TY - JOUR TI - The Iowa State University model bioethics institutes AU - Comstock, G. T2 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 323-328 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-9644259297&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Iowa State University Model Bioethics Institutes AU - Comstock, G. L. T2 - Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society AB - How should universities help their life science faculty members to integrate discussions of ethics into their courses? The Iowa State University Model Bio-ethics Institutes offer one model. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1177/027046769901900410 VL - 19 SP - 323-328 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Disposition of remains AU - Levenbook, B. B. T2 - Philosophy of law: an encyclopedia PY - 1999/// VL - 1 SP - 216-219 PB - New York: Garland Publishing SN - 0815313446 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Attempts as attacks AU - Levenbook, B. B. T2 - Criminal Justice Ethics AB - R. A. Duff, Criminal Attempts Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996, xxvii + 420 pp. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1080/0731129x.1999.9992066 VL - 18 SP - 52-60 ER - TY - CHAP TI - ( Sexual) quotation without (sexual) harassment? Educational use of pornography in the university classroom AU - Austin, D. F. T2 - Porn 101: Eroticism, pornography, and the First Amendment CN - HQ472.U6 P67 1999 PY - 1999/// PB - Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books ER - TY - CHAP TI - The moral basis of vegetarianism AU - Regan, T. T2 - Ethical vegetarianism: From Pythagoras to Peter Singer: Pt. IV A2 - K. S. Walters, A2 - Portmess, L. CN - TX392 .E84 1999 PY - 1999/// PB - Albany: State University of New York Press ER - TY - CHAP TI - Introduction AU - Regan, T. T2 - Animal others: On ethics, ontology, and animal life CN - B105.A55 A55 1999 PY - 1999/// PB - Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Decision-theoretic finitely iterated prisoner's dilemmas (Game theory, backward induction argument, belief) AU - Carroll, J. W. T2 - Analysis [Oxford, England] AB - Decision-theoretic finitely iterated prisoner's dilemmas John W. Carroll John W. Carroll North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC 27695-8103, USAcarroll@unity.ncsu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 59, Issue 4, October 1999, Pages 249–256, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/59.4.249 Published: 01 October 1999 DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1093/analys/59.4.249 VL - 59 IS - 4 SP - 249-256 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Will I be a dead person? (Further discussion of Eric Olsen's biological view of personal identity) AU - Carter, WR T2 - PHILOSOPHY AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH AB - In a recent paper Was I Ever a Fetus?, Eric T. Olson argues convincingly that the Standard View of personal identity cannot resolve the 'fetus problem' and so should be rejected. I shall show that Olson's favored Biological View of personal identity is in much the same boat with respect to what I'll call the dead person problem. Friends of the Biological View (BV hereafter) hold that we continue for so long, but only so long, as our lives continue. The dead person who lay in state after John Kennedy's assassination was not JFK, by the lights of BV theorists, since JFK no longer existed after he died. That leaves us with the question: how was it with this dead person (the dead person who was ceremonially buried in Arlington National Cemetery shortly after JFK's death) prior to JFK's assassination? I do not believe that fans of BV can plausibly respond to the question. As we shall see, the brief for this is much the same as the case Olson makes for judging that friends of SV (the Standard View) cannot plausibly respond to questions concerning the future of fetal individuals. Let Flam be an ordinary (midlife) person, Flem be the fetal individual that emerges from (as we normally would say) Flam's conception, and Flan be the dead person who is buried when (as many would say) Flam is buried. Identity questions present themselves. Is Flem Flam? And is Flan Flam? SV DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.2307/2653464 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 167-171 SN - 0031-8205 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Lifelike pedagogical agents for mixed-initiative problem solving in constructivist learning environments AU - Lester, JC AU - Stone, BA AU - Stelling, GD T2 - USER MODELING AND USER-ADAPTED INTERACTION DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/A:1008374607830 VL - 9 IS - 1-2 SP - 1-44 SN - 1573-1391 KW - lifelike agents KW - pedagogical agents KW - animated agents KW - knowledge-based learning environments KW - mixed-initiative interaction KW - intelligent tutoring systems KW - intelligent multimedia presentation KW - intelligent interfaces KW - task models ER - TY - CHAP TI - Julius Africanus and Judaism in the third century AU - Adler, W. T2 - A multiform heritage: Studies on early Judaism and Christianity in honor of Robert A. Kraft (Scholars Press homage series ; v. 24) CN - BR165 .M97 1999 PY - 1999/// SP - 123-138 PB - Atlanta, Ga.: Scholars Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Deictic believability: Coordinated gesture, locomotion, and speech in lifelike pedagogical agents AU - Lester, JC AU - Voerman, JL AU - Towns, SG AU - Callaway, CB T2 - APPLIED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AB - Lifelike animated agents for knowledge - based learning environments can provide timely , customized advice to support students' problem solving . Because of their strong visual presence , they hold significant promise for substantially increasing students' enjoyment of their learning experiences . A key problemposed by lifelike agents that inhabit artificial worlds is deictic believability. In the same manner that humans refer to objects in their environment through judicious combinations of speech , locomotion , and gesture , animated agents should be able to move through their environment and point to and refer to objects appropriately as they provide problem - solving advice . In this paper we describe a framework for achieving deictic believability in animated agents . A deictic behavior planner exploits a world model and the evolving explanation plan as it selects and coordinates locomotive , gestural , and speech behaviors . The resulting behaviors and utterances are believable , and the references exhibit a lack of ambiguity . This approach to spatial deixis has been implemented in a lifelike animated agent , COSMO , who inhabits a learning environment for the domain of Internet packet routing . COSMO provides real - time advice to students as they escort packets through a virtual world of interconnected routers . Results of an informal focus group study with the COSMOagent suggest that the spatial deixis framework produces clear explanatory animated behaviors . DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1080/088395199117324 VL - 13 IS - 4-5 SP - 383-414 SN - 0883-9514 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Wrongness, wisdom, and wilderness: Toward a libertarian theory of ethics and the environment. AU - Vandeveer, D. T2 - Ethics (Chicago, Ill.) DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 109 IS - 4 SP - 922-924 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Squaring the circle: The war between Hobbes and Wallis AU - Jesseph, D. M. CN - QA29.H58 J47 1999 DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// PB - Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press SN - 0226398994 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The two dams and that damned paresis AU - Carroll, JW T2 - BRITISH JOURNAL FOR THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AB - Philosophers of science take it as a datum that Mayor John's having syphilis explains why he, rather than certain nonsyphilitics, had paresis. Using a new hypothetical example, the case of the two dams, it is argued that three independent considerations invalidate these philosophers' starting point. DA - 1999/3// PY - 1999/3// DO - 10.1093/bjps/50.1.65 VL - 50 IS - 1 SP - 65-81 SN - 0007-0882 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The decline and fall of Hobbesian geometry AU - Jesseph, DM T2 - STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AB - We present an informational view of classical propositional logic that stems from a kind of informational semantics whereby the meaning of a logical operator is specified solely in terms of the information that is actually possessed by an agent. In this view the inferential power of logical agents is naturally bounded by their limited capability of manipulating “virtual information”, namely information that is not implicitly contained in the data. Although this informational semantics cannot be expressed by any finitely-valued matrix, it can be expressed by a non-deterministic 3-valued matrix that was first introduced by W.V.O. Quine, but ignored by the logical community. Within the general framework presented in [21] we provide an in-depth discussion of this informational semantics and a detailed analysis of a specific infinite hierarchy of tractable approximations to classical propositional logic that is based on it. This hierarchy can be used to model the inferential power of resource-bounded agents and admits of a uniform proof-theoretical characterization that is half-way between a classical version of Natural Deduction and the method of semantic tableaux. DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.1016/S0039-3681(99)00011-4 VL - 30A IS - 3 SP - 425-453 SN - 1879-2510 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intelligent multi-shot 3D visualization interfaces AU - Bares, WH AU - Lester, JC T2 - KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS AB - In next-generation virtual 3D simulation, training, and entertainment environments, intelligent visualization interfaces must respond to user-specified viewing requests so users can follow salient points of the action and monitor the relative locations of objects. Users should be able to indicate which object(s) to view, how each should be viewed, what cinematic style and pace to employ, and how to respond when a single satisfactory view is not possible. When constraints fail, weak constraints can be relaxed or multi-shot solutions can be displayed in sequence or as composite shots with simultaneous viewports. To address these issues, we have developed ConstraintCam, a real-time camera visualization interface for dynamic 3D worlds. DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1016/S0950-7051(99)00034-9 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 403-412 SN - 1872-7409 KW - intelligent 3D visualization KW - adaptive and customizable user interfaces KW - camera planning ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hillel and Jesus: Comparative studies of two major religious leaders AU - Adler, W. T2 - Catholic Biblical Quarterly DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 61 IS - 1 SP - 184-185 ER -