TY - RPRT TI - Real-time fabric defect detection and control in weaving processes AU - Dorrity, J.L. AU - Vachtsevanos, G. AU - Jasper, W. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 113 SP - 122 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Systemic filling pressure in the intact circulation determined with a slow inflation procedure AU - Den Hartog, E.A. AU - Jansen, J.R.C. AU - Moens, G.H. AU - Versprille, A. T2 - Pflugers Archiv European Journal of Physiology DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 431 IS - 6 SP - 863-867 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029981280&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - CONF TI - Hygiene Issues in Disposable Fabrics AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Industrial Fabrics Meeting C2 - 1996/// CY - Atlanta, GA DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/10/21/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Ultrasound based dye application control AU - Grady, Perry L. AU - Kazmi, Syed Z. AU - Mock, Gary N. AU - Hodge, George L. C2 - 1996/// C3 - ISA TECH/EXPO Technology Update Conference Proceedings DA - 1996/// VL - 51 SP - 1481-1502 M1 - 2 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030377619&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Utilizing Lamarckian evolution and the Baldwin effect in hybrid genetic algorithms AU - Houck, Christopher R AU - Joines, Jeffrey A AU - Kay, Michael G DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Moving beyond the parts incidence matrix: Alternative routings and operations for the cell formation problem AU - Joines, Jeffrey A AU - King, Russell E AU - Culbreth, C Thomas T2 - International Journal of Engineering Design and Automation DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Design of object-oriented simulations in C++ AU - Joines, Jeffrey A. AU - Roberts, Stephen D. AB - An object-oriented simulation (OOS) consisting of a set of object classes written in C++ can be used to create simulation models and packages. The simulations built with these tools possess the benefits of an object-oriented design, including the use of encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, run-time binding, and parameterized typing. These concepts are illustrated by creating a set of object frames which encapsulate simulation requirements. Simulation modeling is contained within a set of modeling frameworks. A network queuing simulation language is developed which has several notable features not available in other non-OOS languages. OOS provides full accessibility to the base language, faster executions, portable models and executables, a multi-vendor programming language, and a growing variety of complementary development tools. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Proceedings of the 28th conference on Winter simulation - WSC '96 DA - 1996/// DO - 10.1145/256562.256574 PB - ACM Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Scheduling arrivals to a production system in a fuzzy environment AU - Stanfield, Paul M. AU - King, Russell E. AU - Joines, Jeff A. T2 - European Journal of Operational Research AB - A frequently encountered scheduling problem is to determine a material and job ready time while simultaneously finding a production sequence given customer-specified due dates. Often the production times and due dates are vague. This paper presents an investigation of scheduling ready times for a set of jobs with fuzzy service times and due dates. The ready time is constrained in that the possibility that a job is late must not exceed a predefined value. The objective in such an instance is to maximize the ready time without violating these constraints. The steps necessary to determine the maximum ready time and cases in which this effort may be significantly reduced are presented for single machine and flow shop production systems. Finally, a branch and bound technique is developed for cases in which the optimal job sequence cannot be determined a priori. DA - 1996/8// PY - 1996/8// DO - 10.1016/0377-2217(95)00117-4 VL - 93 IS - 1 SP - 75-87 KW - scheduling theory KW - fuzzy sets ER - TY - CONF TI - Fracture and fatigue in a 3-D woven carbon fiber/epoxy composite AU - Wigent, D. E. AU - Mohamed, M. H. AU - Fahmy, A. A. C2 - 1996/// C3 - International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition DA - 1996/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preparation and characterization of poly (acrylic acid) / starch polyblend AU - Hebeish, A. AU - Zahran, M. AU - El-Rafie, M. AU - El-Tahlawy, K. T2 - Polymers and Polymer Composites DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 29-142 ER - TY - CONF TI - Real-time data acquisition system for batch dyeing AU - Jasper, W. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Textile Industry Division Symposium DA - 1996/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Integrating total quality management and computer integrated manufacturing in the textile complex AU - Winchester, S. AU - Sigmon, D. AU - Grady, P. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Niches in the world of textiles: papers presented at the World Conference, May 22-24, 1996, Tampere, Finland: the 77th World Conference of the Textile Institute DA - 1996/// SP - 143-166 PB - Manchester, England : Textile Institute SN - 9781870812979 ER - TY - CONF TI - Heat and moisture transfer properties of multi-layer fabric assemblies AU - Barker, R. A2 - Y. Shapiro, D.S. Moran A2 - Epstein, Y. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Environmental ergonomics: recent progress and new frontiers: the 7th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics, Jerusalem, 27 October-1 November, 1996 DA - 1996/// PB - London ; Tel Aviv : Freund Pub. House SN - 9789652941237 ER - TY - CONF TI - Glimpses of thermal bonding AU - Batra, S.K. C2 - 1996/// C3 - INDA-TEC 96: international nonwovens conference: September 11-13, 1996, Hyatt Regency Crystal City, Crystal City, Virginia, USA DA - 1996/// PB - Cary, NC : INDA, Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of biomechanically compliant arterial grafts AU - Mizelle, S AU - Gupta, B T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1996 FIFTEENTH SOUTHERN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE AB - In the current project, the focus has been on designing and producing small diameter woven grafts which have stretch in both the longitudinal and transverse directions and on studying their in vitro performance. For construction of grafts, a model narrow fabric loom was set up. A polyester yarn containing 34 filaments each of 3.2 dtex was used as the warp. For weft insertion, a number of yarns based on polyurethane, differing in size, structure, and composition, and, thus, in properties, were procured. The properties of a woven fabric are known to vary with the denier and the properties of the yarn, the weave design, the weave tightness, and the heat setting treatment used to finish the fabric for the study. Hence, several levels of each of these parameters were incorporated to develop structures (sixty-four). The longitudinal and transverse properties of the grafts so produced were characterized using special in vitro methods and related to the differences In yarn properties and weave construction and tightness. The preliminary results obtained indicate that the grafts have transverse compliance which can be controlled by altering the yarn and fabric construction parameters. The work is in progress and a more complete study is expected to be available at the time of the conference. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1109/sbec.1996.493125 SP - 110-113 ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of an on-line monitoring system for stitch quality AU - Cox, R. AU - K.J., Titus. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Textile Industry Division Symposium DA - 1996/// VL - 1 ER - TY - CONF TI - Application of energy monitoring to the the textile industry AU - Grady, P. AU - Love, C. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Textile Industry Division Symposium DA - 1996/// VL - 1 SP - 49-61 ER - TY - CONF TI - Issues in current methodologies for testing medical textiles AU - McCord, M.G. AU - Zingelmann, J.L. C2 - 1996/// C3 - INDA-TEC 96: international nonwovens conference: September 11-13, 1996, Hyatt Regency Crystal City, Crystal City, Virginia, USA DA - 1996/// PB - Cary, NC : INDA, Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry ER - TY - CONF TI - Integrating total quality management and computer integrated manufacturing in textiles AU - Grady, P. AU - Sigmon, D.L. AU - Winchester, S.C. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Niches in the world of textiles : proceedings DA - 1996/// PB - London: Textile Institute ER - TY - CONF TI - Heat and moisture transfer properties of multilayer fabric assemblies AU - Barker, R. A2 - Y. Shapiro, D.S. Moran A2 - Epstein, Y. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Environmental ergonomics : recent pr DA - 1996/// PB - Tel Aviv : Freund Pub. House SN - 9789652941237 ER - TY - CONF TI - Evaluating an R&D consortium: A metrics-based measurement system for the national textile center AU - Ingle, T. AU - Duncan, G. AU - Winchester, S. AU - Jasper, W. A2 - R. M. Mason, L. A. Lefebvre A2 - Khalil, T. M. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Management of technology V: technology management in a changing world CY - Miami, Florida, USA DA - 1996/// PB - Oxford, U.K. : Elsevier Advanced Technology SN - 9781856173162 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Transfemoral endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm in dogs: Validation of the Cragg Endopro System 1 AU - Formichi, M. AU - Roby, P. AU - Marinov, G.R. AU - Stroman, P. AU - Marois, Y. AU - King, M.W. AU - Silva, A.R. AU - Douville, Y. AU - Guidoin, R. T2 - Journal of Endovascular Therapy DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 3 SP - 462 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Texture characterization and defect detection using adaptive wavelets AU - Jasper, WJ AU - Garnier, SJ AU - Potlapalli, H T2 - OPTICAL ENGINEERING AB - Many textures such as woven fabrics and composites have a regular and repeating texture. This paper presents a new method to capture the texture information using adaptive wavelet bases. Wavelets are compact functions which can be used to generate a multiresolution analysis. Texture constraints are used to adapt the wavelets to better characterize specific textures. An adapted wavelet basis has very high sensitivity to the abrupt changes in the texture structure caused by de- fects. This paper demonstrates how adaptive wavelet basis can be used to locate defects in woven fabrics. © 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumenta- tion Engineers. DA - 1996/11// PY - 1996/11// DO - 10.1117/1.601054 VL - 35 IS - 11 SP - 3140-3149 SN - 0091-3286 KW - texture characterization KW - adaptive wavelet bases KW - defect detection ER - TY - CONF TI - Predicting the knotting performance of surgical sutures AU - King, M.W. AU - Hong, T. AU - Guzman, R.P. AU - Guidoin, R. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Fifth World Biomaterials Congress : May 29-June 2, 1996, Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Toronto, Canada : programme and transactions DA - 1996/// PB - Toronto : University of Toronto Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Finite-element modeling and control of flexible fabric parts AU - Eischen, JW AU - Deng, SG AU - Clapp, TG T2 - IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS AB - Software based on nonlinear shell theory can simulate 3D motions related to real fabric-manufacturing processes. This simulation capability advances the technologies necessary for automating the textile and apparel industries. DA - 1996/9// PY - 1996/9// DO - 10.1109/38.536277 VL - 16 IS - 5 SP - 71-80 SN - 0272-1716 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comprehensive review of production-oriented cell formation techniques AU - Joines, J.A. AU - King, R.E. AU - Culbreth, C.T. T2 - International Journal of Flexible Automation and Integrated Manufacturing DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 3 IS - 3&4 SP - 161–200 ER - TY - CHAP TI - The spinning of silk-like protein fibers AU - Hudson, S. AU - Kaplan, D. AU - McGrath, K. T2 - Protein-based materials A2 - D. Kaplan, A2 - McGrath, K. PY - 1996/// SP - 313-338 PB - Boston: Birkhauser SN - 3764338482 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Cellulose (direct dissolution) AU - Cuculo, J. AU - Aminuddin, N. AU - Hudson, S. M. AU - Wilson, A. AU - Salamone, J. T2 - Polymeric materials encyclopedia PY - 1996/// VL - 2 SP - 1029-1035 PB - Boca Raton: CRC Press SN - 9780849324703 ER - TY - CONF TI - Synovial healing response to synthetic ligamentous fibres implanted in the knee joint of the rat AU - Marois, Y. AU - Delagoutte, J.P. AU - Guidoin, R. C2 - 1996/// C3 - 0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3 DA - 1996/// VL - 3 SP - 339-348 PB - Paris: Romillat SN - 9782878940299 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Physico-chemical principles of color chemistry (1st ed.) AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Peters, A.T. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1007/978-94-009-0091-2 PB - London : Blackie Academic & Professional SE - 299 SN - 9780751402100 ER - TY - PAT TI - Modified nylon fibers AU - Kotek, R. AU - Matthies, H. G. C2 - 1996/// DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// ER - TY - CHAP TI - Heat and moisture transfer of multi-layer fabrics AU - Shalev, I. AU - Barker, R.L. AU - Chen, P.L. T2 - Environmental ergonomics: recent progress and new frontiers A2 - Y. Shapiro, D.S. Moran A2 - Epstein, Y. PY - 1996/// PB - London: Freund SN - 9789652941237 ER - TY - CONF TI - Evaluating the performance of fabrics used in nuclear protective apparel AU - Barker, R. AU - Scruggs, B. A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. AB - The comfort properties of newly developed 100% nylon and 100% polyester fabrics are compared with materials that are currently used in nuclear protective apparel, including a 100% cotton and a polyester/cotton fabric. TheKawabata Evaluation System provided a highly sensitive measure of fabric mechanical and surface properties. A sweating skin model measured heat and moisture transfer properties under various conditions of heat and humidity. Laboratory screening tests were followed by extensive studies to determine actual human reactions to the comfort of the new nylon and control materials and garments. Results of controlled climate chamber wear trials confirmed the overwhelming importance of environmental and work levels on comfort ratings. Before sweat generating exercise and in a moderate environment (21'C, 65%RH), the comfort of nylon coveralls was clearly preferred over identically designed garments made with 100% polyester, and with heavier weight 100% cotton or polyester/cotton fabrics. The comfort rating of all test garments dropped dramatically as wearers were put through an exercise routine, and as test conditions were changed to produce a hot and humid environment (32'C, 90%RH). However, even under more stressful conditions, the comfort of the light weight nylon coverall was preferred over the controls in most cases. The higher absorption capacity of the cotton fabrics was beneficial in comfort comparisons made by the evaluators in a hot and humid environment. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume DA - 1996/// DO - 10.1520/stp14078s PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Environmental chemistry of dyes and pigments AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Reife, A. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// PB - New York: Wiley SE - 329 SN - 9780471589273 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Chemical removal of phosphate ions from disperse dye filtrates AU - Sokolowska-Gajda, J. AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Reife, A. T2 - Environmental chemistry of dyes and pigments A2 - A. Reife, A2 - Freeman, H S. PY - 1996/// SP - 239-251 PB - New York: Wiley SN - 9780471589273 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Carbon adsorption AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Reife, A. T2 - Environmental chemistry of dyes and pigments A2 - A. Reife, A2 - Freeman, H S. PY - 1996/// SP - 3-31 PB - New York: Wiley SN - 9780471589273 ER - TY - CONF TI - Aerosol protective fabrics and their comfort AU - Barker, R. AU - Hersh, S.P. AU - Maini, S.M. AU - Scruggs, B. AU - Sood, V. AU - Tucker, P.A. AU - Wu, G. A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. AB - Protective and conventional fabrics are being investigated with emphasis on comfort as well as aerosol and chemical protection efficacy. Broad assault protection is assessed by measuring aerosol barrier efficiency using aerosolized polystyrene latex spheres and by measuring chemical protection using ASTM Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Penetration by Liquids (F-903) with acetone, methanol and sodium hydroxide solution. Comfort impact is assessed by the permeability index, im, which is the ratio of the thermal to evaporative resistance of the fabric normalized to the same ratio for still air. These data indicate that particulate penetration is a function of fabric structure and particle diameter. They verify the theoretically derived mechanisms by which fabrics trap particles in aerosols: larger particles are trapped by impact with fiber surfaces, while smaller particle penetration is governed by diffusion processes. Results of these tests define a window of opportunity where both barrier efficiency and permeability index might be jointly optimized for the benefit of the wearer. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume DA - 1996/// DO - 10.1520/stp14079s PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Acoustical properties of fabrics in low-intensity ultrasound AU - Datar, GV AU - BanksLee, P AU - Grady, PL T2 - APPLIED ACOUSTICS AB - In utilizing ultrasound to aid in the wet processing (dyeing and washing) of fabrics, it is important to know an effective way of introducing the ultrasound to the fabric. The process of increasing dye transfer from the dye bath to the fabric using ultrasonic energy is a function of the acoustic impedance characteristics of the fabrics. Previous research showed that fabrics transmit less than 4% of incident energy and have negligible absorption of high-intensity ultrasound. The transmission results show a great deal of scatter due to uncontrollable causes. Also, there is no standard method to quantify reflection when high-intensity ultrasound is used. This paper investigates the acoustical properties of fabrics in low-intensity ultrasound. These results are then compared with those obtained for high-intensity ultrasound. Tests showed that fabrics transmit about 15% and reflect about 50% of the low-intensity ultrasound. However, when thoroughly wetted, fabrics transmit 100% low-intensity ultrasound. DA - 1996/4// PY - 1996/4// DO - 10.1016/0003-682X(95)00044-A VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 345-350 SN - 0003-682X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Acoustical characteristics of fabrics in high-intensity ultrasound AU - Datar, GV AU - BanksLee, P AU - Grady, PL T2 - APPLIED ACOUSTICS AB - In utilizing ultrasound to aid in wet processing (dyeing and washing) of fabrics, it is important to know an effective way to introduce the ultrasound to the fabric. The process of increasing dye transfer from the dye bath to the fabric using ultrasonic energy is a function of the acoustic impedance characteristics of the fabrics. A large acoustic impedance mismatch between the dye bath and the fabric implies that the ultrasound is not able to penetrate the fabric. This means that multiple layers of fabric could not be processed in an ultrasound tank without supplying ultrasound to both sides of the fabric. Hence, knowing the reflection, absorption and transmission of the ultrasonic energy at the fabric-water interface will help in determining the fabric processability. There is no published literature on this problem. The purpose of the research presented here is to gain better insight into this interaction. The work shown here is restricted to only the transmission and absorption of high intensity ultrasound through fabrics. DA - 1996/5// PY - 1996/5// DO - 10.1016/0003-682X(95)00045-B VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 33-45 SN - 0003-682X KW - ultrasound KW - fabric dyeing ER - TY - CONF TI - A retrospective analysis of 89 surgically excised explants AU - Poddevin, N. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Cronier, B. AU - Delagoutte, T. C2 - 1996/// C3 - 0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3 DA - 1996/// VL - 3 SP - 313-326 PB - Paris: Romillat SN - 9782878940299 ER - TY - CONF TI - A one-dimensional finite element model of heat transfer through human skin and burn damage assessment AU - Barker, R. AU - Halin, J.J. AU - Mulligan, J.C. AU - Hamouda, H. A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume DA - 1996/// PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - CONF TI - The injured knee: A textile challenge AU - Poddevin, N. AU - King, M.W. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Guidoin, R. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Spring 1996 joint conference: May 13 - 15, 1996, Nassau Inn, Princeton, New Jersey ; book of abstracts. DA - 1996/// PB - Clemson, SC: Fiber Society ER - TY - JOUR TI - The effect of a control ring on the stability of the ring-spinning balloon AU - Fraser, WB AU - Clark, JD AU - Ghosh, TK AU - Zeng, Q T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES AB - In a number of recent papers, the theory of a rotating yarn loop (called a yarn balloon) has been applied to model the operation of the industrially important process of ring spinning, and the exploration of the seven-dimensional solution space of these nonlinear equations has been well begun. In modern ring-spinning machines, the size of the yarn balloon is limited by placing one or more control rings around each spindle. In this paper the theory of these balloon-control rings is further developed, and computational results for a representative ring-spindle geometry, yarn-air-drag and frictional parameters are given. These results show that, in addition to lowering yarn tension, the main effect of the control ring is to greatly extend the region of parameter space over which dynamically stable balloons are formed. Finally, it is shown how the stability boundaries of this multidimensional parameter space can be projected and mapped to make this information useful for the ring-spinning industry. DA - 1996/1/8/ PY - 1996/1/8/ DO - 10.1098/rspa.1996.0003 VL - 452 IS - 1944 SP - 47-62 SN - 1471-2946 ER - TY - CONF TI - In vivo mononuclear cell activation and tissue reaction to electrically conducting polypyrrole treated polyester fabrics AU - Marois, Y. AU - Jakubiec, B. AU - Roy, R. AU - King, M.W. AU - Dao, L.H. AU - Laroche, G. AU - Guidoin, R. C2 - 1996/// C3 - ASAIO Journal DA - 1996/// ER - TY - CONF TI - In vivo comparison of the healing performance and biostability of two monofilament sutures for vascular surgery AU - Mary, C. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Guidoin, R. AU - Laroche, G. AU - King, M.W. AU - Pageau, J.F. AU - Awad, J. C2 - 1996/// C3 - ASAIO Journal DA - 1996/// ER - TY - CONF TI - In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of electrically conducting polypyrrole treated polyester fabrics AU - Jakubiec, B. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Roy, R. AU - Sigot-Luizard, M.F. AU - Dugre, F. AU - Dao, L.H. AU - King, M.W. AU - Laroche, G. AU - Guidoin, R. C2 - 1996/// C3 - ASAIO Journal DA - 1996/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Evaluating an R&D consortium: A metrics-based measurement system for the national textile center AU - Ingle, A. AU - Duncan, G. AU - Jasper, W. A2 - R. M. Mason, L. A. Lefebvre A2 - Khalil, T. M. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Management of technology V: technology management in a changing world: proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Management of Technology, February 27-March 1, 1996 Miami, Forida, USA DA - 1996/// PB - Oxford, U.K.: Elsevier Advanced Technology SN - 9781856173162 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Designing textile structures to repair and replace knee ligaments AU - King, M.W. AU - Poddevin, N. AU - Guidoin, R. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Cronier, B. AU - Belanger, A.Y. AU - Delagoutte, J.P. T2 - Canadian Apparel DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 113 IS - 3 SP - 53-57 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Can collagen impregnated polyester arterial prostheses be recommended as small diameter blood conduits? AU - Guidoin, R AU - Marois, Y AU - Deng, XY AU - Chakfe, N AU - Marois, M AU - Roy, R AU - King, MW AU - Douville, Y T2 - ASAIO JOURNAL AB - A collagen impregnated graft and its parent preclotted prosthesis were implanted as thoraco-abdominal bypasses in dogs for periods ranging from 4 hr to 6 months and evaluated for their ease of handling, imperviousness, and healing behavior in terms of luminal surface thrombogenicity using labeled platelets and fibrinogen, prostacyclin (PGI2) secretion, histomorphometric determination of internal capsule thickness, and histopathologic and scanning electron microscopic studies. The collagen impregnated graft was impervious to blood and both grafts showed excellent handling characteristics. Fibrin uptake was negligible on both grafts; however, platelet uptake was higher on the collagen impregnated graft than on the control graft at 4 and 24 hr. The headling behavior of the collagen impregnated graft was also found to be different than that of the control graft between 1 and 6 months post implantation. The development of a host collagenous internal capsule at the anastomoses, and a confluent endothelial lining, was observed in both grafts at 1 month; in later implantation periods, the healing of the medial region was found to be more irregular in the collagen impregnated grafts, showing a lower mean PGI2 secretion than the preclotted control grafts. Histomorphometric analysis showed the internal capsule on the collagen impregnated grafts to be thicker than on the control grafts for most periods of implantation. The current study illustrates that the healing process of collagen impregnated grafts is delayed and that bovine collagen has a stimulating effect on tissue encapsulation. Current impregnated polyester arterial prostheses therefore cannot be recommended as small diameter blood conduits.ASAIO Journal1996;42:947-983. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1097/00002480-199642060-00010 VL - 42 IS - 6 SP - 974-983 SN - 1538-943X ER - TY - CONF TI - The design of a surface heat flux transducer for use in fabrics thermal protection testing AU - Grimes, R.V. AU - Hamouda, H. AU - Mulligan, J.C. AU - Barker, R.L. AU - Behnke, W.P. AU - Soroka, T. A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. AB - From theoretical considerations, a custom slug calorimeter heat flux transducer was developed for experimental use in the measurement of heat fluxes transferred through layers of fabric to the surface of a human mannequinduring simulated flash fire conditions. This paper describes the determination of the transducer's physical size, its limitations and heat loss considerations, a computer simulation of transducer operation and the evaluation of transient heat flux measurements. The transducer's loss factors were predicted numerically and determined experimentally. The overall performance of the transducer was also examined under varying simulated applied heat flux input. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume DA - 1996/// DO - 10.1520/stp14097s SP - 607-624 PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tenido, estampado y acabado - una evaluacion de lo que vio en la ATME-I '96 AU - Mock, G.N. T2 - Textiles Panamericanos DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 56 IS - 6 SP - 18-22 ER - TY - CONF TI - Protheses du ligament croise anterieur: Importance de la structure textile pour assurer la biofonctionnalite, la biocompatibilite et la biodurabilite AU - Poddevin, N. AU - King, M.W. AU - Guidoin, R. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Cronier, B. AU - Delagoutte, J.P. C2 - 1996/// C3 - 0Actualite?s en biomate?riaux. Volume 3 DA - 1996/// VL - 3 SP - 327-337 PB - Paris: Romillat SN - 9782878940299 ER - TY - CONF TI - On line analysis for dyes over a wide concentration range AU - Li, S. AU - White, B. AU - Tincher, W. C. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Annual international conference and exhibition of AATCC // American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ; 1996 DA - 1996/// SP - 58-67 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Evaluation of DP finishes by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods AU - Beck, K.R. T2 - Modern textile characterization methods PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1201/9780203746684-7 PB - New York: Marcel Dekker SN - 9780824794736 ER - TY - CONF TI - Continuous dyeing of cotton using ultrasound AU - Birla, M. AU - Cato, M.J. AU - Mock, G.N. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Book of papers: 1996 International Conference & Exhibition, September 15-18, Nashville, Tenn. DA - 1996/// SP - 309-322 PB - Research Triangle Park, N.C.: American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ER - TY - CONF TI - A sensitivity study of variable-property skin burn model considering the variability of water contents AU - Halin, J.J. AU - Hamouda, H. AU - Mulligan, J.C. AU - Barker, R.L. AU - Behnke, W.P. AU - Soroka, T. A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. C2 - 1996/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume DA - 1996/// SP - 592-606 PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Solid state transition of pesticide from protective clothing to skin AU - Yang, Y. AU - Li, S. T2 - Performance of protective clothing. Fifth volume A2 - J. S. Johnson, A2 - Mansdorf, S.Z. AB - Frictional transition of pesticide, the transition of the pesticide due to rubbing, from protective clothing to skin was investigated by using an AATCC standard crockmeter. Two herbicides, atrazine and metolachlor, were studied together with three protective clothing materials: cotton, polyester, and polyester/cotton (65/35) blend. Pig skin, with and without hair, was used to simulate human skin for the study of pesticide transition. The effect of water and perspiration on frictional transition of pesticide was also examined. Our experiment showed that up to 38% of the pesticide could transfer from contaminated apparel to the skin throug rubbing. The frictional transition of pesticide from protective clothing to other fabrics may not represent the real transition from protective clothing to skin even though protein textiles are used to imitate skin. PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1520/stp14068s PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803119871 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Genotoxicity of azo dyes: Bases and implications AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Hinks, D. AU - Esancy, J. T2 - Physico-chemical principles of color chemistry A2 - A.T. Peters, A2 - Freeman, H.S. PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1007/978-94-009-0091-2_7 PB - New York: Blackie Academic & Professional SN - 9780751402100 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Polyacrylic acid hydrolyzed starch as recoverable sizing agent AU - Bayazeed, A. AU - El-Rafie, M. AU - El-Tahlawy, K. AU - Hebeish, A. AU - Zahran, M. T2 - Melliand Textilberichte DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 77 IS - 5 SP - 294-296 ER - TY - CONF TI - Dye exhaust vs. dye time: An update of flow injection analysis of package dyeing AU - Beck, K.R. AU - Wallace, M.R. AU - Michele, R. AU - Snyder, W.E. AU - Delden, T. AU - Smith, C.B. AU - Tatjana C2 - 1996/// C3 - Yarn dyeing '96: meeting the challenges: AATCC symposium ; April 18 - 19, 1996, Sea Trail Resort, Sunset Beach, North Carolina DA - 1996/// PB - Research Triangle Park, NC: AATCC ER - TY - JOUR TI - ITMA '95: batch dyeing AU - Beck, K. R. T2 - Textile Chemist and Colorist DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 9-11 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The physical properties of composite yarns produced by an electrostatic filament-charging method AU - Jou, GT AU - East, GC AU - Lawrence, CA AU - Oxenham, W T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - A technique is described for the separation of the individual filaments of a continuous-filament yarn. This involves the yarn's being treated with a small amount of Permalose TM anti-static agent and the induction of electrostatic charges onto the individual filaments. The separated filaments are intermingled with a drafted ribbon of fibres at the front-roller nip of a ring-spinning frame, to produce 20-tex 70/30 cotton/polyester-fibre filament-blended composite yarns in which a degree of mixing between Fibres and filaments was achieved. Cotton ring-spun and the equivalent core-spun yarns were also made to compare their physical properties with those of the composite yarns. Twist, fibre length, and the roving-feeding arrangement were varied to observe their influence on the yarn properties. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1080/00405009608659058 VL - 87 IS - 1 SP - 78-96 SN - 0040-5000 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Measuring fiber orientation in nonwovens .2. Direct tracking AU - Pourdeyhimi, B AU - Ramanathan, R AU - Dent, P T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - , This paper addresses the development of an image analysis technique for direct tracking of fibers in an assembly. The algorithms are evaluated using simulated images presented in an earlier part of the series. The tracking method appears to be extremely efficient in determining fiber orientation distribution in nonwovens regardless of their structural characteristics. DA - 1996/12// PY - 1996/12// DO - 10.1177/004051759606601202 VL - 66 IS - 12 SP - 747-753 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Measuring fiber orientation in nonwovens .1. Simulation AU - Pourdeyhimi, B AU - Ramanathan, R AU - Dent, R T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - In nonwovens, fiber orientation is an important characteristic because it directly influences the properties of the material. In a series of papers, we plan to explore the viability of image analysis algorithms for characterizing fiber orientation. In the first part of this series, we present a simulation scheme to produce images to test these different algorithms. As part of the series, we will present a direct tracking method in Part II, as well as Fourier and flow field analyses in subsequent parts for characterizing fiber orientation. DA - 1996/11// PY - 1996/11// DO - 10.1177/004051759606601107 VL - 66 IS - 11 SP - 713-722 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improving the bulk of worsted yarns part 2: Simultaneous bulking and spinning AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Mahmoudi, M. R. T2 - Journal of the Textile Institute DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 97 IS - 3 SP - 44-48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improving the bulk of worsted yarns part 1: A basic bulking method AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Mahmoudi, M. R. T2 - Journal of the Textile Institute DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 97 IS - 3 SP - 438-443 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ITMA '95: Preparation equipment AU - Mock, G. N. T2 - Textile Chemist and Colorist DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 22-23 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dilative characteristics of Microvel and Vasculour-II aortic bifurcation grafts AU - Nunn, D. B. AU - Carter, M. M. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 30 IS - 41-46 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A short history on fiber reactive dyes AU - Mock, G. N. T2 - Textile Chemist and Colorist DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 28 IS - 11 SP - 10-11 ER - TY - JOUR TI - New system for improved denim dyeing AU - Hauser, P. AU - Bairathi, A. T2 - American Dyestuff Reporter DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 85 IS - 8 SP - 55 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In vivo characterization of a fluoropassivated gelatin-impregnated polyester mesh for hernia repair AU - Mendes-Soares, B. AU - Guidoin, R. G. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Martin, L. AU - KING, Martin W. AU - Laroche, G. AU - Zhang, Z. AU - Charara, J. AU - Girard, J. F. T2 - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199611)32:3<293::aid-jbm2>3.3.co;2-o VL - 32 SP - 293–305 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In vitro characterization of a fluoropassivated gelatin-impregnated polyester mesh for hernia repair AU - Soares, BM AU - King, MW AU - Marois, Y AU - Guidoin, RG AU - Laroche, G AU - Charara, J AU - Girard, JF T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH AB - The surgical management of abdominal hernias requires prosthetic grafting in situations where the defect is too large or the surrounding tissue is not available for repair. Flat patches made of different biomaterials have been used in textile or microporous forms. The present work describes the results of an in vitro study comparing the morphological, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of a new textile prototype, Fluoropassiv®, made of polyester fibers treated with a fluoropolymer and impregnated with gelatin to those of seven existing commercial meshes and patches made from polypropylene, polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yarns, and expanded microporous PTFE graft. The morphological study revealed a diversity of structures having a minimal relative porosity of 70%, high bursting, and suture retention strengths in comparison with natural muscular tissue. Elasticmoduli proved to depend more on the direction of the textile: the rigidity was higher for those materials having tight structure, like the Fluoropassiv® and the Surgipro™ meshes (>30 MPa), whereas those with more open structures, such as the Marlex®, Trelex®, Lars®, Bard Teflon®, and Gore-Tex® structures, showed lower elastic modulus (10 mPa). In addition, chemical analyses confirmed no irregularities in the polymers used in all prostheses and demonstrated that the fluoropolymer coating of the Fluoropassiv® was uniformly distributed. The innovative aspects in the construction of the knitted fabric Fluoropassiv® appears to make it suitable for repairing hernias, and the inclusion of both continuous fluoropolymer surface treatment of polyester fibers and gelatin impregnation appears to improve the healing process. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. DA - 1996/10// PY - 1996/10// DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199610)32:2<259::AID-JBM16>3.0.CO;2-E VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 259-270 SN - 0021-9304 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Formaldehyde-free zein fiber. Preparation and investigation AU - Yang, Y. AU - Wang, L. AU - Li, S. T2 - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AB - A novel dry-spinning method for the preparation of zein fiber without using formaldehyde is presented. The fiber thus obtained had good stability to boiling aqueous acetic acid solution with breaking tenacity and elongation of 1.0 g/d and 30%, respectively. Citric acid and butanetetracarboxylic acid were used as nonformaldehyde crosslinking agents for the preparation of zein fiber successfully. Using polycarboxylic acids have advantages such as no toxicity and low sensitivity to the variation of processing conditions over formaldehyde containing stabilizers. The effects of crosslinking before and after stretching on improvement of fiber properties were discussed. Fiber morphological structure was also examined by means of wide angle x-ray diffraction and sonic velocity. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960118)59:3<433::aid-app7>3.0.co;2-q VL - 59 IS - 3 SP - 433-441 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Devices for on-line assessment of nonwovens' basis weights and structures AU - Veerabadran, R AU - Davis, HA AU - Batra, SK AU - Bullerwell, AC T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Two devices for quantifying the basis weight and fiber orientation distribution func tion in nonwoven webs have been developed and studied. The basis weight device measures the attenuation of a light beam by the fabric. The particular device is im plemented, calibrated, and tested at speeds up to 400 m/min. By statistical analysis, this device is accurate enough to use with fabrics that are three or more times less variable than current commercial nonwovens. The device for quantifying web structure measures the orientation distribution function of a static sample by light scattering, and it is sensitive enough to detect subtle differences in spunbonded webs produced with different filament-dispersing hardware. An anisotropy ratio calculated from mea sured orientation distribution functions correlates well with fabric tensile properties. DA - 1996/4// PY - 1996/4// DO - 10.1177/004051759606600412 VL - 66 IS - 4 SP - 257-264 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chemical and morphological analysis of explanted polyurethane vascular prostheses: The challenge of removing fixed adhering tissue AU - Zhang, Z. AU - KING, Martin W. AU - How, T. V. AU - Laroche, G. AU - Guidoin, R. G. T2 - Biomaterials AB - During in vivo experiments to evaluate the biocompatibility and biostability of alternative biomaterials, the ideal protocol for the handling and preservation of the explanted material is often compromised in order to meet the needs of both the pathologist and the materials scientist. Expiants surrounded by tissue are often fixed in formalin or glutaraldehyde to facilitate later pathological and histological analysis, but the subsequent removal of such fixed tissue from thermally sensitive and less chemically stable polymers, such as polyurethanes, poses major problems for the materials scientist, who does not wish to modify the chemical, physical or morphological characteristics of the underlying biomaterial. The present study has attempted to find a solution to this problem by exposing virgin specimens of the microporous polyurethane Vascugraft® vascular prosthesis to six different cleaning conditions, all known to be effective in removing fixed tissue. These conditions included the use of 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution for 48 h at room temperature, 5% sodium bicarbonate solution for 5 min at the boil, and 9, 10, 11 and 12 n hydrochloric acid for 48 h at room temperature. The appearance and chemical properties of the virgin and treated specimens were compared using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography for molecular weight and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The use of temperatures close to the boil resulted in the formation of a translucent, rubbery material with gross changes in the microporous and microfibrous structure. The strongly acidic and alkaline conditions caused a loss in the surface carbonate group content. In addition, 12 n hydrochloric acid reduced the molecular weight and urethane content. Consequently, 9 n hydrochloric acid is recommended as the cleaning agent of choice for removing fixed tissue from this type of microporous polyurethane. Control experiments on virgin material should also be included in any cleaning protocol. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(95)00246-4 VL - 17 SP - 1843–1848 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An automated torsion balance for the investigation of microstructure of single filaments: Polypropylene AU - McCord, Marian AU - Ellison, M. S. T2 - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AB - The tensile properties of filaments have been related to fiber microstructure in numerous studies over several decades. However, there have been relatively few attempts to relate shear modulus to microstructure: most of the work on shear properties of filaments was done over 20 years ago. Since then, there have been advances in instrumentation and polymer technology. We present a review of the literature in these areas. We report the construction of a fully automated torsion balance and its efficacy in an investigation of the relationship between polypropylene (PP) fiber microstructure and shear modulus. This work lays the foundation for a definitive research program into microstructure/shear properties' interrelationships in fibers. Our torsion test apparatus is an enhanced implementation of the simple torsion balance. Data acquisition and test parameters are completely controlled by a microcomputer. Raw data from digital position encoders is converted into torquetwist data, which is then presented to a statistical program to determine the initial shear modulus of the filament. Torsion testing was performed on six PP fiber samples. It was found that the shear modulus of the filaments increased with an increase in amorphous orientation, but that in a filament with a radially differentiated structure, the relationship is biased by the modulus of the outer portion of the filament. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960711)61:2<293::aid-app12>3.0.co;2-5 VL - 61 SP - 293–306 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An albumin-coated polyester arterial graft: In vivo assessment of biocompatibility and healing characteristics AU - Marois, Y AU - Chakfe, N AU - Guidoin, R AU - Duhamel, RC AU - Roy, R AU - Marois, M AU - King, MW AU - Douville, Y T2 - BIOMATERIALS AB - The albumin-coated vascular graft (ACG) and its uncoated polyester substrate, the Vascular® II (V-II), were evaluated in terms of biocompatibility and biofunctionality using two in vivo animal studies. Biocompatibility and immunoreactivity were assessed by implanting intraperitoneally in the rat small segments of the ACG and the V-II graft and harvesting them with their surrounding tissue 3d, 1, 2 and 4 weeks later. Cytofluorometric determination of total T cells (CD3), the ratio of CD4CD8 subsets and the percentage of IL-2 receptor-positive T cells in the peripheral blood has revealed that no significant difference in any of the T cell populations was found between the ACG and the V-II graft. The cellular reactivity of the ACG in terms of acid phosphatase activity at the implant side was significantly greater at 3d but not at longer periods. Biofunctionality was evaluated by implanting both grafts as a thoracoabdominal vascular bypass in dogs for 11 different periods ranging from 4 h to 6 months. The rate of albumin resorption was such that traces were still present at 1 month, but no longer observable at 2 months. Tissue incorporation into the graft wall was earlier for the V-II (2 weeks) than for the ACG (4 weeks), which showed complete encapsulation, tissue incorporation and endothelialization after 2 months in vivo. Only small differences were observed between both grafts in terms of platelet and fibrin uptake on the luminal surface. The prostacyclin/thromboxane A2 ratio increased to a level higher that 1.0 aorta within 1 month for the V-II and 4 months for the ACG. In conclusion, the Bard ACG has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility in terms of blood T cell behaviour and acid phosphatase activity at the implant site. Finally, its healing response is equivalent to that of the uncoated Dacron® prosthesis once the albumin coating has been resorbed. DA - 1996/1// PY - 1996/1// DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(96)80749-6 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 3-14 SN - 1878-5905 KW - vascular prostheses KW - polyester KW - albumin KW - blood conduit ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthetic dyes based on environmental considerations .2. Iron complexed formazan dyes AU - SokolowskaGajda, J AU - Freeman, HS AU - Reife, A T2 - DYES AND PIGMENTS AB - This paper is concerned with the synthesis and evaluation of some 1:2 iron complexed formazan dyes for use on wool and nylon. The chemical structures of these new dyes were confirmed with the aid of negative ion FAB mass spectrometry, a technique which also proved instrumental in establishing the nature of the products obtained when unsymmetrical 1:2 iron complexed formazan dyes were synthetic targets. It is clear from the fastness properties obtained that certain of the title compounds could have utility in applications requiring high hightfastness. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1016/0143-7208(95)00048-8 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 1-20 SN - 0143-7208 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Manufacturing cell design: An integer programming model employing genetic algorithms AU - Joines, J. AU - Culbreth, C. T. AU - King, R. E. T2 - IIE Transactions AB - The design of a cellular manufacturing system requires that a part population, at least minimally described by its use of process technology (part/machine incidence matrix), be partitioned into part families and that the associated plant equipment be partitioned into machine cells. At the highest level, the objective is to form a set of completely autonomous units such that inter-cell movement of parts is minimized. We present an integer program that is solved using a genetic algorithm (GA) to assist in the design of cellular manufacturing systems. The formulation uses a unique representation scheme for individuals (part/machine partitions) that reduces the size of the cell formation problem and increases the scale of problems that can be solved. This approach offers improved design flexibility by allowing a variety of evaluation functions to be employed and by incorporating design constraints during cell formation. The effectiveness of the GA approach is demonstrated on several problems from the literature. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1080/07408179608966253 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 69–85 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of cotton fiber blending and processing on HVI measurements - part I and II T2 - Textile Research Journal DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// VL - 66 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comparison of genetic algorithms, random restart, and two-opt switching for solving large location-allocation problems AU - Houck, C. R. AU - Joines, J. A. AU - Kay, M. G. T2 - Computers & Operations Research AB - This paper examines the application of a genetic algorithm used in conjunction with a local improvement procedure for solving the location-allocation problem, a traditional multifacility location problem. This problem is difficult to solve using traditional optimization techniques because of its multimodal, nonconvex nature. The alternate location-allocation (ALA) method has been shown to be an effective local improvement procedure for the location-allocation problem. Using the ALA method, an empirical analysis was done to determine the number and size of the local minima of the location-allocation problem to demonstrate the reduction of the size of the search space that can be achieved through the use of the ALA method as an evaluator. A genetic algorithm that evaluates a series of ALA solutions was developed and compared to two traditional heuristic procedures for the problem: random restart and H4, a two-opt procedure. Like the genetic algorithm, both procedures evaluate a series of ALA solutions. A statistical analysis of the quality of the solutions provided by the three procedures for several problems of varying size demonstrated that the genetic algorithm provides the best solutions. An examination of the number of ALA evaluations performed by each procedure showed that the genetic algorithm also found solutions to the larger size problems much quicker than either the random restart or the H4 procedures. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1016/0305-0548(95)00063-1 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 587–596 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Selecting valid in vitro biocompatibility tests that predict the in vivo healing response of synthetic vascular prostheses AU - Marois, Y. AU - Guidoin, R. G. AU - Roy, R. AU - Vidovsky, T. AU - Jakubiec, B. AU - Sigot-Luizard, M. F. AU - Braybrook, J. AU - Merhi, Y. AU - Laroche, G. AU - KING, Martin W. AU - al. T2 - BIOMATERIALS AB - We have investigated the usefulness of six in vitro biocompatibility tests in predicting the healing performance of polyester vascular prostheses as observed in previous canine in vivo trials. Vascular grafts were evaluated by using (i) a direct contact (DC) assay, (ii) an extract dilution (ED) assay on murine fibroblast cells, (iii) a DC assay on endothelial cells, (iv) a complement activation study, (v) a leucocyte activation study of CD18 integrin subunit expression on human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and (vi) interleukin-2 receptor expression on lymphocytes. Uncleaned polyester grafts had previously been associated with poor healing and gelatin-impregnated polyester grafts with delayed but satisfactory healing, whereas commercially cleaned polyester grafts had demonstrated excellent healing. Lightweight and heavyweight knitted and woven polyester grafts supplied specifically for this project were studied, each with a different surface condition, i.e. commercially available (CP), uncleaned (UP) and impregnated with gelatin (GP). The UP grafts induced fibroblast cytotoxicity according to the ED assay, poor migration and viability of endothelial cells, and an elevated expression of CD18 and interleukin-2 receptor on PMNs and lymphocytes, respectively. In contrast, the CP grafts promoted good endothelial cell growth, no evidence of cytotoxicity and a weaker cell activation, and the GP grafts were found to be non-cytotoxic, to exhibit a good cellular response and to moderate cell activation. The complement activation assay and the DC assay on fibroblasts were found to be less useful and less discriminating. From this, it is concluded that the two cell activation measurements, the DC assay on endothelial cells and ED assay on fibroblasts, are useful in predicting the in vivo healing response of arterial polyester substitutes. DA - 1996/10// PY - 1996/10// DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(95)00245-6 VL - 17 IS - 19 SP - 1835-1842 SN - 0142-9612 KW - biocompatibility KW - vascular prostheses KW - cell culture KW - endothelial cells ER - TY - JOUR TI - Vascugraft(R) microporous polyesterurethane arterial prosthesis as a thoraco-abdominal bypass in dogs AU - Marois, Y AU - Paris, E AU - Zhang, Z AU - Doillon, CJ AU - King, MW AU - Guidoin, RG T2 - BIOMATERIALS DA - 1996/7// PY - 1996/7// DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(96)88674-1 VL - 17 IS - 13 SP - 1289-1300 SN - 1878-5905 KW - vascular prostheses KW - polyesterurethane KW - thoraco-abdominal bypass KW - biocompatibility KW - biostability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Efficiency of an external support to reduce lipid infiltration into venous grafts: In vitro evaluation AU - Deng, X. AU - Marois, Y. AU - Guidoin, R. AU - Merhi, Y. AU - Stroman, P. AU - KING, Martin W. AU - Douville, Y. T2 - Artificial Organs AB - Abstract: Excessive distension of venous grafts due to arterial pressure enhances the convective water transport (filtration flow) through the vessel wall, and thus might affect the infiltration of macromolecules such as lipoproteins. In this paired experimental study, filtration velocities were measured at 100 mm Hg for canine jugular veins with or without external supports of expanded poly‐tetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) arterial prostheses. In addition, to assess the effect of filtration velocity on lipid infiltration or uptake, canine jugular veins were wrapped over half of their lengths with ePTFE arterial prostheses and perfused with dog serum containing 3 H‐cholesterol at a pressure of 100 mm Hg. At 100 mm Hg, the average filtration velocity of the wrapped jugular veins was 7.9 ± 1.3 ± 10 ‐6 cm/s whereas the average filtration velocity of the unwrapped veins was 27.3 ± 2.7 ± 10 ‐6 cm/s (p < 0.005). Moreover, the unwrapped veins had a significantly higher uptake rate of labeled cholesterol than the wrapped veins (10.9 ± 7.3 ± 10 ‐4 cm/h and 5.0 ± 1.6 ± 10 ‐4 cm/h, respectively, p < 0.005). In conclusion, under arterial pressure, veins experience excessive distention, which leads to significant increases in both filtration flow and cholesterol uptake. An external wrap or support of ePTFE material protects veins from excessive distension and thus may prevent atherosclerosis in venous grafts by reducing cholesterol uptake. DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// DO - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1996.tb00662.x VL - 20 SP - 1208–1214 ER - TY - PAT TI - Sewing machine having presser bar system for maintaining constant contact force between presser foot and fabric AU - Clapp, T. G. AU - Barrett, G. R. C2 - 1996/// DA - 1996/// PY - 1996/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - On-line color monitoring in continuous textile dyeing AU - Kazmi, SZ AU - Grady, FL AU - Mock, GN AU - Hodge, GL T2 - ISA TRANSACTIONS AB - This paper describes how on-line color monitoring could be used as part of an ultrasound enhanced continuous textile dyeing system. The current state-of-the-art of color measurement and control in textile manufacturing is reviewed. The use of ultrasound in a closed-loop dyeing system is proposed. The current status of on-line color monitoring which would be required is presented. Some possible solutions to measuring the color of wet fabric have been developed. DA - 1996/5// PY - 1996/5// DO - 10.1016/0019-0578(96)00005-5 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 33-43 SN - 0019-0578 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030147685&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - advanced controls KW - color KW - control systems KW - instrumentation KW - measurement KW - moisture measurement KW - sensors ER -