TY - JOUR TI - ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS OF INSECT GENETICS AND GENOMICS AU - Ali, M.A. AU - Abdellah, I.M. AU - Eletmany, M.R. T2 - Chelonian Conservation and Biology DA - 2022/6/30/ PY - 2022/6/30/ DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.18011/2022.04(1).80.97 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 80–87 UR - https://www.acgpublishing.com/index.php/CCB/article/view/64 N1 - Retrieved from RN - Retrieved from ER - TY - CONF TI - Virtual Hands-on Learning–The development of an online engineering design course with a virtual product inspection portal C2 - 2022/8/23/ C3 - American Society for Engineering Education DA - 2022/8/23/ UR - https://peer.asee.org/collections/2022-asee-annual-conference-exposition ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of near-infrared fluorescent nanosensors for the detection of COVID-19 disinfectants AU - Dewey, Hannah AU - Jones, Jaron AU - Hall, Shelby AU - Sultana, Nigar AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, Januka T2 - ACS Spring National Meeting C2 - 2022/// C3 - ACS Spring National Meeting CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/3/20/ ER - TY - CHAP TI - Development of Optical Nanosensors for pH Measurements in Model Biofluids AU - Sultana, N. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, J. T2 - The 10th annual Triangle Student Research Competition (TSRC) PY - 2022/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Optical Nanosensors for the Detection of Quaternary Ammonium Compound Disinfectants AU - Dewey, H. AU - Jones, J. AU - Lucas, S. AU - Sultana, N. AU - Hall, S. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, J. T2 - Comparative Medicine Institute C2 - 2022/// C3 - Comparative Medicine Institute CY - Raleigh, NC DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of Optical Nanosensors for the Detection of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) AU - Dewey, H. AU - Jones, J. AU - Lucas, S. AU - Sultana, N. AU - Hall, S. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, J. T2 - ACS Spring National Meeting C2 - 2022/// C3 - ACS Spring National Meeting CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/3/20/ ER - TY - CONF TI - A new pH meter based on Nanomaterials AU - Sultana, N. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, J. T2 - Research Open House C2 - 2022/// C3 - Research Open House CY - Raleigh, NC DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Developing Carbon Nanotube-based pH Sensor AU - Sultana, N. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, J. T2 - ACS Spring National Meeting C2 - 2022/// C3 - ACS Spring National Meeting CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/3/20/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Minimizing Molecular Misidentification in Imaging Low-Abundance Protein Interactions Using Spectroscopic Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy AU - Zhang, Yang AU - Wang, Gaoxiang AU - Huang, Peizhou AU - Sun, Edison AU - Kweon, Junghun AU - Li, Qianru AU - Zhe, Ji AU - Ying, Leslie L. AU - Zhang, Hao F. T2 - Analytical Chemistry AB - Super-resolution microscopy can capture spatiotemporal organizations of protein interactions with resolution down to 10 nm; however, the analyses of more than two proteins involving low-abundance protein are challenging because spectral crosstalk and heterogeneities of individual fluorescent labels result in molecular misidentification. Here we developed a deep learning-based imaging analysis method for spectroscopic single-molecule localization microscopy to minimize molecular misidentification in three-color super-resolution imaging. We characterized the 3-fold reduction of molecular misidentification in the new imaging method using pure samples of different photoswitchable fluorophores and visualized three distinct subcellular proteins in U2-OS cell lines. We further validated the protein counts and interactions of TOMM20, DRP1, and SUMO1 in a well-studied biological process, Staurosporine-induced apoptosis, by comparing the imaging results with Western-blot analyses of different subcellular portions. DA - 2022/10/11/ PY - 2022/10/11/ DO - 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02417 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02417 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Experimental Parameters-Based Monte-Carlo Simulation of Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy of Nuclear Pore Complex to Evaluate Clustering Algorithms AU - Yeo, Wei-Hong AU - Zhang, Yang AU - Neely, Amy E. AU - Bao, Xiaomin AU - Sun, Cheng AU - Zhang, Hao F. AB - Abstract Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables the detailed visualization of nuclear pore complexes (NPC) in vitro with sub-20 nm resolution. However, it is challenging to translate the localized coordinates in SMLM images to NPC functions because different algorithms to cluster localizations as individual NPCs can be biased without ground truth for validation. We developed a Monte-Carlo simulation to generate synthetic SMLM images of NPC and used the simulated NPC images as the ground truth to evaluate the performance of six clustering algorithms. We identified HDBSCAN as the optimal clustering algorithm for NPC counting and sizing. Furthermore, we compared the clustering results between the experimental and synthetic data for NUP133, a subunit in the NPC, and found them to be in good agreement. DA - 2022/9/22/ PY - 2022/9/22/ DO - 10.1101/2022.09.21.508613 UR - https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.21.508613 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Low-Cost, Open Source Wireless Body Area Network for Clinical Gait Rehabilitation AU - Twiddy, Jack AU - Peterson, Kaila AU - Maddocks, Grace AU - MacPherson, Ryan AU - Pimentel, Ricky AU - Yates, Max AU - Armitano-Lago, Cortney AU - Kiefer, Adam AU - Pietrosimone, Brian AU - Franz, Jason AU - Daniele, Michael T2 - 2022 IEEE SENSORS AB - Wearable inertial sensors represent an opportunity to enable gait monitoring and feedback-based rehabilitation in real-world environments. Here, we describe the development of an inexpensive I MU-based wireless body area network capable of recording 9-axis motion data from 8 sites on the body simultaneously. This system can generate data comparable to existing commercial sensor networks and can distinguish varying loading conditions observed during real-time biofeedback-based human subject testing. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.1109/SENSORS52175.2022.9967362 SP - SN - 1930-0395 KW - wearable KW - wireless body area network KW - inertial measurement unit KW - gait rehabilitation KW - biomechanics KW - vertical KW - ground reaction force ER - TY - JOUR TI - Real-Time Monitoring of Plant Stalk Growth Using a Flexible Printed Circuit Board Sensor AU - Twiddy, Jack AU - Taggart, Matthew AU - Reynolds, James AU - Sharkey, Chris AU - Rufty, Thomas AU - Lobaton, Edgar AU - Bozkurt, Alper AU - Daniele, Michael T2 - 2022 IEEE SENSORS AB - Monitoring of plant growth within agriculture is essential for ensuring the survival of crops and optimization of resources in the face of environmental and industrial challenges. Herein, we describe a low-cost and easily deployable flexible circuit board sensor for measurement of plant stalk growth, providing for remote tracking of plant development on an industrial scale. Three circuit topologies and measurement strategies - “ladder-type,” “multiplex-type,” and “mixed-type” - are initially assessed off-plant in a simulated growth experiment. Further development of the “multiplex-type” sensor and on-plant validation demonstrates its ability to quantify stalk growth as a proxy for plant development. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.1109/SENSORS52175.2022.9967167 SP - SN - 1930-0395 KW - Plant growth KW - circumferential sensor KW - mechanical sensing KW - multiplexer KW - crop monitoring KW - maize KW - electrode array ER - TY - JOUR TI - Highly smooth, robust, degradable and cost-effective modified lignin-nanocellulose green composite substrates for flexible and green electronics AU - Jia, Dongmei AU - Xie, Jingyi AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Fang, Dongjun AU - Yan, Chaoyi AU - Liu, Yi AU - Li, Chunxing AU - Cui, Meng AU - Liu, Hao AU - Chen, Gang AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Tao, Jinsong T2 - COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING AB - Cellulose-based substrates have emerged as strong candidates for flexible and green electronics to impede e-waste generation and fulfill device functions. However, current cellulose-related substrates are incapable to ensure both high performance and low-cost requirements. Here, we developed high-performance, low-cost, and eco-friendly green composite substrates for flexible and green electronics. The green composite substrates were constructed by two natural components of lignin and nanocellulose derived from wood. Through pretreatments of dialysis fraction and epoxidation modification, lignin's heterogeneous structure and moderate surface activity were remarkably improved. The two components exhibit excellent compatibility, and the regenerated substrates demonstrate plastic-like high performance and paper-like degradability, showing low surface roughness (4.68 nm), high ultimate tensile stress (146 MPa) and elastic modulus (16.16 GPa), high transmittance (59.57%@750 nm), and prominent thermal, electrical stability and flame retardancy. After lignin pretreatments, the ultimate tensile stress was vastly increased by 554%. And modified lignin can be added with an ultra-high loading amount (up to 50 wt%), which significantly reduces substrate cost. Consequently, RFID antennas were fabricated on these substrates, which demonstrate distinctive degradability. This study provides a sustainable approach to utilize lignin and cellulose to produce value-added green composites. This work presents a promising route for traditional electronics to replace non-degradable plastics to head towards flexible and green electronics to reduce e-waste generation. DA - 2022/5/1/ PY - 2022/5/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109803 VL - 236 SP - SN - 1879-1069 KW - Nanocellulose KW - Lignin KW - Green composites KW - Electronic solid waste KW - Flexible and green electronics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Voltage-tunable surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates based on electroactive polymeric membranes containing plasmonic nanoparticles AU - Sharma, Yashna AU - Dakmak, Enes AU - Yuan, Hsiang-Kuo AU - Garcia, Roberto AU - Batchelor, Dale AU - Vo-dinh, Tuan AU - Ghosh, Tushar AU - Dhawan, Anuj T2 - OPTICS CONTINUUM AB - We describe voltage-controlled surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates in which the SERS-signals can be actively modulated by applying voltage. These SERS-substrates employ a dielectric electroactive polymer (D-EAP) membrane with a pair of electrically-actuated active regions. When these regions are simultaneously activated, they produce an in-plane contractile strain in the regions of the D-EAP where SERS dye-coated nanoparticles are placed. We demonstrate that SERS-signals from dye-coated silver nanoparticles, deposited on the D-EAP membrane, increases by ∼100% upon application of an actuating voltage. Upon removal of the voltage, actuated active-areas move towards their original positions, leading to a decrease in the SERS-signals. DA - 2022/12/15/ PY - 2022/12/15/ DO - 10.1364/OPTCON.455460 VL - 1 IS - 12 SP - 2426-2433 SN - 2770-0208 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carbon-Based Ternary Nanocomposite: Bullet Type ZnO-SWCNT-CuO for Substantial Solar-Driven Photocatalytic Decomposition of Aqueous Organic Contaminants AU - Shrestha, Santu AU - Sapkota, Kamal Prasad AU - Lee, Insup AU - Islam, Md Akherul AU - Pandey, Anil AU - Gyawali, Narayan AU - Akter, Jeasmin AU - Mohan, Harshavardhan AU - Shin, Taeho AU - Jeong, Sukmin AU - Hahn, Jae Ryang T2 - MOLECULES AB - A facile two-step synthesis of ternary hetero-composites of ZnO, CuO, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was developed through a recrystallization process followed by annealing. A series of nanocomposites were prepared by varying the weight ratio of copper(II) acetate hydrate and zinc(II) acetate dihydrate and keeping the weight ratio of SWCNTs constant. The results revealed the formation of heterojunctions (ZnO-SWCNT-CuO, ZSC) of three crystal structures adjacent to each other, forming a ternary wurtzite-structured nanoparticles along with defects. Enhanced charge separation (electron-hole pairs), reduced band gap, defect-enhanced specific surface area, and promoted oxidation potential were key factors for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the ternary nanocomposites. OH• radicals were the main active species during dye degradation, and O2-• and h+ were also involved to a lesser extent. A type II heterojunction mechanism approach is proposed based on the charge carrier migration pattern. Among the synthesized nanocomposites, the sample prepared using copper(II) acetate hydrate and zinc(II) acetate dihydrate in a 1: 9 ratio (designated a ZSC3) showed the highest photocatalytic activity. ZSC3 achieved 99.2% photodecomposition of methylene blue in 20 min, 94.1% photodecomposition of Congo red in 60 min, and 99.6% photodecomposition of Rhodamine B in 40 min under simulated sunlight. Additionally, ZSC3 showed excellent reusability and stability, maintaining 96.7% of its activity even after five successive uses. Based on overall results, the ZSC sample was proposed as an excellent candidate for water purification applications. DA - 2022/12// PY - 2022/12// DO - 10.3390/molecules27248812 VL - 27 IS - 24 SP - SN - 1420-3049 KW - ternary hetero-composite KW - photocatalyst KW - dual Z scheme KW - heterojunction KW - organic dyes KW - carbon-based photocatalyst ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adhesive free, conformable and washable carbon nanotube fabric electrodes for biosensing AU - Hossain, Md. Milon AU - Li, Braden M. M. AU - Sennik, Busra AU - Jur, Jesse S. S. AU - Bradford, Philip D. D. T2 - NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AB - Abstract Skin-mounted wearable electronics are attractive for continuous health monitoring and human-machine interfacing. The commonly used pre-gelled rigid and bulky electrodes cause discomfort and are unsuitable for continuous long-term monitoring applications. Here, we design carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based electrodes that can be fabricated using different textile manufacturing processes. We propose woven and braided electrode design using CNTs wrapped textile yarns which are highly conformable to skin and measure a high-fidelity electrocardiography (ECG) signal. The skin-electrode impedance analysis revealed size-dependent behavior. To demonstrate outstanding wearability, we designed a seamless knit electrode that can be worn as a bracelet. The designed CNT-based dry electrodes demonstrated record high signal-to-noise ratios and were very stable against motion artifacts. The durability test of the electrodes exhibited robustness to laundering and practicality for reusable and sustainable applications. DA - 2022/12/9/ PY - 2022/12/9/ DO - 10.1038/s41528-022-00230-3 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - SN - 2397-4621 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fiber/Yarn-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs): Fabrication Strategy, Structure, and Application AU - Chen, Yu AU - Ling, Yali AU - Yin, Rong T2 - SENSORS AB - With the demand of a sustainable, wearable, environmentally friendly energy source, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) were developed. TENG is a promising method to convert mechanical energy from motion into electrical energy. The combination of textile and TENG successfully enables wearable, self-driving electronics and sensor systems. As the primary unit of textiles, fiber and yarn become the focus of research in designing of textile-TENGs. In this review, we introduced the preparation, structure, and design strategy of fiber/yarn TENGs in recent research. We discussed the structure design and material selection of fiber/yarn TENGs according to the different functions it realizes. The fabrication strategy of fiber/yarn TENGs into textile-TENG are provided. Finally, we summarize the main applications of existing textile TENGs and give forward prospects for their subsequent development. DA - 2022/12// PY - 2022/12// DO - 10.3390/s22249716 VL - 22 IS - 24 SP - SN - 1424-8220 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249716 KW - triboelectric nanogenerator KW - fiber KW - yarn KW - fabrication KW - smart textile KW - sensor KW - energy harvesting ER - TY - JOUR TI - Facile Preparation of a Bispherical Silver-Carbon Photocatalyst and Its Enhanced Degradation Efficiency of Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B, and Methyl Orange under UV Light AU - Islam, Md Akherul AU - Akter, Jeasmin AU - Lee, Insup AU - Shrestha, Santu AU - Pandey, Anil AU - Gyawali, Narayan AU - Hossain, Md Monir AU - Abu Hanif, Md AU - Jang, Se Gyu AU - Hahn, Jae Ryang T2 - NANOMATERIALS AB - The combination of organic and inorganic materials is attracting attention as a photocatalyst that promotes the decomposition of organic dyes. A facile thermal procedure has been proposed to produce spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), carbon nanospheres (CNSs), and a bispherical AgNP-CNS nanocomposite. The AgNPs and CNSs were each synthesized from silver acetate and glucose via single- and two-step annealing processes under sealed conditions, respectively. The AgNP-CNS nanocomposite was synthesized by the thermolysis of a mixture of silver acetate and a mesophase, where the mesophase was formed by annealing glucose in a sealed vessel at 190 °C. The physicochemical features of the as-prepared nanoparticles and composite were evaluated using several analytical techniques, revealing (i) increased light absorption, (ii) a reduced bandgap, (iii) the presence of chemical interfacial heterojunctions, (iv) an increased specific surface area, and (v) favorable band-edge positions of the AgNP-CNS nanocomposite compared with those of the individual AgNP and CNS components. These characteristics led to the excellent photocatalytic efficacy of the AgNP-CNS nanocomposite for the decomposition of three pollutant dyes under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In the AgNP-CNS nanocomposite, the light absorption and UV utilization capacity increased at more active sites. In addition, effective electron-hole separation at the heterojunction between the AgNPs and CNSs was possible under favorable band-edge conditions, resulting in the creation of reactive oxygen species. The decomposition rates of methylene blue were 95.2, 80.2, and 73.2% after 60 min in the presence of the AgNP-CNS nanocomposite, AgNPs, and CNSs, respectively. We also evaluated the photocatalytic degradation efficiency at various pH values and loadings (catalysts and dyes) with the AgNP-CNS nanocomposite. The AgNP-CNS nanocomposite was structurally rigid, resulting in 93.2% degradation of MB after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.3390/nano12223959 VL - 12 IS - 22 SP - SN - 2079-4991 KW - bispherical nanocomposite KW - photocatalysts KW - spherical silver nanoparticles KW - carbon nanospheres KW - reduced bandgap KW - Z-scheme process ER - TY - JOUR TI - Systematic investigation and evaluation of modified ring yarns by feeding three-roving strands AU - Ling, Yali AU - Henson, Claire AU - West, Andre AU - Yin, Rong T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Spinning is one of the major steps in textiles to convert staple fibers from either natural or synthetic sources into continuous and twisted yarns, and ring spinning has always been the dominant yarn technology since its invention. Recently, many ring-based modifications have been developed to improve yarn productivity and properties. In this work, a modified ring spinning technique has been developed by feeding three-roving strands into a conventional ring frame for producing yarns with better performance. A strand delivery guide with different spacings (1–5 mm) was used for the production of three-strand yarns. The quantitative relationships between the spinning parameters and yarn properties have been systematically investigated. The properties of the modified yarns were evaluated, including yarn tensile properties, evenness, and hairiness, and the statistical relationships were obtained by least squares polynomial fitting. The experimental results indicate that the guide spacing and twist multiplier significantly influence the yarn properties. The spinning triangle of the modified yarns resembles Solospun yarns, suggesting supreme yarn abrasion performance. DA - 2022/11/23/ PY - 2022/11/23/ DO - 10.1177/00405175221139323 VL - 11 SP - SN - 1746-7748 KW - Ring spinning KW - yarn property KW - strand spacing KW - twist multiplier ER - TY - JOUR TI - Time Course Of Dermal Anthracene Absorption Utilizing Intradermal Microdialysis AU - Smith, Caroline J. AU - Wustrow, Killian D. AU - Sui, Xinyi AU - Demmler, Morgan AU - DenHartog, Emiel A. AU - Collier, Scott R. AU - Trate, Dristen D. AU - Vinueza, Nelson R. T2 - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants encountered through daily exposures, including smoking, vehicular exhaust, industry sources, and occupational settings, such as firefighting. Inhalation has received greatest attention as a major exposure route, with limited data regarding dermal absorption. PURPOSE: Utilizing the non-carcinogenic PAH, anthracene (ANT), we aimed to assess 1) time course of dermal ANT absorption and 2) effects of local skin temperature on the magnitude of dermal absorption. METHODS: Two intradermal microdialysis (MD) fibers were inserted in the ventral forearm of 6 healthy participants (32 ± 5 yrs, 5 male, 1 female). MD fibers were perfused with 10% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with lactated Ringer’s at 1 μl/min. A 2% ANT solution was applied to skin over each MD site with overlying local heaters (LH) housing laser Doppler flowmeters for assessment of skin blood flow (SkBf). LH were clamped at 33 °C during baseline dialysate sampling. Following baseline, LH were set to 1) 43 °C (Hot, HT) and 2) 33 °C as thermoneutral (TN) for the duration of the protocol. Dialysate samples were collected intermittently over 4 hours and 15 minutes, and SkBf, blood pressure and HR were recorded throughout the protocol. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify ANT dialysate concentrations. RESULTS: Preliminary data indicate that no ANT was detected in any baseline samples. From 1 h30 to 1 h 45 min, ANT was detected in 3 of 6 and 0 of 6 samples for the HT and TN sites, respectively. One HT sample was quantifiable at 317.5 ppb. Sampling from 4 h to 4 h 15 min, ANT was detected in all samples at the HT site and quantified in one (344.9 ppb). ANT was detected in only 1 of 6 samples at the TN site during this sampling period. SkBf was significantly higher at HT versus TN at both 1 h 45 min (8.7 ± 5.7 and 29.2 ± 20.5 CVC%max, P < 0.05) and 4 h 15 min (12.8 ± 8.3 and 42.8 ± 22.3 CVC%max, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary data indicate that dermal absorption and recovery of the PAH anthracene is increased when skin is heated versus thermoneutral, increasing over time. This has potential implications for dermal absorption of contaminants in individuals working in the heat. These data also suggest that microdialysis may be an effective method of assessing dermal absorption of PAHs. DA - 2022/9// PY - 2022/9// DO - 10.1249/01.mss.0000883332.74962.9f VL - 54 IS - 9S SP - 662-662 LA - en OP - SN - 1530-0315 0195-9131 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000883332.74962.9f DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of environmental temperature and humidity on evaporative heat loss through firefighter suit materials made with semi-permeable and microporous moisture barriers AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, Anthoney Shawn AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Watson, Kyle AU - DenHartog, Emiel A AU - Barker, Roger T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - The goal of this research was to understand how firefighter protective suits perform in different operational environments. This study used a sweating guarded hotplate to examine the effect of environmental temperature (20–45°C) and relative humidity (25–85% RH) on evaporative heat loss through firefighter turnout materials. Four firefighter turnout composites containing three different bi-component (semi-permeable) and one microporous moisture barriers were selected. The results showed that the evaporative resistance of microporous moisture barrier systems was independent of environmental testing conditions. However, absorbed moisture strongly affected evaporative heat loss through semi-permeable moisture barriers coated with a layer of nonporous hydrophilic polymer. Moisture absorption in mild environment (20–25°C) tests, or when testing at high humidity (>85% RH), significantly increased water vapor transmission in semi-permeable turnout systems. It was also found that environmental conditions used in the total heat loss (THL) test (25°C and 65% RH) produced moisture condensation in bi-component barrier systems, making them appear more breathable than could be expected when worn in hotter environments. Regression models successfully qualified the relationships between moisture uptake levels in semi-permeable barrier systems and evaporative resistance and THL. These findings reveal the limitations in relying on THL, the heat strain index currently called for by the NFPA 1971 Standard for Structural Firefighter personal protective equipment, and supports the need to measure turnout evaporative resistance at 35°C (Ret), in addition to THL at 25°C. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1177/00405175211026537 VL - 92 IS - 1-2 SP - 219-231 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175211026537 KW - Moisture barrier KW - evaporative resistance KW - heat stress KW - firefighter KW - protective clothing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plasma-Induced Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride Antibacterial Hernia Mesh AU - Wang, Ziyu AU - Hamedi, Hamid AU - Zhang, Fan AU - El-Shafei, Ahmed AU - Brown, Ashley C. AU - Gluck, Jessica M. AU - King, Martin W. T2 - ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS AB - A hernia is a pathological condition caused by a defect or opening in the muscle wall, which leads to organs pushing through the opening or defect. Hernia recurrence, seroma, persistent pain, tissue adhesions, and wound infection are common complications following hernia repair surgery. Infection after hernia mesh implantation is the third major complication leading to hernia recurrence. In order to reduce the incidence of late infections, we developed a polypropylene mesh with antibacterial properties. In this study, knitted polypropylene meshes were exposed to radio-frequency plasma to activate their surfaces. The antibacterial monomer diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) was then grafted onto the mesh surface using pentaerythritol tetraacrylate as the cross-linker since it is able to engage all four functional groups to form a high-density cross-linked network. The subsequent antibacterial performance showed a 2.9 log reduction toward Staphylococcus aureus and a 0.9 log reduction for Escherichia coli. DA - 2022/11/29/ PY - 2022/11/29/ DO - 10.1021/acsabm.2c00695 VL - 11 SP - SN - 2576-6422 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00695 KW - hernia mesh KW - polypropylene KW - plasma KW - surface grafting KW - antibacterial KW - fibroblast ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comparative Analysis of the Liquid CO2 Washing with Conventional Wash on Firefighters’ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) AU - Girase, Arjunsing AU - Thompson, Donald AU - Ormond, R. Bryan T2 - Textiles AB - Firefighters are exposed to several potentially carcinogenic fireground contaminants. The current NFPA 1851 washing procedures are less effective in cleaning due to the limited intensity of the washing conditions that are used. The 2020 edition of NFPA 1851 has added limited specialized cleaning for higher efficacy. The liquid carbon dioxide (CO2) laundering technique has gained popularity in recent years due to its availability to remove contaminants and its eco-friendliness. The primary aim of this study is to address the firefighter questions regarding the efficacy of cleaning with liquid CO2 and to compare it with the conventional washing technique. The unused turnout jackets were contaminated with a mixture of fireground contaminants. These turnout jackets were cleaned with conventional NFPA 1851-appoved aqueous washing and a commercially available liquid CO2 method. Post-cleaning samples were analyzed for contamination using pressurized solvent extraction and GC-MS. The liquid CO2 technique demonstrated considerable improvement in washing efficiency compared to the conventional washing. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.3390/textiles2040036 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7248/2/4/36 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Design of Quasi-Endfire Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Leaky-Wave Textile Wearable Antennas AU - Wu, Yuhao AU - Soltani, Saber AU - Sennik, Busra AU - Zhou, Ying AU - Mackertich-Sengerdy, Galestan AU - Whiting, Eric B. AU - Werner, Douglas H. AU - Jur, Jesse S. T2 - IEEE ACCESS AB - A new design for a quasi-endfire spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is designed for wearable application. The antenna consists of an ultra-thin corrugated metallic structure screen-printed on a flexible textile substrate, which supports extremely confined spoof surface plasmon polaritons. To enable a highly directional leaky mode, two unit-cell designs with different surface impedances are incorporated to realize binary perturbations on the in-plane wavenumber. An auto-adaptive multi-objective optimizer (MOO) is utilized to intelligently design the surface impedance configuration, which achieves significant dimensional reduction compared to the periodically modified SSPP LWAs. A final miniaturized version with 28-unit-cells achieved about 70% size reduction in comparison to the longer design of 75 unit-cells. For proof of concept, the antenna is designed and optimized for operation at 6 GHz. A bandwidth of >200 MHz (5.90 GHz - 6.13 GHz) is achieved, centered around 6 GHz, for which the highly directional endfire pattern can be tilted to 22° and 14° for the 28 and 75 unit-call designs, respectively. The measured results agree well with the simulations. Meanwhile, experimental results show that the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is lower than 1.6 W/kg standard when the antenna is 2 mm away from the human phantom. This textile-based antenna realized with advanced screen-printing technology is extremely suitable for garment integration due to its high flexibility, low-profile, good fabrication accuracy, and robustness in its performance. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3218217 VL - 10 SP - 115338-115350 SN - 2169-3536 KW - Surface impedance KW - Surface waves KW - Leaky wave antennas KW - Modulation KW - Corrugated surfaces KW - Optical surface waves KW - Perturbation methods KW - Wearable computers KW - Leaky-wave antenna KW - spoof surface plasmon KW - surface wave KW - wearable antennas ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of inter-needle distance on jet roping and laydown structure in solution blowing AU - Balakrishnan, Vinod Kumar AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Yarin, Alexander L. T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS AB - Here, a model lab-scale solution blowing setup was developed. Experiments were carried out in a model situation of two needles at several inter-needle distances and air velocities to investigate jet roping. Polymer jets issued from two needles were employed at the inter-needle distances of L = 4.5, 4, 3.5, 3, and 2.5 mm. Polymer jet intersections and merging near the needle tip and at a distance of ∼150 mm from the needle tip and near the collector were recorded employing a high-speed camera. The laydown images captured for each inter-needle distance were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to link the laydown morphology to roping, which stems from the polymer jet–jet intersection in flight. DA - 2022/11/14/ PY - 2022/11/14/ DO - 10.1063/5.0127700 VL - 132 IS - 18 SP - SN - 1089-7550 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A standardized procedure for quantitative evaluation of residual viral activity on antiviral treated textiles AU - Wang, Ziyu AU - Amanah, Alaowei Y. AU - Ali, Kiran M. AU - Payne, Lucy C. AU - Kisthardt, Samantha AU - Scholle, Frank AU - Ormond, R. Bryan AU - Mathur, Kavita AU - Gluck, Jessica M. T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has increased the demand for antiviral technologies to mitigate or prevent the risk of viral transmission. Antiviral treated textiles have the potential to save lives, especially in healthcare settings that rely on reusable patient-care textiles and personal protective equipment. Currently, little is known about the role of textiles in cross-contamination and pathogen transmission, despite the wealth of information on hard surfaces and fomites harboring viruses that remain viable in certain circumstances. In addition, there is no international standard method for evaluating residual viral activity on textiles, which would allow a thorough investigation of the efficacy of antiviral textile products. Therefore, this pilot study aims to develop and refine a standardized protocol to quantitatively evaluate residual viral activity on antiviral textiles. Specifically, we focused on general textiles, such as bed linens, commonly used in healthcare settings for patient care. The Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50 (TCID 50 ) method is frequently used to quantitatively evaluate viral infectivity on textiles, but has not been established as a standard. This procedure involves observing the cytopathic effect of a given virus on cells grown in a 96-well plate after several days of incubation to determine the infectivity titer. We used HCoV-229E and Huh-7 human liver cancer cells for this investigation. We worked to improve the TCID 50 method through variations of different steps within the protocol to attain reproducible results. Our proposed optimized hybrid protocol has shown evidence that the protocol is technically simpler and more efficient, and provides successful, consistent results. The analysis showed a significant difference between the treated fabric compared with controls. DA - 2022/11/2/ PY - 2022/11/2/ DO - 10.1177/00405175221126532 VL - 11 SP - SN - 1746-7748 KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - antiviral textiles KW - Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Waterless Dyeing and In Vitro Toxicological Properties of Biocolorants from Cortinarius sanguineus AU - Herrala, Mikko AU - Yli-oyra, Johanna AU - Albuquerque, Anjaina Fernandes AU - Farias, Natalia Oliveira AU - Morales, Daniel Alexandre AU - Raisanen, Riikka AU - Freeman, Harold S. AU - Umbuzeiro, Gisela Aragao AU - Rysa, Jaana T2 - JOURNAL OF FUNGI AB - As a part of an ongoing interest in identifying environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes and in using liquid CO2 as a waterless medium for applying the resulting colorants to textiles, our attention turned to yellow-to-red biocolorants produced by Cortinarius sanguineus fungus. The three principal target anthraquinone colorants (emodin, dermocybin, and dermorubin) were isolated from the fungal bodies using a liquid–liquid separation method and characterized using 700 MHz NMR and high-resolution mass spectral analyses. Following structure confirmations, the three colorants were examined for dyeing synthetic polyester (PET) textile fibers in supercritical CO2. We found that all three biocolorants were suitable for dyeing PET fibers using this technology, and our attention then turned to determining their toxicological properties. As emodin has shown mutagenic potential in previous studies, we concentrated our present toxicity studies on dermocybin and dermorubin. Both colorants were non-mutagenic, presented low cellular toxicity, and did not induce skin sensitization. Taken together, our results indicate that dermocybin and dermorubin possess the technical and toxicological properties needed for consideration as synthetic dye alternatives under conditions that are free of wastewater production. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.3390/jof8111129 VL - 8 IS - 11 SP - SN - 2309-608X KW - bloodred webcap KW - dermocybin KW - dermorubin KW - emodin KW - fungal colorants KW - supercritical CO2 KW - toxicity KW - waterless dyeing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthetic dyes: A mass spectrometry approach and applications AU - Millbern, Zoe AU - Trettin, Alison AU - Wu, Rachel AU - Demmler, Morgan AU - Vinueza, Nelson R. T2 - MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS AB - Abstract Synthetic dyes are found in a wide variety of applications today, including but not limited to textiles, foods, and medicine. The analysis of these molecules is pertinent to several fields such as forensics, environmental monitoring, and quality control, all of which require the sensitivity and selectivity of analysis provided by mass spectrometry (MS). Recently, there has been an increase in the implementation of MS evaluation of synthetic dyes by various methods, with the majority of research thus far falling under electrospray ionization and moving toward direct ionization methods. This review covers an overview of the chemistry of synthetic dyes needed for the understanding of MS sample preparation and spectral results, current fields of application, ionization methods, and fragmentation trends and works that have been reported in recent years. DA - 2022/11/10/ PY - 2022/11/10/ DO - 10.1002/mas.21818 VL - 11 SP - SN - 1098-2787 KW - colorant analysis KW - dye identification KW - synthetic dyes KW - tandem mass spectrometry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Flexible, durable, and washable triboelectric yarn and embroidery for self-powered sensing and human-machine interaction AU - Chen, Yu AU - Chen, Erdong AU - Wang, Zihao AU - Ling, Yali AU - Fisher, Rosie AU - Li, Mengjiao AU - Hart, Jacob AU - Mu, Weilei AU - Gao, Wei AU - Tao, Xiaoming AU - Yang, Bao AU - Yin, Rong T2 - NANO ENERGY AB - The novel combination of textiles and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) successfully achieves self-powered wearable electronics and sensors. However, the fabrication of Textile-based TENGs remains a great challenge due to complex fabrication processes, low production speed, high cost, poor electromechanical properties, and limited design capacities. Here, we reported a new route to develop Textile-based TENGs with a facile, low-cost, and scalable embroidery technique. 5-ply ultrathin enameled copper wires, low-cost commercial materials, were utilized as embroidery materials with dual functions of triboelectric layers and electrodes in the Textile-based TENGs. A single enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 30 cm can produce over 60 V of open-circuit voltage and 0.45 µA of short circuit current when in contact with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fabric at the frequency of 1.2 Hz and the peak value of contact force of 70 N. Moreover, the triboelectric performance of enameled copper wire after plasma treatment can be better than that without plasma treatment, such as the maximum instantaneous power density can reach 245 μW/m which is ∼ 1.5 times as much as the untreated wire. These novel embroidery TENGs possess outstanding triboelectric performance and super design capacities. A 5 × 5 cm2 embroidery sample can generate an open-circuit voltage of 300 V and a short circuit current of 8 μA under similar contact conditions. The wearable triboelectric embroidery can be employed in different parts of the wear. A self-powered, fully fabric-based numeric keypad was designed based on triboelectric embroidery to serve as a human-machine interface, showing good energy harvesting and signal collection capabilities. Therefore, this study opens a new generic design paradigm for textile-based TENGs that are applicable for next-generation smart wearable devices. DA - 2022/12/15/ PY - 2022/12/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107929 VL - 104 SP - SN - 2211-3282 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107929 KW - Triboelectric nanogenerator KW - Embroidery KW - Enameled copper wire KW - Wearable electronics KW - Human-machine interface ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fuzzy spherical truncation-based multi-linear protein descriptors: From their definition to application in structural-related predictions AU - Contreras-Torres, Ernesto AU - Marrero-Ponce, Yovani AU - Terán, Julio E. AU - Agüero-Chapin, Guillermin AU - Antunes, Agostinho AU - García-Jacas, César R. T2 - Frontiers in Chemistry AB - This study introduces a set of fuzzy spherically truncated three-dimensional (3D) multi-linear descriptors for proteins. These indices codify geometric structural information from kth spherically truncated spatial-(dis)similarity two-tuple and three-tuple tensors. The coefficients of these truncated tensors are calculated by applying a smoothing value to the 3D structural encoding based on the relationships between two and three amino acids of a protein embedded into a sphere. At considering, the geometrical center of the protein matches with center of the sphere, the distance between each amino acid involved in any specific interaction and the geometrical center of the protein can be computed. Then, the fuzzy membership degree of each amino acid from an spherical region of interest is computed by fuzzy membership functions (FMFs). The truncation value is finally a combination of the membership degrees from interacting amino acids, by applying the arithmetic mean as fusion rule. Several fuzzy membership functions with diverse biases on the calculation of amino acids memberships (e.g., Z-shaped (close to the center), PI-shaped (middle region), and A-Gaussian (far from the center)) were considered as well as traditional truncation functions (e.g., Switching). Such truncation functions were comparatively evaluated by exploring: 1) the frequency of membership degrees, 2) the variability and orthogonality analyses among them based on the Shannon Entropy's and Principal Component's methods, respectively, and 3) the prediction performance of alignment-free prediction of protein folding rates and structural classes. These analyses unraveled the singularity of the proposed fuzzy spherically truncated MDs with respect to the classical (non-truncated) ones and respect to the MDs truncated with traditional functions. They also showed an improved prediction power by attaining an external correlation coefficient of 95.82% in the folding rate modelling and an accuracy of 100% in distinguishing structural protein classes. These outcomes are better than the ones attained by existing approaches, justifying the theoretical contribution of this report. Thus, the fuzzy spherically truncated-based protein descriptors from MuLiMs-MCoMPAs (http://tomocomd.com/mulims-mcompas) are promising alignment-free predictors for modeling protein functions and properties. DA - 2022/10/7/ PY - 2022/10/7/ DO - 10.3389/fchem.2022.959143 VL - 10 SP - J2 - Front. Chem. OP - SN - 2296-2646 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.959143 DB - Crossref KW - 3D-protein descriptors KW - multi-linear algebraic forms KW - MuLiMs-MCoMPAs KW - fuzzy membership functions KW - fuzzy membership degree KW - spherical truncation KW - folding rate KW - SCOP structural classes tensor algebra-based fuzzy spherically truncated descriptors for protein Science ER - TY - JOUR TI - In silico Study and Solvent-free one-pot Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives by Mechanochemistry Approach for Targeting Human Neutrophil Elastase against Lung Cancer AU - Patel, Ashish AU - Gandhi, Karan AU - Shah, Sweta AU - Patel, Darshan AU - Chhatbar, Shreyas AU - Shah, Drashti AU - Patel, Stuti AU - Patel, Harnisha AU - Bambharoliya, Tushar T2 - CURRENT COMPUTER-AIDED DRUG DESIGN AB - Pyrimidine derivative has evinced its biological importance in targeting lung cancer by inhibiting neutrophil elastase.All THPM derivatives were synthesized by the grindstone method at ambient temperature followed by molecular docking study for efficient binding interaction of THPM compounds by targeting human neutrophil elastase (HNE) (PDB ID: 5A0A) and In-silico ADMET study using PkCSM. Moreover, all synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopy techniques and screened for anti-cancer activity using in vitro HNE assay kit.We reported a one-pot solvent-free mechanochemical approach for synthesizing tetrahydropyrimidine (THPM) derivatives from various aromatic aldehydes, ethyl cyanoacetate, and urea followed by in silico study and evaluation against human neutrophil elastase (HNE) for treatment of lung cancer. We calibrated the best molecules that bound to specific targets more efficiently using a molecular docking approach and provided the desired efficacy. In-silico ADMET studies revealed that all best-scored compounds had drug-like characteristics for potential use as human neutrophil elastase inhibitors (HNE) in lung cancer treatment. Additionally, the in vitro studies revealed that compounds 1, 2, and 8 show potent HNE inhibitory activity for lung cancer treatment.In a nutshell, the tetrahydropyrimidine (THPM) scaffold and its derivatives may serve as potential HNE inhibitors for the development of a promising anti-cancer agent. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.2174/1573409918666220622232501 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 293-306 SN - 1875-6697 KW - Biginelii condensation KW - mechanochemistry KW - human neutrophil elastase KW - tetrahydropyrimidine KW - lung cancer KW - green chemistry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nonwoven Membranes with Infrared Light-Controlled Permeability AU - Ramesh, Srivatsan AU - Davis, Jack AU - Roros, Alexandra AU - Zhou, Chuanzhen AU - He, Nanfei AU - Gao, Wei AU - Menegatti, Stefano AU - Khan, Saad AU - Genzer, Jan T2 - ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES AB - This study presents the development of the first composite nonwoven fiber mats (NWFs) with infrared light-controlled permeability. The membranes were prepared by coating polypropylene NWFs with a photothermal layer of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm)-based microgels impregnated with graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONPs). This design enables "photothermal smart-gating" using light dosage as remote control of the membrane's permeability to electrolytes. Upon exposure to infrared light, the GONPs trigger a rapid local increase in temperature, which contracts the PNIPAm-based microgels lodged in the pore space of the NWFs. The contraction of the microgels can be reverted by cooling from the surrounding aqueous environment. The efficient conversion of infrared light into localized heat by GONPs coupled with the phase transition of the microgels above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAm provide effective control over the effective porosity, and thus the permeability, of the membrane. The material design parameters, namely the monomer composition of the microgels and the GONP-to-microgel ratio, enable tuning the permeability shift in response to IR light; control NWFs coated with GONP-free microgels displayed thermal responsiveness only, whereas native NWFs showed no smart-gating behavior at all. This technology shows potential toward processing temperature-sensitive bioactive ingredients or remote-controlled bioreactors. DA - 2022/9/9/ PY - 2022/9/9/ DO - 10.1021/acsami.2c13280 SP - SN - 1944-8252 KW - smart-gated membranes KW - photothermal effect KW - stimuli-responsive hydrogels KW - nonwovens KW - graphene oxide ER - TY - JOUR TI - Microporous vertically aligned CNT nanocomposites with tunable properties for use in flexible heat sinks AU - Yildiz, Ozkan AU - Lubna, Mostakima M. AU - Ramesh, Viswanath P. AU - Ozturk, Mehmet AU - Bradford, Philip D. T2 - JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES AB - Effective thermal management of electronic systems depends on the heat transfer efficiency or the heat dissipation capability and the thermal conductivity of heat sink components, which has a critical impact on the performance of the devices. The rapidly growing field of microelectronics creates an enormous need for next-generation flexible, lightweight heat sinks. In this work, flexible, microporous nanocomposites are fabricated utilizing a unique yet easily tunable processing method, targeting heat-sink applications. The highly porous and low-density nanohybrid structures were fabricated in a unique processing technique using conformally pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coated vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) infiltration. Simply by varying the concentration of the PDMS in the VACNT structure, the microporosity can be tuned from 50% to 93%, and at the same time, the density of the structure varies from 0.11 g/cm3 to 0.51 g/cm3. The through-thickness thermal conductivity of the VACNT – PDMS nanocomposites did not vary substantially with increasing PDMS concentration, and the highest performance samples exhibited 14.1 W/mK thermal conductivity. The highly flexible nanocomposite structure also showed excellent mechanical resiliency and exhibited complete recovery from 80% compressive strain. The final heat-sink structure with fins was fabricated by a controlled laser etching technique. Analysis of the flexible VACNT array heat sink showed a significant ∼27% reduction in thermal resistance with an air velocity of 1.5 m/s and about ∼40% improvement in the output performance of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) on which it was mounted. The high thermal conductivity of VACNTs and the large surface area provided by the microporous structure, as well as the laser-etched fins, all together contributed to better thermal management performance. DA - 2022/12// PY - 2022/12// DO - 10.1016/j.jsamd.2022.100509 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - SN - 2468-2179 KW - Vertically aligned carbon nanotube KW - Nanocomposite KW - Microporous structure KW - Flexible heat sink KW - Thermal management ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carbonic Anhydrase Immobilized on Textile Structured Packing Using Chitosan Entrapment for CO2 Capture AU - Shen, Jialong AU - Yuan, Yue AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering AB - Innovative carbon dioxide (CO2) capture approaches are urgently needed to lower and reverse CO2 emissions that lead to climate change. Here, we report the design, fabrication and testing of high efficiency biocatalytic textile-based gas–liquid contactors made using versatile, sustainable, and readily available polymers, cellulose, and chitosan, together with an immobilized carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme to accelerate CO2 absorption into benign, low-energy, aqueous potassium carbonate (K2CO3)-based solvents. This novel structured packing is able to withstand the CO2 scrubbing environment, will be simple to scale up, and will be useful as a “drop-in” for conventional chemical absorption systems as well as offer new possibilities for direct air capture. Immobilizing CA in a thin coating on textile packing surfaces minimizes the enzyme requirement, retains enzyme in the absorber for high catalytic benefit and longevity with repeated use, and allows downstream process flexibility by preventing CA from traveling to other unit operations, for example, high temperature desorption where enzyme could become inactivated. CA immobilization on cotton fiber textile packing materials by entrapment with chitosan exhibited an activity recovery of at least 49% and activity retentions of higher than 68% after 10 repeated wash and retest cycles over 5 days and up to 41% after a 31 day incubation in 10 wt % K2CO3 at 40 °C. The lightweight biocatalytic textile packing modules are sturdy and easily handled with no sharp edges or dusting issues as can accompany conventional metal packing- or particulate-immobilized enzymes. In laboratory-scale countercurrent CO2 absorption tests at 4 L per minute total gas flow rates, CA-immobilized textile packings delivered average CO2 absorption efficiencies of 52.3% and 81.7% for single and double-stacked packings, respectively, versus 26.6% and 46.4% for single and double-stacked no-enzyme control textile packings, and versus 3.6% for conventional glass Raschig rings filled to the equivalent single-stacked packing height. Textile packings exhibited excellent solvent distribution throughout the packing even at low liquid flow rates, maintaining uniform gas contact with the wetted solid contacting surfaces across a range of different liquid flow rates, leading to robust CO2 capture efficiency. Biocatalytic textile packing retained 66% of the initial CO2 capture performance after five cycles of washing, drying, ambient storage, and retesting over a period of 66 days. In a separate test with freshly made packing, 76.5% performance retention was observed after a continuous 120 h recirculation longevity test. DA - 2022/6/13/ PY - 2022/6/13/ DO - 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c02545 VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c02545 KW - Immobilized carbonic anhydrase KW - Biocatalytic textiles KW - Enzyme KW - Structured packing KW - Chemical absorption KW - CO2 capture ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Day Before a Breakthrough AU - Salmon, Sonja AB - Have you heard of the XPRIZE? It’s a global competition to crowdsource solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. Right now, their biggest competition ever is open — $100 Million for Carbon Removal — to take CO2 out of air. Here's one idea: What if a super-fast enzyme called carbonic anhydrase (the same type of enzyme that helps you breathe) could help pick CO2 molecules out of thin air? And what if a textile fabric (almost like the kind you wear) could be turned into a giant filter to help the enzyme do its job? NC State University researchers can already do this at lab scale; Sonja Salmon, Ph.D. explores how and what the implications may be. DA - 2022/1/15/ PY - 2022/1/15/ DO - 10.52750/561349 VL - 1 UR - https://doi.org/10.52750/561349 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Durable and Versatile Immobilized Carbonic Anhydrase on Textile Structured Packing for CO2 Capture AU - Shen, Jialong AU - Yuan, Yue AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - CATALYSTS AB - High-performance carbon dioxide (CO2)-capture technologies with low environmental impact are necessary to combat the current climate change crisis. Durable and versatile “drop-in-ready” textile structured packings with covalently immobilized carbonic anhydrase (CA) were created as efficient, easy to handle catalysts for CO2 absorption in benign solvents. The hydrophilic textile structure itself contributed high surface area and superior liquid transport properties to promote gas-liquid reactions that were further enhanced by the presence of CA, leading to excellent CO2 absorption efficiencies in lab-scale tests. Mechanistic investigations revealed that CO2 capture efficiency depended primarily on immobilized enzymes at or near the surface, whereas polymer entrapped enzymes were more protected from external stressors than those exposed at the surface, providing strategies to optimize performance and durability. Textile packing with covalently attached enzyme aggregates retained 100% of the initial 66.7% CO2 capture efficiency over 71-day longevity testing and retained 85% of the initial capture efficiency after 1-year of ambient dry storage. Subsequent stable performance in a 500 h continuous liquid flow scrubber test emphasized the material robustness. Biocatalytic textile packings performed well with different desirable solvents and across wide CO2 concentration ranges that are critical for CO2 capture from coal and natural gas-fired power plants, from natural gas and biogas for fuel upgrading, and directly from air. DA - 2022/10// PY - 2022/10// DO - 10.3390/catal12101108 VL - 12 IS - 10 SP - SN - 2073-4344 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/10/1108 KW - biocatalyst KW - carbonic anhydrase KW - CO2 capture KW - crosslink KW - enzyme KW - immobilization KW - reactive absorption KW - structured packing KW - textile ER - TY - JOUR TI - Progress toward Circularity of Polyester and Cotton Textiles AU - Wang, Siyan AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - Sustainable Chemistry AB - Millions of tons of textile waste are landfilled or incinerated in the world every year due to insufficient recycle value streams and the complex composition of textile end products. The goal of this review is to highlight pathways for simplifying and separating textile wastes into valuable raw material streams that will promote their recovery and conversion to useful products. The discussion focuses on advances in sorting, separation, decolorization and conversion of polyester and cotton, the two most common textile fibers. Sorting processes are gaining automation using spectroscopic methods that detect chemical composition differences between materials to divide them into categories. Separation, through dissolving or degrading, makes it possible to deconstruct blended textiles and purify polymers, monomers and co-products. Waste cotton can produce high quality regenerated cellulose fibers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) or biofuels. Waste polyester can produce colored yarns or can be chemically converted to its starting monomers for the recreation of virgin polymer as a complete closed loop. The current strategies for decolorization are presented. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies found that recycling polyester/cotton blended fabrics for subsequent uses is more sustainable than incineration, and research on producing biomass-based poly-ester also offers feasible avenues for improving textile sustainability and promoting circular processing. DA - 2022/9/5/ PY - 2022/9/5/ DO - 10.3390/suschem3030024 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem3030024 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Researchers Find New Way to Kick-Start Process of Making of Carbon Fiber DA - 2022/1/28/ PY - 2022/1/28/ UR - https://news.ncsu.edu/2022/01/researchers-find-new-way-to-kick-start-process-of-making-of-carbon-fiber/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of Air Gaps on Heat Loss through Firefighter Turnout Composites with Different Moisture Barrier Components AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, Anthoney Shawn AU - Barker, Roger AU - DenHartog, Emiel AU - Fang, Xiaomeng T2 - FIBERS AND POLYMERS DA - 2022/10/7/ PY - 2022/10/7/ DO - 10.1007/s12221-022-0420-z VL - 10 SP - SN - 1875-0052 KW - Air gap KW - Firefighter heat stress KW - Evaporative resistance KW - Insulation KW - Protective clothing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Quantification of docusate antimicrobial finishing after simulated landfill degradation via tandem mass spectrometry and QuEChERS extraction AU - Sui, Xinyi AU - Feng, Chengcheng AU - Ankeny, Mary AU - Vinueza, Nelson R. T2 - ANALYTICAL METHODS AB - Quantification of silver docusate antimicrobial finishing in soil by tandem mass spectrometry after QuEChERS extraction. DA - 2022/10/12/ PY - 2022/10/12/ DO - 10.1039/d2ay01153k VL - 10 SP - SN - 1759-9679 UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2AY01153K ER - TY - JOUR TI - 3D X-ray tomographic microstructure analysis of dust-clogging inside nonwoven fibrous filter media AU - Song, Yu AU - Shim, Eunkyoung T2 - JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE AB - Clogging inside fibrous filter media largely affects the particle loading characteristics of filter media. The three-dimensional (3D) analysis of particle deposits that form clogging is thus necessary. Compact nonwoven fibrous filter media with thick-fiber was fabricated using meltblown technology. Filter media with the deposited dust mass was scanned with X-ray μ-CT imaging. Methodology of image processing and image analysis was developed to open the black box of loaded fibrous filter media. Quantitative microstructure analysis was conducted including pristine fibrous structure analysis, quadrant structure analysis, depth distribution of particles, and size distribution of 3D particle deposits. Quadrant analysis revealed that deposited dust mass was negatively correlated with quadrant fiber solidity. A considerably large volume of particle deposits formed face-region (in the depth of 0–200 μm) clogging inside the filter structure. Higher-basis-weight filter media exhibited more particle deposition in deeper filter depth. Watershed-segmentation-based size distribution statistics revealed that more volume of large connected particle agglomerates and larger constituent individual particles existed inside higher-basis-weight filter media. DA - 2022/12/15/ PY - 2022/12/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121067 VL - 664 SP - SN - 1873-3123 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121067 KW - Clogging KW - Particle deposit KW - Filter structure KW - Particle loading KW - X-ray micro-computed tomography ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dual roles of sodium polyacrylate in alginate fiber wet-spinning: Modify the solution rheology and strengthen the fiber AU - Li, Shanshan AU - Biswas, Manik Chandra AU - Ford, Ericka T2 - CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS AB - Limitations to the scaling of sodium alginate (SA) fibers by wet spinning and for commercial applications are the high spinning dope viscosity and low fiber mechanical performance. In this study, the viscosities of SA spinning dopes dramatically reduced to an order of magnitude lower while the maximum spin draw ratio increased from 1 to 6 as sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) loading increased up to 20 %. However, distinct to a simple plasticizing effect, adding appropriate amount of PAAS strengthens the mechanical properties of fully drawn fibers, through the formation of new physical crosslinks with SA. Fibers having the tenacity of ∼0.6 cN/dtex, modulus of ∼37 cN/dtex, strain at break of ∼7 % and toughness of ∼4 J/g were achieved with 15 % PAAS loading. Therefore, the PAAS addition has dual-effects in SA fiber wet spinning: to modify the rheology of the SA spinning solution and to strengthen the wet-spun SA fibers for textile applications. DA - 2022/12/1/ PY - 2022/12/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120001 VL - 297 SP - SN - 1879-1344 KW - Sodium alginate KW - Sodium polyacrylate KW - Fiber KW - Wet -spinning KW - Antiplasticizer ER - TY - JOUR TI - Temporal evolution of the behavior of absorbed moisture in a damaged polymer-quartz composite: A molecular dynamics study AU - Guha, Rishabh D. AU - Rahmani, Farzin AU - Berkowitz, Katherine AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa AU - Grace, Landon R. T2 - COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE AB - • Interfacial Debonding was simulated on a nanoscale using an atomistic model of a quartz-fiber composite. • The temporal behavior of absorbed moisture was analyzed near the damage site. • Irrespective of the initial state of moisture in the composite, they eventually agglomerate near the damage location. • Spatial confinement near the interface bolsters previous experiments which hypothesize that absorbed moisture behaves like bulk water when clustered at microcracks. Exposure of a composite structure to mechanical or environmental stressors often leads to the formation of damage sites which contain rupture mechanisms such as matrix cracking and interfacial debonding. Continued accumulation of this type of small-scale damage can cause sudden and catastrophic large-scale failure. A novel damage characterization technique which leverages the altered physical and chemical states of naturally absorbed moisture in response to sub-micron scale damage has recently shown promise for early detection of damage. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations are used to better understand the differences in the behavior of absorbed water molecules near a damage site. The results show that, irrespective of the initial distribution of molecular water throughout the composite, or the presence of polar atoms in the polymer matrix, water tends to preferentially cluster near the damage location. It was also found that spatial confinement near the polymer-fiber interface hinders diffusion of the water molecules into the polymer matrix. These molecular level insights bolster the hypothesis formulated in previous experimental studies that absorbed moisture behaves like free water in terms of its dielectric activity when the water molecules agglomerate at the damage location. Consequently, this locally distinct permittivity can be leveraged for damage detection and quantification. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111690 VL - 214 SP - SN - 1879-0801 KW - Composites KW - Fiber -matrix interface KW - Moisture KW - Debonding KW - Molecular dynamics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improved electrocatalytic properties of bundled B/N co-doped electrospun carbon nanofibers with Pt nanostructures through dopant-induced metal-support interaction (DIMSI) AU - Shanmugapriya, Sathyanarayanan AU - Zhu, Pei AU - Ganeshbabu, Mariappan AU - Lee, Yun Sung AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Selvan, Ramakrishnan Kalai T2 - MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS AB - • B/N co-doped CNFs are prepared as carbon supports for Pt NPs. • The synergistic role of B/N towards the dopant-induced metal-support interaction is studied. • Pt/HCNF-III with an optimal ratio of B/N ensures the uniform distribution of Pt NPs with high utilization ratio. • Pt/HCNF-III exhibits significant electrocatalytic activity for ORR, MOR, and HER reactions. The dispersion of platinum nanoparticles over B/N functionalized carbon nanofibers (CNFs) is studied using a simple electrospinning technique. The ratio of boron and nitrogen for the uniform and agglomeration-free Pt loading is optimized. Among the prepared electrocatalysts, Pt-loaded CNFs with an equal amount of B and N (Pt/HCNF-III) exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction, methanol oxidation, and hydrogen evolution reactions. Pt/HCNF-III provides a significant ECSA (62.57 m 2 /gm). The Pt/HCNF-III being an efficient ORR electrocatalyst follows a 4-electron pathway and renders high half-wave potential. Moreover, Pt/HCNF-III displays relatively high mass activities of 324.77 and 6.17 A g −1 during MOR and HER, respectively. Pt/HCNF-III also demands a minimal overpotential (54 mV) and Tafel slope (33 mV dec −1 ) during HER. Thus, a unique phenomenon of dopant-induced metal support interaction has enhanced the electrocatalytic activity, stability, and selectivity of the prepared electrocatalysts. DA - 2022/10// PY - 2022/10// DO - 10.1016/j.mseb.2022.115880 VL - 284 SP - SN - 1873-4944 KW - Boron KW - Nitrogen KW - CNFs KW - Electrocatalyst KW - DIMSI ER - TY - JOUR TI - Optical detection of pH changes in artificial sweat using near-infrared fluorescent nanomaterials AU - Sultana, Nigar AU - Dewey, Hannah AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, Januka T2 - Sensors & Diagnostics AB - Photoluminescent single-walled carbon nanotubes are versatile tools for the development of optical nanosensors. Carbon nanotubes were employed for the optical detection of pH within a biologically relevant range in a model biofluid. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.1039/D2SD00110A VL - 1 IS - 6 SP - 1189-1197 J2 - Sens. Diagn. LA - en OP - SN - 2635-0998 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D2SD00110A DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Wearable Electrocardiography Armband Resilient Against Artifacts AU - Zhou, Yilu AU - Mohaddes, Farzad AU - Lee, Courtney AU - Rao, Smriti AU - Mills, Amanda C. AU - Curry, Adam C. AU - Lee, Bongmook AU - Misra, Veena T2 - IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL AB - Electrocardiography (ECG) is an essential technique to assess cardiovascular conditions and monitor physical activities. While the concept is mature, issues surrounding sampling convenience and device adoption as well as maintaining signal quality under artifacts remain a problem. In this article, we present a high-performing wearable ECG armband on the upper left arm. It is equipped with miniaturized hardware, capable of data storage and wireless communication. We evaluate different electrode configurations by conducting ECG measurements both at the static state and under motion and using improved algorithms to quantify data quality and assess the agreement between the proposed new technique and the gold standard. The optimal electrode position is determined by balancing wearable suitability and signal quality. We propose an electronic textile (E-textile) armband with improved design. It offers favorable wearing comfort and a fashionable appearance without sacrificing data quality. Its contact pressure is measured to get a better picture of intimacy and clothing comfort. Our system provides real-time and noise-resilient ECG data without interrupting daily life and can be implemented in use cases that warrant continuous ECG monitoring. DA - 2022/10/1/ PY - 2022/10/1/ DO - 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3197060 VL - 22 IS - 19 SP - 18970-18977 SN - 1558-1748 UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2022.3197060 KW - Biomedical monitoring KW - body sensor KW - electrocardiography (ECG) KW - electrodes KW - electronic textiles (E-textiles) KW - sensors KW - wearable sensor ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mutagenicity of dyes: a call to fill the knowledge gaps and improve our predictive ability AU - Aragao Umbuzeiro, G. AU - Freeman, H. S. AU - Raisanen, R. T2 - TOXICOLOGY LETTERS DA - 2022/9/1/ PY - 2022/9/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.217 VL - 368 SP - S73-S73 SN - 1879-3169 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bit-GraphBLAS: Bit-Level Optimizations of Matrix-Centric Graph Processing on GPU AU - Chen, Jou-An AU - Sung, Hsin-Hsuan AU - Shen, Xipeng AU - Tallent, Nathan AU - Barker, Kevin AU - Li, Ang T2 - 2022 IEEE 36TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2022) AB - In a general graph data structure like an adjacency matrix, when edges are homogeneous, the connectivity of two nodes can be sufficiently represented using a single bit. This insight has, however, not yet been adequately exploited by the existing matrix-centric graph processing frameworks. This work fills the void by systematically exploring the bit-level representation of graphs and the corresponding optimizations to the graph operations. It proposes a two-level representation named Bit-Block Compressed Sparse Row (B2SR) and presents a series of optimizations to the graph operations on B2SR by leveraging the intrinsics of modern GPUs. Evaluations on NVIDIA Pascal and Volta GPUs show that the optimizations bring up to 40× and 6555× for essential GraphBLAS kernels SpMV and SpGEMM, respectively, making GraphBLAS-based BFS accelerate up to 433×, SSSP, PR, and CC up to 35×, and TC up to 52×. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.1109/IPDPS53621.2022.00056 SP - 515-525 SN - 1530-2075 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multiphase CFD Modeling and Experimental Validation of Polymer and Attenuating Air Jet Interactions in Nonwoven Annular Melt Blowing AU - Schuchard, Karl G. AU - Pawar, Advay AU - Anderson, Bruce AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Shirwaiker, Rohan A. T2 - INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AB - In annular melt blowing, fiber formation is achieved by accelerating a molten polymer via drag forces imparted by high velocity air that attenuates the polymer jet diameter. The interactions at the polymer–air interface, which govern the motion of the jets and impact the resulting fiber characteristics, are important but not well understood yet. This work details the development and validation of a multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate these interactions and the effects of three key melt blowing process parameters (polymer viscosity and throughput and air velocity) on two critical fiber attributes─whipping instability and fiber diameter. Simulation results highlighted that whipping instability was driven by the polymer–air velocity differential, and the fiber diameter was primarily modulated by polymer throughput and air velocity. The CFD model was validated by modulating the polymer and air throughputs and analyzing the fiber diameter experimentally. Empirical results showed good agreement between fabricated and model-estimated fiber diameters, especially at lower air velocities. An additional CFD simulation performed using a melt blowing nozzle geometry and process parameters described in the literature also confirmed good correlation between model estimates and literature empirical data. DA - 2022/9/21/ PY - 2022/9/21/ DO - 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01710 VL - 61 IS - 37 SP - 13962-13971 SN - 0888-5885 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Rethinking the use of bio-based plastics to accelerate the decarbonization of our society AU - Suarez, Antonio AU - Ford, Ericka AU - Venditti, Richard AU - Kelley, Stephen AU - Saloni, Daniel AU - Gonzalez, Ronalds T2 - RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING AB - The need to tackle the current environmental impact of plastics is driving the development of new bio-based materials. Although these bioplastics offer carbon footprint reductions, their role in a more sustainable economy is still unclear. Herein, a systematic review was performed to understand the impact of producing bioplastics. This information was used to perform a life cycle assessment considering different end-of-life scenarios. Then a Smart Use of Materials based on the assumption of only using certain materials in targeted applications was proposed. It was found that the dedicated use of bio-polyethylene terephthalate for packaging and polylactic acid for textiles can offer a carbon footprint reduction of up to 67% and 80% respectively. Therefore, we present a major opportunity to decarbonize our society using current technologies and supply chains. This concept contributes to building a society that understands the place of bio-based materials and addresses pollution from a material selection perspective. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106593 VL - 186 SP - SN - 1879-0658 KW - Life cycle assessment KW - Smart use of materials KW - Bio-based plastics KW - Bio-PET KW - PLA ER - TY - JOUR TI - Physics-based deep neural network model to guide electrospinning polyurethane fibers AU - Rahman, S. Mashfiqur AU - Tafreshi, Hooman Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Abstract Electrospinning is an inexpensive room‐temperature method of producing nanofibers from polymer granules. While it is quite easy to produce electrospun nanofibers, it is very difficult to control properties of the resulting fibers without conducting laborious trial‐and‐error experiments. In this work, a mass‐spring‐damper (MSD) model was used to simulate formation of electrospun fibers for different combinations of electrospinning conditions such as voltage, needle‐to‐collector distance, and polymer concentration. The sparse data from the CPU‐intensive MSD model were then used in developing a deep neural network (DNN) model that could guide the electrospinning experiment toward producing fibers with a desired diameter. The accuracy of the MSD‐DNN hybrid model was examined via comparison with experimental data obtained by electrospinning polyurethane fibers. DA - 2022/9/20/ PY - 2022/9/20/ DO - 10.1002/app.53108 VL - 9 SP - SN - 1097-4628 KW - coatings KW - fibers KW - membranes KW - porous materials ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enzyme immobilization: polymer-solvent-enzyme compatibility AU - Asaduzzaman, Fnu AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING AB - Immobilization improves enzyme stability, allows easy enzyme separation from reaction mixtures, and enables repeatable use over prolonged periods, especially in systems requiring continuous chemical reactions. DA - 2022/9/21/ PY - 2022/9/21/ DO - 10.1039/d2me00140c VL - 9 SP - SN - 2058-9689 UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2ME00140C ER - TY - JOUR TI - A new test method for evaluating the evaporative cooling efficiency of fabrics using a dynamic sweating hot plate AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, A. Shawn AU - Barker, Roger T2 - MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AB - Abstract The lack of direct measures of the ability of a fabric to cool the skin by liquid sweat evaporation is a critical gap in available laboratory tests for evaluating the comfort of active wear clothing materials. This paper describes a novel method designed to evaluate the evaporative cooling performance of fabrics in a protocol that simulates active wear, including sweating and drying periods, in a continuous one-step procedure. It uses a dynamic sweating hot plate to measure the latent heat absorbed by fabrics in sweat evaporation, and in drying after sweat absorption. The efficacy of the method is demonstrated using a selected set of high-wicking polyester and a cotton knit t-shirt material that have different moisture absorption, wicking and drying properties. The cooling efficiency test shows that high-wicking polyester fabrics provide larger evaporative cooling in the sweating phase, where it is more likely to convey cooling benefits to the skin. Cotton fabrics absorb more latent heat in the drying phase, where the cooling effect may contribute to chilling effects. It provides an ideal platform to observe the dynamic relationship between patterns of wicking and liquid moisture spreading in fabrics and the evaporative cooling provided by the test materials. It shows that the location of wicked moisture in the fabric is a critical determinant of potential cooling effects. It also shows that a fabric’s wicking ability is not always an accurate predictor of its cooling efficiency. This new test method has provided a unique tool for directly characterizing the cooling efficiency of clothing materials using a protocol that accurately simulates sweating generation and drying in actual active wear scenarios. DA - 2022/12/1/ PY - 2022/12/1/ DO - 10.1088/1361-6501/ac84f7 VL - 33 IS - 12 SP - SN - 1361-6501 KW - cooling efficiency KW - heat loss KW - wicking KW - drying rate KW - hotplate KW - moisture management ER - TY - JOUR TI - Highly Efficient Rigidified Quinoxaline-based Co-Sensitizers Carrying Long Alkyl Chains for Ruthenium-Complex-Sensitized DSSCs AU - Lyu, Luping AU - Su, Rui AU - El-Shafei, Ahmed T2 - CHEMISTRYSELECT AB - Abstract In this paper, cosensitized DSSCs(Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell) using quinoxaline‐based co‐sensitizers along with a well‐known ruthenium dye were fabricated, and their photophysical properties and photovoltaic characteristics were measured to comprehensively assess the effect of molecular architecture on the photovoltaic performance of devices. We revealed the key role of bulky rigid quinoxaline‐based co‐sensitizers in enhancing the overall efficiency of DSSCs for the first time. From the results, it is evident that the co‐sensitizer exhibited excellent performance in improving the photocurrent of cosensitized DSSCs. The cell cosensitized with 0.2 m m of quinoxaline‐based co‐sensitizer and 0.2 m m of ruthenium dye, exhibited the highest efficiency of 7.88 % ( J SC =20.82 mA cm −2 , V OC =0.614 V, FF =61.6 %) when compared to ruthenium dye alone. Smaller organic co‐sensitizers cannot make up for the weak absorption in the range of about 350–600 nm of ruthenium dyes, but also filled up the space between the bulky ruthenium dye molecules, leading to more effective coverage on the TiO 2 surface. Hence, it was observed that the FF (Fill Factor) values were improved for all the cells. Thus, based on the above‐mentioned results, quinoxaline‐based co‐sensitizer showed good potential in enhancing photovoltaic efficiency of DSSCs at the appropriate concentration. DA - 2022/9/6/ PY - 2022/9/6/ DO - 10.1002/slct.202202183 VL - 7 IS - 33 SP - SN - 2365-6549 KW - cosensitization KW - DSSC KW - HD-2 KW - photovoltaic performance KW - quinoxaline ER - TY - JOUR TI - The characterization of disperse dyes in polyester fibers using DART mass spectrometry AU - Millbern, Zoe AU - Vinueza, Nelson R. T2 - JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES AB - Abstract Textile fibers alone are highly prevalent in our environment, and not only are there a wide variety of fibers, but generally, consumer textiles are colored. Given the variety of crime locations where dyes are encountered and the potential circumstances, a rapid, preparation free analysis of samples is highly beneficial. This study has characterized a collection of commercially available textiles dyes by verifying the chemical structure, collecting reference spectra, and developing a method to analyze dyed fibers via Direct Analysis in Real‐Time (DART) mass spectrometry. A methodology for direct analysis of pieces of fabric and single thread samples of polyester fibers dyed with disperse dyes was developed. The presence of 31 target dyes on fibers whose structures were previously established via high‐resolution mass spectrometry was confirmed. Dyed fabrics containing mixtures of dyes in varying concentrations were also evaluated to determine whether each dye in the composition could be detected. The DART‐MS methodology was sensitive and positively characterized disperse dyes in polyester fibers, allowing for blind identification of mixtures with the assistance of a high‐resolution mass spectrometry database. DA - 2022/9/4/ PY - 2022/9/4/ DO - 10.1111/1556-4029.15129 VL - 9 SP - SN - 1556-4029 KW - ambient ionization KW - DART (direct analysis in real-time) KW - disperse dyes KW - fibers KW - high-resolution mass spectrometry KW - polyester ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhanced Reactive Dye Inkjet Printing Performance of Antimicrobial Silk Fabrics Surface Modified with Plasma and Chitosan AU - Xu, Yi AU - Fang, Kuanjun AU - Chen, Weichao AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Zhang, Chunming T2 - FIBERS AND POLYMERS DA - 2022/8/21/ PY - 2022/8/21/ DO - 10.1007/s12221-022-4470-z VL - 8 SP - SN - 1875-0052 KW - Inkjet printing performance KW - Clean production technology KW - Antibacterial property KW - Atmospheric plasma KW - Nano-chitosan ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advances in 3D Gel Printing for Enzyme Immobilization AU - Shen, Jialong AU - Zhang, Sen AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - GELS AB - Incorporating enzymes with three-dimensional (3D) printing is an exciting new field of convergence research that holds infinite potential for creating highly customizable components with diverse and efficient biocatalytic properties. Enzymes, nature's nanoscale protein-based catalysts, perform crucial functions in biological systems and play increasingly important roles in modern chemical processing methods, cascade reactions, and sensor technologies. Immobilizing enzymes on solid carriers facilitates their recovery and reuse, improves stability and longevity, broadens applicability, and reduces overall processing and chemical conversion costs. Three-dimensional printing offers extraordinary flexibility for creating high-resolution complex structures that enable completely new reactor designs with versatile sub-micron functional features in macroscale objects. Immobilizing enzymes on or in 3D printed structures makes it possible to precisely control their spatial location for the optimal catalytic reaction. Combining the rapid advances in these two technologies is leading to completely new levels of control and precision in fabricating immobilized enzyme catalysts. The goal of this review is to promote further research by providing a critical discussion of 3D printed enzyme immobilization methods encompassing both post-printing immobilization and immobilization by physical entrapment during 3D printing. Especially, 3D printed gel matrix techniques offer mild single-step entrapment mechanisms that produce ideal environments for enzymes with high retention of catalytic function and unparalleled fabrication control. Examples from the literature, comparisons of the benefits and challenges of different combinations of the two technologies, novel approaches employed to enhance printed hydrogel physical properties, and an outlook on future directions are included to provide inspiration and insights for pursuing work in this promising field. DA - 2022/8// PY - 2022/8// DO - 10.3390/gels8080460 VL - 8 IS - 8 SP - SN - 2310-2861 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8080460 KW - 3D printing KW - biocatalysis KW - biosensing KW - enzyme KW - hydrogel KW - immobilization ER - TY - JOUR TI - New insight into the flexural rigidity of multi-filament yarn AU - Luan, Kun AU - Kirkwood, Elizabeth AU - Newman, Zoe AU - West, Andre AU - DenHartog, Emiel T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Filament yarn is one of the most widely used soft strands in the textile industry; it exhibits excellent flexibility and is capable of being used in various productions, including knitting, weaving, braiding, sewing, and embroidery. The inherent complex interlacement between fibers, including twist, entanglement, and yarn geometry, often exhibits a nonlinear response to external loads. In addition, the interlacement of fibers also introduces difficulties when accurately measuring the flexural property of multi-filament yarn. In particular, the flexural rigidity of the yarn strongly influences the quality of end products when incorporated into novel textile technologies. In this paper, we developed a three-point bending instrument and a method for measuring the flexural rigidity of filament yarn. A representative point obeyed from Coplan’s construction on the bending constitutive curve was determined to obtain pure flexural rigidity. Furthermore, the bending process and deformations across cross-sections of filament yarns were discussed. The research provides new physical insights into the yarn bending property with the consideration of eliminating the sub-deformation variabilities. The work also paves the way for the accurate and quick measurement of the flexural rigidity of high length-to-width ratio soft materials by a three-point bending method. DA - 2022/8/1/ PY - 2022/8/1/ DO - 10.1177/00405175221114655 VL - 8 SP - SN - 1746-7748 KW - Three-point bending KW - pretension KW - spun yarn KW - conductive yarn KW - flexural rigidity KW - knittability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tribology of the sock-skin Interface - the influence of different fabric parameters on sock friction AU - DeBois, Ian J. AU - Agarwal, Esha AU - Kapoor, Ashish AU - Mathur, Kavita T2 - JOURNAL OF FOOT AND ANKLE RESEARCH AB - Abstract Background The purpose of this parametric design of experiments was to identify and summarize how the influence of knit structure (single jersey vs. terry), fiber composition (polyester vs. cotton), fiber linear density (30/1 Ne vs. 18/1 Ne & 1/150/34 vs. 2/150/34), and yarn type (filament vs. spun) affected the frictional profile across the sock-skin interface. Methods Friction testing trials were completed against both a polypropylene probe and a synthetic skin material (Lorica soft®) to determine if there was a difference in friction based on interface interaction. Friction testing was completed by sliding a probe across the inside bottom surface of the sock (the part that is usually in-contact with the bottom of the foot) while instantaneously measuring the frictional force every tenth of a second. Results For both trials (plastic probe and synthetic skin), in the dry condition, knit structure was found to be the most prominent fabric parameter affecting the frictional force experienced at the sock-skin interface. It was also determined that fiber linear density, and yarn type are tertiary factors affecting the frictional force measured at the sock-skin interface. Finally, in the dry state, it was determined that fiber composition had seemingly no effect on the frictional force experienced at the sock-skin interface. Conclusion This parametric design of experiments has further enhanced the understanding of the tribology at the sock-skin interface. Through strategic design, four different textile parameters have been investigated, measured, and justified as to how each influence the friction measured between the two interfaces. This knowledge can be used to develop socks that mitigate the risk of friction blisters formation. DA - 2022/8/19/ PY - 2022/8/19/ DO - 10.1186/s13047-022-00560-5 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - SN - 1757-1146 KW - Friction blisters KW - Socks KW - Knit structure KW - Fiber composition KW - Yarn type KW - Friction KW - Tribology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Patterned crystal growth and heat wave generation in hydrogels AU - Schroeder, Thomas B. H. AU - Aizenberg, Joanna T2 - Nature Communications AB - Abstract The crystallization of metastable liquid phase change materials releases stored energy as latent heat upon nucleation and may therefore provide a triggerable means of activating downstream processes that respond to changes in temperature. In this work, we describe a strategy for controlling the fast, exothermic crystallization of sodium acetate from a metastable aqueous solution into trihydrate crystals within a polyacrylamide hydrogel whose polymerization state has been patterned using photomasks. A comprehensive experimental study of crystal shapes, crystal growth front velocities and evolving thermal profiles showed that rapid growth of long needle-like crystals through unpolymerized solutions produced peak temperatures of up to 45˚C, while slower-crystallizing polymerized solutions produced polycrystalline composites and peaked at 30˚C due to lower rates of heat release relative to dissipation in these regions. This temperature difference in the propagating heat waves, which we describe using a proposed analytical model, enables the use of this strategy to selectively activate thermoresponsive processes in predefined areas. DA - 2022/1/11/ PY - 2022/1/11/ DO - 10.1038/s41467-021-27505-z UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27505-z ER - TY - JOUR TI - Self-healing and repair of fabrics: A comprehensive review of the application toolkit AU - Ramesh, Srivatsan AU - Khan, Saad AU - Park, Yaewon AU - Ford, Ericka AU - Menegatti, Stefano AU - Genzer, Jan T2 - MATERIALS TODAY AB - Self-healing fabrics respond to chemical and physical damage by restoring functional, structural, and morphological features. We present a comprehensive review of textile hybrids or composites capable of self-healing and repairing fabrics against damages across the micro- (µm), meso- (µm – mm), and macro-scale (>mm). The reviewed literature is organized in three sections presenting (i) the chemistry and fabrication principles of designing self-healing fabrics against increasing size scales of repair, (ii) stimuli-driven and autonomous healing, and (iii) the methods to characterize the recovery of wettability, barrier, morphological, mechanical, and other properties. The discussion of mainstream methods for developing self-healing fabrics focuses on coatings, composites, and specialized fabrication techniques required as the damage size grows from µm to mm to >mm. The section on stimuli-driven repair and autonomous recovery discusses the time scales associated with different damage repair, showing how external stimuli provide a higher driving force towards healing and accelerate material restoration than autonomous recovery. Finally, an array of optical, mechanical, and functional characterization techniques is discussed to evaluate the recovery yield and understand the repair mechanisms of the various fabrics. This review demonstrates the virtually limitless uses of next-generation self-healing systems, from separations to protective clothing, anti-fouling, and self-cleaning. DA - 2022/4// PY - 2022/4// DO - 10.1016/j.mattod.2021.11.016 VL - 54 SP - 90-109 SN - 1873-4103 KW - Self-repair KW - Self-healing KW - Fabrics KW - Nonwovens KW - Property recovery KW - Repair ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhancing conversion of polysulfides via porous carbon nanofiber interlayer with dual-active sites for lithium-sulfur batteries AU - Wei, Chengbiao AU - Han, Yulan AU - Liu, Hao AU - Gan, Ruihui AU - Ma, Wenjun AU - Liu, Haihui AU - Song, Yan AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Shi, Jingli AU - Ma, Chang T2 - JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE AB - Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage. However, the notorious lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle effect and torpid redox kinetics hinder their practical application. Enhancing phase conversion efficiency and limiting the dissolution of LiPSs are critical for stabilizing Li-S batteries. Herein, sulfiphilic defective TiO2 nanoparticles (D-TiO2) were integrated into the lithiophilic N-doped porous carbon nanofiber membrane (D-TiO2@NPCNF) to construct interlayer for catalyzing the conversion of LiPSs. The D-TiO2@NPCNF provides hierarchical porous structure and large specific surface area, and the formed 3D conductive network accelerates the transport of electrons and ions. The dual-active sites (N and D-TiO2) enhance the interface conversion and chemisorption ability of LiPSs via forming "Li-N and Ti-S" bonds. Due to the structural advantage of the D-TiO2@NPCNF, the Li-S batteries exhibit excellent cycling stability (only 0.049% decay per cycle in 800cycles at 1.0C) and impressive specific capacity (608 mAh g-1 at 3.0C). This work is expected to deepen the comprehension of complex interphase conversion processes of LiPSs and provide novel ideas for the design of new interlayer materials. DA - 2022/11// PY - 2022/11// DO - 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.047 VL - 625 SP - 946-955 SN - 1095-7103 KW - Porouscarbonnanofiber KW - Dual-activesites KW - Interlayer KW - Lithium-sulfurbatteries ER - TY - JOUR TI - Shock-Loading-Based Reliability Modeling with Dependent Degradation Processes and Random Shocks AU - Wang, Rui AU - Zhu, Mengmeng T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RELIABILITY QUALITY AND SAFETY ENGINEERING AB - In general, a system deteriorates due to internal physical degradation and external random shocks. Previous studies mainly focused on establishing dependent competing risk models to evaluate mutual effects of degradation processes and random shocks affecting system health. However, there is a lack of consideration about the magnitude of impacts caused by random shocks on degradation processes. Thus, a shock-loading-based degradation model is proposed to classify the magnitude of impacts from random shocks on degradation processes based on the threshold of the cumulative shock loading. Copula methods are utilized to derive joint reliability function from multiple marginal distributions of degradation processes. Two numerical examples are utilized to demonstrate the reliability prediction performance of the proposed model. First, a simulated example is used. The second example employs the turbofan engine degradation data from the NASA Prognostic Data Repository to show the performance of the proposed shock-loading-based degradation process and its corresponding system reliability model. DA - 2022/6// PY - 2022/6// DO - 10.1142/S0218539322500024 VL - 29 IS - 03 SP - SN - 1793-6446 KW - System reliability model KW - shock loading KW - multiple degradation processes KW - copula method KW - dependent competing risks ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mad about madder AU - Williams, Tova N. T2 - NATURE CHEMISTRY DA - 2022/7/29/ PY - 2022/7/29/ DO - 10.1038/s41557-022-01015-x VL - 7 IS - 8 SP - SN - 1755-4349 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-022-01015-x ER - TY - JOUR TI - Polycarbodiimide for Textile Dye Removal from Contaminated Water AU - Lord, Meghan Davis AU - Neve, Graham AU - Keating, Mike AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, Januka T2 - ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS AB - Water pollution has been a significant challenge for the environment and human health. Dyes in water resources cause severe water pollution and block sunlight penetration through water, which impairs photosynthesis of aquatic plants as well as causes a significant alteration in ecological conditions of aquatic life. Dye-contaminated water sources can pose serious public health concerns, including toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity among other adverse health effects. Therefore, it is imperative to develop efficient methods to remove dye contaminants from water sources. Synthetic polymers, due to their versatile chemical structure, size, and shape, could provide a tunable platform to remove dyes from contaminated sources. Herein, we report a polymer-mediated removal of textile dyes from aqueous solutions. A nitrogen-rich polymer, polycarbodiimide, efficiently removed anionic dyes from a dye-contaminated acidic solution. Upon dye removal, the polymer was regenerated through modulation of the solution pH. Further investigations showed that the polymer’s ability to remove dyes was dependent on solution pH and the topological polar surface area of the dyes. Thus, the molecular mechanism for polymer–dye interactions could be attributed to a combined ionic and hydrophobic interaction. The effects of pH, ionic strength, dye concentration, and composition were also investigated. Removal of dyes from contaminated aqueous resources is important in reducing environmental pollutants and mitigating environmental and health impacts. The findings from this study provide insights into the development of polymeric materials to remove soluble dyes from contaminated water to foster environmental and water sustainability. DA - 2022/7/22/ PY - 2022/7/22/ DO - 10.1021/acsapm.2c00959 VL - 7 SP - SN - 2637-6105 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.2c00959 KW - textile dyes KW - environmental pollution KW - clean water KW - sustainability KW - polycarbodiimide KW - topological polar surface area (TPSA) KW - molecular transport ER - TY - JOUR TI - Algorithm to determine orientation distribution function from microscopic images of fibrous networks: Validation with X-ray microtomography AU - Hewavidana, Yasasween AU - Balci, Mehmet N. AU - Gleadall, Andy AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - V. Silberschmidt, Vadim AU - Demirci, Emrah T2 - MICRON AB - Quantitative analysis of fibre orientation in a random fibrous network (RFN) is important to understand their microstructure, properties and performance. 2D fibre orientation distribution presents an in-plane fibre orientation without any information on fibre orientation in thickness direction. This research introduces a fully parametric algorithm for computing 3D fibre orientation as thickness is important for high-density or thick fibrous networks. The algorithm is tested for 3 major classes of nonwoven fabrics called low- (L), medium- (M) and high-density (H) ones. H fabric density is 6-8 times larger than the L fabric density. M fabric density (traditional intermediate fabric density) is 3-4 times larger than the L fabric density. Voxel models of experimental nonwoven webs were generated by an X-ray micro-CT (µCT) system and evaluated with the algorithm. Statistical results showed that a fraction of fibres orientated along the thickness direction increases as fibre density grows. To validate the accuracy of findings, deterministic voxelated virtual fibrous structures, created using mathematical functions were used. This novel algorithm is able to produce a 3D orientation distribution function (ODF) for any RFN including, models of nonwovens produced with various manufacturing parameters, experimentally verified and validated with X-ray µCT. Also, it can compute 2D ODFs of various types of RFNs to evaluate 2D behaviour of fibrous structures. The obtained results are useful for applications in many fields including finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, additive manufacturing, etc. DA - 2022/9// PY - 2022/9// DO - 10.1016/j.micron.2022.103321 VL - 160 SP - SN - 1878-4291 KW - 3D orientation distribution function KW - Fibre density KW - Fibrous structure KW - Nonwovens KW - Parametric algorithm KW - X-ray micro -CT ER - TY - JOUR TI - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Corneal Cells: Current Status and Application AU - Mahmood, Nasif AU - Suh, Taylor Cook AU - Ali, Kiran M. AU - Sefat, Eelya AU - Jahan, Ummay Mowshome AU - Huang, Yihan AU - Gilger, Brian C. AU - Gluck, Jessica M. T2 - STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS DA - 2022/8/1/ PY - 2022/8/1/ DO - 10.1007/s12015-022-10435-8 VL - 8 SP - SN - 2629-3277 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-022-10435-8 KW - Cornea KW - Corneal tissue engineering KW - Induced pluripotent stem cells KW - Differentiation KW - Limbal stem cell deficiency ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advanced Flexible Carbon-Based Current Collector for Zinc Storage AU - Jia, Hao AU - Qiu, Minghui AU - Tang, Chunxia AU - Liu, Hongqi AU - Xu, Jinlin AU - Tawiah, Benjamin AU - Jiang, Shou-xiang AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS DA - 2022/8/1/ PY - 2022/8/1/ DO - 10.1007/s42765-022-00182-3 VL - 8 SP - SN - 2524-793X UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-022-00182-3 KW - Zinc ion supercapacitor KW - Carbon cloth KW - Oxygen plasma treatment KW - Interface kinetics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Biomaterials-Based Regenerative Strategies for Skin Tissue Wound Healing AU - Kaur, Gurvinder AU - Narayanan, Ganesh AU - Garg, Deepa AU - Sachdev, Abhay AU - Matai, Ishita T2 - ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS AB - Skin tissue wound healing proceeds through four major stages, including hematoma formation, inflammation, and neo-tissue formation, and culminates with tissue remodeling. These four steps significantly overlap with each other and are aided by various factors such as cells, cytokines (both anti- and pro-inflammatory), and growth factors that aid in the neo-tissue formation. In all these stages, advanced biomaterials provide several functional advantages, such as removing wound exudates, providing cover, transporting oxygen to the wound site, and preventing infection from microbes. In addition, advanced biomaterials serve as vehicles to carry proteins/drug molecules/growth factors and/or antimicrobial agents to the target wound site. In this review, we report recent advancements in biomaterials-based regenerative strategies that augment the skin tissue wound healing process. In conjunction with other medical sciences, designing nanoengineered biomaterials is gaining significant attention for providing numerous functionalities to trigger wound repair. In this regard, we highlight the advent of nanomaterial-based constructs for wound healing, especially those that are being evaluated in clinical settings. Herein, we also emphasize the competence and versatility of the three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technique for advanced wound management. Finally, we discuss the challenges and clinical perspective of various biomaterial-based wound dressings, along with prospective future directions. With regenerative strategies that utilize a cocktail of cell sources, antimicrobial agents, drugs, and/or growth factors, it is expected that significant patient-specific strategies will be developed in the near future, resulting in complete wound healing with no scar tissue formation. DA - 2022/4/22/ PY - 2022/4/22/ DO - 10.1021/acsabm.2c00035 VL - 5 IS - 5 SP - 2069-2106 SN - 2576-6422 KW - skin tissue KW - wound healing KW - advanced biomaterials KW - nanomaterials KW - 3D bioprinting ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular Modeling Study of the Genotoxicity of the Sudan I and Sudan II Azo Dyes and Their Metabolites AU - Bienstock, Rachelle J. AU - Perera, Lalith AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa A. T2 - FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY AB - Azo dyes are defined by the presence of a characteristic N=N group. Sudan I and Sudan II are synthetic azo dyes that have been used as coloring agents. Although animal toxicity studies suggest that Sudan dyes are mutagenic, their molecular mechanism of action is unknown, thus making it challenging to establish thresholds for tolerable daily intake or to understand how these molecules could be modified to ameliorate toxicity. In addition, dye metabolites, such as azobiphenyl and 4-aminobiphenyl, have been correlated with epigenetic alterations. We shed some light on the mechanisms of Sudan dye genotoxicity through a molecular modeling study of Sudan I and Sudan II dyes and two common metabolites interacting with DNA as adducts. The results suggest that all four adducts cause significant perturbations to the DNA helical conformation and structure; thus, it can be inferred that DNA repair and replication processes would be significantly impacted. DA - 2022/6/23/ PY - 2022/6/23/ DO - 10.3389/fchem.2022.880782 VL - 10 SP - SN - 2296-2646 KW - azo dyes KW - Sudan I KW - Sudan II KW - molecular dynamics simulations KW - DNA adducts KW - DNA damage KW - genotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR TI - B, N, F tri-doped lignin-derived carbon nanofibers as an efficient metal-free bifunctional electrocatalyst for ORR and OER in rechargeable liquid/ solid-state Zn-air batteries AU - Wang, Yali AU - Gan, Ruihui AU - Zhao, Sa AU - Ma, Wenjun AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Song, Yan AU - Ma, Chang AU - Shi, Jingli T2 - APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE AB - The exploitation of cost-effective and high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is vital for the development of rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, B, N and F tri-doped lignin-based carbon porous nanofibers (BNF-LCFs) were prepared by electrospinning and pyrolysis without extra post-treatment using biomass lignin as carbon precursor, PVP as spinning additive, zinc borate as boron source, ammonium fluoride as fluorine source and partial nitrogen source. This method is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of B, N and F heteroatoms, large specific surface area and abundant defect sites, the BNF-LCF catalyst exhibits impressive bifunctional electrocatalytic performance towards ORR and OER with a small potential gap (ΔE) of 0.728 V. It outperforms the commercial Pt/C + RuO2 and most recently-reported non-metal carbon-based electrocatalysts. The liquid Zn-air batteries (ZABs) assembled with BNF-LCFs present a high open circuit potential of 1.536 V, a large specific capacity of 791.5 mAh g−1 and satisfactory cycling stability, superior to Pt + RuO2-based ZABs. Furthermore, the solid-state ZABs assembled with BNF-LCFs not only deliver excellent electrochemical performance, but also exhibit admirable mechanical flexibility and cycling stability, indicating favorable application prospects in flexible and wearable electronic devices. DA - 2022/10/1/ PY - 2022/10/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153891 VL - 598 SP - SN - 1873-5584 KW - Tri-doping KW - Lignin KW - Carbon nanofibers KW - Oxygen reduction reaction KW - Oxygen evolution reaction KW - Zn-air battery ER - TY - JOUR TI - A collagen/PLA hybrid scaffold supports tendon-derived cell growth for tendon repair and regeneration AU - Xie, Yu AU - Zhang, Fan AU - Akkus, Ozan AU - King, Martin W. T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS AB - Abstract A rotator cuff tendon tear is a common shoulder injury with a relatively high rate of recurrence after surgical repair. In order to reinforce the repair and reduce the risk of clinical complications, a patch scaffold is typically sutured over the tendon tear to provide post‐surgical mechanical support. However, despite considerable research effort in this area, a patch scaffold that provides both superior initial mechanical properties and supports cell proliferation at the same time has not yet been achieved. In this study, we engineered a collagen/poly(lactic acid) (COL/PLA) hybrid yarn to leverage mechanical strength of PLA yarn and the bioactivity of collagen. The COL/PLA yarns were used to fabricate a tissue engineering scaffold using textile weaving technology. This hybrid scaffold had a tensile strength of 354.0 ± 36.0 N under dry conditions and 267.2 ± 15.9 N under wet conditions, which was satisfactory to maintain normal tendon function. By introducing COL yarns into the hybrid scaffold, the proliferation of tendon‐derived cells was significantly improved on the scaffold. Cell coverage after 28‐days of in vitro cell culture was noticeably higher on the COL yarns compared to the PLA yarns as a result of a larger number of cells and more spread cell morphology on collagen. Cells spread in multiple directions on COL yarns, which resembled a more natural cell attachment on extracellular matrix. On the contrary, the cells attached to the PLA filaments presented an elongated morphology along the fiber's axial direction. Combining the mechanical robustness of PLA and the biological activity of collagen, the woven COL/PLA hybrid scaffold has shown its potential to be a promising candidate for tendon repair applications. DA - 2022/7/2/ PY - 2022/7/2/ DO - 10.1002/jbm.b.35116 VL - 7 SP - SN - 1552-4981 KW - biomaterials KW - biotextiles KW - collagen yarn KW - tendon regeneration KW - tissue engineering scaffold ER - TY - JOUR TI - Technological Innovation and Industrial Decline: The Case of the Automatic Loom in the British Cotton Industry AU - Jackson, Kenneth C. AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW AB - Designing an automatic loom that replenishes weft mechanically without operative intervention challenged the ingenuity of engineers and technologists from the middle of the 19th century until about 1970, when further development ceased in favour of shuttleless alternatives. Although well established in the United States for manufacturing basic cotton fabrics by 1914, and sufficiently well advanced for producing a wide range of fabrics by 1930, the diffusion of the automatic loom in the British cotton industry was sluggish until the 1950s. The reasons are best understood by examining the operational prerequisites, provision of which in Britain was confounded by longstanding rigidities in accounting policy and industrial relations at the level of the firm, and in strategic management at the level of the industry. At the heart of this was the longevity of the traditional non-automatic Lancashire loom, both in design and operation. The article is a counterpoise to the orthodox economic analyses that tend to be dismissive of technological constructs. DA - 2022/1/2/ PY - 2022/1/2/ DO - 10.1080/03090728.2022.2058855 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 48-60 SN - 1745-8196 KW - Lancashire loom KW - automatic weaving KW - operational context KW - average cost curve KW - diffusion of technology KW - British cotton industry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content AU - Biswas, Manik Chandra AU - Ford, Ericka T2 - POLYMERS AB - Lignin is the world's most naturally abundant aromatic polymer, which makes it a sustainable raw material for engineered polymers and fiber manufacturing. Dry-jet gel-spinning was used to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers having 30% or more of the lignin biopolymer. To achieve this goal, 0.45 wt.% of aqueous sodium polyacrylate (SPA, at 0.55 wt.% solids) was added to spinning dopes of PVA dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). SPA served to enable the spinning of fibers having high lignin content (i.e., above 30%) while eliminating the aging of as-spun gel fiber prior to elevated temperature drawing. SPA impedes the migration of acetone soluble lignin from the skin of as-spun gel fibers, because SPA is insoluble in acetone, which is also a nonsolvent coagulant for PVA. PVA fibers having 30% lignin exhibited the highest tenacity of 1.3 cN/dtex (centinewton/decitex) and specific modulus 35.7 cN/dtex. The drawn fiber of 70% lignin to PVA, showed tenacity and specific modulus values of 0.94 cN/dtex and 35.3 cN/dtex, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed evidence of hydrogen bonding between lignin and PVA among the drawn fibers. The modification of PVA/lignin dopes with SPA, therefore, allowed for the fabrication of gel-spun biobased fibers without the previously required step of gel aging. DA - 2022/7// PY - 2022/7// DO - 10.3390/polym14132736 VL - 14 IS - 13 SP - SN - 2073-4360 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132736 KW - bio-based precursor KW - lignin KW - PVA fiber KW - green KW - eco-composites KW - process enhancement KW - gel aging elimination KW - continuous process ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multilayer MXene Heterostructures and Nanohybrids for Multifunctional Applications: A Review AU - Mahmud, Sharif Tasnim AU - Hasan, Md Mehdi AU - Bain, Sudipta AU - Rahman, Sheikh Tamjidur AU - Rhaman, Mukitur AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - Ordu, Mustafa T2 - ACS MATERIALS LETTERS AB - MXenes (transition metal carbides and nitrides) have experienced exponential growth over the last two decades, thanks to their excellent physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Intriguing properties like high conductivity, wear, and corrosion resistance while maintaining flexibility are the strong motivation behind the exploration of MXenes. Moreover, the large surface area and unique layered structure enhance the functionality of multilayer-MXene heterostructures and hybrids. This paper reviews the synthesis chemistry, structure properties of multilayer MXenes, and their multifunctional applications. MXene synthesis under different conditions, their hybrids and composites, intercalation, and structural geometries are discussed. The electrical, mechanical, optical, and magnetic properties of MXenes are briefly presented. Recent progress and development in MXene-based heterostructures and nanohybrids for supercapacitors, batteries, environmental and water treatment, antibacterial and tissue engineering, and electromagnetic absorption and shielding are systematically discussed. Finally, research challenges and a perspective in this specified area are addressed for potential developments. DA - 2022/6/6/ PY - 2022/6/6/ DO - 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.2c00175 VL - 4 IS - 6 SP - 1174-1206 SN - 2639-4979 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic activity of ZnO/ZnS/g-C3N4 by decreasing the bandgap and reducing the crystallite size via facile one-step fabrication AU - Hanif, Md. Abu AU - Akter, Jeasmin AU - Islam, Md. Akherul AU - Lee, Insup AU - Sapkota, Kamal Prasad AU - Shrestha, Santu AU - Pandey, Anil AU - Gyawali, Narayan AU - Hahn, Jae Ryang T2 - JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY AB - Ternary ZnO/ZnS/g-C3N4 (ZZGC) nanocomposites were synthesized via a modified high-pressure solvent-free thermal method and subsequently used as highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts to degrade organic pollutants. ZZGC composites were prepared at different temperatures and characterized by several microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The best composite (named ZZGC-1, prepared at 400℃) exhibited 98.39% photocatalytic efficiency of methylene blue (MB) dye within 70 min under visible-light illumination. In addition, ZZGC-1 showed 1185% and 222% greater activity compared with similar reactions involving no catalyst and involving the corresponding binary composite (ZnO/ZnS prepared at 400℃), respectively. Under the same experimental conditions, ZZGC-1 demonstrated 89.04% efficiency for the deterioration of Congo red dye. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZZGC-1 may be due to its greater specific surface area compared with that of other composite photocatalysts. No substantial loss of activity or structural arrangement of ZZGC-1 was detected after five successive cycles. Overall, ZZGC nanocomposites can be used for practical and quick visible-light-driven photocatalytic wastewater treatment. DA - 2022/10/1/ PY - 2022/10/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114066 VL - 431 SP - SN - 1873-2666 KW - Ternary nanocomposites KW - Modified thermal method KW - Specific surface area KW - Photocatalytic degradation KW - Organic pollutant KW - Wastewater ER - TY - JOUR TI - Structure-Performance Relationships of Li-Ion Battery Fiber-Based Separators AU - Luiso, Salvatore AU - Petrecca, Michael J. AU - Williams, Austin H. AU - Christopher, Jerush AU - Velev, Orlin D. AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Fedkiw, Peter S. T2 - ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS AB - Lithium-ion battery separators are receiving increased consideration from the scientific community. Many research efforts trend toward creating high-performance fiber-based battery separators with a small and uniform pore size to maximize ionic conductivity and cell discharge capacity. Here, we show that not only the pore size but also the pore size distribution has an important effect on these electrochemical properties. In this work, we studied nonwoven membranes fabricated from a single polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), with different pore sizes and pore size distributions using three different techniques (meltblowing, electrospinning, and shear spinning). We evaluate their performance as separators in Li-ion cells. Although meltblowing is commonly employed to produce commercial microfibers/nanofibers, electrospinning has been studied mostly in the academic literature. Shear spinning is an emerging method to fabricate nanofibrous material where, for this study, the morphology of the resulting PVDF membranes may be controlled from fibrous-like to nano-sheet-like with subsequent effects on the electrochemical properties. We show that the smaller the pore size and the wider the pore size distribution, the higher are the electrolyte uptake and ionic conductivity of the mats, resulting in improved in-use discharge capacity and rate capability of Li/LiCoO2 cells. DA - 2022/5/13/ PY - 2022/5/13/ DO - 10.1021/acsapm.2c00216 VL - 4 IS - 5 SP - 3676-3686 SN - 2637-6105 KW - meltblown KW - electrospun KW - shear KW - PVDF KW - nonwoven KW - separator KW - batteries ER - TY - JOUR TI - Recent Update on the Development of Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Inhibitors: A Promising Target for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease AU - Patel, Ashish AU - Patel, Stuti AU - Mehta, Meshwa AU - Patel, Yug AU - Langaliya, Dhruv AU - Bhalodiya, Shyam AU - Bambharoliya, Tushar T2 - MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AB - Parkinson's disease is a relatively common neurological disorder with incidence increasing with age. Since current medications only relieve the symptoms and do not change the course of the disease, therefore, finding disease-modifying therapies is a critical unmet medical need. However, significant progress in understanding how genetics underpins Parkinson's disease (PD) has opened up new opportunities for understanding disease pathogenesis and identifying possible therapeutic targets. One such target is leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), an elusive enzyme implicated in both familial and idiopathic PD risk. As a result, both academia and industry have promoted the development of potent and selective inhibitors of LRRK2. In this review, we have summarized recent progress on the discovery and development of LRKK2 inhibitors as well as the bioactivity of several small-molecule LRRK2 inhibitors that have been used to inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity in vitro or in vivo. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.2174/1573406418666220215122136 VL - 18 IS - 7 SP - 757-771 SN - 1875-6638 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85131678836&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) KW - Parkinson's disease (PD) KW - brain penetrant LRKK2 inhibitors KW - G2019S-LRRK2 mutant KW - wild-type LRKK2 KW - promising target ER - TY - JOUR TI - Textile-Integrated Liquid Metal Electrodes for Electrophysiological Monitoring AU - Li, Braden M. AU - Reese, Brandon L. AU - Ingram, Katherine AU - Huddleston, Mary E. AU - Jenkins, Meghan AU - Zaets, Allison AU - Reuter, Matthew AU - Grogg, Matthew W. AU - Nelson, M. Tyler AU - Zhou, Ying AU - Ju, Beomjun AU - Sennik, Busra AU - Farrell, Zachary J. AU - Jur, Jesse S. AU - Tabor, Christopher E. T2 - ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS AB - Next generation textile-based wearable sensing systems will require flexibility and strength to maintain capabilities over a wide range of deformations. However, current material sets used for textile-based skin contacting electrodes lack these key properties, which hinder applications such as electrophysiological sensing. In this work, a facile spray coating approach to integrate liquid metal nanoparticle systems into textile form factors for conformal, flexible, and robust electrodes is presented. The liquid metal system employs functionalized liquid metal nanoparticles that provide a simple "peel-off to activate" means of imparting conductivity. The spray coating approach combined with the functionalized liquid metal system enables the creation of long-term reusable textile-integrated liquid metal electrodes (TILEs). Although the TILEs are dry electrodes by nature, they show equal skin-electrode impedances and sensing capabilities with improved wearability compared to commercial wet electrodes. Biocompatibility of TILEs in an in vivo skin environment is demonstrated, while providing improved sensing performance compared to previously reported textile-based dry electrodes. The "spray on dry-behave like wet" characteristics of TILEs opens opportunities for textile-based wearable health monitoring, haptics, and augmented/virtual reality applications that require the use of flexible and conformable dry electrodes. DA - 2022/7/27/ PY - 2022/7/27/ DO - 10.1002/adhm.202200745 VL - 7 SP - SN - 2192-2659 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202200745 KW - airbrush KW - e-textiles KW - flexible electronics KW - smart textiles KW - soft electrodes KW - spray coating ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comparison of the mechanical properties and anchoring performance of polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene barbed sutures for tendon repair AU - Huang, Yihan AU - Cadet, Edwin R. AU - King, Martin W. AU - Cole, Jacqueline H. T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS AB - Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been considered as an alternative suture material to replace polypropylene (PP) due to its superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties, but it has never been examined for use in barbed sutures, particularly for tendon repair. This study fabricated size 2–0 PVDF and PP bidirectional barbed sutures and compared their mechanical properties and anchoring performance in patellar tendons. The mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile testing, and the anchoring performance of the barbed sutures was assessed by a tendon suture pullout test. Sixty porcine patellar tendons were harvested, transected to mimic a full‐thickness injury, and repaired using a cross‐locked cruciate suturing technique. The ultimate tensile force was 60% higher for the PVDF barbed sutures (22.4 ± 2.1 N) than for the PP barbed sutures (14.0 ± 1.7 N). The maximum pullout force was 35% higher for PVDF barbed sutures (70.8 ± 7.8 N) than for PP barbed sutures (52.4 ± 5.8 N). The force needed to form a 2‐mm gap, indicative of repair failure, was similar between the PVDF (29.2 ± 5.0 N) and PP (25.6 ± 3.1 N) barbed sutures, but both were greater than the 2‐mm‐gap forces for non‐barbed sutures of the same size. In this study, PVDF barbed sutures provided better mechanical properties and improved tissue anchoring performance compared to the barbed PP sutures for porcine patellar tendon repair, demonstrating that PVDF monofilament sutures can be barbed and used effectively for tendon repair. DA - 2022/6/8/ PY - 2022/6/8/ DO - 10.1002/jbm.b.35074 VL - 6 SP - SN - 1552-4981 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35074 KW - barbed sutures KW - biomechanics KW - ex vivo KW - polypropylene KW - polyvinylidene fluoride KW - tendon repair ER - TY - JOUR TI - Highly Foldable, Super-Sensitive, and Transparent Nanocellulose/Ceramic/Polymer Cover Windows for Flexible OLED Displays AU - Xie, Jingyi AU - Jia, Dongmei AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Xia, Yi AU - Li, Chunxing AU - Liu, Yi AU - Cui, Meng AU - Yan, Chaoyi AU - Wan, Jiayu AU - Liu, Hao AU - Chen, Gang AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Tao, Jinsong T2 - ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES AB - Polymer cover windows are important components of flexible OLED displays but they easily generate wrinkles because of their weak folding resistance. Increasing the polymer thickness can improve the folding resistance but it decreases the touch sensitivity. Thus, fabricating highly foldable and supersensitive polymer cover windows is still challenging. Here, by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and zirconia (ZrO2) into colorless polyimide (CPI), we developed a highly foldable and supersensitive hybrid cover window. Inspired by the theory of elasticity, we added rigid CNCs into CPI to improve the elastic modulus and hence the foldability. ZrO2 was introduced to improve dielectric properties, which leads to improved touch sensitivity. After these modifications, the elastic modulus of the cover windows was increased from 1432 to 2221 MPa, whereas its dielectric constant was increased from 2.95 to 3.46 (@1 × 106 Hz), resulting in significantly enhanced foldability and sensitivity. Meanwhile, because of the nano size of CNCs and ZrO2, the hybrid cover windows exhibit excellent optical properties with the transmittance of ∼88.1%@550 nm and haze of 2.39%. With improved and balanced mechanical, dielectric, and optical properties, these hybrid cover windows overcome current cover windows' defects and could be widely used in next-generation flexible displays. DA - 2022/4/13/ PY - 2022/4/13/ DO - 10.1021/acsami.2c01353 VL - 14 IS - 14 SP - 16658-16668 SN - 1944-8252 KW - cellulose nanocrystals KW - zirconia KW - colorless polyimide KW - cover window KW - flexible OLED displays ER - TY - JOUR TI - Controlling PA6/PET adhesion to facilitate interfacial fracture AU - Machikiti, Zvikomborero AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Genzer, Jan AU - Efimenko, Kirill T2 - EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL AB - Microfibers get often produced in the form of bicomponent polymer systems. The materials of choice are Nylon 6 (PA6) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). This combination of PA6 and PET is preferable because of its beneficial attributes (i.e., thermal stability, mechanical strength, etc.). PA6 and PET exhibit high adhesion when processed at elevated temperatures due to chemical bonds formation by aminolysis of the ester group in PET with a secondary amine in PA6. These fibers are split/fibrillated by mechanical energy (hydroentangling or needle punching). For energy input, it is desirable to have adhesion between the PA6 and PET materials that is not too strong to allow for easy polymer splitting. Therefore, we developed a method for tailoring the PA6/PET interface adhesion by adding modifiers that react preferentially with the PA6 component. The reactivity between PA6 and PET was investigated by spin coating thin films of PA6 and PET on silicon wafers and annealing them at high temperatures. The reaction between PET and small molecules containing secondary amines (i.e., caprolactam, diallyamine, diethylamine, and diisopropylamine) shows a chemical bond between the ester group in PET and the secondary amine group. The poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) and poly(octadecene-alt-maleic anhydride) (POMA) were chosen as model polymer interfacial modifiers. The feasibility of modifying secondary amines is examined by reacting the two modifiers, PSMA and POMA, with small molecules containing secondary amine groups. PA6 and PET display high fracture toughness (i.e., adhesion strength) at elevated temperatures and longer annealing times because of strong interactions between the amine and ester groups in PA6 and PET, respectively. We then assess the adhesion strength between PA6 and PET modified with PSMA and POMA. Both modifiers reduce interfacial adhesion strength between PA6 and PET. Therefore, it is feasible to tailor adhesion at the PA6/PET interface, which could prove helpful in microfibers production. DA - 2022/5/15/ PY - 2022/5/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111196 VL - 171 SP - SN - 1873-1945 KW - Interfacial adhesion KW - Modification KW - Fracture toughness KW - Annealing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun Carbon Nanotube-Based Scaffolds Exhibit High Conductivity and Cytocompatibility for Tissue Engineering Applications AU - Suh, Taylor C. AU - Twiddy, Jack AU - Mahmood, Nasif AU - Ali, Kiran M. AU - Lubna, Mostakima M. AU - Bradford, Philip D. AU - Daniele, Michael A. AU - Gluck, Jessica M. T2 - ACS OMEGA AB - Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known for their excellent conductive properties. Here, we present two novel methods, "sandwich" (sCNT) and dual deposition (DD CNT), for incorporating CNTs into electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin scaffolds to increase their conductance. Based on CNT percentage, the DD CNT scaffolds contain significantly higher quantities of CNTs than the sCNT scaffolds. The inclusion of CNTs increased the electrical conductance of scaffolds from 0.0 ± 0.00 kS (non-CNT) to 0.54 ± 0.10 kS (sCNT) and 5.22 ± 0.49 kS (DD CNT) when measured parallel to CNT arrays and to 0.25 ± 0.003 kS (sCNT) and 2.85 ± 1.12 (DD CNT) when measured orthogonally to CNT arrays. The inclusion of CNTs increased fiber diameter and pore size, promoting cellular migration into the scaffolds. CNT inclusion also decreased the degradation rate and increased hydrophobicity of scaffolds. Additionally, CNT inclusion increased Young's modulus and failure load of scaffolds, increasing their mechanical robustness. Murine fibroblasts were maintained on the scaffolds for 30 days, demonstrating high cytocompatibility. The increased conductivity and high cytocompatibility of the CNT-incorporated scaffolds make them appropriate candidates for future use in cardiac and neural tissue engineering. DA - 2022/6/14/ PY - 2022/6/14/ DO - 10.1021/acsomega.2c01807 VL - 7 IS - 23 SP - 20006-20019 SN - 2470-1343 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c01807 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An integrated materials approach to ultrapermeable and ultraselective CO2 polymer membranes AU - Sandru, Marius AU - Sandru, Eugenia M. AU - Ingram, Wade F. AU - Deng, Jing AU - Stenstad, Per M. AU - Deng, Liyuan AU - Spontak, Richard J. T2 - SCIENCE AB - Advances in membrane technologies that combine greatly improved carbon dioxide (CO2) separation efficacy with low costs, facile fabrication, feasible upscaling, and mechanical robustness are needed to help mitigate global climate change. We introduce a hybrid-integrated membrane strategy wherein a high-permeability thin film is chemically functionalized with a patchy CO2-philic grafted chain surface layer. A high-solubility mechanism enriches the concentration of CO2 in the surface layer hydrated by water vapor naturally present in target gas streams, followed by fast CO2 transport through a highly permeable (but low-selectivity) polymer substrate. Analytical methods confirm the existence of an amine surface layer. Integrated multilayer membranes prepared in this way are not diffusion limited and retain much of their high CO2 permeability, and their CO2 selectivity is concurrently increased in some cases by more than ~150-fold. DA - 2022/4/1/ PY - 2022/4/1/ DO - 10.1126/science.abj9351 VL - 376 IS - 6588 SP - 90-+ SN - 1095-9203 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of the moisture barrier and thermal liner components on the heat strain and thermal protective performance of firefighter turnout systems AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, A. Shawn AU - Barker, Roger AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Watson, Kyle T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - An ideal firefighter turnout system should be capable of releasing body heat to prevent heat stress, indicated by THL (total heat loss) and R ef (evaporative resistance) indexes, while maintaining high thermal protective performance (TPP). Our study found no correlations between THL and R ef , or between R ef and TPP. The results showed that, when tested in the mild condition as in the standard THL test method, turnout systems with bi-component moisture barriers exhibited an advantage in THL that did not translate to more thermally stressful hot environments. A physiological manikin was used to understand the effect of turnout clothing systems on heat strain in different environmental conditions and the value of utilizing R ef or THL to predict heat strain performance. We found no difference in heat strain performance between composites with one-layer and two-layer spunlace thermal liners in mild or hot conditions. It showed that both THL and R ef had their limitations: THL only predicted thermal burden in mild environments, while R ef was only correlated in hot conditions. Thus, the exclusive reliance on either index could increase the risk of heat stress, and we recommend incorporating the R ef heat strain index, along with THL, as dual metrics for certifying the heat strain performance of turnout suits in the NFPA 1971 standard. DA - 2022/5/23/ PY - 2022/5/23/ DO - 10.1177/00405175221099947 VL - 5 SP - SN - 1746-7748 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175221099947 KW - Firefighter heat stress KW - protective clothing KW - total heat loss KW - evaporative resistance KW - physiological manikin ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthesis of a Novel and More Sustainable Cationic Bleach Activator,N-[4-(N,N,N)-Triethylammoniumchloride-butanoyl] Butyrolactam, for Cotton: Optimization and Theoretical Limitations br AU - Altay, Pelin AU - Yildirim, Erol AU - Gursoy, Nevin Cigdem AU - Hauser, Peter J. AU - El-Shafei, Ahmed T2 - ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING AB - Activated bleach systems have the potential to produce more efficient kinetically potent bleaching systems through increased oxidation rates with reduced energy cost and less time, hence causing less cellulose polymer chain damage or degradation than conventional hot peroxide bleaching. This article presents a study at the molecular level of a novel and more sustainable cationic bleach activator for cotton than aromatic-based cationic bleach activators using combined experimental and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In this study, a novel and aliphatic-based cationic bleach activator, N-[4-(N,N,N)-triethylammoniumchloride-butanoyl] butyrolactam (TBUCB), was synthesized and applied for hot peroxide-cotton bleaching to optimize the bleaching conditions at lower temperatures. To improve the bleaching efficiency in the presence of TBUCB, the limitations of TBUCB, namely, the limitations of peracid generation in situ, have been identified using DFT calculations. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism via identifying plausible transition state(s) of the nucleophilic attack of perhydroxyl anion (HOO–) at different carbonyl carbons and the advantages and limitations of the TBUCB activator for hydrogen peroxide bleaching for cotton. The results obtained showed that a whiteness index greater than 80 for cellulose can be achieved using an activated H2O2-TBUCB bleaching system at a lower temperature, providing reduced energy costs while maintaining the integrity of cellulose polymer chains. DA - 2022/4/11/ PY - 2022/4/11/ DO - 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c07233 VL - 10 IS - 14 SP - 4415-4424 SN - 2168-0485 KW - sustainable bleaching system KW - synthesis of bleach activator KW - N-[4-(N KW - N KW - N) triethylammoniumchloride-butanoyl] butyrolactam (TBUCB) KW - DFT calculations KW - molecular modeling ER - TY - JOUR TI - Excellent photo-detection properties of cerium doped ZnO device fabricated by spray pyrolysis technique AU - Shkir, Mohd AU - Hakami, Jabir AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - Awwad, Nasser S. AU - Khan, Aslam T2 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS AB - Recently, n-type ZnO is identified as a promising candidate for ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) due to their suitable optoelectronics properties. Hence, in this work we fabricated the ZnO and Ce doped ZnO (ZnO:Ce) based UV Photo detectors by spray pyrolysis technique. Prior to the photodetection studies, the wurtzite structure of ZnO:Ce samples is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The 2D and 3D topography and morphology of the films are probed by AFM study. Further, the elemental compositions are confirmed with EDX spectrum. The optical studies such as UV–visible absorbance and photoluminescence emission spectra are respectively recorded to find the bandgap and the defect states in ZnO:Ce. Finally, the UV photodetection properties of fabricated thin film devices are studied under the irradiation of 365 nm laser. Photo detector sensing parameters such as responsivity, detectivity and the external quantum efficiency of the ZnO:Ce(2.0%) sample exhibited maximum values of 0.27 AW−1, 63% and 2.18 × 1010 Jones and it proved to be a potential sensor application as UV Photodetector. DA - 2022/6// PY - 2022/6// DO - 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109439 VL - 140 SP - SN - 1879-0259 KW - ZnO KW - Band gap KW - Cerium doping KW - Photodetectors KW - Optoelectronics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Field and full-scale laboratory testing of prototype wildland fire shelters AU - Roise, Joseph AU - Williams, John AU - Barker, Roger AU - Morton-Aslanis, John T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE AB - This paper describes a series of tests conducted to evaluate prototype fire shelters designed to provide enhanced thermal protective insulation in wildland fire burn-over events. Full-scale laboratory and field tests are used to compare the thermal performance of the prototypes with a fire shelter construction in current use in the United States. Laboratory tests showed that the prototype fire shelters outperformed the current shelter in providing fire-blocking thermal insulation in tests designed to simulate exposure to the intense flame conditions encountered in wildland fires. Field tests supported laboratory comparisons, but proved to be statistically inconclusive in differentiating shelter performance because of the variability inherent in thermal data obtained in field burns. This study confirmed the value of evaluating prototype shelter designs in laboratory tests capable of reproducibly simulating exposure to turbulent flames encountered in wildland fires. DA - 2022/4/28/ PY - 2022/4/28/ DO - 10.1071/WF21102 SP - SN - 1448-5516 KW - conduction KW - convection KW - field testing of fire shelters KW - fire shelter KW - flame-blocking materials KW - laboratory testing of fire shelters KW - M2002 KW - personal protection in wildland fires KW - radiation KW - wildland fire shelters ER - TY - JOUR TI - In Vitro Biocompatibility and Degradation Analysis of Mass-Produced Collagen Fibers AU - Ali, Kiran M. AU - Huang, Yihan AU - Amanah, Alaowei Y. AU - Mahmood, Nasif AU - Suh, Taylor C. AU - Gluck, Jessica M. T2 - POLYMERS AB - Automation and mass-production are two of the many limitations in the tissue engineering industry. Textile fabrication methods such as electrospinning are used extensively in this field because of the resemblance of the extracellular matrix to the fiber structure. However, electrospinning has many limitations, including the ability to mass-produce, automate, and reproduce products. For this reason, this study evaluates the potential use of a traditional textile method such as spinning. Apart from mass production, these methods are also easy, efficient, and cost-effective. This study uses bovine-derived collagen fibers to create yarns using the traditional ring spinning method. The collagen yarns are proven to be biocompatible. Enzymatic biodegradability was also confirmed for its potential use in vivo. The results of this study prove the safety and efficacy of the material and the fabrication method. The material encourages higher cell proliferation and migration compared to tissue culture-treated plastic plates. The process is not only simple but is also streamlined and replicable, resulting in standardized products that can be reproduced. DA - 2022/5// PY - 2022/5// DO - 10.3390/polym14102100 VL - 14 IS - 10 SP - SN - 2073-4360 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102100 KW - collagen KW - tissue engineering KW - biomaterials KW - biocompatibility KW - scaffolds ER - TY - JOUR TI - Relationship between heat loss indexes and physiological indicators of turnout-related heat strain in mild and hot environments AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, A. Shawn AU - Barker, Roger AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Watson, Kyle T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS AB - A validated physiological manikin method was used to qualify environmentally dependent correlations between firefighter turnout total heat loss (THL) and intrinsic evaporative resistance (Ref) heat strain indexes and core temperature rise in stressful work conducted in mild (25 °C, 65% relative humidity [RH]) and hot (35 °C, 40% RH; 40 °C, 28% RH) conditions. Five turnout suit constructions representing a wide range of breathability were selected. The observed correlations between measured material heat loss and core temperature showed that the THL heat strain index accurately forecast thermal burden in mild environments (<25 °C); while the Ref index provided accurate prediction in hot environments (>35 °C). They showed that the THL index did not predict heat strain in hot work environments. The findings of this study support incorporating both the Ref and THL heat strain indexes as dual metrics for characterizing the heat strain performance of turnout clothing fabrics. DA - 2022/4/29/ PY - 2022/4/29/ DO - 10.1080/10803548.2022.2058746 VL - 3 SP - SN - 2376-9130 KW - firefighter heat stress KW - protective clothing KW - total heat loss KW - evaporative resistance KW - physiological manikin ER - TY - JOUR TI - Using a physiological manikin to evaluate the effect of foam thermal reinforcement in firefighter turnout construction on heat strain AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, A. Shawn AU - Barker, Roger L. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - Firefighter turnout gear is a significant contributor to firefighter heat stress. This study uses a physiological manikin procedure to show how adding impermeable foam reinforcement in a firefighter suit construction can detrimentally affect firefighter heat strain. It shows that singular reliance on the THL (total heat loss) requirement called for by the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) 1971 performance standard for firefighter gear leaves a critical gap in information needed to evaluate the heat strain contribution of reinforced turnout suit constructions. This is because THL test only measures heat loss through flat swatches of fabric used in the main body of the turnout suit construction. It does not account for the additional insulation and moisture vapor resistance of reinforcement or the overwhelming effects of garment air layers. This study demonstrates instrumented manikin testing procedures can supply the missing information in laboratory based heat strain performance testing of firefighter turnout suits. DA - 2022/4/29/ PY - 2022/4/29/ DO - 10.1080/00405000.2022.2072139 SP - SN - 1754-2340 KW - Heat stress KW - firefighter KW - clothing reinforcement KW - total heat loss KW - physiological manikin ER - TY - JOUR TI - Novel 3-D Spacer Textiles to Protect Crops from Insect Infestation and That Enhance Plant Growth AU - Cave, Grayson L. AU - West, Andre J. AU - McCord, Marian G. AU - Koene, Bryan AU - Beck, J. Benjamin AU - Deguenon, Jean M. AU - Luan, Kun AU - Roe, R. Michael T2 - AGRICULTURE-BASEL AB - Pesticide-free, 3-D, spacer fabrics (Plant Armor Generation (PA Gen) 1 and 2) were investigated for proof-of-concept as an insect barrier to protect plants and improve plant agronomics for organic farming. The time to 50% penetration (TP50) for tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) adults in laboratory Petri dish bioassays was 30 and 175 min for PA Gen 1 and 2, respectively, and 12 min for the control (a commercially available, single layer-crop cover, Proteknet). PA Gen 2 was ≥90% resistant to penetration of unfed caterpillar neonates, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), while the TP50‘s for Gen 1 and Proteknet were 3.1 and 2.35 h, respectively. In small cage studies, PA Gen 2 covered potted cabbage plants were 100% resistant to penetration by these insects through 10 d after which the study was ended. In small field plot studies for 3 summer months, cabbage plants grew approximately twice as fast when covered versus not covered with Gen 1 and Gen 2 without the need for insecticides or herbicides. This was not observed for the control crop cover. Martindale abrasion tests demonstrated Gen 1 and 2 were at least 6- and 1.8-fold more durable than the control crop cover used. Data are also presented on percentage light, water, air, and water vapor penetration across each textile and operational temperatures and humidity for cabbage plants covered and uncovered in small field plots. DA - 2022/4// PY - 2022/4// DO - 10.3390/agriculture12040498 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - SN - 2077-0472 KW - insect control KW - organic farming KW - non-insecticidal KW - spacer fabric KW - enhanced plant growth ER - TY - JOUR TI - A General Equivalent Electrical Circuit Model for the characterization of MXene/graphene oxide hybrid-fiber supercapacitors by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy - Impact of fiber length AU - Mainka, Julia AU - Gao, Wei AU - He, Nanfei AU - Dillet, Jerome AU - Lottin, Olivier T2 - ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA AB - Performance engineering of electrochemical energy-storage devices such as Supercapacitors (SCs) requires updated modeling capable of characterizing their electrical output in unique device geometries. In this work, an Equivalent Electrical Circuit (EEC) is developed to fit the impedance data of pseudo-capacitive and electrostatic fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSCs). The model is applied for the interpretation of impedance data measured on FSCs made of reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) and MXene in the case of pseudo-capacitors and pure carbon in the case of Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) as active electrode materials, and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) gel infiltrated with sulfuric acid as the electrolyte and separator. The FSC charge storage behavior is modeled using a Transmission Line Model (TLM) including a finite Warburg impedance for pseudo-capacitance, and a Constant-Phase Element (CPE) for the electrostatic contribution. The high frequency part of the Nyquist plots is characterized by a 45° straight line and the use of a TLM clearly improves the fit quality compared to a Randles circuit usually used for pseudo-capacitor modeling. The difference between the two ciruits becomes more visible as the length of the SC yarns increases, which is consistent with the observed increase in internal resistance with fiber length evidenced with the TLM. Furthermore, the fitting results indicate that the internal resistance of the TLM predominantly corresponds to the electrical resistance of the fiber, i.e. the electron conductive phase of the electrode, instead of the electrolyte ionic resistance in usual SCs. Finally, the low frequency part of the spectra is correctly modeled by a CPE without any leakage resistance, showing that self-discharge is not a significant issue for the electrostatic contribution, at least in the frequency range tested. DA - 2022/2/1/ PY - 2022/2/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139740 VL - 404 SP - SN - 1873-3859 KW - Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy KW - (EIS) KW - Equivalent Electrical Circuit (EEC) KW - Transmission Line Model (TLM) KW - Fiber-shaped Supercapacitors (FSCs) KW - MXene ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular Insights into the Interfacial Properties of Cellulose Surfaces with Varying Types of Ionic Liquid Epoxies AU - Rahmani, Farzin AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa A. T2 - ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS AB - Due to the excellent physio-chemical and mechanical properties, ionic liquid epoxies (ILE) can serve as a perfect material for various technologies along with many other materials as a substrate. In this study, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to gain fundamental molecular insights about a conventional epoxy and an imidazolium-based ILE and how adhesion on crystalline cellulose surfaces is affected by cross-linking and the type of ionic liquid (IL) counter anions (e.g. [OAc], [Cl], and [TF2N]) on thermo-mechanical and moisture absorption of bulk ILE were further investigated. When comparing the ILE/cellulose systems versus bulk ILE systems, the results indicate that the presence of a cellulose surface lowers the degree of cross-linking due to the adsorption of the hardener on its surface. Overall, the ILEs/cellulose exhibit a higher interfacial bonding energy than conventional epoxy/cellulose. Improved adhesion is significant for hydrophilic ILEs, which is likely attributed to hydrogen bonds formed between the cellulose and anion molecules. This computational study provides molecular-level insights into the adsorption mechanism of ILE onto a crystalline cellulose surface, leading to the design of smart and multifunctional thermoset adhesives. DA - 2022/5/3/ PY - 2022/5/3/ DO - 10.1021/acsapm.2c00243 VL - 4 IS - 5 SP - 3734-3742 SN - 2637-6105 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.2c00243 KW - ionic liquid epoxy KW - cellulose nanocrystalline KW - molecular dynamics simulation KW - interfacial properties KW - adhesive ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hollowness Variation with Die Wall Thickness in Melt-Spinning of Polypropylene Hollow Fibers AU - Ruckdashel, Rebecca AU - Shim, Eunkyoung T2 - FIBERS AND POLYMERS DA - 2022/4/11/ PY - 2022/4/11/ DO - 10.1007/s12221-022-4498-0 VL - 4 SP - SN - 1875-0052 KW - Melt spinning KW - Hollow fiber KW - Polypropylene KW - Spinnability KW - Fiber geometry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bioinspired Structures for Soft Actuators AU - Wei, Shuzhen AU - Ghosh, Tushar K. T2 - ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES AB - Abstract Biological organisms present marvelous morphing behaviors from the quiescent blooming of flowers to the energetic wing‐flapping of birds that have always inspired humans to design better‐engineered products. The diversity of natural motion is attributed primarily to the intricate and hierarchical structure of actuators that are self‐assembled from nanoscale structures to superstructures. Compared to the biological actuators, their manmade counterparts, often with significantly limited capabilities, are fabricated from various materials with relatively simple structures using limited fabrication techniques. With the rapid developments in technologies that require soft robotics and human‐machine interfaces, there is increasing demand for soft actuators with improved capabilities such as larger output force, repeatability, and a more comprehensive range of motion. Biological actuators provide critical insights into the structure‐function relationship and offer exciting concepts to advance the science and technology of artificial soft actuators. Here, the design approaches found in natural actuation systems are discussed from the nanoscale to the highest levels in the structural hierarchy and the physical principles involved in their diverse actuation capabilities. In that context, finally, the fabrication techniques that have been utilized for manmade soft actuators, with a focus on the advantages, challenges, and concepts for potential future developments are reviewed. DA - 2022/4/26/ PY - 2022/4/26/ DO - 10.1002/admt.202101521 VL - 4 SP - SN - 2365-709X UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202101521 KW - bioinspiration KW - soft actuators KW - structural design ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of Remote Cardiac Monitoring System Design on Response Time to Critical Arrhythmias AU - Segall, Noa AU - Joines, Jeffrey A. AU - Baldwin, Ron'Nisha D. AU - Bresch, Diane AU - Coggins, Lauren G. AU - Janzen, Suzanne AU - Engel, Jill R. AU - Wright, Melanie C. T2 - SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE-JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE AB - In many hospitals across the country, electrocardiograms of multiple at-risk patients are monitored remotely by telemetry monitor watchers in a central location. However, there is limited evidence regarding best practices for designing these cardiac monitoring systems to ensure prompt detection and response to life-threatening events. To identify factors that may affect monitoring efficiency, we simulated critical arrhythmias in inpatient units with different monitoring systems and compared their efficiency in communicating the arrhythmias to a first responder.This was a multicenter cross-sectional in situ simulation study. Simulation participants were monitor watchers and first responders (usually nurses) in 2 inpatient units in each of 3 hospitals. Manipulated variables included: (1) number of communication nodes between monitor watchers and first responders; (2) central monitoring station location-on or off the patient care unit; (3) monitor watchers' workload; (4) nurses' workload; and (5) participants' experience.We performed 62 arrhythmia simulations to measure response times of monitor watchers and 128 arrhythmia simulations to measure response times in patient care units. We found that systems in which an intermediary between monitor watchers and nurses communicated critical events had faster response times to simulated arrhythmias than systems in which monitor watchers communicated directly with nurses. Responses were also faster in units colocated with central monitoring stations than in those located remotely. As the perceived workload of nurses increased, response latency also increased. Experience did not affect response times.Although limited in our ability to isolate the effects of these factors from extraneous factors on central monitoring system efficiency, our study provides a roadmap for using in situ arrhythmia simulations to assess and improve monitoring performance. DA - 2022/4// PY - 2022/4// DO - 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000610 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 112-119 SN - 1559-713X KW - Arrhythmia simulation KW - remote telemetry monitoring ER - TY - JOUR TI - A review on synthetic investigation for quinoline- recent green approaches AU - Patel, Ashish AU - Patel, Stuti AU - Mehta, Meshwa AU - Patel, Yug AU - Patel, Rushi AU - Shah, Drashti AU - Patel, Darshini AU - Shah, Umang AU - Patel, Mehul AU - Patel, Swayamprakash AU - Solanki, Nilay AU - Bambharoliya, Tushar AU - Patel, Sandip AU - Nagani, Afzal AU - Patel, Harnisha AU - Vaghasiya, Jitendra AU - Shah, Hirak AU - Prajapati, Bijal AU - Rathod, Mrudangsinh AU - Bhimani, Bhargav AU - Patel, Riddhisiddhi AU - Bhavsar, Vashisth AU - Rakholiya, Brijesh AU - Patel, Maitri AU - Patel, Prexa T2 - GREEN CHEMISTRY LETTERS AND REVIEWS AB - Quinolines are a prominent heterocyclic motif and crucial building blocks in creating physiologically active compounds. Due to the fast development of novel medicines with a quinoline nucleus, numerous research papers have been published in a short amount of time. Therefore, to comprehend the present state of the quinoline nucleus in medicinal chemistry science, it is necessary to combine new information with older data. So far, several traditional synthesis techniques have been reported in the literature to synthesize this scaffold. Pfitzinger, Gould–Jacob, Friedlander, Skraup, Doebner–von Miller, and Conrad–Limpach are examples of old synthetic methods. However, they need expensive and demanding conditions, such as high temperature, the use of non-biodegradable chemical compounds degrade the ecosystem, create irritation or harm as pollutants, and represent a threat to the environment. However, traditional synthesis processes need a difficult and time-consuming apparatus set-up, resulting in high costs and pollutants. As a result, scientists are presently developing new and innovative techniques to decrease the use of chemicals, solvents, and catalysts, which are detrimental to both humans and the environment. Therefore, we have attempted to shed light in this current review on various reactions to produce quinolines and their derivatives using various green synthetic methods. DA - 2022/4/3/ PY - 2022/4/3/ DO - 10.1080/17518253.2022.2064194 VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 336-371 SN - 1751-7192 UR - https://publons.com/publon/51628205/ KW - Quinoline KW - green chemistry KW - microwave synthesis KW - solvent-free approach KW - multicomponent reaction ER - TY - JOUR TI - Understanding the role of bond point strain in the mechanical response of nonwoven polypropylene materials AU - Garmabi, Alireza AU - Elamin, Mohamed A. AU - Bradford, Philip D. AU - Pankow, Mark T2 - JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AB - A method was developed to study micromechanics of a bond point in nonwoven polypropylene materials. The micromechanical behavior of the thermal bonded nonwovens was studied using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique to understand the bond points deformation during mechanical stretching. An electrospray technique was used as a fast and reliable method to create the speckle pattern on the nonwovens. Various parameters of the electrospraying and their influence on the pattern accuracy and repeatability was studied and the best pattern in terms of dot size and distribution was determined from experimentation. Plasma treatment also proved to be essential to enhance the uniform distribution and adherence of the particles on the surface. Unloaded DIC experiments were carried out and proved the accuracy of technique with errors of lower than 0.5% strain. An automated high-resolution tensile apparatus was built and loaded DIC experiments were carried out using the device. The fabric was tested in Machine Direction (MD) direction and Cross Direction (CD) directions, both showing good correlation with low errors. Average strain values in bond points were plotted against total strain in fabric and the results showed noticeable amounts of strains developed in the bond points, contradictory to most of the FEM models which consider no deformation in the bond points. Results also indicated that in MD direction deformation, bond points can experience more than 30% of the overall strain presented in the fabric. DA - 2022/4/6/ PY - 2022/4/6/ DO - 10.1177/00219983221087332 SP - SN - 1530-793X KW - nonwovens KW - mechanical testing KW - micromechanics KW - digital image correlation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Separator threads in yarn-shaped supercapacitors to avoid short-circuiting upon length AU - He, Nanfei AU - Song, Junhua AU - Liao, Jinyun AU - Zhao, Feng AU - Gao, Wei T2 - NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AB - Abstract Yarn-shaped supercapacitors (YSCs) are becoming promising energy-supply units with decent mechanical flexibility to be integrated into e-textiles in various shapes and locations. However, a robust YSC configuration that can provide long-term and reliable power output, especially after rigorous weaving and knitting processes, as well as all kinds of end uses, is yet to be established. Most YSCs today still suffer from short-circuiting upon length, primarily due to the structure failure of gel electrolyte that also works as the separator. Herein, we report the incorporation of separator threads in a twisted YSC, to withstand repetitive mechanical deformations. Separator threads are wrapped outside of yarn electrodes as a scaffold to accommodate gel electrolyte, while chemistry and wrapping density of these threads are investigated. With processing parameters optimized, we present an YSC configuration that can bear mechanical deformations along almost all directions, leading to reliable power units in woven or knit fabrics. DA - 2022/3/18/ PY - 2022/3/18/ DO - 10.1038/s41528-022-00150-2 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - SN - 2397-4621 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Immunomodulation Strategies for the Successful Regeneration of a Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft AU - Zhang, Fan AU - King, Martin W. T2 - ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS AB - Cardiovascular disease leads to the highest morbidity worldwide. There is an urgent need to solve the lack of a viable arterial graft for patients requiring coronary artery bypass surgery. The current gold standard is to use the patient's own blood vessel, such as a saphenous vein graft. However, some patients do not have appropriate vessels to use because of systemic disease or secondary surgery. On the other hand, there is no commercially available synthetic vascular graft available on the market for small diameter (<6 mm) blood vessels like coronary, carotid, and peripheral popliteal arteries. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are studied in recent decades as a promising alternative to synthetic arterial prostheses. Yet only a few studies have proceeded to a clinical trial. Recent studies have uncovered that the host immune response can be directed toward increasing the success of a TEVG by shedding light on ways to modulate the macrophage response and improve the tissue regeneration outcome. In this review, the basic concepts of vascular tissue engineering and immunoengineering are considered. The state-of-art of TEVGs is summarized and the role of macrophages in TEVG regeneration is analyzed. Current immunomodulatory strategies based on biomaterials are also discussed. DA - 2022/3/27/ PY - 2022/3/27/ DO - 10.1002/adhm.202200045 VL - 3 SP - SN - 2192-2659 KW - immune response KW - immunomodulation KW - macrophage KW - tissue engineering KW - tissue-engineered vascular grafts ER - TY - JOUR TI - Enhanced dielectric and electrical properties of PbS nanostructures facilely synthesized by low-cost chemical route: An effect of Ce doping concentrations AU - Shkir, Mohd AU - Chandekar, Kamlesh V AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - Palanivel, Baskaran AU - Ahmad, Nafis AU - Ashraf, I. M. AU - Somaily, H. H. AU - Algarni, H. AU - AlFaify, S. T2 - MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS AB - Herein the authors are presenting the facile preparation and characterization of Ce doped PbS nanostructures ([email protected] NSs). Phase analysis was studied by X-ray diffraction which approves major cubic phase of PbS along with CeClS phase peaks. Vibrational analysis also confirm major cubic phase of PbS of the final products. EDX/SEM e-mapping showed the Ce doping with homogeneity in PbS. SEM analysis gives a clear morphology of nanoparticles along with some nanoflakes in respective pure and doped PbS. Optical study reveals the variation in energy gap values of PbS with Ce content from 1.45 eV (pure PbS) to 1.084 eV (2.5 wt% [email protected]) and also there is another energy gap varies between 3 and 3.5 eV in pure and doped PbS NSs. The capacitance and impedance were studied over wide frequency region. The dielectric constant of PbS has been improved from 17.5 to 24.5 with Ce content addition. The ac electrical conductivity was improved with Ce content addition in PbS. The improvement in dc-electrical conductivity was also noticed with Ce addition in PbS. The improved dielectric and electrical characteristics makes the synthesized [email protected] NSs useful in optoelectronic. DA - 2022/2/15/ PY - 2022/2/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125626 VL - 278 SP - SN - 1879-3312 KW - Ce@PbS NSs KW - Structural properties KW - Optical properties KW - Dielectric properties KW - I-V electrical Properties ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluation of the Toxicological and Color Properties of Anionic Hydrophobic Monoazo Dyes for Sustainable Human Hair Coloration AU - Williams, Tova N. AU - Vacchi, Francine I. AU - Santos, Amanda AU - Szymczyk, Malgorzata AU - Umbuzeiro, Gisela de Aragao AU - Freeman, Harold S. T2 - ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING AB - The design of hair dyes having environmentally benign characteristics in addition to very good durability to washing and UV light is of importance to overcome the limitations of conventional permanent hair dyes in the marketplace. As a step toward meeting this vision, we synthesized anionic azo dyes having a built-in C4, C8, or C12 alkyl chain and evaluated their hair dyeing and toxicological properties. As anticipated, the dyes increased in hydrophobicity (SlogP) with the increase in alkyl chain length. Based on prior technology, it is known that certain anionic textile dyes possessing a C12 group exhibit high affinity for wool fibers during rigorous washing in the commercial milling process. In the present study, the dye containing the C8 chain displayed the greatest uptake and the most promise as a potential permanent hair dye. Further, dyes containing a C4 or C8 carbon chain were found to be nontoxic ≤100 mg L using the crustaceans Daphnia similis and Parhyale hawaiensis as test organisms. The dye containing a C12 carbon chain provided an EC50 of 57.4 mg L–1 using D. similis, but it was nontoxic ≤100 mg L–1 to P. hawaiensis. All dyes were nontoxic using the algae Raphidocelis subcapitata, and none of the dyes exhibited mutagenicity toward the strains used. DA - 2022/2/28/ PY - 2022/2/28/ DO - 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05702 VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - 2593-2601 SN - 2168-0485 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05702 KW - aquatic toxicity KW - azo dyes KW - hair dyes KW - hydrophobic dyes KW - mutagenicity KW - sustainability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Highly Soluble and Stable, High Release Rate Nanocellulose Codrug Delivery System of Curcumin and AuNPs for Dual Chemo-Photothermal Therapy AU - Tian, Yan AU - Jia, Dongmei AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Cui, Meng AU - Fang, Dongjun AU - Yan, Chaoyi AU - Xie, Jingyi AU - Liu, Yi AU - Li, Chunxing AU - Fu, Junjun AU - Liu, Hao AU - Chen, Gang AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Tao, Jinsong T2 - BIOMACROMOLECULES AB - As a natural antitumor drug, curcumin (CUR) has received increasing attention from researchers and patients due to its various medicinal properties. However, currently CUR is still restricted due to its low and stand-alone therapeutic effects that seriously limit its clinical application. Here, by using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a nanocarrier to load CUR and AuNPs simultaneously, we developed a hybrid nanoparticle as a codrug delivery system to enhance the low and stand-alone therapeutic effects of CUR. Aided with the encapsulation of β-cyclodextrin (βCD), both the solubility and the stability of CUR are greatly enhanced (solubility increased from 0.89 to 131.7 μg/mL). Owing to the unique rod-like morphology of CNCs, the system exhibits an outstanding loading capacity of 31.4 μg/mg. Under the heat effects of coloaded AuNPs, the system demonstrates a high release rate of 77.63%. Finally, with CNC as a bridge nanocarrier, all aforementioned functions were integrated into one hybrid nanoparticle. The all-in-one integration ensures CUR to have enhanced therapeutic effects and enables the delivery system to exhibit combined chemo-photothermal therapy outcomes. This work presents a significant step toward CUR's clinical application and provides a new strategy for effective and integrative treatment of tumor disease. DA - 2022/1/14/ PY - 2022/1/14/ DO - 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01367 VL - 1 SP - SN - 1526-4602 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Two-dimensional MXenes: New frontier of wearable and flexible electronics AU - Ahmed, Abbas AU - Sharma, Sudeep AU - Adak, Bapan AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - LaChance, Anna Marie AU - Mukhopadhyay, Samrat AU - Sun, Luyi T2 - INFOMAT AB - Abstract Wearable electronics offer incredible benefits in mobile healthcare monitoring, sensing, portable energy harvesting and storage, human‐machine interactions, etc., due to the evolution of rigid electronics structure to flexible and stretchable devices. Lately, transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are highly regarded as a group of thriving two‐dimensional nanomaterials and extraordinary building blocks for emerging flexible electronics platforms because of their excellent electrical conductivity, enriched surface functionalities, and large surface area. This article reviews the most recent developments in MXene‐enabled flexible electronics for wearable electronics. Several MXene‐enabled electronic devices designed on a nanometric scale are highlighted by drawing attention to widely developed nonstructural attributes, including 3D configured devices, textile and planer substrates, bioinspired structures, and printed materials. Furthermore, the unique progress of these nanodevices is highlighted by representative applications in healthcare, energy, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and humanoid control of machines. The emerging prospects of MXene nanomaterials as a key frontier in next‐generation wearable electronics are envisioned and the design challenges of these electronic systems are also discussed, followed by proposed solutions. image DA - 2022/2/22/ PY - 2022/2/22/ DO - 10.1002/inf2.12295 SP - SN - 2567-3165 KW - flexible electronics KW - MXene KW - nanostructures KW - wearable electronics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chitosan based bioadhesives for biomedical applications: A review AU - Hamedi, Hamid AU - Moradi, Sara AU - Hudson, Samuel M. AU - Tonelli, Alan E. AU - King, Martin W. T2 - CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS AB - Due to the promising properties of chitosan for biomedical engineering applications like biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, it is one of the most interesting biopolymers in this field. Therefore, Chitosan and its derivatives have attracted great attention in vast variety of biomedical applications. In the current paper, different types of chitosan-based bioadhesives including passive and active and their different types of external stimuli response structure such as thermo, pH and Light responsive systems are discussed. Different bioadhesives mechanisms with chitosan as an adhesive agent or main polymer component and some examples were also presented. Chitosan based bioadhesives and their potential biomedical applications in drug delivery systems, suture less surgery, wound dressing and hemostatic are also discussed. The results confirmed wound healing, hemostatic and bioadhesion capabilities of the chitosan bioadhesives and its great potential for biomedical applications. DA - 2022/4/15/ PY - 2022/4/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119100 VL - 282 SP - SN - 1879-1344 KW - Chitosan KW - Bioadhesives KW - Drug delivery KW - Wound dressing KW - Suture less surgery ER - TY - JOUR TI - Process-Structure-Property relationship of roping in meltblown nonwovens AU - Roberts, Erin AU - Ghosh, Sujit AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - For applications such as face masks and medical gowns, defects can pose a threat to the reliability of protective materials. Roping, the entanglement of two or more fibers in a nonwoven, can cause a decrease in pore size uniformity, filtration efficiency, and barrier properties in meltblown nonwovens. In this work, a novel measurement methodology for roping was developed utilizing SEM images, ImageJ software, and statistical analysis with R. The study analyzed 16 different meltblown nonwovens with two different die tips with a 1550 MFR polypropylene, utilizing a full factorial design with 4 factors at 2 levels. A model was developed for the mitigation of roping, and it was determined that the interactions of capillary density with air flow and air flow with die-to-collector distance (DCD) had the greatest impact on the formation of roping in meltblown nonwovens. The fundamental learnings of the effects of the process parameters on roping formation could be applied to industrial applications such as face masks to tailor the balance between filtration efficiency and air permeability. The linear model could be directly applied to applications such as HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) and ULPA (Ultra Low Particulate Air) filters, for operating room and clean room filters, in which nonuniformity and loss of surface area critical to performance, and thus the mitigation of roping would be beneficial. DA - 2022/1/13/ PY - 2022/1/13/ DO - 10.1080/00405000.2022.2029277 VL - 3 SP - SN - 1754-2340 KW - Nonwovens KW - roping KW - fiber bundles KW - meltblown media KW - defects ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nanostructured Carbons: towards Soft-Bioelectronics, Biosensing and Theraputic Applications AU - Marzana, Maliha AU - Morsada, Zinnat AU - Faruk, Md Omar AU - Ahmed, Abbas AU - Khan, Md Manirul Alam AU - Jalil, Mohammad Abdul AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - Rahman, Mohammed Muzibur T2 - CHEMICAL RECORD AB - Recently, nanostructured carbon-based soft bioelectronics and biosensors have received tremendous attention due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. The ultrahigh specific surface area, high flexibility, lightweight, high electrical conductivity, and biocompatibility of 1D and 2D nanocarbons, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene, are advantageous for bioelectronics applications. These materials improve human life by delivering therapeutic advancements in gene, tumor, chemo, photothermal, immune, radio, and precision therapies. They are also utilized in biosensing platforms, including optical and electrochemical biosensors to detect cholesterol, glucose, pathogenic bacteria (e. g., coronavirus), and avian leucosis virus. This review summarizes the most recent advancements in bioelectronics and biosensors by exploiting the outstanding characteristics of nanocarbon materials. The synthesis and biocompatibility of nanocarbon materials are briefly discussed. In the following sections, applications of graphene and CNTs for different therapies and biosensing are elaborated. Finally, the key challenges and future perspectives of nanocarbon materials for biomedical applications are highlighted. DA - 2022/2/21/ PY - 2022/2/21/ DO - 10.1002/tcr.202100319 SP - SN - 1528-0691 KW - Nanostructured materials KW - Soft-bioelectronics KW - Biosensors KW - Graphene KW - CNTs KW - Theraputics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cover Image, Volume 139, Issue 11 AU - Banerjee, Debjyoti AU - Dedmon, Hannah AU - Rahmani, Farzin AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa AU - Ford, Ericka T2 - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AB - This cover image by Debjyoti Banerjee and co-authors shows a facile way to ionically cyclize polyacrylonitrile fiber precursors using aldaric acid sugars as anionic initiators. Carboxylate groups in the aldaric acid sugars are responsible for lowering the activation energy barrier needed to initiate the cyclization. This image depicts simulated extended polyacrylonitrile model chains of the fiber microstructure in succession with a cyclization reaction scheme that takes place under high temperatures. The scope of the work has direct applications in the carbon fiber industry. DOI: 10.1002/app.51781 DA - 2022/3/15/ PY - 2022/3/15/ DO - 10.1002/app.51086 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.51086 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Controlling foamability of polypropylene/γ-irradiated ethylene acrylic elastomer blends by extent of crosslinking and domain microstructure of elastomer AU - Dutta, Anindya AU - Banerjee, Debjyoti AU - Ghosh, Anup K. T2 - Journal of Elastomers & Plastics AB - Foams of polypropylene/elastomer blends can often lead to softer foams which may not be desirable every time. Incorporating rigidity to the foams can often be made possible by preferentially crosslinking the elastomer phase prior to blending. Although foamability of polypropylene/elastomer blends has been understood in the scientific community, the influence of the extent of crosslinking in the elastomer phase is not yet understood well. The purpose of this investigation is to identify the influence of the extent of elastomer crosslinking and the blend morphological attributes (achieved by varying screw speed during melt mixing) on foamability of polypropylene/partially crosslinked elastomer blends. Crosslinking of ethylene-acrylic elastomer is carried out using gamma radiation with several doses (0, 12.5, 25, 50 kGy) before melt blending and, subsequently, 10 wt.% of the irradiated elastomers (prior optimized) are mixed with polypropylene in a micro-compounder at three different screw speeds. The microstructure development in blends is characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Frequency sweep rheological analysis is done for selected blends to identify the ease of foamability among the series of blends. Foaming of blends is done with supercritical carbon dioxide in batch mode at three different temperatures. The density reduction along with the microcellular morphology development of blends with foaming is analyzed with the screw speed, the extent of crosslinking, and foaming temperature; furthermore, the individual input parameters (the elastomer domain size, controlled by the screw speed and the extent of crosslinking, controlled by gamma radiation dose) are optimized based on the foam morphology. A uniform and good foamability were achieved at 155 and 160°C for blends with elastomers, irradiated at 12.5 and 25 kGy radiation doses. The lowest density foam (0.37 g/cc) was obtained for polypropylene with 12.5 kGy irradiated crosslinked elastomer mixed at 200 rpm at 160°C foaming temperature. The final elastomer domain dispositions within the foam morphologies are characterized and the plausible foaming mechanism is proposed. DA - 2022/6// PY - 2022/6// DO - 10.1177/00952443211058846 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 009524432110588 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443211058846 KW - Blends KW - irradiation KW - foams KW - morphology KW - rheology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cyclization kinetics of gel‐spun polyacrylonitrile/aldaric‐acid sugars using the isoconversional approach AU - Banerjee, Debjyoti AU - Dedmon, Hannah AU - Rahmani, Farzin AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa AU - Ford, Ericka T2 - Journal of Applied Polymer Science AB - Abstract Comonomers, such as methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, and acrylic acid, can minimize the activation energy of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) cyclization through their nucleophilic reaction with pendant nitrile groups. An understanding of how these comonomers affect the kinetics of PAN cyclization inspired this study on how the isomeric sugars (glucaric acid( cis ) and mucic acid( trans )) would influence PAN cyclization. Until now, researchers have characterized the cyclization of PAN by single activation energy; however, this approach using differential scanning calorimetry does not represent the conversion dependent kinetics of cyclization. The isoconversional method was used to evaluate exotherms for cyclization at three different heating rates while allowing the calculation of activation energy at incremental increases in conversion ( α ). The aldaric acid sugars reduced the activation energy of initiation by ~five times in comparison to values observed for neat PAN fiber and the ratio of ( k 1 / k 2 ) (where k 1 is the rate constant for initiation and k 2 is the rate constant for propagation) improved by ~2 orders of magnitude. Based on molecular dynamic simulations, hydrogen bonding between the aldaric acids sugars and PAN lowered the activation energy at the onset of cyclization. DA - 2022/3/15/ PY - 2022/3/15/ DO - 10.1002/app.51781 VL - 10 IS - 11 SP - 51789 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.51781 KW - differential scanning calorimetry KW - extrusion KW - fibers KW - kinetics KW - thermal properties ER - TY - JOUR TI - Investigating the Aeroacoustic Properties of Porous Fabrics AU - Szoke, Mate AU - Devenport, William J. AU - Borgoltz, Aurelien AU - Alexander, W. Nathan AU - Hari, Nandita AU - Glegg, Stewart A. L. AU - Li, Ang AU - Vallabh, Rahul AU - Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M. T2 - AIAA JOURNAL AB - The aeroacoustic properties of porous fabrics are investigated experimentally with the goal of finding a fabric that serves as an improved interface between wind tunnel flow and quiescent conditions. A total number of eight porous fabrics were investigated, namely, four glass fiber fabrics, two plain-weave Kevlar fabrics, and two modified plain Kevlar fabrics with their pores irregularly clogged. Two custom-made rigs were used to quantify the transmission loss (TL) and self-noise of all fabrics. The pores were found to serve as a low-resistance gateway for sound to pass through, hence enabling a low TL. The TL was found to increase with decreasing open area ratio (OAR), whereas other fabric properties had a minor impact on TL. The thread density was found to be a primary factor in determining the frequency range of porous fabrics’ self-noise, with the OAR potentially playing a secondary role in the self-noise levels. Fabrics with irregular pore distribution showed a more broadband self-noise signature associated with lower frequencies compared to fabrics with periodic pore patterns. Overall, fabrics with an irregular pore distribution or fabrics with increased thread density were identified as two potential ways to obtain superior aeroacoustic behavior compared to commonly used Kevlar fabrics. DA - 2022/1/31/ PY - 2022/1/31/ DO - 10.2514/1.J061385 SP - SN - 1533-385X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nano-scale BN interface for ultra-stable and wide temperature range tolerable Zn anode AU - Jia, Hao AU - Qiu, Minghui AU - Tang, Chunxia AU - Liu, Hongqi AU - Fu, Shaohai AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ECOMAT AB - Abstract Aqueous Zn‐based energy storage device (ZESD) is a promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage applications due to its significant merits like low cost, inherent safety, and environmental benignity. However, one shortcoming of ZESDs is the performance deficiency of pristine Zn anode caused by detrimental dendrite formation and side reactions. In this work, a novel boron nitride nano‐scale interface was established for ultra‐stable and wide temperature range tolerable anode (BN@Zn) by a scalable magnetron sputtering technique. The as‐introduced BN layers afford enhanced Zn deposition kinetics for a wide temperature application range from −20 to 60°C and effectively mitigated dendritic growth, which were ascribed to the strong interlayer bonds and uniform active sites as demonstrated by both experimental and density functional theory research results. Thus, the ultra‐thin BN interface could significantly improve the reaction kinetics and electrochemical stability of Zn anode, providing a new perspective towards the advanced ZESDs. image DA - 2022/2/18/ PY - 2022/2/18/ DO - 10.1002/eom2.12190 VL - 2 SP - SN - 2567-3173 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.12190 KW - boron nitride KW - magnetron sputtering KW - ultra-stable Zn anode KW - Zn-based energy storage devices ER - TY - JOUR TI - Increased Use of Disinfectants During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Potential Impacts on Health and Safety AU - Dewey, Hannah M. AU - Jones, Jaron M. AU - Keating, Mike R. AU - Budhathoki-Uprety, Januka T2 - ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has called for the increased use of disinfectants worldwide in public facilities, transportation, hospitals, nursing homes, wastewater treatment facilities, and even common households to mitigate virus burden. Active ingredients in common disinfectants recommended for use against COVID-19 viruses include chemicals such as quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), hydrogen peroxide, bleach (sodium hypochlorite), and alcohols. These disinfecting chemicals differ in their structures, properties, modes of action, environmental behaviors, and effects on human health upon exposure. Humans can be exposed to disinfecting chemicals mainly through dermal absorption, inhalation, and ingestion. The total exposure and relative contribution of each exposure route vary considerably among the disinfectants. QACs have been linked to occupational illnesses such as asthma and an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas excess use of bleach, hydrogen peroxide, or alcohol-based disinfectants can cause respiratory damage and has been linked to an increased risk of developing and controlling asthma. Recent studies showed that the presence of QACs in human blood has been associated with changes in health biomarkers such as an increase in inflammatory cytokines, decreased mitochondrial function, and disruption of cholesterol homeostasis in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, repeated human exposure to disinfectants during the pandemic has raised questions on exposure-related long-term health risks and occupational safety. Furthermore, in lieu of a lack of adequate knowledge and public awareness, these chemicals have been frequently used on porous surfaces, including fabrics/textiles and consumer plastics and even for disinfecting cloth facemasks, on which disinfectant chemical residues may persist for longer duration, causing potential degradation of plastic materials, releasing additives, and shedding microplastics. In addition, the increased use of these disinfectant chemicals and the subsequent discharge into wastewater may cause adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems, accumulation on vegetables, and contamination of the food chain via wastewater irrigation and sludge application. This article provides a well-rounded understanding of the most common disinfectants and reviews modes of action of those disinfectants, their interactions with aquatic and terrestrial environments, the exposure to humans, and potential impacts to human health and safety. DA - 2022/1/24/ PY - 2022/1/24/ DO - 10.1021/acs.chas.1c00026 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 27-38 SN - 1878-0504 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.1c00026 KW - disinfectants KW - COVID-19 KW - antiviral KW - facemask KW - indoor air KW - sanitizers KW - bleach KW - quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Silk-Templated Nanomaterial Interfaces for Wearables and Bioelectronics: Advances and Prospects AU - Ahmed, Abbas AU - Bain, Sudipta AU - Prottoy, Zawad Hasan AU - Morsada, Zinnat AU - Islam, M. Tauhidul AU - Hossain, Md Milon AU - Shkir, Mohd. T2 - ACS MATERIALS LETTERS AB - Soft, wearable, stretchable, and flexible devices are intriguing in electronic fields, as they offer light weight, user-friendliness, and high-throughput performance. Electronic devices derived from bioresources spurred augmented benefits typically in terms of sustainability, biocompatibility, biointegration, and their device utilization in copious electronic fields such as biomedical healthcare, sensing, energy, intelligent clothing, and so forth. Significantly, the natural biopolymer silk has extensively been explored to design wearable electronic devices because of its excellent attributes and active functional sites present in their structures. Consequently, silk is being integrated with various carbon-based fillers, metallic interfaces, conducting polymers, etc. This review provides a comprehensive overview of silk integrated nanomaterial structures for wearable and bioelectronics applications. The outstanding structural features of silk materials have been discussed, summarizing their intrinsic properties and performance matrices for integration with various nanomaterials. Several silk/nanomaterial-enabled bioelectronics applications are presented, and in the end, future opportunities are also envisioned. DA - 2022/1/3/ PY - 2022/1/3/ DO - 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.1c00618 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 68-86 SN - 2639-4979 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Design of a scalable, flexible, and durable thermoelectric cooling device for soft electronics using Kirigami cut patterns AU - Rosenberg, Z. B. AU - Weiner, N. C. AU - Shahariar, H. AU - Li, B. M. AU - Peavey, J. L. AU - Mills, A. C. AU - Losego, M. D. AU - Jur, J. S. T2 - FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS AB - Abstract A flexible, soft thermoelectric cooling device is presented that shows potential for human cooling applications in wearable technologies and close-to-body applications. Current developments lack integration feasibility due to non-scalable assembly procedures and unsuitable materials for comfortable and durable integration into products. Our devices have been created and tested around the need to conform to the human body which we have quantified through the creation of a repeatable drape testing procedure, a metric used in the textile industry. Inspired by mass manufacturing constraints, our flexible thermoelectric devices are created using commercially available materials and scalable processing techniques. Thermoelectric legs are embedded in a foam substrate to provide flexibility, while Kirigami-inspired cuts are patterned on the foam to provide the drape necessary for mimicking the performance of textile and close to body materials. In total, nine different configurations, three different fill factors and three different Kirigami cut patterns were fabricated and inspected for thermal characterization, mechanical testing, flexibility and drape. Our studies show that adding Kirigami patterns can increase the durability of the device, improve the flexibility, decrease the drape coefficient, and have <1% of impact on cooling performance at higher fill factors (>1.5%), reaching temperature differences up to 4.39 °C ± 0.17 °C between the hot and cold faces of the device. These thermoelectric cooling devices show great flexibility, durability, and cooling for integration into soft cooling products. DA - 2022/3/1/ PY - 2022/3/1/ DO - 10.1088/2058-8585/ac48a0 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - SN - 2058-8585 KW - e-textiles KW - flexible thermoelectrics KW - thermoelectric cooling devices KW - flexible electronics KW - wearable electronics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of Outer Shell Fabric Color, Smoke Contamination, and Washing on Heat Loss through Turnout Suit Systems AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Deaton, A. Shawn AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Barker, Roger L. AU - DenHartog, Emiel AU - Watson, Kyle T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - Firefighters frequently have to work in direct solar radiant heat. To reduce firefighter heat stress, the influence of turnout garment properties on heat gain from solar radiation must be understood. This research studied the effects of color, texture, washing, and contamination of outer shell fabrics on heat loss through firefighter turnout fabric materials in simulated solar exposures. It showed that solar radiation could be a major factor in heat loss through turnout suits. Solar radiation equivalent to a sunny day completely reversed heat exchange through the turnout fabric systems, converting a heat loss of about 240 W/m 2 to a heat gain exceeding 100 W/m 2 . Solar radiation caused turnout fabric systems to dry out and this decreased the performance of turnout systems that incorporated bi-component moisture barriers. Most significantly, the color of the outer shell had a major influence on lowering turnout heat loss in solar exposures. Composites with a black-dyed outer shell absorbed more solar energy than composites with lighter colored shell materials. Soot and fire-ground contaminants present on turnout outer shell fabrics also reduced heat loss under solar exposure. The findings of this study answered long-standing questions about the importance of turnout fabric color on heat exchange with the environment. The results provide additional motivation for efficient turnout cleaning practices, not only to reduce potentially toxic exposure to smoke contaminants, but to reduce turnout-gear-related heat strain on firefighters. DA - 2022/1/26/ PY - 2022/1/26/ DO - 10.1177/00405175211073353 VL - 92 IS - 11-12 SP - 1909-1922 J2 - Textile Research Journal LA - en OP - SN - 0040-5175 1746-7748 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00405175211073353 DB - Crossref KW - Heat and moisture transfer KW - firefighter clothing KW - solar radiation KW - heat stress ER - TY - JOUR TI - Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber-Reinforced Flexible Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolyte for High-Performance, Room-Temperature All-Solid-State Li-Metal Batteries AU - Cheng, Hui AU - Yan, Chaoyi AU - Orenstein, Raphael AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Wei, Shuzhen AU - Subjalearndee, Nakarin AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS DA - 2022/1/25/ PY - 2022/1/25/ DO - 10.1007/s42765-021-00128-1 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - SN - 2524-793X UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-021-00128-1 KW - Single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte KW - Electrospun nanofibers KW - Mechanical properties KW - All-solid-state batteries KW - Rate capability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gamma((sic))-MnO2/rGO Fibered Cathode Fabrication from Wet Spinning and Dip Coating Techniques for Cable-Shaped Zn-Ion Batteries AU - Subjalearndee, Nakarin AU - He, Nanfei AU - Cheng, Hui AU - Tesatchabut, Panpanat AU - Eiamlamai, Priew AU - Limthongkul, Pimpa AU - Intasanta, Varol AU - Gao, Wei AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS DA - 2022/1/17/ PY - 2022/1/17/ DO - 10.1007/s42765-021-00118-3 VL - 1 SP - SN - 2524-793X UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-021-00118-3 KW - Zn-ion battery KW - Wet spinning KW - Dip coating KW - Reduced graphene oxide KW - Manganese dioxide KW - Fiber ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multiscale Constitutive Modeling of the Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Fibers from Molecular Simulation Data AU - Sattor, Amulya K. AU - Pervaje, Amulya K. AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa A. AU - Khan, Saad A. AU - Santiso, Erik E. T2 - MACROMOLECULES AB - We present a multiscale approach to create a constitutive model that predicts the mechanical properties of polypropylene fibers based on chemical and physical characteristics. The development of this method relies on validation with experimental stress–strain curves from nine different isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fibers with their varying molecular weight characteristics, Hermans orientation factors, and crystallinity. Complementary molecular models were built by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with united atom models. Tensile deformation simulations adapting a quasi-static procedure resulted in stress–strain curves that aligned well with the experimentally measured ones. A neural network model was trained on the MD simulation data to create correlations that predict parameters for a chosen constitutive model that describes the mechanical properties of the polypropylene fibers. This computational approach is amenable to be applied to polymer fiber systems and aims to aid in the design of polymeric materials to achieve targeted mechanical properties. DA - 2022/1/19/ PY - 2022/1/19/ DO - 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00630 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - SN - 1520-5835 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00630 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Characterization, Transport, Fate, and Remediation Strategies AU - Zhang, Wen AU - Pasquinelli, Melissa AU - Li, Yang T2 - FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1007/s11783-021-1446-y VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - SN - 2095-221X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of hull material for high-altitude airship: A parametric study AU - Li, Ang AU - Vallabh, Rahul AU - Bradford, Philip D. AU - Kim, David AU - Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M. T2 - JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES AB - The development of hull material with ideal properties to meet all the operation requirements has posed the greatest challenge to flying the airship at high altitude for extended periods. Materials developed in our previous study with a laminated structure achieved high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent gas barrier property at a relatively low total weight. To optimize this novel design and obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the laminate properties, a parametric study involving lamination process parameters (temperature and time), and laminate structural parameter (reinforcement fabric construction), was conducted. The effects of lamination parameters on tensile, peel, tear and helium permeability tests were carried out to assess the laminates. It was found that the tensile strength of the laminate is predominantly determined by the fabric reinforcement material properties. The peel and tear strength results showed that increasing the lamination temperature from 185 °C to 200 °C improved respective strength values. Additionally, the analysis of failure modes and tear propagation suggested that laminate samples with progressive failure have better tear resistant property over those with brutal failure. Extremely low helium permeability was achieved, yet the gas barrier property was not affected by the lamination process parameters and fabric type. DA - 2022/1/7/ PY - 2022/1/7/ DO - 10.1177/07316844211054852 SP - SN - 1530-7964 KW - High-altitude airship KW - tensile properties KW - peel properties KW - tear properties KW - helium permeation properties KW - laminated fabrics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthesizing heat transfer factors on thermal bonding structure of mineral added polypropylene spun-bond AU - Wei, Wei AU - Shim, Eunkyoung AU - Song, Yu AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Abstract Functional additives, such as mineral and inorganic particles, added significant industrial value for processing lines such as extrusion and spinning. Within the scope of polymer processing loading mineral additives by compounded masterbatch in traditional polyolefin polymers potentially modify those structure bonding by thermal bonding. The large volume of inorganic phase adding raises questions about calcium carbonate as filler in the loading and embossing capacity, quality, and efficient bonding potentiality for relevant products. The process parameters have been recorded around this article on emboss temperature, calcium carbonate concentration, web thickness to carry out the hypothesis achievable in the spunbond system. Filler adding polypropylene has lower heat capacity, which transfers heat efficiently to achieve optimum bonding effect. Modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC) characterizes heat capacity. Morphology of fabric has validated the circumjacent structure changes around the oval pattern. Finally, the conclusion has built a relationship between structure and heat capacity of the inorganic/organic phase, using an equation involving and the heat capacity correlation with the dosage of CCF. DA - 2022/1/10/ PY - 2022/1/10/ DO - 10.1002/app.52138 VL - 1 IS - 19 SP - SN - 1097-4628 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/app.52138 KW - cellulose and other wood products KW - morphology KW - packaging KW - porous materials KW - structure-property relationships ER - TY - JOUR TI - A novel image retrieval strategy based on transfer learning and hand-crafted features for wool fabric AU - Zhang, Ning AU - Shamey, Renzo AU - Xiang, Jun AU - Pan, Ruru AU - Gao, Weidong T2 - EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS AB - The application of image retrieval techniques in industrial settings aims at rapid and accurate retrieval of the same or similar products from an archive to facilitate the production process. Content-based image retrieval and its applications on fabrics focused on the appearance differences and ignored the delicate differences, thus the retrieval fineness cannot meet the demands of industrial applications. In this study, a novel image retrieval strategy was proposed to discriminate appearance differences by the classification model based on transfer learning and realize further discrimination delicate differences by hand-crafted features. The pre-trained model based on ImageNet was fine-tuned to extract features for automatic classification. The images in the wool fabric image database were classified into different categories. Meanwhile, the distribution probabilities were used to build the retrieval strategy. To form the 'feature database' in each category, oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF (ORB) was utilized for feature extractions and the vector of locally aggregated descriptors was adopted for feature aggregation. Ball tree was implemented to search the nearest neighbors for the final results. Based on the above methods, the query image was first classified automatically, and then the images were retrieved based on the retrieval strategy. A large-scale image database of wool fabrics with 82,073 images was built as the benchmark to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method. Experiments indicated that the proposed strategy is effective for delicate image retrieval. The combination of transfer learning and hand-crafted features can discriminate the appearance and delicate differences, being superior to the existing methods on representing the delicate fabric differences. The proposed method can provide referential assistance for the production crew and reducing manual labor in the factory. DA - 2022/4/1/ PY - 2022/4/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.eswa.2021.116229 VL - 191 SP - SN - 1873-6793 KW - Pre-trained model KW - Label smoothing KW - Retrieval strategy KW - Delicate features ER - TY - JOUR TI - Highly efficient (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamide based co-sensitizers for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells AU - Badawy, Safa A. AU - Su, Rui AU - Fadda, Ahmed A. AU - Abdel-Latif, Ehab AU - El-Shafei, Ahmed AU - Elmorsy, Mohamed R. T2 - OPTIK AB - Four novels (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamide-based metal-free dyes SA17–20 with D-π-A architecture were designed and synthesized as co-sensitizers for HD-2 for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). They contain strong donating moieties of trimethoxybenzene and N,N-dimethylaniline conjugated with the nitrile function of cyanoacetamide part (NHCOCH2CN) as an anchoring group. The role of donor/acceptor in the cyanoacetamide-based structure motifs of SA17–20 in the co-adsorption properties was characterized and their influence on the optical and electrochemical properties was discussed. Consistent with the experimental results, the equilibrium molecular geometries calculated using density functional theory (DFT), at the B3LYP/ 6–31 G (d, p) level, demonstrated the effect of (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamide structures on the photovoltaic performance. Co-sensitization technique mainly depends on the uniqueness of the donor-acceptor unit of the co-sensitizer being used. Using (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamide co-sensitizers with HD-2 showed improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) than HD-2 alone. HD-2 was used because of its high efficiency, molar extinction coefficient and photocurrent densities. While HD-2 sensitizer alone displayed PCE of (7.46%), among the co-sensitizers, SA20, containing methoxythiazole and trimethoxybenzene as a donor part attached to (CN) and (CO) as anchoring components, exhibited the best PCE of (8.27%) with Jsc (19.25 mA/cm2) and Voc (0.68 V). These results demonstrated that (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamide dyes SA17–20 are promising candidates for efficient DSSCs. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.168274 VL - 249 SP - SN - 1618-1336 KW - Co-sensitizers KW - Electron donors KW - (N-benzothiazolyl)-cyanoacetamides KW - HD-2 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun Nanofibers Enabled Advanced Lithium-Sulfur Batteries AU - Zhu, Jiadeng AU - Cheng, Hui AU - Zhu, Pei AU - Li, Ya AU - Gao, Qiang AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AB - ConspectusLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have been extensively studied because both S and Li have high theoretical capacities, and S is abundant and environmentally friendly. However, their practical applications have been hindered by several challenges, including poor conductivity of S and its intermediates, shuttle effects of polysulfides, Li dendrite growth, etc. Tremendous efforts have been taken to tackle these issues by developing functional S host materials, separators and interlayers, solid-state electrolytes, etc., during the past decade. Compared to structurally complicated materials and intricate preparation approaches, electrospun nanofibers have obtained tremendous interests since they have played an extremely crucial role in improving the overall performance of Li–S cells due to their unique features such as easy-setup, substantial surface area, outstanding flexibility, high porosity, excellent mechanical properties, etc.In this Account, we highlight the advancements and progress of electrospun nanofibers applied for obtaining advanced Li–S batteries based on our research: from the traditional liquid system to a full solid-state cell. It starts with the fundamental electrochemistry and challenges of Li–S batteries and then focuses on the advantages of utilizing electrospun nanofibers in Li–S batteries and their working mechanisms, which are detailed from five perspectives: (i) cathode design; (ii) interlayers; (iii) separators; (iv) solid-state electrolytes; (v) Li anode protection. For example, we will discuss (1) how the appropriate nanofiber cathode designs improve the electrical conductivity and utilization of the cathode, (2) how nanofiber interlayers minimize the diffusion of polysulfides, (3) how nanofiber separators improve cells’ rate capability, (4) how nanofiber-based solid-state electrolytes boost the overall ionic conductivity, accelerating the use of Li–S cells, and (5) how the applications of nanofibers suppress the Li dendrite growth. In the end, the critical research directions needed and the remaining challenges to be addressed are summarized. It is expected that this Account would provide an understanding of the importance for achieving advanced Li–S cells via utilizing electrospun nanofibers, inspiring extensive research on their rational designs and promoting the development of this field. DA - 2022/1/4/ PY - 2022/1/4/ DO - 10.1021/accountsmr.1c00198 VL - 1 SP - SN - 2643-6728 UR - https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.1c00198 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Strategies and progress in synthetic textile fiber biodegradability AU - Egan, Jeannie AU - Salmon, Sonja T2 - SN APPLIED SCIENCES AB - Abstract The serious issue of textile waste accumulation has raised attention on biodegradability as a possible route to support sustainable consumption of textile fibers. However, synthetic textile fibers that dominate the market, especially poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), resist biological degradation, creating environmental and waste management challenges. Because pure natural fibers, like cotton, both perform well for consumer textiles and generally meet certain standardized biodegradability criteria, inspiration from the mechanisms involved in natural biodegradability are leading to new discoveries and developments in biologically accelerated textile waste remediation for both natural and synthetic fibers. The objective of this review is to present a multidisciplinary perspective on the essential bio-chemo-physical requirements for textile materials to undergo biodegradation, taking into consideration the impact of environmental or waste management process conditions on biodegradability outcomes. Strategies and recent progress in enhancing synthetic textile fiber biodegradability are reviewed, with emphasis on performance and biodegradability behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as an alternative biobased, biodegradable apparel textile fiber, and on biological strategies for addressing PET waste, including industrial enzymatic hydrolysis to generate recyclable monomers. Notably, while pure PET fibers do not biodegrade within the timeline of any standardized conditions, recent developments with process intensification and engineered enzymes show that higher enzymatic recycling efficiency for PET polymer has been achieved compared to cellulosic materials. Furthermore, combined with alternative waste management practices, such as composting, anaerobic digestion and biocatalyzed industrial reprocessing, the development of synthetic/natural fiber blends and other strategies are creating opportunities for new biodegradable and recyclable textile fibers. Article Highlights Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) leads other synthetic textile fibers in meeting both performance and biodegradation criteria. Recent research with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) polymer shows potential for efficient enzyme catalyzed industrial recycling. Synthetic/natural fiber blends and other strategies could open opportunities for new biodegradable and recyclable textile fibers. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1007/s42452-021-04851-7 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - SN - 2523-3971 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04851-7 KW - Biodegradable KW - Enzyme KW - Polymer KW - Textile KW - Sustainable KW - Waste ER - TY - JOUR TI - Melt‐Extruded Sensory Fibers for Electronic Textiles AU - Tabor, Jordan AU - Thompson, Brendan AU - Agcayazi, Talha AU - Bozkurt, Alper AU - Ghosh, Tushar K. T2 - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering AB - Abstract Textile‐based flexible sensors are key to the development of personal wearable electronic devices and systems for a wide range of applications including physiological monitoring, communication, and entertainment. Textiles, for their many desirable characteristics and use, offer a natural interface between electronics and the human body. A wide range of fabrication techniques have been explored for textile‐based sensors; however, most are not compatible or readily adaptable to textile manufacturing processes. Here, a practical and scalable method of producing textile‐based sensory fibers using a common manufacturing technique, melt extrusion, is proposed. An overview of the fabrication method as well as the mechanical and electrical properties of the fibers is presented. Subsequently, the fibers’ ability to sense changes in pressure is studied in detail using assembled fibers. Methods to improve the sensor performance by altering the geometry of the fiber assembly are also presented. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, the fibers are woven into a pressure‐sensing fabric mat consisting of 64 sensing elements. The woven substrate can detect the location and level of pressure, thereby illustrating the fibers' potential use as sensors in textile structures. DA - 2022/3// PY - 2022/3// DO - 10.1002/mame.202100737 VL - 307 IS - 3 SP - 2100737 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202100737 KW - electronic textiles KW - flexible sensors KW - pressure sensing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cyclodextrin-based nanostructures AU - Narayanan, Ganesh AU - Shen, Jialong AU - Matai, Ishita AU - Sachdev, Abhay AU - Boy, Ramiz AU - Tonelli, Alan E. T2 - PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AB - Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a unique class of molecules that are naturally available via degradation of starchy molecules. Their toroidal structure and abundant presence of hydroxyl groups have given scientists exceptional leverage resulting in synthesizing novel molecules for applications ranging from food packaging, controlled release of small molecules, antibacterial coating, agriculture, and air and water filtration. With the advent of nanotechnology, CDs have positioned itself in a variety of forms such as their ability to act as capping/reducing agents for metallic nanoparticles, or form stable nanofibers or nanoparticles or nano micelles, which can be subsequently utilized for sophisticated applications. In this review, we summarize researches on the presence of CDs in various aspects of nanotechnology ranging from nanoparticles, nanorods, nanomicelles, to nanofibers. In addition, through this review, we provide state-of-the-art applications that are being carried out using these nanostructures. DA - 2022/2// PY - 2022/2// DO - 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100869 VL - 124 SP - SN - 1873-2208 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100869 KW - Cyclodextrins KW - Nanofibers KW - Nanoparticles KW - Nanorods KW - Nanomicelles KW - Inclusion complexation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Isomeric tetrazole-based organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells: Structure-property relationships AU - Silva, Luciano AU - Sanchez, Mario AU - Ibarra-Rodriguez, Marisol AU - Freeman, Harold S. T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AB - Two new organic dyes (SD-1 and SD-2) featured with donor–π–acceptor architecture were synthesized and applied to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In these sensitizers, an azo bridge π-spacer is used to link the phenyl tetrazole acceptor with 2-naphthol donors. To amplify the pull-push effect, the nitro group was connected to the electron acceptor group. The effect of the position of the nitro group and the tetrazole group linked to the benzene ring on the photophysical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of sensitizers are investigated in detail. They all show intense UV–Vis absorptions around 400 nm and 510 nm. The co-sensitizations of SD-1 and SD-2 with ruthenium complex HD-2 are further evaluated and the co-sensitization results were compared with DCA. Co-sensitization of HD-2 with SD-2 was more efficient than found for co-sensitization with DCA (5.6% higher). Moreover, the influences of molecular geometry on charge recombination and photovoltaic performance of DSSCs were systematically investigated by incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) spectra and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) investigations. DA - 2022/2/15/ PY - 2022/2/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131749 VL - 1250 SP - SN - 1872-8014 KW - Dye-sensitized solar cell KW - Co-adosrbent KW - Tetrazole ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advanced Zinc Anode with Nitrogen‐Doping Interface Induced by Plasma Surface Treatment AU - Jia, Hao AU - Qiu, Minghui AU - Lan, Chuntao AU - Liu, Hongqi AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Fu, Shaohai AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Advanced Science AB - Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are one of the most ideal candidates for grid-scale energy storage applications due to their excellent price and safety advantages. However, formation of Zn dendrites and continuous side reactions during cycling result in serious instability problems for ZIBs. In this work, the authors develop a facile and versatile plasma-induced nitrogen-doped Zn (N-Zn) foil for dendrite-free Zn metal anode. Benefitting from the uniform nucleation sites and enhanced surface kinetics, the N-Zn anode exhibits exceptionally low overpotential (around 23 mV) at 1 mA cm-2 and can be cycled for over 3000 h under 1 mA cm-2 because of the enhanced interface behavior. The potential application of N-Zn anode is also confirmed by introducing a full Zn/MnO2 battery with outstanding capacity stability for 2000 cycles at 1 A g-1 . Overall, this work offers new fundamental insights into homogenizing Zn electrodeposition processes by pre-introduced active nucleation sites and provides a novel direction of interface design engineering for ultra-stable Zn metal anode. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1002/advs.202103952 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 2103952 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202103952 KW - N-doped interfaces KW - Plasma surface treatment KW - Zn anodes KW - Zn-ion batteries ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chicago Sky Blue diazo-dye release from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) electrospun nanofibers AU - Dias, Yasmin J. AU - Sinha-Ray, Suman AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Yarin, Alexander L. T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS AB - Electrospun Poly (methyl methacrylate) fibrous nonwovens containing diazo-dye Chicago Sky Blue (CSB) and methyl cellulose (Methocel A15 LV) were fabricated and explored for CSB release for therapeutic purposes. The role of Methocel was to accelerate CSB release and make it tunable in the 20 h to 11 days range. The spectrofluorometric analysis revealed that the release rate and the ultimate released amount were affected by the nonwoven thickness, the surrounding liquid medium (DI water or PBS), wettability of the fiber mat, and the Methocel concentration. In several experiments some intriguing and repeatable oscillations in the amount of the released CSB in the presence of Methocel were observed and accompanied by the appearance of a new fluorescence peak at the wavelength of 680 nm. The Raman spectroscopy was also used to elucidate the nature of such oscillations. A kinetic mechanism is also proposed to explain the oscillations and the appearance of a new fluorescence peak by CSB dimerization and formation of relatively stable CSB dimers. DA - 2022/1/1/ PY - 2022/1/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117771 VL - 345 SP - SN - 1873-3166 KW - Electrospun nanofibers KW - Chicago Sky Blue (CSB) KW - Drug release KW - Dimerization ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interconnected cathode-electrolyte double-layer enabling continuous Li-ion conduction throughout solid-state Li-S battery AU - Yan, Chaoyi AU - Zhou, Ying AU - Cheng, Hui AU - Orenstein, Raphael AU - Zhu, Pei AU - Yildiz, Ozkan AU - Bradford, Philip AU - Jur, Jesse AU - Wu, Nianqiang AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS AB - All-solid-state lithium (Li) batteries with high energy density are a promising solution for the next-generation energy storage systems in large-scale devices. To simultaneously overcome the challenges of poor ionic conduction of solid electrolytes and shuttling of active materials, we introduce a functional electrolyte-cathode bilayer framework with interconnected LLAZO channels from the electrolyte into the cathode for advanced solid-state Li-S batteries. Differing from the traditional solid-state batteries with separated layer compositions, the introduced bilayer framework provides ultrafast and continuous ion/electron conduction. Instead of transferring Li+ across the polymer and garnet phases which involve huge interfacial resistance, Li+ is directly conducted through the LLAZO channels created continuously from the cathode layer to the solid electrolyte layer, significantly shortening the diffusion distance and facilitating the redox reaction of sulfur and sulfides. A stable cycle life is demonstrated in the prototype Li-S solid-state batteries assembled with the introduced [email protected] interconnected bilayer framework. High capacity is obtained at room temperature, indicating the superior electrochemical properties of the bilayer framework that result from the unique design of the interconnected LLAZO garnet phase. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.10.014 VL - 44 SP - 136-144 SN - 2405-8297 KW - Garnet KW - Composite solid electrolytes KW - All-solid-state batteries KW - Lithium-sulfur batteries KW - Continuous Li-ion conduction ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fe2O3-encapsulated and Fe-Nx-containing hierarchical porous carbon spheres as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction AU - Gan, Ruihui AU - Wang, Yali AU - Ma, Wenjun AU - Dirican, Mahmut AU - Zhao, Sa AU - Song, Yan AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Ma, Chang AU - Shi, Jingli T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY AB - It is highly desirable to develop high-efficiency non-precious electrocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, Fe2O3-encapsulated and Fe-Nx-containing porous carbon spheres (Fe2O3/N-MCCS) with unique multi-cage structures and high specific surface area (1360 m2 g−1) are fabricated. The unique porous structure of Fe2O3/N-MCCS ensures fast transportation of oxygen during ORR. The combined effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles and Fe-Nx configurations endows Fe2O3/N-MCCS (E1/2 = 0.837 V vs. RHE) with superior ORR activity and methanol tolerance to Pt/C. And, Fe2O3/N-MCCS exhibits better stability than nitrogen-modified carbon. The characterization results of Fe2O3/N-MCCS after long-term test reveals its excellent structural stability. Impressively, zinc-air battery based on Fe2O3/N-MCCS showed a peak power density of 132.4 mW cm−2 and a specific capacity of 797 mAh g−1, respectively. DA - 2022/1/12/ PY - 2022/1/12/ DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.157 VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 2103-2113 SN - 1879-3487 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.157 KW - Oxygen reduction reaction KW - Multi-cage structures KW - Fe2O3 nanoparticle KW - Fe-Nx KW - Rechargeable zinc-air battery ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bioinspired Bistable Dielectric Elastomer Actuators: Programmable Shapes and Application as Binary Valves AU - Wei, Shuzhen AU - Ghosh, Tushar K. T2 - Soft Robotics AB - Nature has plenty of imitable examples of bistable thin structures that can actuate in response to mechanical and environmental stimuli, such as touch, light, and moisture. Scientists and engineers have used these as models to develop real-world systems with enhanced shape stability, energy efficiency, and power output. The bistable leaf of the Venus Flytrap (VFT) has a uniquely simple structure that enables exquisite actuation to trap the prey instantly. In this study, we present a strategy, inspired and derived from the VFT, which incorporates dielectric elastomer (DE) layers in a bistable actuator capable of reversible snapping through electrical stimulation. The trilayered laminated actuator is composed of two prestrained layers and a strain-limiting middle layer. The balance between elastic energy and bending energy of the laminates results in bistable shapes. We explore a broad design space of the bistable architecture through analysis and experiments to validate the fabrication parameters. The rapid snap-through between the two stable configurations is activated by a voltage pulse applied on the DE layers that change the laminate's strain field. Whereas a high electric field is used as the actuation trigger, the self-stabilization characteristic of the bistable structure obviates the need for continuous voltage supply. Finally, we recommended a new method of flow control by modulating porosity on curved surfaces through operating bistable dielectric elastomer actuators as binary valves. DA - 2022/10/1/ PY - 2022/10/1/ DO - 10.1089/soro.2020.0214 UR - https://doi.org/10.1089/soro.2020.0214 KW - bioinspired KW - bistable structures KW - dielectric elastomer actuators KW - binary valves ER - TY - JOUR TI - One‐step fabrication of bulk nanocomposites reinforced by carbon nanotube array fragments AU - Aly, Karim AU - Aboubakr, Sherif H. AU - Bradford, Philip D. T2 - Polymer Composites AB - Abstract Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) array growth is an established process where high aspect ratio carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are produced. This work demonstrates one‐step approach to fabricate bulk polymer nanocomposites using CNT array fragments'. Here, 4.5 mm long CNTs were collected post VACNTs synthesis. Next, CNT array fragments were coated with pyrolytic carbon (PyC) and infused with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to create porous CNT/PDMS nanocomposite with a CNT weight fraction of 20%. Achieving similar weight fraction with super long bundled CNTs using dispersion techniques is extremely difficult. The compression and dynamic mechanical behaviors and piezoresistive response of the PDMS filled nanocomposite were assessed. The results revealed the potential of the synthesized structure to serve as fatigue‐resistant pressure sensors with high damping and self‐sensing capabilities. The proposed fabrication technique is versatile, as it can work with thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers in addition to allowing for mass production of PDMS filled nanocomposites. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1002/pc.26359 VL - 10 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26359 KW - bulk CNT KW - PDMS composites KW - carbon nanotubes KW - elastomers KW - rheological and mechanical properties ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling the Triboelectric Behaviors of Elastomeric Nonwoven Fabrics AU - Wang, Yanan AU - Shim, Eunkyoung AU - He, Nanfei AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Gao, Wei T2 - Advanced Materials AB - Theoretical modeling of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is fundamental to their performance optimization, since it can provide useful guidance on the material selection, structure design, and parameter control of relevant systems. Built on the theoretical model of film-based TENGs, here, an analytical model is introduced for conductor-to-dielectric contact-mode nonwoven-based TENGs, which copes with the unique hierarchical structure of nonwovens and details the correlation between the triboelectric output (maximum transferred charge density) and nonwoven structural parameters (thickness, solidity, and average fiber diameter). A series of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene nonwoven samples are fabricated through a melt-blowing process to map nonwoven structural features within certain ranges, while an ion-injection protocol is adopted to quantify the triboelectric output with superior consistency and reproducibility. With a database containing structural features and triboelectric output of 43 nonwoven samples, a good model fitting is achieved via nonlinear regression analysis in Python, which also shows good predictive power and suggests the existing of tribo-output maxima at a specific thickness, solidity, or average fiber diameter when other structural parameters are fixed. The model is also successfully applied to a group of polypropylene meltblown nonwovens, which verifies its universality on meltblown-nonwoven-based TENGs. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1002/adma.202106429 VL - 11 SP - 2106429 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202106429 KW - maximum transferred charge density KW - meltblown nonwovens KW - nonwoven structural features KW - triboelectric nanogenerators ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular and excited state properties of photostable anthraquinone red and violet dyes for hydrophobic fibers AU - Ding, Yi AU - Szymczyk, Malgorzata AU - Mehraban, Nahid AU - Lim, Jihye AU - Parrillo-Chapman, Lisa AU - El-Shafei, Ahmed AU - Freeman, Harold S. T2 - JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AB - The molecular, spectroscopic, and excited state properties of synthetic dyes for fiber-based outdoor materials continue to be of commercial interest. Early developments in this area were reported in the 1980s, when the need for dyes for polyester (PET)-based automobile interiors gave rise to commercially viable nitrodiphenylamine yellow, anthraquinone red and blue, and azo red dyes. To augment that initial knowledge base, the present study involved the use of experimental and theoretical methods to help establish the molecular structures and excited state properties of some more recent dyes for producing photostable colors on PET fibers. Having completed the characterization of present-day scarlet, blue, and yellow disperse dyes for PET-based fibers used outdoors, our attention turned to commercially available red and violet dyes. In this regard, HPLC analysis showed that the red product was a mixture containing four components, while the violet product contained only one component. Results from 1H NMR, HRMS, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that the principal components were dyes having a 1-amino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone base structure. The presence of an –OH group alpha to an anthraquinone C=O moiety provides for intramolecular H-bonding and a subsequent opportunity for intramolecular proton transfer in the excited state – as a photostabilizing mechanism. Further, for both dyes, results from the analysis of Frontier HOMO and LUMO isosurfaces indicated strong HOMO-LUMO overlap without molecular gaps and were consistent with strong excited state energy dissipation in a non-destructive way. DA - 2022/1/15/ PY - 2022/1/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131349 VL - 1248 SP - SN - 1872-8014 KW - Anthraquinone disperse dyes KW - Photostability KW - Intramolecular H-bonding KW - Structural analysis KW - X-ray crystallography KW - Molecular modelling ER - TY - JOUR TI - Metal-complexed monoazo dyes as sustainable permanent hair dye alternatives-Toxicological and durability properties AU - Williams, Tova N. AU - Vacchi, Francine I. AU - Santos, Amanda AU - AragaUmbuzeiro, Gisela AU - Freeman, Harold S. T2 - DYES AND PIGMENTS AB - As a new approach to permanent/oxidative hair dyes, we demonstrated that certain monoazo dyes containing substituents that enable diffusion into hair fibers and subsequent chelation/complexation using benign metal ions (Al3+ and Fe3+), rather than a harsh oxidant and strong alkali, merit consideration in this application area. This is important, because billions of individuals worldwide color their hair using permanent hair dye products that can contain aromatic amines and phenols that display genotoxicity and/or skin sensitization (e.g., para-phenylenediamine, PPD). Herein, our work is extended to an examination of the toxicological properties and durability of metallizable monoazo dyes, in comparison to a commercially used permanent hair dye product. Results from the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay and from acute toxicity tests using aquatic test organisms (Daphnia similis, 48-h and Parhyale hawaiensis, 96-h) indicated that the proposed dyes were significantly less toxic than the top-eight permanent hair dye precursors utilized annually. Regarding durability, monoazo dye chelation in situ led to a higher degree of resistance to removal by washing than a commercial permanent hair dye. Taken together, these results further demonstrate the potential of the dyes as sustainable alternatives to conventional permanent hair dyes. DA - 2022/1// PY - 2022/1// DO - 10.1016/j.dyepig.2021.109819 VL - 197 SP - SN - 1873-3743 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2021.109819 KW - Aquatic toxicity KW - Hair dyes KW - Metal-complexed dyes KW - Mutagenicity KW - Sustainability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identifying factors that contribute to structural firefighter heat strain in North America AU - Barker, Roger AU - Fang, Xiaomeng AU - Deaton, Shawn AU - DenHartog, Emiel AU - Gao, Huipu AU - Tutterow, Robert AU - Schmid, Marni T2 - International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics AB - This article describes results from a survey of firefighters designed to identify conditions that contribute to heat strain in structural firefighting. Based on responses from about 3000 firefighters across the USA and Canada, the article provides invaluable information about how firefighters associate environmental conditions, work tasks and other factors with heat strain. One-half of firefighters surveyed have experienced heat stress during their service. They can wear fully deployed turnout gear for 2 h or more at the fire scene, reinforcing the importance of turnout suit breathability as a factor in heat strain. Survey results are useful in weighing the comparative value of total heat loss (THL) and evaporative heat resistance (Ref) for predicting turnout-related heat strain. Survey findings support the inclusion of a performance criterion in the National Fire Protection Association 1971 standard for firefighter personal protective equipment based on limiting Ref of turnout materials along with current THL requirement. DA - 2022/10/2/ PY - 2022/10/2/ DO - 10.1080/10803548.2021.1987024 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2021.1987024 KW - firefighters' heat strain KW - North America KW - survey KW - thermal environments KW - personal protective equipment KW - turnout gear KW - work load KW - time distribution ER - TY - JOUR TI - A relative hairiness index for evaluating the securities of fiber ends in staple yarns and its application AU - Huang, Xinxin AU - Tao, Xiaoming AU - Yin, Rong AU - Liu, Shirui T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - Hairiness is a prominent property of staple yarns, but the existing evaluation parameters mainly describe the fiber ends already protruding out of yarn bodies. The potential fiber ends in yarns also play a crucial role in the performance of yarns in the subsequent processes and the resultant fabric quality. In our previous studies, maximum hairiness and its theoretical model have been proposed, which indicate the maximum fiber ends of a staple yarn having the potential to protrude out of yarn bodies and become hairy. On this basis, the relative hairiness index (RHI) is developed in this study to evaluate the fiber end tucking and securities of yarns. This index is treated as a ratio of the measured hairiness of sample yarns and the maximum hairiness of ring yarns in the same twist level and yarn count. A lower RHI indicates more fiber ends being tucked into yarn bodies, and a slower increment of the RHI with the increasing winding times represents more stable securities of fiber ends in yarns. The experimental results demonstrate that the RHI can directly reveal the effectiveness of different spinning parameters and methods in tucking and securing fiber ends; also, the changes of the RHI with increasing winding times visually present the stableness of fiber ends in various yarns experiencing abrasion, as well as predict the possibility of the potential fiber ends being pulled out to form hairiness during successive processes. The proposed RHI, therefore, provides a significant reference for the spinning process design and yarn quality control. DA - 2022/2// PY - 2022/2// DO - 10.1177/00405175211035136 VL - 92 IS - 3-4 SP - 356-367 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175211035136 KW - Relative hairiness index KW - fiber securities KW - staple yarns KW - low-twist spinning ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of Natural Bioactive Alkaloids: Anticancer Perspective AU - Patel, Ashish AU - Vanecha, Ravi AU - Patel, Jay AU - Patel, Divy AU - Shah, Umang AU - Bambharoliya, Tushar T2 - MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AB - Cancer is a frightful disease that still poses a 'nightmare' worldwide, causing millions of casualties annually imposing one of the human race's greatest health-care challenges that entail a pragmatic treatment strategy. Plants are repositories for new chemical entities and have a promising cancer research path, supplying 60% of the anticancer agents currently used. However, plants and plant-derived products revolutionize the field, as they are quick, cleaner, eco-friendly, low-cost, effective, and less toxic than conventional treatment methods. Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich reservoir for drug discovery and development. However, some alkaloids derived from natural herbs display anti-proliferation and antimetastatic activity on different forms of cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Alkaloids have also been widely formulated as anticancer medications, such as camptothecin and vinblastine. Based on the information in the literature, this review focuses on the naturally-derived bioactive alkaloids with prospective anticancer properties. Still, more research and clinical trials are required before final recommendations can be made on specific alkaloids. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022/// DO - 10.2174/1389557521666210712111331 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 200-212 SN - 1875-5607 UR - https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557521666210712111331 KW - Natural alkaloids KW - anticancer agents KW - vinblastine KW - camptothecin KW - natural herbs KW - plant products ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cotton dyeing performance enhancing mechanism of mangiferin enriched bio-waste by transition metals chelation AU - Islam, M. Tauhidul AU - Liman, Md Luthfar Rahman AU - Roy, Manindra Nath AU - Hossain, Md. Milon AU - Repon, Md. Reazuddin AU - Al Mamun, Md. Abdullah T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - This study reported a sustainable and facile coloration approach of cotton fabric by exploiting mangiferin enriched mango seed kernel bio-waste. The extract principally contains mangiferin and different polyphenolic chromophores such as hydrolysable tannin, flavonoids (quercetin), betacyanin and saponin which were confirmed by phytochemical screening. The optimum conditions for dyeing were found at 90 °C with a time interval of 60 min and the overall fixation rate of chromophores was ranging from 56 to 71%. Different transition metals (Fe2+, Cu2+, Al3+, and Sn2+) were utilized to promote the fixation of mangiferin enriched dye (MED) chromophores. The higher absorption mechanisms of MED chromophores have been discussed in terms of molecular orientation (TCI, LOI), and inter and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding configuration (HBI, EH, R). The total amount of anchored chromophores was expressed by the asymmetric factor (AF). The maximum dye-fiber bonding behavior was proposed in Fe2+ encased sample with an improvement of color strength (K/S) from 5.97 to 7.20. Besides, the addition of electrolytes in the dye bath further improved the chromophores' exhaustion (K/S = 8.4). Higher chromophores fixation with metallic cross-linkers and cationic electrolyte endowed diverse colorimetric values (L*, a*, b*, c*, h, BI, ΔE) for the dyed samples and ensured excellent colorfastness properties in comparison to other natural dyeing processes. DA - 2022/3/17/ PY - 2022/3/17/ DO - 10.1080/00405000.2021.1892337 VL - 113 IS - 4 SP - 567-579 SN - 1754-2340 KW - Mangiferin KW - phytochemical screening KW - cellulose crystallinity KW - transition metal chelation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. bark extract: optimisation of dyeing conditions to wool and colour fastness properties AU - Silva, Patricia Muniz dos Santos AU - Franca, Vitoria Hamawaki AU - Queiroz, Rayana Santiago de AU - Lima, Fernando Soares de AU - Freeman, Harold S. AU - Costa, Silgia Aparecida da AU - Costa, Sirlene Maria da T2 - NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH AB - The ability to add value to waste materials from industrial operations has come to the attention of the wood processing industry, with reports, for example, of extracts from the bark tree conveying colour and UV protection to textile fibres. The objective of the present work was to expand our developments in this arena by using Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. bark extract as a natural dye for textile dyeing. A complete 2³-statistical experimental design and the central point was elaborated. The results showed that the optimal dyeing conditions were 98 °C, for 60 min, using undiluted bark extract. The dyed fabric was analysed by a spectrophotometer using the CIELAB system for evaluation of the colour strength. The results showed a K/S value of 5.78, and the dyed fabric had good colour fastness to rubbing and washing. DA - 2022/7/15/ PY - 2022/7/15/ DO - 10.1080/14786419.2021.1872567 VL - 36 IS - 14 SP - 3744-3749 SN - 1478-6427 KW - Natural dyeing KW - bark extract KW - wool KW - full factorial design KW - textile dyeing KW - colour fastness ER - TY - JOUR TI - A new framework of complex system reliability with imperfect maintenance policy AU - Zhu, Mengmeng T2 - ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH DA - 2022/5// PY - 2022/5// DO - 10.1007/s10479-020-03852-w VL - 312 IS - 1 SP - 553-579 SN - 1572-9338 KW - Complex system reliability modeling KW - Interactions of software and hardware KW - Software-induced hardware failures KW - Hardware-induced software failures KW - Markov process ER - TY - JOUR TI - A generalized multiple environmental factors software reliability model with stochastic fault detection process AU - Zhu, Mengmeng AU - Pham, Hoang T2 - ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH DA - 2022/4// PY - 2022/4// DO - 10.1007/s10479-020-03732-3 VL - 311 IS - 1 SP - 525-546 SN - 1572-9338 KW - Software reliability growth model KW - Environmental factors KW - Martingale framework ER -