Martin, E. R. AU - Umbach, D. M. AU - Kaplan, N. L. T2 - Genetic Epidemiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 17 IS - Suppl.1 SP - S655-660 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Remarks on well-posedness theorems for damped second-order systems AU - Banks, HT T2 - APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS AB - We consider an operator theoretic formulation for distributed damped second-order (in time) forced linear elastic systems. A brief summary of previous well-posedness results is presented along with new results which allow relaxed spatial regularity (which is important in smart material systems applications) on the forcing or input function. Extensions to nonlinear systems are also indicated. The results are presented in a variational format for easy development of finite element approximation methods. DA - 1999/8// PY - 1999/8// DO - 10.1016/S0893-9659(99)00073-7 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - 21-24 SN - 0893-9659 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Regularity and approximation of systems arising in electromagnetic interrogation of dielectric materials AU - Banks, HT AU - Zou, J T2 - NUMERICAL FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION AB - In this paper we are concerned with a mathematical model which describes the electromagnetic interrogation of dielectric materials. We address the well-posedness of the system and regularity of solutions. Then we propose a semi-discrete finite element scheme for approximating the system and prove weak convergence under very mild regularity assumptions on the solutions of the original system. We also establish that the solution has higher regularity in time even though the input source may be a windowed signal of distributional type. This regularity is then utilized to show the strong convergence of the finite element solution. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1080/01630569908816914 VL - 20 IS - 7-8 SP - 609-627 SN - 0163-0563 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pacific Exploratory Mission-Tropics carbon monoxide measurements in historical context AU - Pougatchev, NS AU - Sachse, GW AU - Fuelberg, HE AU - Rinsland, CP AU - Chatfield, RB AU - Connors, VS AU - Jones, NB AU - Notholt, J AU - Novelli, PC AU - Reichle, HG T2 - JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES AB - The three‐dimensional (3‐D) distribution of carbon monoxide (CO) over the southern Pacific during the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment Pacific Exploratory Mission‐Tropics (PEM‐T) (August‐October 1996) has been analyzed in comparison to other CO measurements. The following data sets have been used in the study: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Monitoring and Diagnostic Laboratory surface level sampling; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization aircraft measurements over Cape Grim, Tasmania; solar spectroscopic measurements at Lauder, New Zealand; and data from two spaceborne Measurement of Air Pollution From Satellite experiments. For the PEM‐T mission back trajectories analysis and 3‐D modeling of the CO transport have been performed. It has been demonstrated that CO measurements obtained by different in situ and remote techniques can be used to build the picture of the CO climatology over the large geographical area. The structure of the CO distribution over the western part of the southern Pacific during the austral spring is mainly controlled by emission from biomass burning in Australia and Africa and subsequent long‐range transport. The prevailing westerly transport occurs in the middle and upper troposphere, whereas the marine boundary layer remains relatively clean and uniform. Barriers in the form of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and South Pacific Convergence Zone protect the equatorial area (equator to 10°S) from direct impact of biomass burning plumes from north and southwest. Consistency between the measurements taken in different years and modeling results indicates that the observed feature is a stable phenomenon. Outside the equatorial area the CO vertical distribution has a broad distinctive maximum at the altitude range 5–8 km and latitudes between 20°S and 30°S. This maximum is a stable feature, and its location indicates the area where the most intensive westerly transport occurs. DA - 1999/11/20/ PY - 1999/11/20/ DO - 10.1029/1999JD900465 VL - 104 IS - D21 SP - 26195-26207 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling of U.S. men's apparel consumption trends and its implication on textil mill cotton consumption AU - Suh, M. W. AU - Lee, E.-K. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 2 IS - 1999 SP - 339-343 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genetic matches and the logic of the law AU - Curran, JM AU - Robertson, B AU - Vignaux, GA T2 - GENETICA DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/A:1003720906943 VL - 105 IS - 2 SP - 211-213 SN - 0016-6707 KW - DNA KW - statistics KW - interpretation KW - evidence ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci underlying complex genotype-phenotype relationships in forest trees AU - Wu, R. AU - Han, Y. T2 - Silvae Genetica DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 48 IS - 3-4 SP - 133-146 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of optimal HVI strength index for prediction of yarn tensile strength AU - Suh, M. W. AU - Koo, H.-J. AU - Watson, M. D. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 1 IS - 1999 SP - 706-708 ER - TY - JOUR TI - COMDYN: Software to study the dynamics of animal communities using a capture-recapture approach AU - Hines, J. E. AU - Boulinier, T. AU - Nichols, J. D. AU - Sauer, J. R. AU - Pollock, K. H. T2 - Bird Study AB - COMDYN is a set of programs developed for estimation of parameters associated with community dynamics using count data from two locations or time periods. It is Internet-based, allowing remote users either to input their own data, or to use data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey for analysis. COMDYN allows probability of detection to vary among species and among locations and time periods. The basic estimator for species richness underlying all estimators is the jackknife estimator proposed by Burnham and Overton. Estimators are presented for quantities associated with temporal change in species richness, including rate of change in species richness over time, local extinction probability, local species turnover and number of local colonizing species. Estimators are also presented for quantities associated with spatial variation in species richness, including relative richness at two locations and proportion of species present in one location that are also present at a second location. Application of the estimators to species richness estimation has been previously described and justified. The potential applications of these programs are discussed. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1080/00063659909477247 VL - 46 IS - 1999 SP - 209-217 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A stochastic algorithm for high-dimensional integrals over unbounded regions with Gaussian weight AU - Genz, A AU - Monahan, J T2 - JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS AB - Details are given for a Fortran implementation of an algorithm that uses stochastic spherical–radial rules for the numerical computation of multiple integrals over unbounded regions with Gaussian weight. The implemented rules are suitable for high-dimensional problems. A high-dimensional example from a computational finance application is used to illustrate the use of the rules. DA - 1999/11/30/ PY - 1999/11/30/ DO - 10.1016/S0377-0427(99)00214-9 VL - 112 IS - 1-2 SP - 71-81 SN - 0377-0427 KW - high-dimensional integral KW - Monte Carlo KW - Gaussian weight ER - TY - JOUR TI - A multiplicative-epistatic model for analyzing interspecific differences in outcrossing species AU - Wu, R. L. AU - Li, B. L. T2 - Biometrics AB - Epistasis may play an important role in evolution and speciation. Under multiplicative interactions between different loci, an analytical model is proposed to estimate genetic parameters at the individual locus level that contribute to interspecific differences in outcrossing species. The multiplicative epistasis model, inferred from a number of animal and plant experiments, suggests that genotypes at a pair of loci have genotypic values equal to the product of genotypic values at the two different loci. By considering the genetic property of outcrossing species (i.e., high polymorphisms) in the multilevel family structure analysis for an intra- and interspecific factorial mating design, a method is developed to provide estimates for allele frequencies and additive and dominant effects at individual loci in each of the two parental populations, the genotypic values of newly formed heterozygotes through species combination each with one allele from a parental population and the second from the other parental population, and the numbers of genetic factors that lead to species differentiation. Use of clones offers a tremendous power to test the adequacy of the model. However, the utilization of the model with species that cannot be cloned is also discussed. An example with interspecific hybrids of two forest tree species is used to demonstrate the model. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1111/j.0006-341x.1999.00355.x VL - 55 IS - 2 SP - 355-365 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 5-AZA-2 '-deoxycytidine-induced dysmorphogenesis in the rat AU - Branch, S AU - Chernoff, N AU - Brownie, C AU - Francis, BM T2 - TERATOGENESIS CARCINOGENESIS AND MUTAGENESIS AB - 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (d-AZA) causes temporally related defects in the developing mouse. Treatment of 1.0 mg/kg on gestation day (GD) 8 results in axial skeletal defects; on GD9, cleft palate and vertebral defects; on GD10, hindlimb phocomelia; and on GD11, digital defects. An unusual aspect of d-AZA teratogenicity in mice is that the phocomelia appears to be specific to the hindlimb, and the forelimb is not similarly affected regardless of treatment day. The current study was initiated to evaluate the embryonic response of another species, the rat, to this unique teratogen. Pregnant Sprague Dawley (CD) rats were treated with d-AZA or vehicle control. The compound was administered i.p. on GD9, 10, 11, or 12 to parallel developmental staging of the mouse. The highest dose (1.0 mg/kg) elicited effects indicating increased sensitivity to the compound in the rat as compared to the mouse. GD9 treatment was characterized by massive resorptions; GD10, by a predominance of axial skeletal defects and cleft palate; GD11, by a predominance of forelimb phocomelia and missing ribs; and GD12 by hindlimb phocomelia and forelimb digit defects. These data indicate significant differences in the developmental responses to d-AZA of the mouse and the rat. This may reflect interspecies differences in the temporal expression of genes involved in morphogenesis and/or the methylation patterns of such genes. Molecular data generated in the mouse will be compared to that of the rat to further characterize the developmental dynamics responsible for the interspecies differences. Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. 19:329–338, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/(sici)1520-6866(1999)19:5<329::aid-tcm3>3.3.co;2-j VL - 19 IS - 5 SP - 329-338 SN - 0270-3211 KW - interspecies differences KW - teratogenicity KW - limb malformations KW - axial skeletal malformations KW - cytidine analog ER - TY - JOUR TI - Uterine and postnatal maternal effects in mice selected for differential rate of early development AU - Rhees, B. K. AU - Ernst, C. A. AU - Miao, C. H. AU - Atchley, W. R. T2 - Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 153 IS - 2 SP - 905-917 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Spaceborne observations of the global distribution of carbon monoxide in the middle troposphere during April and October 1994 AU - Connors, VS AU - Gormsen, BB AU - Nolf, S AU - Reichle, HG T2 - JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES AB - Spaceborne measurements of tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) were made by the Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) experiment during April 9–19, 1994, and September 30 to October 11, 1994, from the space shuttle Endeavour . During the April mission, MAPS operated for 211 hours, with 736,471 s of nadir‐viewing data, of which 161,619 s were cloud‐free. In the October mission, MAPS operated for 256 hours, with 821,502 s of nadir‐viewing data, of which 192,004 s were cloud‐free. During the two 10‐day Space Radar Laboratory flights, extensive and internally consistent correlative measurements and observations were made on the ground at nearly 30 sites between 70°N and 67°S, from five aircraft in three countries, and by the astronaut crews from the space shuttle. These ancillary measurements provided critical information on the nature of the atmospheric environment during the flights, the distribution of the CO mixing ratios in the boundary layer and in the middle troposphere, and the vertical distribution of CO at some locations. Although the airborne CO measurements are the key validation data sets for the MAPS measurements, the ground‐based CO measurements provide a near‐surface CO boundary condition for modeling applications and for CO emissions investigations. This paper will present the measurements of the April and October 1994 and the October 1984 MAPS CO data. These MAPS results compare well (±10%) with the intercalibrated airborne measurements from the NASA DC‐8 flights over North America, and CO profiles from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation aircraft near Cape Grim, Tasmania. Longitudinal and latitudinal transects of the MAPS CO measurements show significant seasonal variability consistent with the seasonal shifts in the locations and strengths of the CO sources. In April the highest average CO values (∼120 ppbv, averaged throughout the depth of the atmosphere) are found over the high northern latitudes, with decreasing amounts (∼45 to 60 ppbv) toward the southern middle and high latitudes. The CO distribution changed dramatically by October with the CO gradient being reversed from that measured during April. During October the highest CO values (greater than 135 ppbv) are concentrated in a tropical envelope extending over central South America, southern Africa, southern India, Indonesia, and northern Australia. Numerous and extensive fires in these areas were observed and photographed by the STS 68 astronaut flight crew. DA - 1999/9/20/ PY - 1999/9/20/ DO - 10.1029/1998JD100085 VL - 104 IS - D17 SP - 21455-21470 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Space shuttle based global CO measurements during April and October 1994, MAPS instrument, data reduction, and data validation AU - Reichle, HG AU - Anderson, BE AU - Connors, VS AU - Denkins, TC AU - Forbes, DA AU - Gormsen, BB AU - Langenfelds, RL AU - Neil, DO AU - Nolf, , SR AU - Novelli, PC AU - Pougatchev, NS AU - Roell, MM AU - Steele, LP T2 - JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES AB - The Measurement of Air Pollution From Satellites (MAPS) experiment flew as a payload aboard the space shuttle during April and October 1994. The instrument and the data reduction procedure were modified from earlier flights in 1981 and 1984. The modifications to both are described, and selected portions of the data are compared to concurrent aircraft borne direct measurements that had been carefully intercalibrated. In addition, the data acquired in 1984 were reprocessed using the new data reduction procedure, and the reprocessed data were compared to aircraft data acquired in 1984. The results of these comparisons indicate that the large bias error in the 1984 MAPS data has been reduced to about 10%. DA - 1999/9/20/ PY - 1999/9/20/ DO - 10.1029/97JD03299 VL - 104 IS - D17 SP - 21443-21454 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Simulations of particle dynamics in magnetorheological fluids AU - Ly, HV AU - Reitich, E AU - Jolly, MR AU - Banks, HT AU - Ito, K T2 - JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS AB - We present particle dynamics simulations for the response of magnetorheological (MR) fluids upon application of a magnetic field. The particles motion is considered to be governed by magnetic, hydrodynamic, and repulsive interactions. Fluid-particle interactions are accounted for via Stokes' drag while inter-particle repulsions are modeled through approximate hard-sphere rejections. In accordance with their greater significance, on the other hand (linear) magnetic interactions are fully simulated. The time evolution is considered to be magnetically quasi-static and magnetostatic forces are derived from the solution of (steady) Maxwell's equations, recomputed at each instant in time. For this we use a potential theoretic formulation where the boundary integral equations are solved with a fast multipole approach. We show that the resulting numerical codes can be effectively used to study a number of experimental observables such as effective magnetic permeabilities and response time-scales which are of crucial importance in the design of MR fluids. DA - 1999/10/10/ PY - 1999/10/10/ DO - 10.1006/jcph.1999.6335 VL - 155 IS - 1 SP - 160-177 SN - 1090-2716 KW - particle dynamics KW - fast multipole method KW - MR fluids KW - effective permeability KW - response time scale ER - TY - JOUR TI - Selective area metalorganic molecular-beam epitaxy of GaN and the growth of luminescent microcolumns on Si/SiO2 AU - Guha, S AU - Bojarczuk, NA AU - Johnson, MAL AU - Schetzina, JF T2 - APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS AB - We demonstrate the selective area growth of gallium nitride on patterned Si(111)/GaN/SiO2 wafers by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy using triethyl gallium as a Ga source. We show that such selective area deposition may be used to grow isolated microcolumns of GaN with lateral dimensions of tens of nanometers on Si/SiO2 wafers. Via high resolution cathodoluminescence imaging we show that such microcolumn structures are highly luminescent inspite of a large surface to volume ratio, indicating that nonradiative recombination at free surfaces is not a significant issue in this system. DA - 1999/7/26/ PY - 1999/7/26/ DO - 10.1063/1.124409 VL - 75 IS - 4 SP - 463-465 SN - 0003-6951 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Novel tests for marker-disease association using the collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism data AU - Nielsen, D. AU - Zaykin, D. T2 - Genetic Epidemiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 17 IS - Suppl.1 SP - S265-270 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Estimating the genetic architecture of quantitative traits AU - Zeng, ZB AU - Kao, CH AU - Basten, CJ T2 - GENETICAL RESEARCH AB - Understanding and estimating the structure and parameters associated with the genetic architecture of quantitative traits is a major research focus in quantitative genetics. With the availability of a well-saturated genetic map of molecular markers, it is possible to identify a major part of the structure of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits and to estimate the associated parameters. Multiple interval mapping, which was recently proposed for simultaneously mapping multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL), is well suited to the identification and estimation of the genetic architecture parameters, including the number, genomic positions, effects and interactions of significant QTL and their contribution to the genetic variance. With multiple traits and multiple environments involved in a QTL mapping experiment, pleiotropic effects and QTL by environment interactions can also be estimated. We review the method and discuss issues associated with multiple interval mapping, such as likelihood analysis, model selection, stopping rules and parameter estimation. The potential power and advantages of the method for mapping multiple QTL and estimating the genetic architecture are discussed. We also point out potential problems and difficulties in resolving the details of the genetic architecture as well as other areas that require further investigation. One application of the analysis is to improve genome-wide marker-assisted selection, particularly when the information about epistasis is used for selection with mating. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1017/S0016672399004255 VL - 74 IS - 3 SP - 279-289 SN - 0016-6723 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dermal absorption and distribution of topically dosed jet fuels jet-A, JP-8, and JP-8(100) AU - Riviere, JE AU - Brooks, JD AU - Monteiro-Riviere, NA AU - Budsaba, K AU - Smith, CE T2 - TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY AB - Dermal exposure to jet fuels has received increased attention with the recent release of newer fuels with novel performance additives. The purpose of these studies was to assess the percutaneous absorption and cutaneous disposition of topically applied (25 μl/5 cm2) neat Jet-A, JP-8, and JP-8(100) jet fuels by monitoring the absorptive flux of the marker components 14C naphthalene and 3H dodecane simultaneously applied nonoccluded to isolated perfused porcine skin flaps (IPPSF) (n = 4). Absorption of 14C hexadecane was estimated from JP-8 fuel. Absorption and disposition of naphthalene and dodecane were also monitored using a nonvolatile JP-8 fraction reflecting exposure to residual fuel that might occur 24 h after a jet fuel spill. In all studies, perfusate, stratum corneum, and skin concentrations were measured over 5 h. Naphthalene absorption had a clear peak absorptive flux at less than 1 h, while dodecane and hexadecane had prolonged, albeit significantly lower, absorption flux profiles. Within JP-8, the rank order of absorption for all marker components was (mean ± SEM % dose) naphthalene (1.17 ± 0.07) > dodecane (0.63 ± 0.04) > hexadecane (0.18 ± 0.08). In contrast, deposition within dosed skin showed the reverse pattern. Naphthalene absorption into perfusate was similar across all fuel types, however total penetration into and through skin was highest with JP-8(100). Dodecane absorption and total penetration was greatest from JP-8. Absorption of both markers from aged JP-8 was lower than other fuels, yet the ratio of skin deposition to absorption was greatest for this treatment group. In most exposure scenarios, absorption into perfusate did not directly correlate to residual skin concentrations. These studies demonstrated different absorption profiles for the three marker compounds, differential effects of jet fuel types on naphthalene and dodecane absorption, and uncoupling of perfusate absorption from skin disposition. DA - 1999/10/1/ PY - 1999/10/1/ DO - 10.1006/taap.1999.8744 VL - 160 IS - 1 SP - 60-75 SN - 0041-008X KW - jet fuel KW - naphthalene KW - dodecane KW - hexadecane KW - percutaneous/dermal absorption KW - skin ER - TY - JOUR TI - Complete genomic screen for disease susceptibility loci innuclear families AU - Anderson, J. L. AU - Hauser, E. R. AU - Martin, E. R. AU - Scott, W. K. AU - Ashley-Koch, A. AU - Kim, K. J. AU - Monks, S. A. AU - Haynes, C. S. AU - Speer, M. C. AU - Pericak-Vance, M. A. T2 - Genetic Epidemiology AB - We performed genome-wide model dependent and independent analyses on a simulated data set of 400 families segregating for a rare disorder. Regions on chromosomes 1, 3, and 5 were consistently indicated across the various analyses performed. Follow-up analyses included stratification for locus heterogeneity and clinical phenotype and studies of gene x gene and gene x environment interaction. The region around D1G024 was most notable, showing strong association and linkage with the trait. We also identified regions D3G043-46 and D5G037-39 by strong linkage and association findings and region D1G001-09 by linkage analysis. A complex statistical interaction was suggested between D1G024, D3G046 and environmental factor 1. This report suggests that traditional methods of analysis can be implemented to analyze and describe the mechanisms that may underlie the more complex genetic disorders. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/gepi.1370170776 VL - 17 IS - Suppl.1 SP - S473-478 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bayesian analysis of agricultural field experiments - Discussion T2 - Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Methodological DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 61 IS - 1999 SP - 717-7464 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Atmospheric processes influencing measured carbon monoxide in the NASA Measurement of Air Pollution From Satellites (MAPS) experiment AU - Newell, RE AU - Zhu, Y AU - Connors, VS AU - Reichle, HG AU - Novelli, PC AU - Gormsen, BB T2 - JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES AB - The Measurement of Air Pollution From Satellites (MAPS) experiment measured global distributions of carbon monoxide (CO) while on board the space shuttle during April 9–19 and September 30 to October 11, 1994. This paper examines selected examples of the meteorological processes that contributed to the observed signals. We first examine and relate the mean distribution of MAPS‐measured CO, surface station‐measured CO, streamlines, and divergent winds averaged over the two missions. Tropical high CO values were associated with boundary layer convergence regions, particularly in October, that enable CO associated with biomass burning to reach the free troposphere where it can be detected by the nadir viewing gas filter 4.7 μm radiometer. CO values over northern middle latitudes show evidence of fossil fuel pollution especially in April. Southern middle and high latitudes in April suggest photochemical control, while in October these regions are strongly influenced by the tropical biomass burning. Next, we consider events on 1 day near the center of each mission and show that in one of these cases, low CO measurements are associated with high potential vorticity, which suggests that the air samples originated from the stratosphere. Finally, we modify the two mean patterns, both within 23 days of the equinox, to illustrate the possible separation of the natural photochemical CO pattern from the CO pollution patterns. This procedure brings out the intercontinental and transcontinental transport of pollution in April northern hemisphere middle and high latitudes as well as, less markedly, in the October maps. It also accentuates the biomass burning contribution in October and shows pollution to extend southeastward from South America into the South Atlantic and also from Australia into the South Pacific. The separation is made possible by having CO measurements with global coverage. DA - 1999/9/20/ PY - 1999/9/20/ DO - 10.1029/1999JD900394 VL - 104 IS - D17 SP - 21487-21501 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An analysis of polygenes affecting wing shape on chromosome 3 in Drosophila melanogaster AU - Weber, K. AU - Eisman, R. AU - Morey, L. AU - Patty, A. AU - Sparks, J. AU - Tausek, M. AU - Zeng, Z. B. T2 - Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 153 IS - 2 SP - 773-786 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A classical setting for associations between markers and loci affecting quantitative traits AU - Nielsen, DM AU - Weir, BS T2 - GENETICAL RESEARCH AB - We examine the relationships between a genetic marker and a locus affecting a quantitative trait by decomposing the genetic effects of the marker locus into additive and dominance effects under a classical genetic model. We discuss the structure of the associations between the marker and the trait locus, paying attention to non-random union of gametes, multiple alleles at the marker and trait loci, and non-additivity of allelic effects at the trait locus. We consider that this greater-than-usual level of generality leads to additional insights, in a way reminiscent of Cockerham's decomposition of genetic variance into five terms: three terms in addition to the usual additive and dominance terms. Using our framework, we examine several common tests of association between a marker and a trait. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1017/S0016672399004231 VL - 74 IS - 3 SP - 271-277 SN - 0016-6723 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Use of simulation-extrapolation estimation in catch-effort analyses AU - Gould, WR AU - Stefanski, LA AU - Pollock, KH T2 - CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.1139/cjfas-56-7-1234 VL - 56 IS - 7 SP - 1234-1240 SN - 0706-652X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Unit root test: An unconditional maximum likelihood approach AU - Gonzalez-Farias, G. AU - Dickey, D. A. T2 - Boletin De La Sociedad Matematica Mexicana DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 199-221 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Quantitative evaluation of alternative mechanisms of blood and testes disposition of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in rats AU - Keys, DA AU - Wallace, DG AU - Kepler, TB AU - Conolly, RB T2 - TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES AB - Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a commercially important plasticizer, induces testicular toxicity in laboratory animals at high doses. After oral exposure, most of the DEHP is rapidly metabolized in the gut to mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), which is the active metabolite for induction of testicular toxicity. To quantify the testes dose of MEHP with various routes of exposure and dose levels, we developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for DEHP and MEHP in rats. Tissue:blood partition coefficients for DEHP were estimated from the n-octanol: water partition coefficient, while partition coefficients for MEHP were determined experimentally using a vial equilibration technique. All other parameters were either found in the literature or estimated from blood or tissue levels following oral or intravenous exposure to DEHP or MEHP. A flow-limited model failed to adequately simulate the available data. Alternative plausible mechanisms were explored, including diffusion-limited membrane transport, enterohepatic circulation, and MEHP ionization (pH-trapping model). In the pH-trapping model, only nonionized MEHP is free to become partitioned into the tissues, where it is equilibrated and trapped as ionized MEHP until it is deionized and released. All three alternative models significantly improved predictions of DEHP and MEHP blood concentrations over the flow-limited model predictions. The pH-trapping model gave the best predictions with the largest value of the log likelihood function. Predicted MEHP blood and testes concentrations were compared to measured concentrations in juvenile rats to validate the pH-trapping model. Thus, MEHP ionization may be an important mechanism of MEHP blood and testes disposition in rats. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1093/toxsci/49.2.172 VL - 49 IS - 2 SP - 172-185 SN - 1096-6080 KW - phthalates KW - DEHP KW - MEHP KW - PBPK KW - model KW - flow-limited KW - diffusion-limited KW - pH trapping KW - enterohepatic circulation KW - log-likelihood ratio test ER - TY - JOUR TI - Physical mapping of the autoimmune disease susceptibility locus, Bphs: co-localization with a cluster of genes from the TNF receptor superfamily on mouse Chromosome 6 AU - Meeker, ND AU - Stafford, AN AU - Lunceford, JK AU - Avner, P AU - Ma, RZ AU - Teuscher, G T2 - MAMMALIAN GENOME DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.1007/s003359901104 VL - 10 IS - 9 SP - 858-863 SN - 0938-8990 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mapping quantitative trait loci by genotyping haploid tissues AU - Wu, R. L. T2 - Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 152 IS - 4 SP - 1741-1752 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genetic plasticity of V genes under somatic hypermutation: Statistical analyses using a new resampling-based methodology AU - Oprea, M AU - Kepler, TB T2 - GENOME RESEARCH AB - Evidence for somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes has been observed in all of the species in which immunoglobulins have been found. Previous studies have suggested that codon usage in immunoglobulin variable (V) region genes is such that the sequence-specificity of somatic hypermutation results in greater mutability in complementarity-determining regions of the gene than in the framework regions. We have developed a new resampling-based methodology to explore genetic plasticity in individual V genes and in V gene families in a statistically meaningful way. We determine what factors contribute to this mutability difference and characterize the strength of selection for this effect. We find that although the codon usage in immunoglobulin V genes renders them distinct among translationally equivalent sequences with random codon usage, they are nevertheless not optimal in this regard. We find that the mutability patterns in a number of species are similar to those we find for human sequences. Interestingly, sheep sequences show extremely strong mutability differences, consistent with the role of somatic hypermutation in the diversification of primary antibody repertoire in these animals. Human TCR V(beta) sequences resemble immunoglobulin in mutability pattern, suggesting one of several alternatives, that hypermutation is functionally operating in TCR, that it was once operating in TCR or in the common precursor of TCR and immunoglobulin, or that the hypermutation mechanism has evolved to exploit the codon usage in immunoglobulin (and fortuitously, TCR) rather than vice-versa. Our findings provide support to the hypothesis that somatic hypermutation appeared very early in the phylogeny of immune systems, that it is, to a large extent, shared between species, and that it makes an essential contribution to the generation of the antibody repertoire. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1101/gr.9.12.1294 VL - 9 IS - 12 SP - 1294-1304 SN - 1088-9051 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development and evaluation of a biaxial tensile tester for fabrics AU - ghosh, T2 - Journal of Testing and Evaluation AB - At the Nonwovens Cooperative Research Center (NCRC), North Carolina State University, a prototype instrument has been designed to measure fabric behavior under biaxial force. The system is equipped with a segmented and self-adjusting clamping system designed to apply uniform finite strain in the sample without undesirable boundary effects. The control system is designed to allow tests to be performed under a constant force-ratio or a constant extension-ratio condition. The designs of the clamping and control systems of the instrument have been evaluated by testing a number of spunbonded nonwoven fabrics. The results show a significant influence of biaxial deformation on the force-extension characteristics of fabrics. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1520/jte12225j VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 282–289 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Combining line transect and capture-recapture for mark-resighting studies AU - Alpizar-Jara, R. AU - Pollock, K. H. T2 - Marine mammal survey and assessment methods: Proceedings of the Symposium on Surveys, Status & Trends of Marine Mammal Populations: Seattle, Washington, USA, 25-27 February 1998 CN - QL713.2 .S85 1999 PY - 1999/// SP - 99-114 PB - Rotterdam; Brookfield, VT: Balkema ER - TY - JOUR TI - Analysis of overdispersed count data from single-factor experiments: a comparative study AU - Young, LJ AU - Campbell, NL AU - Capuano, GA T2 - JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.2307/1400385 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 258-275 SN - 1085-7117 KW - general linear model KW - generalized linear model KW - negative binomial distribution ER - TY - JOUR TI - A physiological model for tert-amyl methyl ether and tert-amyl alcohol: Hypothesis testing of model structures AU - Collins, AS AU - Sumner, SCJ AU - Borghoff, SJ AU - Medinsky, MA T2 - TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES AB - The oxygenate tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) is a gasoline fuel additive used to reduce carbon monoxide in automobile emissions. To evaluate the relative health risk of TAME as a gasoline additive, information is needed on its pharmacokinetics and toxicity. The objective of this study was to use a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to describe the disposition of TAME and its major metabolite, tert-amyl alcohol (TAA), in male Fischer-344 rats. The model compartments for TAME and TAA were flow-limited. The TAME physiological model had 6 compartments: lung, liver, rapidly perfused tissues, slowly perfused tissues, fat, and kidney. The TAA model had 3 compartments: lung, liver, and total-body water. The 2 models were linked through metabolism of TAME to TAA in the liver. Model simulations were compared with data on blood concentrations of TAME and TAA taken from male Fischer-344 rats during and after a 6-hour inhalation exposure to 2500, 500, or 100 ppm TAME. The PBPK model predicted TAME pharmacokinetics when 2 saturable pathways for TAME oxidation were included. The TAA model, which included pathways for oxidation and glucuronide conjugation of TAA, underpredicted the experimental data collected at later times postexposure. To account for biological processes occurring during this time, three hypotheses were developed: nonspecific binding of TAA, diffusion-limited transport of TAA, and enterohepatic circulation of TAA glucuronide. These hypotheses were tested using three different model structures. Visual inspection and statistical evaluation involving maximum likelihood techniques indicated that the model incorporating nonspecific binding of TAA provided the best fit to the data. A correct model structure, based upon experimental data, statistical analyses, and biological interpretation, will allow a more accurate extrapolation to humans and, consequently, a greater understanding of human risk from exposure to TAME. DA - 1999/5// PY - 1999/5// DO - 10.1093/toxsci/49.1.15 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 15-28 SN - 1096-6080 KW - physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model KW - tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) KW - tert-amyl alcohol (TAA) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Understanding the genetic architecture of a quantitative trait in gymnosperms by genotyping haploid megagametophytes AU - Wu, RL AU - DM O'Malley, AU - McKeand, SE T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS DA - 1999/10// PY - 1999/10// DO - 10.1007/s001220051411 VL - 99 IS - 6 SP - 1031-1038 SN - 0040-5752 KW - average effect KW - candidate gene KW - genetic architecture KW - gymnosperm KW - megagametophyte ER - TY - JOUR TI - Rational synthesis of trans-substituted porphyrin building blocks containing one sulfur or oxygen atom in place of nitrogen at a designated site AU - Cho, WS AU - Kim, HJ AU - Littler, BJ AU - Miller, MA AU - Lee, CH AU - Lindsey, JS T2 - JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AB - The use of heteroatom-substituted porphyrins in bioorganic and materials chemistry requires the ability to position a variety of substituents in a controlled manner about the porphyrin periphery. We describe a rational route to trans-AB2C-type porphyrins bearing one oxygen atom (N3O) or one sulfur atom (N3S) in a designated location in the porphyrin core. The synthesis involved four stages: (1) Acid-catalyzed condensation of a furyl- or thienylcarbinol in excess pyrrole afforded the aryl-substituted furyl- or thienylpyrromethane in high yield. (2) Treatment of the furyl- or thienylpyrromethane with an acid chloride catalyzed by SnCl4 or AlCl3 afforded the corresponding diketo product. (3) Reduction with NaBH4 in alcoholic solvents gave the furyl- or thienylpyrromethanediols. (4) Reaction of a furylpyrromethanediol, thienylpyrromethanediol, or dipyrromethanediol with a dipyrromethane in a one-flask process of condensation followed by oxidation gave the corresponding porphyrin. Reaction conditions previously identified to minimize scrambling in a dipyrromethane−aldehyde condensation were found to be effective in this application. Thus, reaction with 10 mM reactants in acetonitrile at 0 °C containing BF3·Et2O and NH4Cl followed by oxidation with DDQ resulted in the desired porphyrin (10−20% yields) without acidolysis. In this manner, N3O-, N3S-, or N4-porphyrins bearing 5-(p-iodophenyl), 15-[4-(2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)phenyl], and 10,20-di-p-tolyl groups have been made. This set of trans-substituted porphyrin building blocks is expected to be useful in the synthesis of biomimetic energy transduction systems. DA - 1999/10/15/ PY - 1999/10/15/ DO - 10.1021/jo9909305 VL - 64 IS - 21 SP - 7890-7901 SN - 0022-3263 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Positional dependence, cliques, and predictive motifs in the bHLH protein domain AU - Atchley, WR AU - Terhalle, W AU - Dress, A T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION DA - 1999/5// PY - 1999/5// DO - 10.1007/PL00006494 VL - 48 IS - 5 SP - 501-516 SN - 0022-2844 KW - basic helix-loop-helix proteins KW - bHLH KW - information theory KW - Boltzmann entropy KW - predictive motifs KW - positional dependence KW - cliques ER - TY - JOUR TI - Performance of sampling plans to determine aflatoxin in farmers' stock peanut lots by measuring aflatoxin in high-risk- grade components AU - Whitaker, T. B. AU - Hagler, W. M. AU - Giesbrecht, F. G. T2 - Journal of AOAC International DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 82 IS - 2 SP - 264-270 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nucleotide pool imbalance and adenosine deaminase deficiency induce alterations of N-region insertions during V(D)J recombination AU - Gangi-Peterson, L AU - Sorscher, DH AU - Reynolds, JW AU - Kepler, TB AU - Mitchell, BS T2 - JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION AB - Template-independent nucleotide additions (N regions) generated at sites of V(D)J recombination by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) increase the diversity of antigen receptors. Two inborn errors of purine metabolism, deficiencies of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), result in defective lymphoid development and aberrant pools of 2'-deoxynucleotides that are substrates for TdT in lymphoid precursors. We have asked whether selective increases in dATP or dGTP pools result in altered N regions in an extrachromosomal substrate transfected into T-cell or pre-B-cell lines. Exposure of the transfected cells to 2'-deoxyadenosine and an ADA inhibitor increased the dATP pool and resulted in a marked increase in A-T insertions at recombination junctions, with an overall decreased frequency of V(D)J recombination. Sequence analysis of VH-DH-JH junctions from the IgM locus in B-cell lines from ADA-deficient patients demonstrated an increase in A-T insertions equivalent to that found in the transfected cells. In contrast, elevation of dGTP pools, as would occur in PNP deficiency, did not alter the already rich G-C content of N regions. We conclude that the frequency of V(D)J recombination and the composition of N-insertions are influenced by increases in dATP levels, potentially leading to alterations in antigen receptors and aberrant lymphoid development. Alterations in N-region insertions may contribute to the B-cell dysfunction associated with ADA deficiency. DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.1172/JCI4320 VL - 103 IS - 6 SP - 833-841 SN - 0021-9738 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular and genetic analysis of transgenic rice plants expressing the maize ribosome-inactivating protein b-32 gene and the herbicide resistance bar gene AU - Kim, JK AU - Duan, XL AU - Wu, R AU - Seok, SJ AU - Boston, RS AU - Jang, IC AU - Eun, MY AU - Nahm, BH T2 - MOLECULAR BREEDING DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/A:1009692230725 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 85-94 SN - 1380-3743 KW - transgenic rice KW - bar KW - b-32 KW - proteolytic processing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Why do populations cycle? A synthesis of statistical and mechanistic modeling approaches AU - Kendall, B. E. AU - Briggs, C. J. AU - Murdoch, W. W. AU - Turchin, P. AU - Ellner, S. P. AU - McCauley, E. AU - Nisbet, R. M. AU - Wood, S. N. T2 - Ecology (Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.) DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 80 IS - 6 SP - 1789-1805 ER - TY - JOUR TI - On-line measurement of fabric bending behavior Part III: Dynamic considerations and experimental implementation AU - Zhou, N. Y. AU - ghosh, T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - A nonlinear, dynamic fabric bending model is introduced to study the dynamic effects on loop formation and measured characteristic parameters. In order to verify the theoretical results and test the measurement principle, an experimental system based on the principles of loops 3 and 4 is developed. The influence of fabric linear speed and movement direction on the measured values is discussed. Discrepancies between theoretical and experimental observations indicate that a full understanding of the ef fects of the fabric bending rate on bending properties is necessary to accurately model bending behavior when a high bending rate is involved. The work demonstrates a strong correlation between the on-line and off-line measured results. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1177/004051759906900304 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 176–184 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular breeding for grain yield in barley: an evaluation of QTL effects in a spring barley cross AU - Zhu, H AU - Briceno, G AU - Dovel, R AU - Hayes, PM AU - Liu, BH AU - Liu, CT AU - Ullrich, SE T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS DA - 1999/4// PY - 1999/4// DO - 10.1007/s001220051134 VL - 98 IS - 5 SP - 772-779 SN - 1432-2242 KW - barley KW - yield KW - marker-assisted selection KW - QTL KW - QTL x E ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling restricted bivariate censored lowflow data AU - Lu, JC AU - Liu, SP AU - Yin, M AU - Hughes-Oliver, JM T2 - ENVIRONMETRICS AB - Environmental studies often result in censored data. In this article, the lowflow quantiles Q*7,2 and Q*7,10 below a limit are treated as censored data. These streamflow quantiles are important for water resources planning and management. Our partial all-subsets censored regression procedure identifies a few important explanatory variables, such as drainage area, basin slope, soil-infiltration index, rainfall index, and some combinations of them. The proposed maximum likelihood estimation method incorporates the restriction Q*7,2≥Q*7,10 and the bivariate probability distribution of the quantiles to improve model quality. Analyses of the lowflow quantiles obtained from streams in West-Central Florida show that our procedure is more appropriate than the commonly used univariate main-effects models in predicting quantiles. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1099-095X(199903/04)10:2<125::AID-ENV340>3.3.CO;2-P VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 125-136 SN - 1180-4009 KW - censored regression KW - model selection KW - maximum likelihood estimation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of daily carbon dioxide exposure duration and root environment on soybean response to elevated carbon dioxide AU - Heagle, AS AU - Booker, FL AU - Miller, JE AU - Pursley, WA AU - Stefanski, LA T2 - JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AB - Abstract Little is known about effects of daily CO 2 enrichment duration and root environment on plant response to elevated CO 2 . Two experiments were performed with Essex soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) in open‐top field chambers to address these questions. In one experiment, effects of 12 and 24 h d −1 exposures to double‐ambient CO 2 were compared for plants grown in 14 L pots that were either insulated to moderate soil temperature or not insulated. Although never significant statistically, trends at some growth stages suggested that nighttime CO 2 enrichment contributed to growth and yield. Plants grew and yielded more in insulated than noninsulated pots, but there were no significant CO 2 enrichment × insulation interactions. In the second experiment, response to approximately 1.3, 1.6, and 1.9 times ambient CO 2 was compared for plants grown in the ground or 14 L pots. Enhancement of photosynthesis, growth, and yield by CO 2 enrichment was similar in pots and in the ground. Linear responses to different CO 2 concentrations were significant for all yield components in both root environments, whereas quadratic responses were significant for plants in pots but not for plants in the ground. Tests of proportionality of response for yield components showed no evidence of significant differences between plants in pots and in the ground except weight per 100 seeds. Seed yield enhancement at 1.9 times ambient CO 2 was 36% for plants in pots and 33% for plants in the ground. Overall, proportional response of soybean to CO 2 enrichment was relatively uniform in spite of large differences in baseline growth and yield. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800020034x VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 666-675 SN - 0047-2425 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of bromoxynil on annual grass control by graminicides AU - Culpepper, A. S. AU - York, A. C. AU - Brownie, C. T2 - Weed Science DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 47 IS - 1 SP - 123-128 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inference in generalized additive mixed models by using smoothing splines AU - Lin, X. H. AU - Zhang, D. W. T2 - Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Methodological DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 61 IS - 1999 SP - 381-400 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Experimental evaluation of the potential of tropical germplasm for temperate maize improvement AU - Tallury, SP AU - Goodman, MM T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS DA - 1999/1// PY - 1999/1// DO - 10.1007/s001220051039 VL - 98 IS - 1 SP - 54-61 SN - 0040-5752 KW - Zea mays L. KW - genetic diversity KW - tropical germplasm KW - temperate inbreds KW - combining ability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Empirical distribution for linear system identification AU - Yin, G AU - Fitzpatrick, BG AU - Yin, K T2 - STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS AB - Asymptotic properties of empirical distributions of approximate errors for least squares identification are developed in this work. As a preparation, it is first shown that a law of large numbers type of result holds for the empirical distribution. Then a scaled sequence is proved to converge to a Gaussian process with a Brownian bridge component. These results are useful for carrying out statistical inference tasks, goodness of fit tests, and related matters DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.1080/07362999908809601 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 295-313 SN - 0736-2994 KW - least squares identification KW - approximate error KW - empirical distribution ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of fall hunting on wild turkey populations in Virginia and West Virginia AU - Pack, JC AU - Norman, GW AU - Taylor, CI AU - Steffen, DE AU - Swanson, DA AU - Pollock, KH AU - Alpizar-Jara, R T2 - JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AB - The effect of fall either-sex hunting on eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) populations is a common concern of wildlife agencies. We examined the effect of fall either-sex hunting on survival of radiotagged female wild turkeys from 1989 to 1994 in Virginia and West Virginia. We tested the hypothesis that survival of female wild turkeys did not differ among areas closed to fall hunting, open to a 4-week fall season, or open to an. 8- or 9-week fall hunting season. Mean annual survival rates were higher in the area closed to fall hunting than in regions where fall hunting occurred (P = 0.05). Mean annual survival rates varied within years (P ≤ 0.05). Differences in annual survival rate among areas were attributed to legal hunting (P ≤ 0.01). Poaching was a major mortality factor. Juvenile, yearling, and adult hens had similar survival rates in the areas closed to fall hunting and with 4 weeks of fall hunting (P = 0.39), but survival rates of juveniles were lower (P = 0.03) than those of yearling and adult females in the area with an 8-9-week fall hunting season. Harvest rates of female turkeys averaged 4.3% in the 4-week fall hunted area and 12.3% on the 8-9-week fall hunted area. Higher harvests were achieved on the study area opened only to spring hunting than the combined fall-spring harvests on the other study areas. Total harvest was negatively associated with survival (r s =- 0.90, P = 0.04) on the 8-9-week fall hunted area and positively associated with survival (r s = 0.90, P = 0.04) in the area closed to fall hunting. Spring gobbler-only hunting is suggested for maximum growth in a wild turkey population. Guidelines are presented for fall harvest programs. DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.2307/3802811 VL - 63 IS - 3 SP - 964-975 SN - 1937-2817 KW - harvest KW - hunting KW - Meleagris gallopavo silvestris KW - mortality KW - populations KW - radiotelemety KW - survival KW - Virginia KW - West Virginia KW - wild turkey ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of selection for development rate on reproductive onset in female mice AU - Ernst, CA AU - Crenshaw, PD AU - Atchley, WR T2 - GENETICAL RESEARCH AB - This research reports analyses of correlated response in reproductive onset in ICR mice after 23 generations of restricted index selection for divergent body weight gain, early (birth–10 days) or later (28–56 days) in life. Long-term selection altered growth trajectories and 56 day body weight of individuals under different selection regimes in this study. Mice in lines under early selection have the same percentage mature weight at vaginal opening as controls (63%). Vaginal opening is delayed in mice selected for slow early growth, which take longer to reach what appears to be a weight threshold. In contrast, individuals in lines selected for later slow growth undergo vaginal opening at the same age as controls, but at a lower weight and increased percentage mature weight. Pre-compensation or ‘counter-balance growth’ is observed in these lines, with mice selected for late enhanced growth reaching 52% of mature weight at vaginal opening while mice with late slow growth attain 71% of mature weight prior to vaginal opening. Only 42% of mice with late slow growth attain first oestrus by 56 days. We speculate this is a function of growth rate and fat/lean ratio. Mice with early slow growth show compensatory growth, reaching first oestrus at a similar time to controls. We conclude that selection for growth rate has asymmetrically affected reproductive onset, with lines selected for suppressed gains experiencing delays in the reproductive onset traits measured. DA - 1999/8// PY - 1999/8// DO - 10.1017/S001667239900381X VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 55-64 SN - 0016-6723 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bayesian statistics in genetics - a guide for the uninitiated AU - Shoemaker, JS AU - Painter, IS AU - Weir, BS T2 - TRENDS IN GENETICS AB - Statistical analyses are used in many fields of genetic research. Most geneticists are taught classical statistics, which includes hypothesis testing, estimation and the construction of confidence intervals; this framework has proved more than satisfactory in many ways. What does a Bayesian framework have to offer geneticists? Its utility lies in offering a more direct approach to some questions and the incorporation of prior information. It can also provide a more straightforward interpretation of results. The utility of a Bayesian perspective, especially for complex problems, is becoming increasingly clear to the statistics community; geneticists are also finding this framework useful and are increasingly utilizing the power of this approach. DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.1016/S0168-9525(99)01751-5 VL - 15 IS - 9 SP - 354-358 SN - 0168-9525 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A candidate recombination modifier gene for Zea mays L. AU - Ji, Y. F. AU - Stelly, D. M. AU - De Donato, M. AU - Goodman, M. M. AU - Williams, C. G. T2 - Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 151 IS - 2 SP - 821-830 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The roles of fluctuating selection and long-term diapause in microevolution of diapause timing in a freshwater copepod AU - Ellner, SP AU - Hairston, NG AU - Kearns, CM AU - Babai, D T2 - EVOLUTION DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.2307/2640924 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 111-122 SN - 1558-5646 KW - copepod KW - diapause KW - fluctuating selection KW - microevolution KW - migration KW - overlapping generations KW - selection response ER - TY - JOUR TI - SiOx gas barrier coatings on polymer substrates: Morphology and gas transport considerations AU - Erlat, AG AU - Spontak, RJ AU - Clarke, RP AU - Robinson, TC AU - Haaland, PD AU - Tropsha, Y AU - Harvey, NG AU - Vogler, EA T2 - JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B AB - Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of SiOx thin coatings on polymer surfaces yields tough hybrid materials with the gas barrier properties and transparency of glass. Combination of these properties makes these materials ideally suited for food packaging and biomedical device applications. In this study, we employ a Non-Parametric Response Surface Methods optimization to identify the Magnetron-PECVD conditions responsible for superlative SiOx barrier coatings on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Oxygen and water vapor permeances of optimized PET/SiOx composites produced by hexamethyldisiloxane and trimethylsilane have been measured as functions of temperature and are found to exhibit Arrhenius behavior. The thermal activation energy for water vapor permeation, unlike that for oxygen permeation, depends on barrier performance and increases by as much as 20 kJ/mol with an increase in barrier efficacy. Examination of these materials by phase-imaging atomic force microscopy and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy reveals a correlation between SiOx morphology (including defects) and barrier performance. Morphological and permeation results are compared to identify some of the physical factors governing water vapor permeation through SiOx-modified polymers. DA - 1999/7/22/ PY - 1999/7/22/ DO - 10.1021/jp990737e VL - 103 IS - 29 SP - 6047-6055 SN - 1089-5647 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pointwise convergence of approximation schemes for parameter estimation in parabolic equations AU - Banks, HT AU - Zia, LL T2 - APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS AB - A finite element-based approximation scheme is presented for parameter estimation problems for parabolic PDEs on a two-dimensional domain. Pointwise convergence results relating the approximating subspaces to the full infinite-dimensional state space are discussed. DA - 1999/10// PY - 1999/10// DO - 10.1016/S0893-9659(99)00097-X VL - 12 IS - 7 SP - 27-30 SN - 0893-9659 KW - finite elements KW - bicubic splines KW - 2-D domain KW - transport models KW - parameter estimation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multiple interval mapping for quantitative trait loci AU - Kao, C. H. AU - Zeng, Z. B. AU - Teasdale, R. D. T2 - Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 152 IS - 3 SP - 1203-1216 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Localization of the locus causing Spider Lamb Syndrome to the distal end of ovine Chromosome 6 AU - Cockett, NE AU - Shay, TL AU - Beever, JE AU - Nielsen, D AU - Albretsen, J AU - Georges, M AU - Peterson, K AU - Stephens, A AU - Vernon, W AU - Timofeevskaia, O AU - South, S AU - Mork, J AU - Maciulis, A AU - Bunch, TD T2 - MAMMALIAN GENOME DA - 1999/1// PY - 1999/1// DO - 10.1007/s003359900938 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 35-38 SN - 0938-8990 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolution of bHLH transcription factors: Modular evolution by domain shuffling? AU - Morgenstern, B AU - Atchley, WR T2 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION AB - Multidomain proteins usually contain several conserved and apparently independently evolved domains. As a result, classifications based on only a single small domain may obscure the true evolutionary relationships of the proteins. The current classification of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain-containing proteins is based on the conserved bHLH domain alone. Herein, we explore whether sequence homology and, therefore, evolutionary relationships can be detected among the flanking or non-bHLH components of the amino acid sequences of 122 bHLH proteins. These 122 proteins were the same proteins previously used to construct the existing classification of the bHLH-domain-containing proteins. Several possible scenarios are examined in order to explain the observed patterns of sequence divergence, including (1) monophyly, (2) convergent evolution, (3) addition of functional components to the bHLH domain, and (4) modular evolution with domain shuffling. Drawing on several lines of evidence, we suggest that modular evolution by domain shuffling may have played an important role in the evolution of this large group of transcriptional regulators. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026079 VL - 16 IS - 12 SP - 1654-1663 SN - 1537-1719 KW - modular evolution KW - molecular evolution KW - basic helix-loop-helix domain KW - transcription factors KW - sequence alignment KW - phylogeny ER - TY - JOUR TI - Efficient estimation of the distribution of quality-adjusted survival time AU - Zhao, HW AU - Tsiatis, AA T2 - BIOMETRICS AB - Quality of life is an important aspect in evaluation of clinical trials of chronic diseases, such as cancer and AIDS. Quality-adjusted survival analysis is a method that combines both the quantity and quality of a patient's life into one single measure. In this paper, we discuss the efficiency of weighted estimators for the distribution of quality-adjusted survival time. Using the general representation theorem for missing data processes, we are able to derive an estimator that is more efficient than the one proposed in Zhao and Tsiatis (1997, Biometrika 84, 339-348). Simulation experiments are conducted to assess the small sample properties of this estimator and to compare it with the semiparametric efficiency bound. The value of this estimator is demonstrated from an application of the method to a data set obtained from a breast cancer clinical trial. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1111/j.0006-341X.1999.01101.x VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 1101-1107 SN - 0006-341X KW - counting process KW - Martingale process KW - quality of life KW - semiparametric efficiency KW - survival analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of violation of assumptions for survival analysis methods in radiotelemetry studies AU - Tsai, K. AU - Pollock, K. H. AU - Brownie, C. T2 - Journal of Wildlife Management DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 1369-1375 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Approximation results for parameter estimation in a class of abstract nonlinear hyperbolic systems AU - Banks, HT AU - Pinter, GA T2 - APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS AB - In this paper, we present an approximation framework and theoretical convergence results for a class of parameter estimation problems for general abstract nonlinear hyperbolic systems. These systems include as a special case those modeling a large class of nonlinear elastomers. DA - 1999/8// PY - 1999/8// DO - 10.1016/S0893-9659(99)00091-9 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - 129-133 SN - 0893-9659 KW - nonlinear hyperbolic systems KW - parameter estimation KW - approximation ER - TY - JOUR TI - The mass of CO in the atmosphere during October 1984, April 1994, and October 1994 AU - Reichle, HG AU - Connors, VS T2 - JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES AB - The latitudinal distribution and the total mass of CO in the atmosphere are calculated for October 1984, April 1994, and October 1994 based upon measurements made by the MAPS experiment aboard the space shuttle. It is shown that the amount of CO in October 1994 was greater than in October 1984 and that this increase was dominated by increases in the tropical regions, particularly in the region north and northwest of Australia. DA - 1999/1/15/ PY - 1999/1/15/ DO - 10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<0307:TMOCIT>2.0.CO;2 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 307-310 SN - 0022-4928 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tensile behavior of slack fiber bundles - Theory and application to HVI testing AU - Cui, X. L. AU - Suh, M. W. AU - Sasser, P. E. T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - A statistical model for the tensile behavior of a bundle of slack fibers is developed in terms of its constituent single fiber properties. A large amount of data on single fiber tensile properties is obtained by a Mantis® tester. Application of this theory to HVI tensile test results shows much better agreement than other models developed earlier for bundles of straight, equal length fibers. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1177/004051759906900706 VL - 69 IS - 7 SP - 497-502 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Optimal design of a high pressure organometallic chemical vapor deposition reactor AU - Bachmann, KJ AU - Banks, HT AU - Hopfner, C AU - Kepler, GM AU - LeSure, S AU - McCall, SD AU - Scroggs, JS T2 - MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING AB - A team composed of material scientists, physicists, and applied mathematicians have used computer simulations as a fundamental design tool in developing a new prototype High Pressure Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition (HPOMCVD) reactor for use in thin film crystal growth. Early design of the HPOMCVD reactor dramatically evolved long before any physical reactor was built. This effort offers a strong endorsement of such multidisciplinary, computationally based modeling teams in the design of new products in areas of emerging technologies where heretofore extensive and costly experimental design was the central paradigm. DA - 1999/4// PY - 1999/4// DO - 10.1016/S0895-7177(99)00071-0 VL - 29 IS - 8 SP - 65-80 SN - 0895-7177 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maximizing yarn and fabric strength through variance of HVI elongation AU - Koo, HJ AU - Suh, MW T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - As a new method for maximizing yarn and fabric strengths, an exploratory blending experiment is completed in a 4-week period by processing 2117 bales of three different cottons in a textile mill to produce 94.4 tex (6.3/1 Ne) open-end spun yarns, and weaving them into a denim fabric. Bale selection is done in such a way that the variance of single fiber breaking elongations can be minimized within a laydown of 29 bales as well as among the fibers to be found within an arbitrary cross section of the yam produced from the laydown. The study shows that the variance of the HVI breaking elongations obtained from the cotton bales is useful for maximizing the resulting yarn strengths, especially when they are combined with the Mantis® single fiber test results. In addition, a follow-up study analyzes the HVI data and matching physical test data obtained from a 2-year production period. In all, 121,200 bales (4180 laydowns) are tested for HVI bundle strength, elongation, micronaire, length, and other properties. As in the exploratory study, the cotton bales are processed into 94.4 tex open-end spun yams and an identical denim fabric. The final analysis shows that the between-bale variance of HVI bundle breaking elongations within a laydown is quite useful as a criterion for bale selection and yarn and fabric strength maximization. An enhanced method is also developed to make use of the HVI elongation data together with the Mantis single fiber tensile test results. The new procedure is even more effective at maximizing yarn and fabric strengths. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1177/004051759906900609 VL - 69 IS - 6 SP - 447-456 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity is inversely correlated with HIV type 1 viral load in HIV type 1-infected long-term survivors AU - Betts, MR AU - Krowka, JF AU - Kepler, TB AU - Davidian, M AU - Christopherson, C AU - Kwok, S AU - Louie, L AU - Eron, J AU - Sheppard, H AU - Frelinger, JA T2 - AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES AB - HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity has been suggested to correlate with protection from progression to AIDS. We have examined the relationship between HIV-specific CTL activity and maintenance of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte counts and control of viral load in 17 long-term survivors (LTSs) of HIV-1 infection. Longitudinal analysis indicated that the LTS cohort demonstrated a decreased rate of CD4+ T cell loss (18 cells/mm3/year) compared with typical normal progressors (approximately 60 cells/mm3/year). The majority of the LTSs had detectable, variable, and in some individuals, quite high (>10(4) RNA copies/ml) plasma viral load during the study period. In a cross-sectional analysis, HIV-specific CTL activity to HIV Gag, Pol, and Env proteins was detectable in all 17 LTSs. Simultaneous analysis of HIV-1 Gag-Pol, and Env-specific CTLs and virus load in protease inhibitor-naive individuals showed a significant inverse correlation between Pol-specific CTL activity and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (p = 0.001). Furthermore, using a mixed linear effects model the combined effects of HIV-1 Pol- and Env-specific CTL activity on the viral load were significantly stronger than the effects of HIV-1 Pol-specific CTL activity alone on predicted virus load. These data suggest that the presence of HIV-1-specific CTL activity in HIV-1-infected long-term survivors is an important component in the effective control of HIV-1 replication. DA - 1999/9/1/ PY - 1999/9/1/ DO - 10.1089/088922299310313 VL - 15 IS - 13 SP - 1219-1228 SN - 1931-8405 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhancing information acquisition for over-the-counter medications by making better use of container surface space AU - Wogalter, MS AU - Magurno, AB AU - Dietrich, DA AU - Scott, KL T2 - EXPERIMENTAL AGING RESEARCH AB - Most over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceutical container labels are printed in very small type. Consequently, people with visual impairments (e.g., presbyopia in older adults) have difficult reading the material. Some OTC drugs are packaged in containers with easy-open caps. This design increases the surface area that could be used to enhance the labeling. In Experiment 1, older adults (M = 75.1 years, SD = 8.1) evaluated six container label variants for an actual OTC product. Besides having a multipanel main label, four containers had labels attached to the cap that displayed the most important information in large print but differed in color. Two control containers lacked a cap label; one had only a four-panel main label, and the other had only the front label. Participants ranked the containers on six dimensions (e.g., label noticeability, willingness to read). Results showed greater preference for containers with the cap labels. Experiment 2 again examined preferences but also measured information-acquisition performance after participants (M = 79 years, SD = 5.8) were briefly exposed to a realistic-appearing, but fictitious, OTC medication. Results showed greater knowledge and preference for containers with the cap labels. Experiment 2 showed that one of the cap colors (yellow) that was different from the main label was preferred over the white and orange (the same colors as on the main label), but color distinctiveness as an explanation was not fully supported because the green cap was not significantly different from the other cap labels. Implications for communicating information about OTC drugs using expanded labels are discussed. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1080/036107399244129 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 27-48 SN - 0361-073X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Construction of an AFLP genetic map with nearly complete genome coverage in Pinus taeda AU - Remington, DL AU - Whetten, RW AU - Liu, BH AU - DM O'Malley, T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS AB - De novo construction of complete genetic linkage maps requires large mapping populations, large numbers of genetic markers, and efficient algorithms for ordering markers and evaluating order confidence. We constructed a complete genetic map of an individual loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers segregating in haploid megagametophytes and PGRI mapping software. We generated 521 polymorphic fragments from 21 AFLP primer pairs. A total of 508 fragments mapped to 12 linkage groups, which is equal to the Pinus haploid chromosome number. Bootstrap locus order matrices and recombination matrices generated by PGRI were used to select 184 framework markers that could be ordered confidently. Order support was also evaluated using log likelihood criteria in MAPMAKER. Optimal marker orders from PGRI and MAPMAKER were identical, but the implied reliability of orders differed greatly. The framework map provides nearly complete coverage of the genome, estimated at approximately 1700 cM in length using a modified estimator. This map should provide a useful framework for merging existing loblolly pine maps and adding multiallelic markers as they become available. Map coverage with dominant markers in both linkage phases will make the map useful for subsequent quantitative trait locus mapping in families derived by self-pollination. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1007/s001220051194 VL - 98 IS - 8 SP - 1279-1292 SN - 0040-5752 KW - Pinus taeda KW - linkage map KW - AFLP KW - locus ordering KW - genome length estimation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Robustness of group testing in the estimation of proportions AU - Hung, M AU - Swallow, WH T2 - BIOMETRICS AB - In binomial group testing, unlike one-at-a-time testing, the test unit consists of a group of individuals, and each group is declared to be defective or nondefective. A defective group is one that is presumed to include one or more defective (e.g., infected, positive) individuals and a nondefective group to contain only nondefective individuals. The usual binomial model considers the individuals being grouped as independent and identically distributed Bernoulli random variables. Under the binomial model and presuming that groups are tested and classified without error, it has been shown that, when the proportion of defective individuals is low, group testing is often preferable to individual testing for identifying infected individuals and for estimating proportions of defectives. We discuss the robustness of group testing for estimating proportions when the underlying assumptions of (i) no testing errors and (ii) independent individuals are violated. To evaluate the effect of these model violations, two dilution-effect models and a serial correlation model are considered. Group testing proved to be quite robust to serial correlation. In the presence of a dilution effect, smaller group sizes should be used, but most of the benefits of group testing can still be realized. DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.1111/j.0006-341X.1999.00231.x VL - 55 IS - 1 SP - 231-237 SN - 1541-0420 KW - AIDS/HIV-1 testing KW - binary data KW - dilution effects KW - group testing KW - proportion KW - serial correlation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ethylene and carbon dioxide production in detached fruit of selected pepper cultivars AU - Villavicencio, L. AU - Blankenship, S. M. AU - Sanders, D. C. AU - Swallow, W. H. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 124 IS - 4 SP - 402-406 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Predictive tests for structural change with unknown breakpoint (vol 82, pg 209, 1997) AU - Ghysels, E. AU - Guay, A. AU - Hall, A. T2 - Journal of Econometrics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 90 IS - 2 SP - 337-343 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Spread of resistance in spatially extended regions of transgenic cotton: Implications for management of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) AU - Peck, S. L. AU - Gould, F. AU - Ellner, S. P. T2 - Journal of Economic Entomology AB - Through the use of a stochastic, spatially explicit, simulation model, we explored factors that may influence the regional development of resistance in Heliothis virescens (F.) to a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) δ-endotoxin in transgenic cotton. The model represents the age structure of adults and larvae, plant to plant movement of larvae within a field, migration of adults among fields, plant type-genotype specific selection, and development time. We find that the spatial scale and the temporal pattern of refuges can have a strong effect on the development of resistance to B. thuringiensis in transgenic cotton. The time to resistance was in general significantly longer in regions where the same fields were used as a refuge year after year, compared with regions where the refuge fields are changed randomly from year to year. Spring movement of emerging adults onto wild hosts delays resistance if the movement is far enough from the field in which pupae overwintered. Increases in the summer migration rate and the distance moved delayed resistance development up to a point at which higher rates do not further delay resistance. Refuges were an effective strategy for delaying resistance. We found that delays in larval development time on Bt cotton may either increase or decrease the rate of resistance development, depending on complex interactions with the length of the growing season. Larval movement between Bt and non-Bt plants was found to increase the rate at which resistance developed, but this may be ameliorated with increasing mortality costs associated with larval movement. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1093/jee/92.1.1 VL - 92 IS - 1 SP - 1-16 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multivariate zero-inflated Poisson models and their applications AU - Li, CS AU - Lu, JC AU - Park, JH T2 - TECHNOMETRICS AB - The zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution has been shown to be useful for modeling outcomes of manufacturing processes producing numerous defect-free products. When there are several types of defects, the multivariate ZIP (MZIP) model can be useful to detect specific process equipment problems and to reduce multiple types of defects simultaneously. This article proposes types of MZIP models and investigates distributional properties of an MZIP model. Finite-sample simulation studies show that, compared to the method of moments, the maximum likelihood method has smaller bias and variance, as well as more accurate coverage probability in estimating model parameters and zero-defect probability. Real-life examples from a major electronic equipment manufacturer illustrate how the proposed procedures are useful in a manufacturing environment for equipment-fault detection and for covariate effect studies. DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.2307/1270992 VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 29-38 SN - 0040-1706 KW - maximum likelihood KW - mixture distribution KW - multivariate bernoulli KW - multivariate Poisson KW - quality control KW - zero-defect probability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Clearcuts, salamanders, and field studies AU - Ash, AN AU - Pollock, KH T2 - CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AB - Conservation BiologyVolume 13, Issue 1 p. 206-208 Clearcuts, Salamanders, and Field Studies Andrew N. Ash, Andrew N. Ash Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Pembroke, P.O. Box 1510, Pembroke, NC 28372–1520, U.S.A., email AASH@nat.uncp.eduSearch for more papers by this authorKenneth H. Pollock, Kenneth H. Pollock Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Box 8203, Raleigh, NC 27695–8203, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author Andrew N. Ash, Andrew N. Ash Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Pembroke, P.O. Box 1510, Pembroke, NC 28372–1520, U.S.A., email AASH@nat.uncp.eduSearch for more papers by this authorKenneth H. Pollock, Kenneth H. Pollock Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Box 8203, Raleigh, NC 27695–8203, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author First published: 24 December 2001 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98257.xCitations: 7AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume13, Issue1February 1999Pages 206-208 RelatedInformation DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98257.x VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 206-208 SN - 1523-1739 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Parametric covariance models for shock-induced stochastic processes AU - Hughes-Oliver, JM AU - Gonzalez-Farias, G T2 - JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE AB - A common assumption in modeling stochastic processes is that of weak stationarity. Although this is a convenient and sometimes justifiable assumption for many applications, there are other applications for which it is clearly inappropriate. One such application occurs when the process is driven by action at a limited number of sites, or point sources. Interest may lie not only in predicting the process, but also in assessing the effect of the point sources. In this article we present a general parametric approach of accounting for the effect of point sources in the covariance model of a stochastic process, and we discuss properties of a particular family from this general class. A simulation study demonstrates the performance of parameter estimation using this model, and the predictive ability of this model is shown to be better than some commonly used modeling approaches. Application to a dataset of electromagnetism measurements in a field containing a metal pole shows the advantages of our parametric nonstationary covariance models. DA - 1999/2/15/ PY - 1999/2/15/ DO - 10.1016/S0378-3758(98)00186-4 VL - 77 IS - 1 SP - 51-72 SN - 0378-3758 KW - point source KW - covariance nonstability KW - mean squared prediction error ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhanced evolvability in immunoglobulin V genes under somatic hypermutation AU - Cowell, LG AU - Kim, HJ AU - Humaljoki, T AU - Berek, C AU - Kepler, TB T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.1007/PL00006530 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 23-26 SN - 0022-2844 KW - genome evolution KW - adaptability KW - somatic hypermutation KW - affinity maturation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Structural stability testing in models estimated by generalized method of moments AU - Hall, AR T2 - JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & ECONOMIC STATISTICS DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.2307/1392291 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 335-348 SN - 0735-0015 KW - conditional capital asset pricing model KW - functional misspecification KW - identifying and overidentifying restrictions KW - parameter variation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Stepwise confidence intervals without multiplicity adjustment for dose-response and toxicity studies AU - Hsu, J. C. AU - Berger, R. L. T2 - Journal of the American Statistical Association DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 94 IS - 446 SP - 468-482 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sensory attribute variation in low-temperature-stored roasted peanut paste AU - Pattee, HE AU - Giesbrecht, FG AU - Isleib, TG T2 - JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY AB - Length of sample storage can become significant in sensory studies due to panel fatigue limitations and samples needed for a reasonable expectation of finding significant differences. In roasted peanut sensory studies samples are stored between -10 and -23 degrees C to prevent or retard changes. Studies of up to 13 months' duration have examined stability and slow-rate sensory changes. Sweet taste was relatively stable, whereas bitter and tongue burn attributes increased slightly. Stale taste increased, suggesting lipid oxidation was taking place even at -23 degrees C. Painty attribute did not increase until stale was >3. An increase in fruity attribute was unexpected. With increases in fruity and stale attributes a decrease in roasted peanut was expected. However, storage at -23 degrees C seems to stabilize the roasted peanut lability when compared to storage at -10 degrees C. Fruity and stale interactions with roasted peanut and lability of roasted peanut were shown to be three separate and identifiable effects on roasted peanut. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1021/jf981063s VL - 47 IS - 6 SP - 2415-2420 SN - 1520-5118 KW - flavor intensity KW - flavor-fade KW - sensory interactions KW - stability KW - staling ER - TY - JOUR TI - Well-posedness for a class of abstract nonlinear parabolic systems with time delay AU - Banks, HT AU - Musante, CJ T2 - NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.1016/S0362-546X(98)00053-4 VL - 35 IS - 5 SP - 629-648 SN - 0362-546X KW - nonlinear parabolic distributed parameter systems with delays KW - existence KW - uniqueness KW - variational form KW - toxicokinetic modeling KW - liver transport models ER - TY - JOUR TI - Catch and bycatch: The qualitative effects of fisheries on population vital rates of Atlantic croaker AU - Diamond, SL AU - Crowder, LB AU - Cowell, LG T2 - TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY AB - Bycatch in shrimp trawl fisheries can make up 60–80% of the catch by weight. Finfish taken incidentally in shrimp trawls include juveniles of species that are valuable in directed fisheries as adults. Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus is commonly caught as bycatch in shrimp trawls and has also been a target species in both the Gulf of Mexico (the Gulf) and the South and Middle Atlantic bights (the Atlantic). The catch of Atlantic croaker, including bycatch, has historically been at least three times higher in the Gulf than in the Atlantic. Gulf fisheries, including the directed industrial fishery, have primarily harvested juvenile fish. In contrast, the most intensive fisheries in the Atlantic have targeted adult fish. We hypothesized that population-level effects of exploitation differ qualitatively between fisheries that take primarily juveniles and fisheries that target adults, even in the face of bycatch of juveniles. We compiled data on Atlantic croaker fisheries, life history parameters, and population abundance in the Gulf and the Atlantic and followed changes in these variables over time. In the Gulf, long-term intensive fishing of Atlantic croaker juveniles has caused severe declines in abundance since the 1930s but little change in adult life history parameters: Large fish remain common, the size distribution has been relatively stable, and the size at maturity has not changed. In the Atlantic, however, targeted fishing of adults has caused both declines in abundance and major changes in adult life history parameters: Size at maturity, common sizes (the range in length of about 90% of the individuals in a length frequency distribution), maximum length, and modal lengths of adult fish have been reduced. Bycatch of juveniles may have contributed to the changes in Atlantic adult life history parameters by reducing the number of fish that survive to adulthood, making the population more sensitive to adult fishing. We explore several hypotheses to explain why juvenile fisheries (Gulf) would have smaller effects on life history than targeted adult fisheries (Atlantic). If our observations are correct, reductions in bycatch legislated by the U.S. Magnuson–Stevens Act should allow Atlantic croaker to increase in abundance in the Gulf (but have little effect on size distributions) and to increase both in abundance and in adult size in the Atlantic. DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<1085:CABTQE>2.0.CO;2 VL - 128 IS - 6 SP - 1085-1105 SN - 1548-8659 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The emperor's new tests - Comment AU - Berger, RL T2 - STATISTICAL SCIENCE DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1214/ss/1009212518 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 370-381 SN - 0883-4237 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Smoothing hazard functions for telemetry survival data in wildlife studies AU - Tsai, K. AU - Brownie, C. AU - Nychka, D. W. AU - Pollock, K. H. T2 - Bird Study DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 46 IS - 1999 SP - 47-54 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nonparametric step-down test procedures for finding minimum effective dose AU - Sidik, K. AU - Morris, R. W. T2 - Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 217-240 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular evolution of helix-turn-helix proteins AU - Rosinski, JA AU - Atchley, WR T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.1007/PL00006552 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 301-309 SN - 0022-2844 KW - helix-turn-helix KW - homology KW - phylogeny KW - transcription factors KW - sequence shuffling ER - TY - JOUR TI - The robustness of a continuous likelihood approach to bayesian analysis of forensic glass evidence AU - Curran, JM AU - Buckleton, J AU - Triggs, CM T2 - FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL AB - In previous work [1], [2], [3] the authors [K.A.J. Walsh, J.S. Buckleton, C.M. Triggs, A practical example of glass interpretation, Sci. Justice 36 (1996) 213–218; J.M. Curran, Forensic application of Bayesian interference to glass evidence, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, 1997; J.M. Curran, C.M. Triggs, J.S. Buckleton, S. Coulson, Combining a continuous Bayesian approach with grouping information, Forensic Sci. Int. 91 (1998) 181–196] have presented various aspects of a Bayesian interpretation of forensic glass evidence. Such an interpretation relies on assumptions that may not hold. This paper demonstrates the robustness of the Bayesian approach to deviations from the statistically convenient notion of normality of the measurements. DA - 1999/10/11/ PY - 1999/10/11/ DO - 10.1016/S0379-0738(99)00097-3 VL - 104 IS - 2-3 SP - 91-103 SN - 0379-0738 KW - glass analysis KW - statistics KW - Bayesian KW - robustness KW - sensitivity ER - TY - JOUR TI - Testing for trends in correlated data AU - Sun, HG AU - Pantula, SG T2 - STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS AB - The problem of testing for the significance of a linear trend in the presence of positively correlated errors is considered. Test criteria based on ordinary least squares, conditional maximum likelihood, estimated generalized least squares and maximum likelihood estimates tend to have higher significance levels than nominal levels for positively correlated series of moderate length. In this paper, we study three alternative methods: (a) pre-test, (b) bias-adjusted, and (c) bootstrap-based procedures. A simulation study is used to compare the empirical level and power of different procedures. An example is used to illustrate the procedures. DA - 1999/1/1/ PY - 1999/1/1/ DO - 10.1016/S0167-7152(98)00131-X VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 87-95 SN - 0167-7152 KW - maximum likelihood KW - power KW - bootstrap ER - TY - JOUR TI - Simulation of carbon monoxide transport during April 1994 AU - Faluvegi, GS AU - Alapaty, K AU - Reichle, HG AU - Mathur, R AU - Raman, S AU - Connors, VS T2 - JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES AB - The Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform (MAQSIP) is used to simulate transport of carbon monoxide (CO) as a passive tracer over North America, Europe, and the North Atlantic during the April 1994 Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) mission. MAQSIP is driven by meteorological fields generated by the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research fifth‐generation mesoscale model. Model CO surface emissions from biomass burning, fossil fuel combustion, nonmethane hydrocarbon oxidation, oceans, and soils are based on inventories from the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy and the Global Emissions Inventory Activity. Predicted CO mixing ratios are vertically weighted for comparison with MAPS observations. The spread in the mission‐averaged vertically weighted simulated CO mixing ratios (∼38 ppbv, compared to 60 ppbv in the MAPS data) suggests that CO surface emissions significantly affect MAPS observations on a weekly timescale. Good qualitative agreement is found between MAPS observations and model predictions on several temporal and spatial scales. Possible reasons for discrepancies are examined. A simulation without cumulus convection increases CO mixing ratios in the lower model layers and depletes CO above, resulting in a complex pattern of increases and decreases upon vertical weighted integration. Another simulation, which included a diurnal emissions variation, produced significant changes in instantaneous local CO mixing ratios, but had a minimal effect on the mission‐averaged MAPS comparisons. DA - 1999/9/20/ PY - 1999/9/20/ DO - 10.1029/1998JD100030 VL - 104 IS - D17 SP - 21471-21485 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Regression depth - Comment AU - Carroll, RJ AU - Ruppert, D AU - Stefanski, LA T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.2307/2670159 VL - 94 IS - 446 SP - 410-411 SN - 1537-274X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genetic dissection of vegetative propagation traits in Eucalyptus tereticornis and E-globulus AU - Marques, CM AU - Vasquez-Kool, J AU - Carocha, VJ AU - Ferreira, JG AU - DM O'Malley, AU - Liu, BH AU - Sederoff, R T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS DA - 1999/10// PY - 1999/10// DO - 10.1007/s001220051400 VL - 99 IS - 6 SP - 936-946 SN - 1432-2242 KW - AFLP KW - pseudo-testcross KW - Eucalyptus KW - QTL KW - vegetative propagation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Confidence limits for the onset and duration of treatment effect AU - Berger, RL AU - Boos, DD T2 - BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL AB - Studies of biological variables such as those based on blood chemistry often have measurements taken over time at closely spaced intervals for groups of individuals. Natural scientific questions may then relate to the first time that the underlying population curve crosses a threshold (onset) and to how long it stays above the threshold (duration). In this paper we give general confidence regions for these population quantities. The regions are based on the intersection-union principle and may be applied to totally nonparametric, semiparametric, or fully parametric models where level-α tests exist pointwise at each time point. A key advantage of the approach is that no modeling of the correlation over time is required. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(199909)41:5<517::AID-BIMJ517>3.3.CO;2-V VL - 41 IS - 5 SP - 517-531 SN - 0323-3847 KW - concentration curve KW - crossover KW - intersection-union KW - population function KW - regression function KW - survival curve KW - threshold ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bayesian analysis and model selection for interval-censored survival data AU - Sinha, D AU - Chen, MH AU - Ghosh, SK T2 - BIOMETRICS AB - Interval-censored data occur in survival analysis when the survival time of each patient is only known to be within an interval and these censoring intervals differ from patient to patient. For such data, we present some Bayesian discretized semiparametric models, incorporating proportional and nonproportional hazards structures, along with associated statistical analyses and tools for model selection using sampling-based methods. The scope of these methodologies is illustrated through a reanalysis of a breast cancer data set (Finkelstein, 1986, Biometrics 42, 845-854) to test whether the effect of covariate on survival changes over time. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1111/j.0006-341X.1999.00585.x VL - 55 IS - 2 SP - 585-590 SN - 0006-341X UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033006795&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - CPO KW - Gibbs sampler KW - prior process ER - TY - JOUR TI - Abundance of Gulf sturgeon in the Apalachicola River, Florida AU - Zehfuss, KP AU - Hightower, JE AU - Pollock, KH T2 - TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY AB - Gulf sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi a subspecies of Atlantic sturgeon A. oxyrinchus were once abundant in coastal rivers of the eastern Gulf of Mexico but have declined substantially due to habitat loss and overexploitation. Because relatively little is known about their population status in the Apalachicola River, Florida, we used capture–recapture data collected during 1982–1991 to assess the population of Gulf sturgeon at the Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, which limits upstream migration. We estimated that about 100 fish greater than 45 cm total length were present below the dam, although the estimates were biased to an unknown degree because of violations of capture–recapture model assumptions. To obtain a less biased estimate, we conducted an intensive 10-week capture–recapture experiment in 1993 that accounted for most of the assumption violations. We also used radiotelemetry to test the assumption that the population remained closed to immigration and emigration during sampling. The 1993 results also indicated a population of about 100 Gulf sturgeon below the dam; however, movement in and out of the sampling area occurred, so the population at the dam was not closed. Using simulation, we found that Jolly–Seber and Schnabel capture–recapture models were generally unbiased when fish had a high probability of returning to the study area after temporary emigration. However, when fish had a low probability of returning to the study area after temporary emigration, substantial bias occurred in both models. Length composition data from 1982 to 1991 and for 1993 suggested that low recruitment may account for the failure of the population to rebuild. We recommend identifying all areas of concentration of Gulf sturgeon in the Apalachicola River and developing a standardized sampling program for monitoring this threatened species. DA - 1999/1// PY - 1999/1// DO - 10.1577/1548-8659(1999)128<0130:AOGSIT>2.0.CO;2 VL - 128 IS - 1 SP - 130-143 SN - 1548-8659 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A random coefficient degradation model with ramdom sample size AU - Su, C AU - Lu, JC AU - Chen, D AU - Hughes-Oliver, JM T2 - LIFETIME DATA ANALYSIS DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1023/A:1009653529152 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 173-183 SN - 1572-9249 KW - degradation KW - least squares KW - maximum likelihood estimation ER - TY - JOUR TI - PATHSAS: A SAS computer program for path coefficient analysis of quantitative data AU - Cramer, CS AU - Wehner, TC AU - Donaghy, SB T2 - JOURNAL OF HEREDITY DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1093/jhered/90.1.260 VL - 90 IS - 1 SP - 260-262 SN - 0022-1503 ER -