TY - CONF TI - The Mechanical Behavior of Acrylic Surgical Cement Reinforced with High Performance Fibers AU - Wagner, H.D. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Gordon Conference on Composites C2 - 1987/1/12/ CY - Santa Barbara, California DA - 1987/1/12/ PY - 1987/1/12/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Alternating Lateralized Stimulation Technique for Performing Somatosensory Evoked-Potentials AU - Goldberg, G. AU - Schmier, M.G. T2 - Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology DA - 1987/11// PY - 1987/11// VL - 67 IS - 5 SP - 102-103 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The chlorine-hair interaction. II. Effect of chlorination at varied pH levels on hair properties AU - Fair, N. AU - Gupta, B. S. T2 - Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 38 SP - 371-384 ER - TY - CONF TI - Designing fiberwebs for specific fiber properties AU - Batra, S. C2 - 1987/// C3 - INDA-TEC 87: book of papers: the International Nonwovens Technological Conference: May 18-21, 1987, Marriott's Hilton Head Resort, Hilton Head, S.C. DA - 1987/// PB - New York : INDA Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry ER - TY - CONF TI - Designing fiberwebs for specific elastic properties AU - Batra, S.K. AU - Shang, P.P. C2 - 1987/// C3 - INDA-TEC 87: book of papers: the International Nonwovens Technological Conference: May 18-21, 1987, Marriott's Hilton Head Resort, Hilton Head, S.C. DA - 1987/// PB - New York : INDA Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry ER - TY - JOUR TI - Vascular grafts: Textile structures and their performance AU - POURDEYHIMI, BEHNAM T2 - Textile Progress DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1080/00405168608688902 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 1–35 ER - TY - CONF TI - Determination of the photodegradation products of Basic Yellow 2 by thermospray HPLC/MS and GC/MS AU - Freeman, H.S. AU - Voyksner, R.D. AU - Pack, T.W. AU - Hsu, W.N. AU - Haney, C.A. C2 - 1987/// C3 - ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics DA - 1987/// SP - 155-156 PB - Denver, Colo. : ASMS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Woollen and worsted yarn processing AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Smith, P.A. T2 - Textile Horizons (Manchester, England) DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 7 IS - 12 SP - 27-33 ER - TY - CONF TI - Measuring protective insulation of fabrics in hot surface contact AU - Barker, R.L. AU - Stamper, S. AU - Shalev, I. A2 - S.Z. Mansdorf, R. Sager A2 - Nielsen, A. P. C2 - 1987/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing : second symposium DA - 1987/// DO - 10.1520/stp26277s PB - Philadelphia, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803111677 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Albumin coated polyester arterial prostheses: Is xenogenic albumin safe? AU - Slimane, S. Ben AU - Guidoin, R. AU - Marceau, D. AU - KING, Martin W. AU - Merhi, Y. AU - Rao, T.J. AU - Martin, L. AU - Lafreniere-Gagnon, D. AU - Gosselin, C. T2 - Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Artificial Organs AB - This paper adds a new dimension to the series of studies concerned with the development of an albumin-coated polyester vascular prosthesis by addressing the question of the origin of the albumin. Previous experiments in dogs have used canine albumin-coated polyester arterial grafts. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of xenogenic material by implanting in dogs prostheses coated with bovine albumin and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Two series of albuminated grafts, one gamma radiation sterilized, the other ethylene oxide sterilized, as well as a preclotted control series were undertaken. The origin of the albumin did not appear to be significant. In fact, the healing pattern of the xenogenic albumin coated grafts was identical to that found previously with isogenic albumin. Nor did the method of sterilization produce significantly different pathological results. However, a slower rate of healing with the coated grafts compared to the preclotted controls did appear to be related to the slow rate of albumin erosion and the potentially cytotoxic effect of the glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.3109/10731198709118539 VL - 15 SP - 453–481 ER - TY - CONF TI - Nonwovens technology and mechanics of nonwovens AU - Batra, S. C2 - 1987/// C3 - INDA-TEC 97: largest international nonwovens technical conference: September 8-10, 1997, Royal Sonesta Hotel, Cambridge, Mass. DA - 1987/// PB - Cary, NC: INDA, Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry ER - TY - CONF TI - Evaluating the thermal protective insulation properties of advanced heat- resistant fabrics AU - Barker, R.L. AU - Lee, Y.M. C2 - 1987/// C3 - Advanced materials technology '87 : 32nd International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition, Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California, April 6-9, 1987 DA - 1987/// PB - Covina, Calif.: The Society SN - 9780938994343 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Air jet spun yarn structure in relation to tensile properties AU - Miao, M. AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Grosberg, P. T2 - Journal of China Textile University DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 31-47 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A study into the mechanics of air jet fasciation AU - Miao, M. AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Grosberg, P. T2 - Journal of China Textile University DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 4 SP - 59-70 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Complications evolutives associees aux protheses arterielles en polyester: Etude de 61 specimens apres exerese chirurgicale AU - Guidoin, R. AU - King, M. AU - Marois, M. AU - Roy, P.E. AU - Rolland, C. AU - Marceau, D. AU - David, M. AU - Descotes, J. AU - Benichoux, R. AU - Age, B. AU - Gautier, F. AU - Glanddier, G. T2 - Duplicate DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 12 SP - 303-314 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Composite Materials for Use in Orthopaedic Applications: Fracture Behavior of Acrylic Bone Cement Reinforced with High Toughness Organic Fibers AU - Wagner, H. D. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Composite Structures 4 A2 - Marshall, I.H. PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1007/978-94-009-3457-3_25 SP - 325–336 PB - Springer SN - 9789401080484 9789400934573 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3457-3_25 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Technical progress and the evolution of the wage arrangements in the british cotton weaving industry AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Jackson, K.C. T2 - Ars Textrina DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 7 SP - 61-74 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A critical review of the structural and material properties in vascular grafts AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Journal of Biomaterials Applications DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 163-205 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Thermal protective performance of heat resistant fabrics in various high intensity heat exposures AU - Barker, R. L. AU - Lee, Y. M. T2 - Textile Research Journal AB - The thermal protective performance of 21 heat-resistant fabrics made with poly benzimidazole (PBI), aromatic polyamide (aramid), and blends of PBI with aramid or with flame retardant rayon fibers was evaluated in laboratory tests using highly intense exposures to radiant or convective heat sources. The contribution of heat transfer mechanisms to thermal insulation is discussed, as is the degradation behavior of different materials in high intensity heating. Variables important in the development of improved fabrics for thermal protective apparel are identified. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1177/004051758705700301 VL - 57 IS - 3 SP - 123-132 ER - TY - JOUR TI - TIME TO FAILURE OF BIODEGRADABLE SUTURES - A NEW APPROACH AU - POURDEYHIMI, B T2 - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS DA - 1987/9// PY - 1987/9// DO - 10.1007/BF01729124 VL - 6 IS - 9 SP - 1039-1042 SN - 0261-8028 ER - TY - JOUR TI - THE INSERTION OF TWIST INTO YARNS BY MEANS OF AIR-JETS .2. TWIST DISTRIBUTION AND TWIST-INSERTION RATES IN AIR-JET TWISTING AU - GROSBERG, P AU - OXENHAM, W AU - MIAO, M T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1080/00405008708658246 VL - 78 IS - 3 SP - 204-219 SN - 0040-5000 ER - TY - JOUR TI - THE INSERTION OF TWIST INTO YARNS BY MEANS OF AIR-JETS .1. AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY OF AIR-JET SPINNING AU - GROSBERG, P AU - OXENHAM, W AU - MIAO, M T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - A comparison of the yarns spun on three different arrangements of air-jets shows that the Murata-type twin-jet arrangement produces well-wrapped, strong yarns. For the production of a high level of fasciation, it is necessary that the distance between the front roller nip and the position at which the edge fibres contact the the strand should be as long as possible. If the edge fibres contact the strand close to the roller nip, they will either not produce wrapping fibres or at best produce very short wraps. An analysis of the wrapping-fibre formation indicates that the Murata principle is advantageous in creating long and effective wrapping fibres. Some of the spinning conditions are investigated, and the results are interpreted in accordance with the above mechanism. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1080/00405008708658245 VL - 78 IS - 3 SP - 189-203 SN - 0040-5000 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PURIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR SYNTHETIC DYES .3. HPLC SEPARATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF 1,4-BIS(2,6-DIISOPROPYLANILINO)ANTHRAQUINONE AU - MILLS, KP AU - FREEMAN, HS AU - WHALEY, WM AU - CARROLL, FI T2 - DYES AND PIGMENTS AB - Abstract Reverse-phase thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of a laboratory-synthesized sample of 1,4-bis(2,6-diisopropylanilino)anthraquinone revealed that the dye contained three components (violet, blue and blue-green). Analytically HPLC then showed that the blue-green component was a mixture of blue-green and green dyes. The four dyes were separated by HPLC, and each was identified by 1 H-NMR and mass-spectral analysis. The latter three dyes were shown to be isomeric compounds which result from the presence of a small amount of 2,4-diisopropylaniline in commercial 2,6-diisopropylaniline. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1016/0143-7208(87)85029-5 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 389-395 SN - 0143-7208 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PHOTOLYTIC BEHAVIOR OF SOME POPULAR DISPERSE DYES ON POLYESTER AND NYLON SUBSTRATES AU - FREEMAN, HS AU - HSU, WN T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - The photodegradation products that form when disperse red 1, red 17, and blue 3 dyed fabrics and films are exposed to carbon arc and xenon arc light sources have been identified. The effects of black panel and dye carrier on the nature of the deg radation products and the fading process itself were also studied. The results of this research indicate that the same photodegradation products occur in comparisons in volving carbon arc versus xenon arc exposures, polyester versus nylon substrates, black panel versus no black panel exposures, and exposures of carrier dyed versus no carrier dyed PET. It is clear that photo-reduction pathways account for the products that form when the two azo disperse dyes (red 1 and red 17) photofade, but photo oxidation characterizes the fading of the anthraquinone disperse dye blue 3. The pho todegradation products were determined with the aid of GC mass spectrometry and by TLC comparisons with authentic samples. DA - 1987/4// PY - 1987/4// DO - 10.1177/004051758705700407 VL - 57 IS - 4 SP - 223-234 SN - 1746-7748 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INFLUENCE OF FILLING YARN CHARACTERISTICS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CORDUROY FABRICS WOVEN ON AN AIR-JET LOOM AU - MOHAMED, MH AU - BARGHASH, VA AU - BARKER, RL T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - The performance of 100% cotton open-end and ring spun yarns on an air-jet loom and their behavior in corduroy fabric are investigated. The amount of twist loss and the twist distribution across the fabric width are determined. The effects of changing yarn count and original twist level on the retained twist and on fabric properties are discussed. DA - 1987/11// PY - 1987/11// DO - 10.1177/004051758705701106 VL - 57 IS - 11 SP - 661-670 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ANALYZING THE TRANSIENT THERMO-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HEAT-RESISTANT FABRICS IN TPP EXPOSURES AU - BARKER, RL AU - LEE, YM T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - The effect of high intensity heat on the transient thermophysical properties has been investigated for eight protective fabrics made with polybenzimidazole (PBI), Kevlar®, Nomex®, and blends of PBI with Kevlar® or rayon fibers. Exposure conditions used for this study were 2.0 cal/cm 2 .s, 50/50 radiant/convective, and a 2.0 cal/cm 2 .s, 100% radiant heat. An interrupted exposure approach was used to obtain a series of test fabrics exposed for incrementally increasing durations. These samples were ana lyzed offline to determine the effect of timed exposures on properties affecting heat transfer. An analysis of momentary fluctuation reveals that two factors critically de termine the response of heat stable materials in TPP tests: one is the moisture in the fabric and its effect on fabric heating and transmission, and the other is the retention of effective thermal thickness. DA - 1987/6// PY - 1987/6// DO - 10.1177/004051758705700603 VL - 57 IS - 6 SP - 331-338 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - AN APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF NONMUTAGENIC AZO DYES .2. POTENTIAL REPLACEMENTS FOR THE BENZIDINE MOIETY OF SOME MUTAGENIC AZO DYESTUFFS AU - CALOGERO, F AU - FREEMAN, HS AU - ESANCY, JF AU - WHALEY, WM AU - DABNEY, BJ T2 - DYES AND PIGMENTS AB - This paper describes the synthesis of 5,5'-diamino-2,2'-bipyridine and its subsequent evaluation as a possible replacement for the benzidine residue in some well-known carcinogenic henzidine-based azo dyes. The results of this investigation suggest that this diaminobipyridine is much less genotoxic than benzidine itself, and that certain dyes derived from it are also less genotoxic than their benzidine counterparts. The compounds prepared in this study were evaluated in the standard Ames mutagenicity test, and in an interesting modification developed by Prival and coworkers. Each compound was found to be more active in the latter protocol. The synthesis of the diamine and of four azo dyes derived from it is described. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1016/0143-7208(87)85035-0 VL - 8 IS - 6 SP - 431-447 SN - 1873-3743 ER - TY - JOUR TI - AN APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF NONMUTAGENIC AZO DYES .1. THE IDENTIFICATION OF NONMUTAGENIC PRECURSORS AND POTENTIAL METABOLITES AU - FREEMAN, HS AU - ESANCY, JF AU - ESANCY, MK AU - MILLS, KP AU - WHALEY, WM AU - DABNEY, BJ T2 - DYES AND PIGMENTS AB - This paper describes a strategy for the development of non-mutagenic dyes by identifying and elaborating some non-genotoxic precursors. The approach presented makes use of the numerous published articles which describe the results of the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity testing of azo dyes and their intermediates. A number of chemical intermediates have been evaluated in this study as potential replacements for known carcinogenic dye intermediates which have been used in the past to produce dyes possessing good physical and chemical properties. Several of the intermediates examined were found to be non-mutagenic, and were converted to azo dyes which were themselves non-mutagenic. The results of this study suggest that the development of non-carcinogenic azo dyes could be accomplished by employing an approach which would utilize non-mutagenic intermediates and also take into consideration the potential genotoxicity of the metabolites resulting from reductive cleavage of the azo linkages. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1016/0143-7208(87)85034-9 VL - 8 IS - 6 SP - 417-430 SN - 0143-7208 ER - TY - JOUR TI - TEXTILE ARTERIAL PROSTHESES - IS WATER PERMEABILITY EQUIVALENT TO POROSITY AU - GUIDOIN, R AU - KING, M AU - MARCEAU, D AU - CARDOU, A AU - DELAFAYE, D AU - LEGENDRE, JM AU - BLAIS, P T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH AB - Abstract Porosity and water permeability are two distinct terms that describe different characteristics of vascular prostheses. The porosity is a measure of the void fraction within the prosthesis wall and is believed to give a rough prediction of the capacity of the graft to anchor newly formed surrounding tissue after implantation, whereas the water permeability indicates the rate at which water can flow through the prosthesis wall and, when measured under physiological pressure conditions, provides the surgeon with information about the need for preclotting prior to implantation. The literature has not always clearly distinguished between these two terms, and some authors in fact have suggested that they both refer to the same property of a prosthesis. In an attempt to clarify the issue, porosity and water permeability measurements were made on 34 commercial vascular prostheses having different textile constructions. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that these two characteristics are only weakly related ( r = 0.59). It is therefore recommended that the current draft standards for such devices reference both properties: porosity and water permeability. DA - 1987/1// PY - 1987/1// DO - 10.1002/jbm.820210111 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 65-87 SN - 0021-9304 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A HYDROPHILIC MICROPOROUS POLYURETHANE VASCULAR GRAFT AU - MARTZ, H AU - BEAUDOIN, G AU - PAYNTER, R AU - KING, M AU - MARCEAU, D AU - GUIDOIN, R T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH AB - Abstract There is still a need for a viable small‐diameter synthetic vascular graft. The expanded PTEE device appears to be the best presently available, but is still inferior to the autologous saphenous vein. Recently, a novel microporous, small‐diameter vascular graft fabricated from Mitrathane, a polyether urethane urea (PEUU), has been developed. In this article, we report the findings of an in vitro evaluation of the morphological, mechanical, and chemical properties of this new device. The results are compared with those of established vascular prostheses made from alternative materials including expanded PTFE and bovine heterograft, and with natural blood vessels. The PEUU graft displays good mechanical properties in spite of the presence of some structural defects or anomalies. In particular it compares favorably to the expanded PTFE device by providing both superior radial compliance and improved suture tearing strength. DA - 1987/3// PY - 1987/3// DO - 10.1002/jbm.820210311 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 399-412 SN - 0021-9304 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INVITRO AND INVIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF AN IMPERVIOUS POLYESTER ARTERIAL PROSTHESIS - THE GELSEAL TRIAXIAL GRAFT AU - GUIDOIN, R AU - MARCEAU, D AU - RAO, TJ AU - KING, M AU - MERHI, Y AU - ROY, PE AU - MARTIN, L AU - DUVAL, M T2 - BIOMATERIALS AB - Over the years, textile polyester arterial prostheses have acquired an excellent reputation for easy handling and good healing characteristics. Until recently, the main drawback in using them was the need for preclotting. This, however, is no longer true. Nonporous polyester grafts which have been coated with an impervious bioerodible layer during manufacture are now commercially available. The Gelseal Triaxial® prosthesis is one of this new generation of grafts. It is manufactured by impregnating a Triaxial® prosthesis with a gelatin coating. An in vivo and in vitro evaluation of this new device has found that its water permeability is almost zero. It has good handling and conformability characteristics, and its bursting strength is slightly greater than that of the uncoated prosthesis due, no doubt, to the presence of the gel. The rates of degradation of the gelatin coating have proven to be rapid under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In fact, only a few traces of the gel were found remaining on the graft after 2 wk in the canine thoracic aorta. In addition, this study has demonstrated that the use of a bioerodible gelatin coating, with its ability to promote cellular regeneration, is a feasible approach with which to achieve earlier and more complete biological healing. DA - 1987/11// PY - 1987/11// DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(87)90079-2 VL - 8 IS - 6 SP - 433-441 SN - 0142-9612 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Troubleshooting in textile wet processing: Parts 1 through 12, one each month AU - Smith, C. T2 - American Dyestuff Reporter DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// VL - 76 ER - TY - JOUR TI - THERMOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STRESS HISTORY IN HEAT SET NYLON-6 CARPET YARNS AU - DENNIS, LA AU - BUCHANAN, DR T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Tension effects during a commercial heat setting process were investigated through the analysis of the thermomechanical behavior of heat set nylon 6 carpet yarns. The stress history of these yarns was modified by altering the yarn tension level at various positions along the Superba continuous heat setting process. Changes in fiber structure and morphology were characterized by mechanical testing, shrinkage measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal stress analysis. A model based on the hypothesis that there are two domains of molecular order that respond differently to the effects of stress, such that structural and morphological changes proceed via two distinct mechanisms, was fit to the experimental shrinkage force-temperature curves and described the experimental curves very well. Changes in the calculated curve parameters were highly correlated with the observed changes in shrinkage and initial moduli. Each of these changes was a function of the tension state of the nylon 6 yarns during the heat setting process. Analysis of the shrinkage force curves and their characteristic parameters showed that this technique is capable of identifying subtle variations in fiber microstructure and therefore has significant applications to the identification of stress history differences in heat set fibers and yams. DA - 1987/11// PY - 1987/11// DO - 10.1177/004051758705701102 VL - 57 IS - 11 SP - 625-639 SN - 0040-5175 ER - TY - JOUR TI - STUDIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FIBRILLAR STRUCTURE IN NYLON-6 AU - LIM, JG AU - GEORGE, W AU - GUPTA, BS T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Journal of Applied Polymer ScienceVolume 33, Issue 3 p. 989-996 NoteFree Access Studies of the development of fibrillar structure in nylon 6 Jong G. Lim, Jong G. Lim School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this authorWaller George, Waller George School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this authorBhupender S. Gupta, Bhupender S. Gupta School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this author Jong G. Lim, Jong G. Lim School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this authorWaller George, Waller George School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this authorBhupender S. Gupta, Bhupender S. Gupta School of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695Search for more papers by this author First published: 20 February 1987 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330326Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 A. J. Rosenthal, Text. Res. J., 36, 593 (1966). 10.1177/004051756603600701 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 2 T. W. George and B. S. Gupta, Appl. Polym. Symp. 33, 73 (1978). CASGoogle Scholar 3 A. E. Zachariades and R. S. Porter, Polym. News, 5, 230 (1979). Google Scholar 4 C. Whitley, Master's thesis, North Carolina State University (1979). Google Scholar 5 J. A. Odell, D. T. Grubb, and A. Keller, Polymer, 19, 617 (1978). 10.1016/0032-3861(78)90113-1 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 6 G. A. Gordon, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 9, 1693 (1971). 10.1002/pol.1971.160090911 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 7 A. Jeziorny, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 28, 1025 (1983). 10.1002/app.1983.070280310 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 8 H. D. Keith, F. J. Padden, Jr., and R. G. Vadimsky, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 18, 2307 (1980). 10.1002/pol.1980.180181117 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 9 J. Rietveld and A. J. McHugh, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Lett. Ed., 21, 919 (1983). 10.1002/pol.1983.130211110 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 10 J. Smook and A. J. Pennings, Polym. Bull., 10, 29 (1983). 10.1007/BF00281938 Web of Science®Google Scholar 11 T. W. George and P. Tucker, Polym. Eng. Sci., 15, 510 (1975). 10.1002/pen.760150609 Web of Science®Google Scholar 12 H. Artunc and G. Egbers, Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, 26, 510 (1976). CASGoogle Scholar 13 J. Smook and A. J. Pennings, Coll. Polym. Sci., 262, 712 (1984). 10.1007/BF01451543 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 14 T. Kunugi, T. Ikuta, and M. Hashimoto, Polymer, 23, 1983 (1982). 10.1016/0032-3861(82)90228-2 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 15 M. Kyotani, J. Macromol. Sci., B21(2), 275 (1982). 10.1080/00222348208204940 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 16 J. E. Stamhuis, A. J. Pennings, and H. D. Chanzy, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 17, 1033 (1979). 10.1002/pol.1979.180170611 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 17 J. E. Stamhuis, S. D. Sjoerdsma, and A. J. Pennings, J. Macromol. Sci., B22 (3), 383 (1983). 10.1080/00222348308215197 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume33, Issue320 February 1987Pages 989-996 ReferencesRelatedInformation DA - 1987/2/20/ PY - 1987/2/20/ DO - 10.1002/app.1987.070330326 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 989-996 SN - 1097-4628 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INTERFACIAL SHEAR-STRESS IN A SHORT GLASS FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE SHEET AU - GUPTA, VB AU - MITTAL, RK AU - SHARMA, PK AU - GUPTA, BS T2 - COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AB - The interfacial shear stress, τ, in an extruded short glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene sheet having good fibre alignment is evaluated using two approaches. The first approach considers the matrix to be elastic and results in τ increasing linearly with composite strain. The second approach assumes that the interfacial shear stress is directly proportional to the composite stress. On this scheme, up to 0·8% composite strain, τ is quantitatively identical to that predicted by the first model and it also increases linearly with composite strain. At higher strains, however, the rate of increase of τ is smaller. It is observec that the dependence of τ on composite strain is very similar to the tensile stress-strain behaviour of the homopolymer extruded sheet. The possible implications of this observation are briefly discussed. DA - 1987/// PY - 1987/// DO - 10.1016/0266-3538(87)90061-3 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 45-56 SN - 0266-3538 ER - TY - JOUR TI - STABILITY OF DMDHEU AND ALKYLATED CROSS-LINKING FINISHES TOWARDS ACIDIC AND ALKALINE-HYDROLYSIS AU - ABHYANKAR, PN AU - BECK, KR AU - LADISCH, CM AU - BERTONIERE, NR T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Cotton fabrics treated with various alkylated derivatives of DMDHEU were subjected to hydrolysis by urea-phosphoric acid, hot 23% sodium hydroxide, and urea-phosphoric acid followed by sodium hydroxide. Sequential treatment with acid and base removed more nitrogen and formaldehyde than the alkaline treatment, which removed more nitrogen and formaldehyde than the acid treatment. Stability of the crosslinks generated by these resins depended on both the degree of alkylation of DMDHEU and the nature of the alkyl cap. This stability was reflected in greater amounts of residual nitrogen and formaldehyde after hydrolysis. Those residues, in turn, affected the residual break ing strength, flex abrasion resistance, and wrinkle recovery of the hydrolyzed fabrics. The stability of the crosslinks also correlated well with formaldehyde release data for the treated fabrics. DA - 1987/7// PY - 1987/7// DO - 10.1177/004051758705700704 VL - 57 IS - 7 SP - 395-400 SN - 1746-7748 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INFLUENCE OF REAGENT RESIDUES AND CATALYSTS ON FORMALDEHYDE RELEASE FROM DMDHEU-TREATED COTTON AU - PASAD, DM AU - BECK, KR AU - VAIL, SL T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Abstract Observations and conclusions drawn from a model N ‐methylol reactant system have been used to study formaldehyde release from cotton fabric treated with N,N′ ‐dimethylol‐4,5‐dihydroxy‐ethyleneurea (DMDHEU). Reagent residues produced by DMDHEU in the presence of sodium bisulfate or zinc nitrate were found to be more complex than those formed from the N ‐methylolpyrrolidone (NMP) reactant system, and the exact nature of some of the residues from DMDHEU could not be established. Zinc nitrate produces higher fixation of DMDHEU on cotton as compared to sodium bisulfate and also reduces formaldehyde release. As is the case with the NMP system, the lower amount of formaldehyde release with zinc nitrate catalyst is believed to be at least partially due to the formation of a complex between the N ‐methylol reactant, DMDHEU, and zinc nitrate. The COCell bonds in both finishes resist acid‐catalyzed cleavage but cleavage of the NC bonds in N ‐methylol groups (to release formadehyde) in the presence of acid is greater for the DMDHEU system than for the NMP system. Results with the DMDHEU and NMP systems are similar, but because of the complex nature of the products formed in the DMDHEU system it is very difficult to correlated formaldehyde release with specific chemical structures of residues or reactants. DA - 1987/8/5/ PY - 1987/8/5/ DO - 10.1002/app.1987.070340210 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 549-558 SN - 0021-8995 ER -