TY - JOUR TI - Editors' Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal Publishing AU - Kaebnick, Gregory E. AU - Magnus, David Christopher AU - Kao, Audiey AU - Hosseini, Mohammad AU - Resnik, David AU - Dubljevic, Veljko AU - Rentmeester, Christy AU - Gordijn, Bert AU - Cherry, Mark J. T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS DA - 2023/12/8/ PY - 2023/12/8/ DO - 10.1080/15265161.2023.2292437 VL - 12 SP - SN - 1536-0075 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Socio-political Perspective in Neuroethics: Applications, Clarifications & Extensions AU - Trettenbach, Katharina AU - Ranisch, Robert AU - Dubljević, Veljko T2 - AJOB Neuroscience AB - Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Porous or Contextualized Autonomy? Knowledge Can Empower Autonomous Moral AgentsThe Socio-Political Roles of Neuroethics and the Case of KlothoHas the Socio-Political Role of Neuroethics Been Neglected?Continuums of Capacity, Binaries of Guilt: The Sociopolitical Role of Neuroethics in Criminal JusticeWhat Exactly “History Has Taught us”? Enhancing the Socio-Political Perspective in NeuroethicsTrust in NeuroethicsEugenic Technologies Are Developed in Eugenic Eras: Why We Must Include Historical Circumstances in Socio-Political Perspectives for NeuroethicsThe Socio-Political Perspectives of Neuroethics: An Approach to Combat the Reproducibility Crisis in Science?Between Neurodiscourse and Ideology: Expanding on the Socio-Political Dimension in NeuroethicsPublic Engagement With Brain Organoid Research and Application: Lessons From Genome Editing DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article. DA - 2023/7/3/ PY - 2023/7/3/ DO - 10.1080/21507740.2023.2243862 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2023.2243862 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Political and ethical landscape of brain organoid research AU - Schneider, Eric AU - Samsa, Leigh Ann AU - Dubljević, Veljko T2 - Molecular Psychology: Brain, Behavior, and Society AB - Human cerebral organoids (hCOs), produced in labs through directed cell culture of embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, closely replicate the 3-dimensional architecture of the human brain on a micro scale. This technology has been used to model neurological disease and shows promise to complement or supplant animal subjects in preclinical therapeutic investigation. However, attention must be paid by researchers and institutions to the various ethical concerns associated with hCO development. Human-animal chimeras produced through the grafting of hCOs have shown integration of neurological function, calling into question the moral status of both the animal chimeras and the organoid itself. Sensationalist reporting on such acts may also prompt public backlash, potentially jeopardizing hCO research and the promised benefits thereof. Moreover, concerns arise over privacy and consent for past and prospective donors of stem cells used to produce organoids. Genetic information may be considered privileged to the public domain and disrupted trust can reduce the supply of willing donors. Though hCOs are believed thus far to lack the capacity for consciousness and cognitive function, consideration must be given to their potential status as moral agents with further development or enhancement. Boundaries concerning organoids adhered to by researchers have been largely voluntary and informal to this point. By edict or by the power of the purse, governmental regulatory agencies ought to formalize necessary guidelines to ensure compliance with ethical principles and the adequate representation of all affected stakeholders in future decisions. DA - 2023/4/19/ PY - 2023/4/19/ DO - 10.12688/molpsychol.17521.1 UR - https://doi.org/10.12688/molpsychol.17521.1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ethical Decision-Making in Law Enforcement: A Scoping Review AU - Dempsey, Ronald AU - Eskander, Elizabeth E. AU - Dubljevic, Veljko T2 - Psych AB - Decision-making in uncertain and stressful environments combined with the high-profile cases of police violence in the United States has generated substantial debates about policing and created challenges to maintaining public confidence and trust in law enforcement. However, despite the manifestations of reactions across the ideological spectrum, it is unclear what information is available in the literature about the convergence between ethical decision-making and policing. Therefore, an interdisciplinary scoping review was conducted to map the nature and extent of research evidence, identify existing gaps in knowledge, and discuss future implications for ethical decision-making in law enforcement. This review investigates the interaction between the job complexities of policing (psychological and normative factors) and aspects of ethical decision-making, synthesizing three distinct themes: (1) socio-moral dimensions impact the job complexities of police work, (2) lethal means and moral injury influence intuitive and rational decision-making, and (3) police wellness and interventions are critical to sustaining police readiness. Gaps in recruiting, training, and leadership and managerial practices can be broadly transformed to fundamentally emphasize officer wellness and a holistic approach to ethical practices, enabling police officers to uphold the rule of law, promote public safety, and protect the communities they serve. DA - 2023/6// PY - 2023/6// DO - 10.3390/psych5020037 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/5/2/37 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Editors’ Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal Publishing AU - Kaebnick, Gregory E. AU - Magnus, David Christopher AU - Kao, Audiey AU - Hosseini, Mohammad AU - Resnik, David AU - Dubljević, Veljko AU - Rentmeester, Christy AU - Gordijn, Bert AU - Cherry, Mark J. T2 - AJOB Neuroscience DA - 2023/10/2/ PY - 2023/10/2/ DO - 10.1080/21507740.2023.2257181 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2023.2257181 ER - TY - JOUR TI - František Ábel, Ed. Israel and the Nations: Paul’s Gospel in the Context of Jewish Expectation AU - Staples, Jason T2 - Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations AB - No abstract is available. DA - 2023/1/17/ PY - 2023/1/17/ DO - 10.6017/scjr.v18i1.16477 VL - 18 IS - 1 UR - https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/scjr/article/view/16477 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Russian philosophy and the question of its exceptional nature AU - Bykova, Marina F. T2 - STUDIES IN EAST EUROPEAN THOUGHT DA - 2023/12// PY - 2023/12// DO - 10.1007/s11212-023-09607-0 VL - 75 IS - 4 SP - 781-786 SN - 1573-0948 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11212-023-09607-0 KW - Russia KW - Russian philosophy KW - Pyotr Chaadaev KW - exceptionality KW - isolationism KW - dialogue KW - world philosophy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Boolean Valued Models, Boolean Valuations, and Löwenheim-Skolem Theorems AU - Wu, Xinhe T2 - JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHICAL LOGIC DA - 2023/12/23/ PY - 2023/12/23/ DO - 10.1007/s10992-023-09732-5 SP - SN - 1573-0433 KW - Boolean-valued models KW - Non-classical model theory KW - Lowenheim-Skolem theorems ER - TY - JOUR TI - Moral judgment in realistic traffic scenarios: moving beyond the trolley paradigm for ethics of autonomous vehicles AU - Cecchini, Dario AU - Brantley, Sean AU - Dubljevic, Veljko T2 - AI & SOCIETY AB - Abstract The imminent deployment of autonomous vehicles requires algorithms capable of making moral decisions in relevant traffic situations. Some scholars in the ethics of autonomous vehicles hope to align such intelligent systems with human moral judgment. For this purpose, studies like the Moral Machine Experiment have collected data about human decision-making in trolley-like traffic dilemmas. This paper first argues that the trolley dilemma is an inadequate experimental paradigm for investigating traffic moral judgments because it does not include agents’ character-based considerations and is incapable of facilitating the investigation of low-stakes mundane traffic scenarios. In light of the limitations of the trolley paradigm, this paper presents an alternative experimental framework that addresses these issues. The proposed solution combines the creation of mundane traffic moral scenarios using virtual reality and the Agent-Deed-Consequences (ADC) model of moral judgment as a moral-psychological framework. This paradigm shift potentially increases the ecological validity of future studies by providing more realism and incorporating character considerations into traffic actions. DA - 2023/11/29/ PY - 2023/11/29/ DO - 10.1007/s00146-023-01813-y VL - 11 SP - SN - 1435-5655 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01813-y KW - Traffic moral judgment KW - Moral machine experiment KW - Trolley problem KW - ADC model ER - TY - JOUR TI - Contemplating the legacy of Russian thought amidst tragedy: an introduction to The Palgrave Handbook of Russian Thought book symposium AU - Bykova, Marina F. T2 - STUDIES IN EAST EUROPEAN THOUGHT DA - 2023/11/20/ PY - 2023/11/20/ DO - 10.1007/s11212-023-09603-4 VL - 11 SP - SN - 1573-0948 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Co-designing a Classroom Orchestration Assistant for Game-based PBL Environments AU - Bae, Haesol AU - Feng, Chen AU - Glazewski, Krista AU - Hmelo-Silver, Cindy E. AU - Chen, Yuxin AU - Mott, Bradford W. AU - Lee, Seung Y. AU - Lester, James C. T2 - TECHTRENDS DA - 2023/11/8/ PY - 2023/11/8/ DO - 10.1007/s11528-023-00903-4 SP - SN - 1559-7075 KW - Classroom orchestration KW - Collaborative inquiry KW - Problem-based learning KW - Teacher dashboard KW - Intelligent orchestration assistants KW - Co-design ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fostering Upper Elementary AI Education: Iteratively Refining a Use-Modify-Create Scaffolding Progression for AI Planning AU - Mott, Bradford AU - Gupta, Anisha AU - GlazewskiAnne, Krista AU - Ottenbreit-Leftwich, Anne AU - Hmelo-Silver, Cindy AU - Scribner, Adam AU - Lee, Seung AU - Lester, James T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2023 CONFERENCE ON INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION, ITICSE 2023, VOL. 2 AB - The growing ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping much of daily life. This in turn is raising awareness of the need to introduce AI education throughout the K-12 curriculum so that students can better understand and utilize AI. A particularly promising approach for engaging young learners in AI education is game-based learning. In this work, we present our efforts to embed a unit on AI planning within an immersive game-based learning environment for upper elementary students (ages 8 to 11) that utilizes a scaffolding progression based on the Use-Modify-Create framework. Further, we present how the scaffolding progression is being refined based on findings from piloting the game with students. DA - 2023/// PY - 2023/// DO - 10.1145/3587103.3594170 SP - 647-647 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Everyday Crusade: Christian Nationalism in American Politics AU - Bivins, Jason C. AU - McDaniel, Eric L. AU - Nooruddin, Irfan AU - Shortle, Allyson F. T2 - PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS AB - The Everyday Crusade: Christian Nationalism in American Politics. By Eric L. McDaniel, Irfan Nooruddin, and Allyson F. Shortle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. 272p. $34.99 paper. - Volume 21 Issue 3 DA - 2023/9// PY - 2023/9// DO - 10.1017/S1537592723001949 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 1064-1066 SN - 1541-0986 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Abe Assassination and Japan’s Nexus of Religion and Politics AU - McLaughlin, Levi T2 - Current History AB - The shocking murder of Japan’s former Prime Minister of Japan Shinzō Abe by a gunman motivated by anger at the politician’s ties to the controversial Unification Church sparked a massive outcry that amplified long-standing anxieties about religion in Japan. This article surveys reasons for persistent tensions between a Japanese public that tends to reject self-identifying as religious and the influence of religion-affiliated organizations on Japanese politics. It also identifies Abe’s assassination in July 2022 and local-level elections in April 2023 as potential beginning and end points of the latest moral panic about religion in Japan’s public sphere. DA - 2023/9/1/ PY - 2023/9/1/ DO - 10.1525/curh.2023.122.845.209 VL - 122 IS - 845 SP - 209-216 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2023.122.845.209 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preface to the Special Issue on K-12 AI Education AU - Wang, Ning AU - Lester, James T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION AB - It is widely recognized that AI is beginning to profoundly impact society around the globe. These developments are introducing new opportunities, presenting new risks, and fundamentally reshaping the current and future workforce. As such, we must now answer critically important questions: How can we prepare K-12 students for an AI-permeated future? How do K-12 students conceive of AI and what do they need to know to be effective consumers of AI technologies? What competencies do K-12 students need to acquire to be prepared for workplaces where human-AI teaming is the norm? What do future knowledge workers, including but not limited to those in STEM, need to learn in primary and secondary school to set the stage for their careers, which will no doubt require the ability to effectively interact with AI tools? How can K-12 education best prepare future AI developers, engineers, and researchers? This special issue explores the emerging field of K-12 AI education research. DA - 2023/8/3/ PY - 2023/8/3/ DO - 10.1007/s40593-023-00363-0 SP - SN - 1560-4306 KW - AI education KW - K-12 education KW - K-12 AI education KW - Computer science education ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reflections on Russian Philosophy: on Some Western Stereotypes of Its Perception and Its Place in the History of World Philosophical Thought AU - Bykova, Marina F. T2 - VOPROSY FILOSOFII AB - The article addresses the question of the uniqueness of Russian philosophy and its place in the world philosophical process. It surveys contemporary stereotypes in the perception of Russian philosophical thought in Anglophone studies and examines the history of their formation under the influence of the works of Isa­iah Berlin, in particular, his well-known book Russian Thinkers (1978). The author identifies and discusses a number of characteristics of Russian philosophical thought, which can rightfully be considered its important features that distin­guish it from other philosophical traditions. The article argues that Russian phi­losophy is an integral part of the development of the world philosophical process and, therefore, it cannot and shall not be considered outside its context. Only an open philosophical dialogue and active intellectual and ingenious cooperation with other cultures and philosophical traditions create the conditions necessary for both an adequate assessment of the originality of Russian philosophical thought and the further advance of Russian philosophy. DA - 2023/// PY - 2023/// DO - 10.21146/0042-8744-2023-6-17-27 IS - 6 SP - 17-27 SN - 0042-8744 KW - Russian philosophy KW - Isaiah Berlin KW - peculiarity KW - wholeness KW - organicity KW - person KW - Russian idea KW - originality KW - exceptionalism KW - dialogue ER - TY - JOUR TI - LIFE IS SIMPLE: HOW OCCAM'S RAZOR SET SCIENCE FREE AND SHAPES THE UNIVERSE AU - Driscoll, Catherine T2 - QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY AB - Previous articleNext article No AccessHistory, Philosophy, and Ethics of BiologyLife Is Simple: How Occam’s Razor Set Science Free and Shapes the Universe. By Johnjoe McFadden. New York: Basic Books. $32.00. vi + 376 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 9781541620445 (hc); 9781541620438 (eb). 2021.Catherine DriscollCatherine DriscollPhilosophy & Religious Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Quarterly Review of Biology Volume 98, Number 2June 2023 Published in association with Stony Brook University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/725295 Views: 30Total views on this site For permission to reuse, please contact [email protected].PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article. DA - 2023/6/1/ PY - 2023/6/1/ DO - 10.1086/725295 VL - 98 IS - 2 SP - 86-87 SN - 1539-7718 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Scoping Review of Ethical and Legal Issues in Behavioural Variant Frontotemporal Dementia AU - Nair, Anirudh AU - Berryessa, Colleen M. AU - Dubljevic, Veljko T2 - CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BIOETHIQUE AB - Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a subtype of frontotemporal dementia characterized by changes in personality, social behaviour, and cognition. Although neural abnormalities cause bvFTD patients to struggle with inhibiting problematic behaviour, they are generally considered fully autonomous individuals. Subsequently, bvFTD patients demonstrate understanding of right and wrong but are unable to act in accordance with moral norms. To investigate the ethical, legal, and social issues associated with bvFTD, we conducted a scoping review of academic literature with inclusion & exclusion criteria and codes derived from our prior work. Among our final sample of fifty-six articles, four mentioned bvFTD patient-offenders as unfit to stand trial by insanity, and sixteen mentioned the use of dementia evidence in a court of law to better understand the autonomy of bvFTD patients. Additional emergent issues that were discovered include: training police officers to handle situations involving bvFTD patients and educating healthcare providers on how to help caregivers navigate bvFTD. The current literature highlights the inadequacy of traditional applications of medico-legal categories such as autonomy, capacity and competence, in informing cognitive capacity assessments in clinical and legal settings and deserves consideration by neuroethicists. DA - 2023/// PY - 2023/// DO - 10.7202/1101133ar VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - SN - 2561-4665 UR - https://cjb-rcb.ca/index.php/cjb-rcb/article/view/621 KW - decision-making KW - frontotemporal dementia KW - neurodegenerative disease KW - neuroethics KW - regulatory issues ER - TY - JOUR TI - Embedding AI in society: ethics, policy, governance, and impacts AU - Pflanzer, Michael AU - Dubljevic, Veljko AU - Bauer, William A. A. AU - Orcutt, Darby AU - List, George AU - Singh, Munindar P. P. T2 - AI & SOCIETY DA - 2023/6/24/ PY - 2023/6/24/ DO - 10.1007/s00146-023-01704-2 VL - 6 SP - SN - 1435-5655 ER - TY - JOUR TI - K-12 Education in the Age of AI: A Call to Action for K-12 AI Literacy AU - Wang, Ning AU - Lester, James T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION AB - Abstract The emergence of increasingly powerful AI technologies calls for the design and development of K-12 AI literacy curricula that can support students who will be entering a profoundly changed labor market. However, developing, implementing, and scaling AI literacy curricula poses significant challenges. It will be essential to develop a robust, evidence-based AI education research foundation that can inform AI literacy curriculum development. Unlike K-12 science and mathematics education, there is not currently a research foundation for K-12 AI education. In this article we provide a component-based definition of AI literacy, present the need for implementing AI literacy education across all grade bands, and argue for the creation of research programs across four areas of AI education: (1) K-12 AI Learning & Technology; (2) K-12 AI Education Integration into STEM, Language Arts, and Social Science Education; (3) K-12 AI Professional Development for Teachers and Administrators; and (4) K-12 AI Assessment. DA - 2023/6/20/ PY - 2023/6/20/ DO - 10.1007/s40593-023-00358-x SP - SN - 1560-4306 KW - AI education KW - K-12 education KW - K-12 AI education KW - Computer science education ER - TY - JOUR TI - Supporting Adolescent Engagement with Artificial Intelligence-Driven Digital Health Behavior Change Interventions AU - Giovanelli, Alison AU - Rowe, Jonathan AU - Taylor, Madelynn AU - Berna, Mark AU - Tebb, Kathleen P. AU - Penilla, Carlos AU - Pugatch, Marianne AU - Lester, James AU - Ozer, Elizabeth M. T2 - JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH AB - Understanding and optimizing adolescent-specific engagement with behavior change interventions will open doors for providers to promote healthy changes in an age group that is simultaneously difficult to engage and especially important to affect. For digital interventions, there is untapped potential in combining the vastness of process-level data with the analytical power of artificial intelligence (AI) to understand not only how adolescents engage but also how to improve upon interventions with the goal of increasing engagement and, ultimately, efficacy. Rooted in the example of the INSPIRE narrative-centered digital health behavior change intervention (DHBCI) for adolescent risky behaviors around alcohol use, we propose a framework for harnessing AI to accomplish 4 goals that are pertinent to health care providers and software developers alike: measurement of adolescent engagement, modeling of adolescent engagement, optimization of current interventions, and generation of novel interventions. Operationalization of this framework with youths must be situated in the ethical use of this technology, and we have outlined the potential pitfalls of AI with particular attention to privacy concerns for adolescents. Given how recently AI advances have opened up these possibilities in this field, the opportunities for further investigation are plenty. DA - 2023/5/24/ PY - 2023/5/24/ DO - 10.2196/40306 VL - 25 SP - SN - 1438-8871 KW - digital health behavior change KW - adolescent KW - adolescence KW - behavior change KW - BCT KW - behavioral intervention KW - artificial intelligence KW - machine learning KW - model KW - AI ethics KW - trace log data KW - ethics KW - ethical KW - youth KW - risky behavior KW - engagement KW - privacy KW - security KW - optimization KW - operationalization ER - TY - JOUR TI - The World of Islam: 'good' religion, perennialism, and public culture in the 1970s AU - Foody, Kathleen M. T2 - CULTURE AND RELIGION AB - This article draws on conversations about liberal religion to explore how international events attempt to stage ‘good Islam’ for non-Muslim publics. It does this by focusing on an understudied event from post-empire Britain: the 1976 World of Islam Festival. Here, I focus on how Muslim and non-Muslim actors, ideas about universalism, perennialism and religion, and international politics organised the presentation of ‘good’ Islam in the 1970s. I attend to how liberal renderings of ‘good religion’ operate in a feedback loop with racist, xenophobic and specifically anti-Muslim sentiments in the years just before Muslim politics would take centre-stage in global imaginaries. DA - 2023/3/24/ PY - 2023/3/24/ DO - 10.1080/14755610.2023.2185648 SP - SN - 1475-5629 KW - Liberalism KW - Islamophobia KW - Islamophilia ER - TY - JOUR TI - Connecting Ethical Reasoning to Global Challenges through Analysis of Argumentation AU - Sjogren, Caroline A. AU - Comstock, Gary AU - Goller, Carlos C. T2 - JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION AB - Scientific literacy is built on critical thinking. The postbaccalaureate workforce enhances our economies and societies by contributing a wealth of knowledge and skill sets to local communities, respective industries, and beyond as our world becomes increasingly interconnected. Education in scientific literacy should teach students how to learn about science and how to cultivate and communicate a positive attitude about science. Learners in a 200-level nonmajors biotechnology course engaged with a series of ethical dilemmas after mastering the basic elements of argument structure and advanced tools in argument evaluation. To introduce collaboration as a constructive process in undergraduate education, student interactions with peers require guidance, flexibility, and compassion to learn from each other. Students gain critical thinking mastery from two modules addressing how we argue and evaluate claims. Students apply these critical thinking skills to various ethical arguments involving responsible conduct of research training. Using our structured and interdisciplinary approach, new scholars learn through practice how to read, analyze, and evaluate research scenarios and respond to potential ethical situations. This strategy allows students to develop important scholarly skills, including a systematic approach to evaluating credibility and applying generosity to theirs and others' understanding of their circumstances. DA - 2023/3/16/ PY - 2023/3/16/ DO - 10.1128/jmbe.00166-22 VL - 3 SP - SN - 1935-7885 UR - https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/58506764/ KW - critical thinking KW - argumentation KW - ethical reasoning KW - case studies KW - discussion KW - literacy KW - collaborative learning KW - mastery learning KW - communicate ER - TY - JOUR TI - A multi-level growth modeling approach to measuring learner attention with metacognitive pedagogical agents AU - Wiedbusch, Megan AU - Lester, James AU - Azevedo, Roger T2 - METACOGNITION AND LEARNING DA - 2023/3/3/ PY - 2023/3/3/ DO - 10.1007/s11409-023-09336-z SP - SN - 1556-1631 KW - Pedagogical agents KW - Metacognition KW - Affect detection and recognition KW - Individual differences KW - Multilevel methods KW - Science learning ER - TY - CHAP TI - Body of Christ T2 - The Dictionary of Paul and His Letters A2 - Ed. A2 - Gupta, Nijay K. A2 - Cohick, Lynn H. PY - 2023/4/11/ SP - 83–85 PB - IVP Academic UR - https://www.ivpress.com/dictionary-of-paul-and-his-letters ER - TY - CHAP TI - Empire AU - Staples, Jason A. T2 - The Dictionary of Paul and His Letters A2 - Ed. A2 - Gupta, Nijay K. A2 - Cohick, Lynn H. PY - 2023/4/11/ SP - 242–50 PB - IVP Academic UR - https://www.ivpress.com/dictionary-of-paul-and-his-letters ER - TY - JOUR TI - Exploring and Understanding Law Enforcement's Relationship with Technology: A Qualitative Interview Study of Police Officers in North Carolina AU - Dempsey, Ronald P. AU - Brunet, James R. AU - Dubljevic, Veljko T2 - APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL AB - Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into law enforcement has become a concern of contemporary politics and public discourse. In this paper, we qualitatively examine the perspectives of AI technologies based on 20 semi-structured interviews of law enforcement professionals in North Carolina. We investigate how integrating AI technologies, such as predictive policing and autonomous vehicle (AV) technology, impacts the relationships between communities and police jurisdictions. The evidence suggests that police officers maintain that AI plays a limited role in policing but believe the technologies will continue to expand, improving public safety and increasing policing capability. Conversely, police officers believe that AI will not necessarily increase trust between police and the community, citing ethical concerns and the potential to infringe on civil rights. It is thus argued that the trends toward integrating AI technologies into law enforcement are not without risk. Policymaking guided by public consensus and collaborative discussion with law enforcement professionals must aim to promote accountability through the application of responsible design of AI in policing with an end state of providing societal benefits and mitigating harm to the populace. Society has a moral obligation to mitigate the detrimental consequences of fully integrating AI technologies into law enforcement. DA - 2023/3// PY - 2023/3// DO - 10.3390/app13063887 VL - 13 IS - 6 SP - SN - 2076-3417 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063887 KW - criminal justice KW - trustworthy artificial intelligence KW - predictive policing KW - autonomous vehicles KW - public safety KW - ethics KW - responsible design KW - policy implications KW - qualitative research ER - TY - JOUR TI - Afterword: Beyond Opportunistic Blackness: Reclaiming Victor Anderson's Religious Criticism Against the Spiritual Evacuation of Blackness AU - Pickett, Xavier T2 - BLACK THEOLOGY AB - After nearly thirty years, Beyond Ontological Blackness can and should be used to think about contemporary challenges and avoidable futures in which (racial) representations could further ensnare us due to its inherent entanglement with racial capitalism. In this afterword, I argue that Victor Anderson offers an ethics of representation/blackness through the figure of the religious critic. It reclaims Anderson’s religious critic and shows how such a critic models better forms of social criticism that can be both descriptive and constructive, enlightening and emancipatory, and iconoclastic and utopian, without sacrificing either identity or difference, the individual or the group to oppressive values, norms and structures. DA - 2023/1/2/ PY - 2023/1/2/ DO - 10.1080/14769948.2023.2180133 SP - SN - 1743-1670 KW - Religious criticism KW - transcendence KW - cultural fulfilment KW - racial capitalism KW - opportunistic blackness KW - racial representation ER - TY - JOUR TI - The power and limits of friendship in Spinoza’s Ethics AU - Soyarslan, Sanem T2 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy AB - ABSTRACTABSTRACTSpinoza’s views on friendship have been a relatively overlooked aspect of his ethical thought. Even though commentators such as Andrew Youpa and Steven Nadler shed significant light on the significance of Spinoza’s views, they do not provide a detailed examination of the possibility of friendship between people who are not similar to one another. In considering to what extent (if at all) a virtuous person can join ordinary people who are dissimilar to her in friendship, my paper attempts to reach a better understanding of the limits, as well as the power, of friendship for Spinoza. First, I show that we can make a meaningful distinction between two kinds of friendship, which I call active friendship and coincidental friendship. Then, I argue that in Spinoza besides these two kinds of friendships, there is also a group of social interactions wherein the virtuous wants to bring the non-virtuous to enlightenment. In examining the nature of these interactions, I conclude that in Spinoza in addition to what we can call the Socratic quest of bringing people to enlightenment, we also find a strategy of insulation, which consists in taking measures so that ordinary people do not pose a threat to the virtuous.KEYWORDS: FriendshipSpinozaAristotlevirtue DA - 2023/2/21/ PY - 2023/2/21/ DO - 10.1080/09608788.2023.2173137 VL - 2 SP - 1-18 J2 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy LA - en OP - SN - 0960-8788 1469-3526 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09608788.2023.2173137 DB - Crossref KW - Friendship KW - Spinoza KW - Aristotle KW - virtue ER - TY - JOUR TI - Early prediction of student knowledge in game-based learning with distributed representations of assessment questions AU - Emerson, Andrew AU - Min, Wookhee AU - Azevedo, Roger AU - Lester, James T2 - BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AB - Abstract Game‐based learning environments hold significant promise for facilitating learning experiences that are both effective and engaging. To support individualised learning and support proactive scaffolding when students are struggling, game‐based learning environments should be able to accurately predict student knowledge at early points in students' gameplay. Student knowledge is traditionally assessed prior to and after each student interacts with the learning environment with conventional methods, such as multiple choice content knowledge assessments. While previous student modelling approaches have leveraged machine learning to automatically infer students' knowledge, there is limited work that incorporates the fine‐grained content from each question in these types of tests into student models that predict student performance at early junctures in gameplay episodes. This work investigates a predictive student modelling approach that leverages the natural language text of the post‐gameplay content knowledge questions and the text of the possible answer choices for early prediction of fine‐grained individual student performance in game‐based learning environments. With data from a study involving 66 undergraduate students from a large public university interacting with a game‐based learning environment for microbiology, Crystal Island , we investigate the accuracy and early prediction capacity of student models that use a combination of gameplay features extracted from student log files as well as distributed representations of post‐test content assessment questions. The results demonstrate that by incorporating knowledge about assessment questions, early prediction models are able to outperform competing baselines that only use student game trace data with no question‐related information. Furthermore, this approach achieves high generalisation, including predicting the performance of students on unseen questions. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic A distinctive characteristic of game‐based learning environments is their capacity to enable fine‐grained student assessment. Adaptive game‐based learning environments offer individualisation based on specific student needs and should be able to assess student competencies using early prediction models of those competencies. Word embedding approaches from the field of natural language processing show great promise in the ability to encode semantic information that can be leveraged by predictive student models. What this paper adds Investigates word embeddings of assessment question content for reliable early prediction of student performance. Demonstrates the efficacy of distributed word embeddings of assessment questions when used by early prediction models compared to models that use either no assessment information or discrete representations of the questions. Demonstrates the efficacy and generalisability of word embeddings of assessment questions for predicting the performance of both new students on existing questions and existing students on new questions. Implications for practice and/or policy Word embeddings of assessment questions can enhance early prediction models of student knowledge, which can drive adaptive feedback to students who interact with game‐based learning environments. Practitioners should determine if new assessment questions will be developed for their game‐based learning environment, and if so, consider using our student modelling framework that incorporates early prediction models pretrained with existing student responses to previous assessment questions and is generalisable to the new assessment questions by leveraging distributed word embedding techniques. Researchers should consider the most appropriate way to encode the assessment questions in ways that early prediction models are able to infer relationships between the questions and gameplay behaviour to make accurate predictions of student competencies. DA - 2023/1// PY - 2023/1// DO - 10.1111/bjet.13281 VL - 54 IS - 1 SP - 40-57 SN - 1467-8535 KW - game-based learning KW - natural language processing KW - predictive student modelling ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cooperative behavior in the workplace: Empirical evidence from the agent-deed-consequences model of moral judgment AU - Sattler, Sebastian AU - Dubljevic, Veljko AU - Racine, Eric T2 - FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY AB - Introduction Moral judgment is of critical importance in the work context because of its implicit or explicit omnipresence in a wide range of work-place practices. The moral aspects of actual behaviors, intentions, and consequences represent areas of deep preoccupation, as exemplified in current corporate social responsibility programs, yet there remain ongoing debates on the best understanding of how such aspects of morality (behaviors, intentions, and consequences) interact. The ADC Model of moral judgment integrates the theoretical insights of three major moral theories (virtue ethics, deontology, and consequentialism) into a single model, which explains how moral judgment occurs in parallel evaluation processes of three different components: the character of a person (Agent-component); their actions (Deed-component); and the consequences brought about in the situation (Consequences-component). The model offers the possibility of overcoming difficulties encountered by single or dual-component theories. Methods We designed a 2 × 2 × 2-between-subjects design vignette experiment with a Germany-wide sample of employed respondents ( N = 1,349) to test this model. Results Results showed that the Deed-component affects willingness to cooperate in the work context, which is mediated via moral judgments. These effects also varied depending on the levels of the Agent- and Consequences-component. Discussion Thereby, the results exemplify the usefulness of the ADC Model in the work context by showing how the distinct components of morality affect moral judgment. DA - 2023/1/9/ PY - 2023/1/9/ DO - 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1064442 VL - 13 SP - SN - 1664-1078 KW - agent-deed-consequences model KW - moral judgment KW - cooperative behavior KW - teamwork KW - drug misuse KW - survey experiment KW - vignette KW - cognitive enhancement ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perceived Invasiveness and Therapeutic Acceptability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation AU - Twiddy, Jack AU - Hector, Emily C. AU - Dubljević, Veljko T2 - AJOB Neuroscience AB - This article refers to:“They Are Invasive in Different Ways.”: Stakeholders’ Perceptions of the Invasiveness of Psychiatric Electroceutical Interventions DA - 2023/1/2/ PY - 2023/1/2/ DO - 10.1080/21507740.2022.2150710 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2022.2150710 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Kōmeitō in 2021: Strategizing Between the LDP and Sōka Gakkai AU - Klein, Axel AU - McLaughlin, Levi PY - 2023/// DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-11324-6_6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11324-6_6 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The ubiquity of the fallacy of composition in cognitive enhancement and in education AU - Edgren, Nora AU - Dubljević, Veljko T2 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics DA - 2023/2// PY - 2023/2// DO - 10.1007/s11017-022-09595-y UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09595-y KW - Cognitive enhancement KW - Education KW - Fallacy of composition KW - Ethics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Present and Emerging Ethical Issues with tDCS use: A Summary and Review AU - Day, Parker AU - Twiddy, Jack AU - Dubljevic, Veljko T2 - NEUROETHICS DA - 2023/4// PY - 2023/4// DO - 10.1007/s12152-022-09508-9 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - SN - 1874-5504 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-022-09508-9 KW - Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) KW - Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) KW - Non-invasive brain stimulation KW - Public policy ER - TY - CHAP TI - Constitutional Buddhism: Japanese Buddhists and Constitutional Law AU - McLaughlin, Levi T2 - Buddhism and Comparative Constitutional Law A2 - Ginsburg, Tom A2 - Schonthal, Benjamin PY - 2023/// SP - 241–271 PB - Cambridge University Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ethics in human–AI teaming: principles and perspectives AU - Pflanzer, Michael AU - Traylor, Zachary AU - Lyons, Joseph B. AU - Dubljević, Veljko AU - Nam, Chang S. T2 - AI and Ethics AB - Abstract Ethical considerations are the fabric of society, and they foster cooperation, help, and sacrifice for the greater good. Advances in AI create a greater need to examine ethical considerations involving the development and implementation of such systems. Integrating ethics into artificial intelligence-based programs is crucial for preventing negative outcomes, such as privacy breaches and biased decision making. Human–AI teaming (HAIT) presents additional challenges, as the ethical principles and moral theories that provide justification for them are not yet computable by machines. To that effect, models of human judgments and decision making, such as the agent-deed-consequence (ADC) model, will be crucial to inform the ethical guidance functions in AI team mates and to clarify how and why humans (dis)trust machines. The current paper will examine the ADC model as it is applied to the context of HAIT, and the challenges associated with the use of human-centric ethical considerations when applied to an AI context. DA - 2023/8// PY - 2023/8// DO - 10.1007/s43681-022-00214-z UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00214-z ER - TY - JOUR TI - Moral and social ramifications of autonomous vehicles: a qualitative study of the perceptions of professional drivers AU - Dubljević, Veljko AU - Douglas, Sean AU - Milojevich, Jovan AU - Ajmeri, Nirav AU - Bauer, William A. AU - List, George AU - Singh, Munindar P. T2 - Behaviour & Information Technology AB - Artificial intelligence raises important social and ethical concerns, especially about accountability, autonomy, dignity, and justice. We focus on the specific concerns arising from how the emerging autonomous vehicle (AV) technology will affect professional drivers. We posit that we must engage with stakeholders to understand the implications of a technology that will affect the stakeholders’ lives, livelihoods, or wellbeing. We conducted nine in-depth interviews with professional drivers, with at least two years of driving experience, to understand the ethical and societal challenges from the drivers’ perspective during the predicted widespread implementation of AVs. Safety was the most commonly discussed issue, which was mentioned by all drivers (17 times by truck drivers and 18 times by Uber/Lyft drivers). We find that although drivers agree that AVs will significantly impact future transportation systems, they are apprehensive about the prospects of reskilling for other jobs and want their employers to be straightforward in how the introduction of AVs will affect them. Additionally, drivers dismiss the suggestions that driving jobs are unsatisfying and potentially unhealthy and thus should be eliminated. These findings should be considered seriously in decision-making about questions of socioeconomic justice, and could be useful to policymakers as they shape relevant regulations. DA - 2023/7/4/ PY - 2023/7/4/ DO - 10.1080/0144929X.2022.2070078 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2022.2070078 KW - Autonomous vehicles KW - interviews KW - drivers KW - artificial intelligence KW - socioeconomic justice ER -