TY - JOUR TI - The Progress of Artemisia annua research--the application of biotechnology and prospects AU - Xie, De-Yu AU - Ye, Hechun AU - Li, Guofeng T2 - Chinese Bulletin of Botany DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 28–31 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Studies on the karyotype of Artemisia annua AU - Xie, De-Yu AU - Kang, Ning-ling AU - Li, Guo-zhen T2 - Chinese Bulletin of Botany DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 12 IS - Supplement SP - 71–72 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Several distinct genes encode nearly identical 16 kDa proteolipids of the vacuolar H+-ATPase from Arabidopsis thaliana AU - Perera, Imara Y. AU - Li, Xuhang AU - Sze, Heven T2 - Plant Molecular Biology DA - 1995/10// PY - 1995/10// DO - 10.1007/bf00043648 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 227-244 J2 - Plant Mol Biol LA - en OP - SN - 0167-4412 1573-5028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00043648 DB - Crossref KW - VACUOLAR-TYPE KW - H+-PUMPING ATPASE KW - 16 KDA SUBUNIT KW - PROTEOLIPID KW - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA KW - MULTIGENE FAMILY ER - TY - JOUR TI - RNA-protein interactions of the bacteriophage RB69 RegA translational repressor protein AU - Jozwik, C.E. AU - Miller, E.S. T2 - Nucleic Acids Symposium Series DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 33 SP - 256-257 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inhibition, Inactivation, and Recovery of Ammonia-Oxidizing Activity in Cometabolism of Trichloroethylene by Nitrosomonas europaea. T2 - Applied and environmental microbiology DA - 1995/4/1/ PY - 1995/4/1/ UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/16534997/?tool=EBI ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of ammonia on the de novo synthesis of polypeptides in cells of Nitrosomonas europaea denied ammonia as an energy source. T2 - Journal of bacteriology AB - The effects of ammonium on the de novo synthesis of polypeptides in the soil-nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea have been investigated. Cells were incubated in the presence of both acetylene and NH4+. Under these conditions, the cells were unable to utilize NH4+ as an energy source. Energy to support protein synthesis was supplied by the oxidation of hydroxylamine or other alternative substrates for hydroxylamine oxidoreductase. De novo protein synthesis was detected by 14C incorporation from 14CO2 into polypeptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. In the presence of NH4+, acetylene-treated cells synthesized the 27-kDa polypeptide of ammonia monoxygenase (AMO) and two other major polypeptides (with sizes of 55 and 65 kDa). The synthesis of these polypeptides was completely inhibited by chloramphenicol and attenuated by rifampin. The optimal concentration of hydroxylamine for the in vivo 14C-labeling reaction was found to be 2 mM. The effect of NH4+ concentration was also examined. It was shown to cause a saturable response with a Ks of approximately 2.0 mM NH4+. Labeling studies conducted at different pH values suggest cells respond to NH3 rather than NH4+. No other compounds tested were able to influence the synthesis of the 27-kDa component of AMO, although we have also demonstrated that this polypeptide can be synthesized under anaerobic conditions in cells utilizing pyruvate- or hydrazine-dependent nitrite reduction as an energy source. We conclude that ammonia has a regulatory effect on the synthesis of a subunit of AMO in addition to providing nitrogen for protein synthesis. DA - 1995/9/1/ PY - 1995/9/1/ DO - 10.1128/jb.177.17.4974-4979.1995 UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/7665474/?tool=EBI ER - TY - JOUR TI - Roles of bovine serum albumin and copper in the assay and stability of ammonia monooxygenase activity in vitro. T2 - Journal of bacteriology AB - We investigated the effects of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on both the assay and the stability of ammonia-oxidizing activity in cell extracts of Nitrosomonas europaea. Ammonia-dependent O2 uptake activity of freshly prepared extracts did not require BSA. However, a dependence on BSA developed in extracts within a short time. The role of BSA in the assay of ammonia-oxidizing activity apparently is to absorb endogenous free fatty acids which are present in the extracts, because (i) only proteins which bind fatty acids, e.g., BSA or beta-lactoglobulin, supported ammonia-oxidizing activity; (ii) exogenous palmitoleic acid completely inhibited ammonia-dependent O2 uptake activity; (iii) the inhibition caused by palmitoleic acid was reversed only by proteins which bind fatty acids; and (iv) the concentration of endogenous free palmitoleic acid increased during aging of cell extracts. Additionally, the presence of BSA (10 mg/ml) or CuCl2 (500 microM) stabilized ammonia-dependent O2 uptake activity for 2 to 3 days at 4 degrees C. The stabilizing effect of BSA or CuCl2 was apparently due to an inhibition of lipolysis, because both additives inhibited the increase in concentrations of free palmitoleic acid in aging extracts. Other additives which are known to modify lipase activity were also found to stabilize ammonia-oxidizing activity. These additives included HgCl2, lecithin, and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. DA - 1995/9/1/ PY - 1995/9/1/ DO - 10.1128/jb.177.17.4908-4913.1995 UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/7665467/?tool=EBI ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nucleotide sequence and expression of kerA, the gene encoding a keratinolytic protease of Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1. AU - Lin, X AU - Kelemen, D W AU - Miller, E S AU - Shih, J C T2 - Applied and environmental microbiology AB - Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1 (ATCC 53757) secretes keratinase, a proteolytic enzyme which is active on whole feathers. By amino acid sequence similarity and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride inhibition, the keratinase was demonstrated to be a serine protease. The entire nucleotide sequence of the coding and flanking regions of the keratinase structure gene, kerA, was determined. A fixed oligonucleotide primer derived from the N-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme and a second random oligonucleotide primer were used in a procedure called PCR walking, which was developed to amplify and sequence the upstream and downstream regions of kerA. Another method, PCR screening, was conducted with a lambda phage vector with inserted PWD-1 genomic DNA fragments as templates and with the known sequences of the vector arms and the N-terminal sequence of the enzyme as primers. PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the lambda library completed the entire kerA sequence and established a set of gene deletions. The kerA gene shares a 97% sequence identity with the gene encoding subtilisin Carlsberg from B. licheniformis NCIMB 6816. The putative promoters, ribosome binding sites, and transcriptional terminators are also similar in these two bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequences indicate only three amino acid differences between the two mature proteases. Northern (RNA) analysis demonstrates that transcriptional regulation controls kerA expression on different growth media. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// DO - 10.1128/aem.61.4.1469-1474.1995 VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 1469-1474 LA - en OP - SN - 0099-2240 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.4.1469-1474.1995 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - A geminivirus induces expression of a host DNA synthesis protein in terminally differentiated plant cells. AU - Nagar, S AU - Pedersen, T J AU - Carrick, K M AU - Hanley-Bowdoin, L AU - Robertson, D T2 - The Plant Cell AB - Geminiviruses are plant DNA viruses that replicate through DNA intermediates in plant nuclei. The viral components required for replication are known, but no host factors have yet been identified. We used immunolocalization to show that the replication proteins of the geminivirus tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) are located in nuclei of terminally differentiated cells that have left the cell cycle. In addition, TGMV infection resulted in a significant accumulation of the host DNA synthesis protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). PCNA, an accessory factor for DNA polymerase delta, was not present at detectable levels in healthy differentiated cells. The TGMV replication protein AL1 was sufficient to induce accumulation of PCNA in terminally differentiated cells of transgenic plants. Analysis of the mechanism(s) whereby AL1 induces the accumulation of host replication machinery in quiescent plant cells will provide a unique opportunity to study plant DNA synthesis. DA - 1995/6// PY - 1995/6// DO - 10.1105/tpc.7.6.705 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 705-719 J2 - Plant Cell LA - en OP - SN - 1040-4651 1532-298X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.7.6.705 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evidence for the involvement of ethylene in the expression of specific RNAs during maturation of the orange, a non-climacteric fruit AU - Alonso, Jose Miguel AU - Chamarro, Jesús AU - Granell, Antonio T2 - Plant molecular biology DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 385-390 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A putative vacuolar processing protease is regulated by ethylene and also during fruit ripening in Citrus fruit AU - Alonso, Jose Miguel AU - Granell, Antonio T2 - Plant Physiology DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 109 IS - 2 SP - 541-547 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A non-photosynthetic ferredoxin gene is induced by ethylene in Citrus organs AU - Alonso, José Miguel AU - Chamarro, Jesús AU - Granell, Antonio T2 - Plant molecular biology DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 29 IS - 6 SP - 1211-1221 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Density and Seed Production of a Florida Endemic, Polygonella basiramia, in Relation to Time since Fire and Open Sand AU - Hawkes, Christine V. AU - Menges, Eric S. T2 - American Midland Naturalist AB - -Density and reproductive output in relation to fire, open sand, and other site factors were determined for Polygonella basiramia. This federally endangered species is endemic to only three ridges in central Florida and found primarily in rosemary (Ceratiola ericoides) dominated sand pine (Pinus clausa) scrub. Twenty-two sites ranging from 5 to >26 yr postfire were sampled. Site factors of openness, time since last fire, dominant species, ground cover, elevation and soil type were examined. Multivariate analyses identified the amount of open sand habitat at a site as the only variable having a significant positive relationship with both plant density and seed production. Seed production actually increased with conspecific density, suggesting that the lack of interspecific competition in open sand gaps helps define P basiramia microhabitat. Open sand habitat is critical in the life history strategy of this obligate-seeding, perennial herb in a community where it must compete with larger, resprouting shrubs and herbs both immediately after fire and during fire-free inter- DA - 1995/1// PY - 1995/1// DO - 10.2307/2426355 VL - 133 IS - 1 SP - 138 ER - TY - CONF TI - A nuclear scaffold attachment region from tobacco greatly increases transgene expression in plant cells AU - Thompson, W.F. AU - Allen, G.C. AU - Hall, G. AU - Michalowski, S. AU - Newman, W. AU - Spiker, S. AU - Weissinger, A. A2 - Phillips, R. A2 - Oono, K. C2 - 1995/// C3 - Proceedings of the US-Japan Symposium on Modification of Gene Expression and Non-Mendelian Inheritance DA - 1995/// SP - 281–295 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Individual Members of the Cab Gene Family Differ Widely in Fluence Response AU - White, M. J. AU - Kaufman, L. S. AU - Horwitz, B. A. AU - Briggs, W. R. AU - Thompson, W. F. T2 - Plant Physiology AB - Chlorophyll a/b-binding protein genes (Cab genes) can be extremely sensitive to light. Transcript accumulation following a red light pulse increases with fluence over 8 orders of magnitude (L.S. Kaufman, W.F. Thompson, W.R. Briggs [1984] Science 226: 1447–1449). We have constructed fluence-response curves for individual Cab genes. At least two Cab genes (Cab-8 and AB96) show a very low fluence response to a single red light pulse. In contrast, two other Cab genes (AB80 and AB66) fail to produce detectable transcript following a single pulse of either red or blue light but are expressed in continuous red light. Thus, very low fluence responses and high irradiance responses occur in the same gene family. DA - 1995/1/1/ PY - 1995/1/1/ DO - 10.1104/pp.107.1.161 VL - 107 IS - 1 SP - 161-165 J2 - Plant Physiol. LA - en OP - SN - 0032-0889 1532-2548 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.1.161 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Light-regulated expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana ferredoxin gene requires sequences upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation site AU - Bovy, Arnaud AU - Van Den Berg, Claudia AU - De Vrieze, Geert AU - Thompson, William F. AU - Weisbeek, Peter AU - Smeekens, Sjef T2 - Plant Molecular Biology DA - 1995/1// PY - 1995/1// DO - 10.1007/bf00019176 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 27-39 J2 - Plant Mol Biol LA - en OP - SN - 0167-4412 1573-5028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00019176 DB - Crossref KW - ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA KW - CHIMERIC GENES KW - FERREDOXIN KW - LIGHT REGULATION KW - NICOTIANA TABACUM ER - TY - JOUR TI - A cometabolic kinetics model incoroporating enzyme inhibition, inactivation, and recovery: II. Trichloroethylene degradaation experiments AU - Ely, R. L. AU - Hyman, M. R. AU - Arp, D. J. AU - Guenther, R. B. AU - Williamson, K. J. T2 - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AB - Abstract A Cometabolism enzyme kinetics model has been presented which takes into account changes in bacterial activity associated with enzyme inhibitiion, inactivation, inactivation of enzyme resulting from product toxicty, and respondent synthesis of new enzyme. Although this process is inherently unsteady‐state, the model assumes that cometabolic degradation of a compound exhibiting product toxicity can be modeled as pseudo‐steady‐staate under certain conditions. In its simplified from, the model also assumes that enzyme inactivation is directly propoertional to nongrawth substrate oxidation, and that recovery is directly proportionla to growth substrate oxidation. In part 1, model drivation, simplification, and analyses were described. In this articles, model assuptiions are tested by analyzing data from experiments exmining trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation by the ammoniaoxidizing baceterium Nitrosomonas europaea in a quasisteady‐state bioreactor. Model solution results showed steady‐state bioreactor. Model solution results showed TCE to be a competitive inhibitoer of ammonia oxidation, with TCE affinity for ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) being about four times greater than that of ammonia for the enzyme. Inhibition was independent fo TCE oxidation and occurred essentially instantly upon exposure to TCE. In contrast, inactivation of AMO occurred more gradually and was proportional to the rate and amount of TCE oxidized. Evaluation of other O 2 ‐dependent enzymes and electron transport proteins suggested that TCE‐related damage was predominantly confined to AMO. In response to inhibition and/or inactivation, bacterial recovery was initiated, even in the presence of TCE, implying that membranes adn protein synthesis systems were functioning. Analysis of data and comparison of model results showed the inhibition/inactivation/recovery concept to provide a reasonable basis for understandign the effects fo TCE on AMO function and bacterial response. The model assumptions were verified except tht questions remain regarding the factores controlling recovery and its role in the long term. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. DA - 1995/5/5/ PY - 1995/5/5/ DO - 10.1002/bit.260460306 VL - 46 IS - 3 SP - 232-245 J2 - Biotechnol. Bioeng. LA - eng SN - 0006-3592 ST - A cometabolic kinetics model incoroporating enzyme inhibition, inactivation, and recovery UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260460306 DB - PubMed ER - TY - JOUR TI - A cometabilic kinetics model incorporating enzyme inhbition, inactivation, and recovery: I. Model development, analysis, and testing AU - Ely, R. L. AU - Williamson, K. J. AU - Guenther, R. B. AU - Hyman, M. R. AU - Arp, D. J. T2 - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AB - Abstract Cometabolic biodegradation prcesses are important for bioremediation of hazardous waste sites. However, these proceeses are not well understood and have not been modeled thoroughly. Traditional Michaelis–Menten kinetics models often are used, but toxic effects and bacterial responses to toxicity may cause changes in enzyme levels, rendering such models inappropriate. In this article, a conceptual and mathematical model of cometabolic enzyme kinetics i described. Model derivation is based on enzyme/growth‐substrate/nongrowth‐substrate interaction and incorporates enzyme inhibition (caused by the presence of a cometabolic compound), inactivation (resulting from toxicity of a cometabolic product), and recovery (associated with bacterial synthesis of new enbzyme in response to inactivation). The mathematical model consists of a system of two, nonlinear ordinary differential equations that can be solved implicitly using numerical methods, providing estimates of model parameters. Model analysis shows that growth substraate adn nongrowth substrate oxidation rates are related by a dimensionless constant. Reliability of tehy model solution prcedure is verifiedl by abnalyzing data ses, containing random error, from simulated experimentss with trichhloroethyylene (TCE) degradation by ammonia‐oxidizing bacterialunder various conditions. Estimation of the recovery rate contant is deterimined to be sensitive to intial TCE concentration. Model assumptions are evaluated in a companion article using data from TCE degradation experiments with amoniaoxidizing bacteria. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. DA - 1995/5/5/ PY - 1995/5/5/ DO - 10.1002/bit.260460305 VL - 46 IS - 3 SP - 218-231 J2 - Biotechnol. Bioeng. LA - eng SN - 0006-3592 ST - A cometabilic kinetics model incorporating enzyme inhbition, inactivation, and recovery UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260460305 DB - PubMed KW - KINETICS MODEL KW - TRICHLOROETHYLENE KW - AMMONIA OXIDATION KW - COMETABOLISM ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inhibition, Inactivation, and Recovery of Ammonia-Oxidizing Activity in Cometabolism of Trichloroethylene by Nitrosomonas europaea AU - Hyman, M. R. AU - Russell, S. A. AU - Ely, R. L. AU - Williamson, K. J. AU - Arp, D. J. T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology C2 - PMC1388415 DA - 1995/4// PY - 1995/4// VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 1480-1487 J2 - Appl. Environ. Microbiol. LA - eng SN - 0099-2240 DB - PubMed ER - TY - JOUR TI - Roles of bovine serum albumin and copper in the assay and stability of ammonia monooxygenase activity in vitro AU - Juliette, L. Y. AU - Hyman, M. R. AU - Arp, D. J. T2 - Journal of Bacteriology C2 - PMC177264 DA - 1995/9// PY - 1995/9// VL - 177 IS - 17 SP - 4908-4913 J2 - J. Bacteriol. LA - eng SN - 0021-9193 DB - PubMed ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of ammonia on the de novo synthesis of polypeptides in cells of Nitrosomonas europaea denied ammonia as an energy source AU - Hyman, M. R. AU - Arp, D. J. T2 - Journal of Bacteriology C2 - PMC177273 DA - 1995/9// PY - 1995/9// VL - 177 IS - 17 SP - 4974-4979 J2 - J Bacteriol LA - eng SN - 0021-9193 DB - PubMed ER - TY - JOUR TI - Applying genetic engineering to the structural analysis of proteins. AU - Hamilton, P.T. T2 - Pharmaceutical biotechnology DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 7 SP - 329-350 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029449448&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Relationships and Evolution of Hydrangeaceae Based on rbcL Sequence Data AU - Soltis, Douglas E. AU - Xiang, Qiu-Yun AU - Hufford, Larry T2 - American Journal of Botany AB - Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL sequences were used to address both systematic and evolutionary questions posed by the angiosperm family Hydrangeaceae. Our analyses suggest the presence of a monophyletic Hydrangeaceae most closely allied with Loasaceae, a finding in agreement with other molecular as well as morphological analyses. Molecular data indicate that Hydrangeaceae comprise Decumaria, Pileostegia, Schizophragma, Hydrangea, Dichroa, Broussaisia, Platycrater, Cardiandra, Deinanthe, Carpenteria, Philadelphus, Deutzia, Fendlerella, Whipplea, Fendlera, Jamesia, and the enigmatic Kirengeshoma. A particularly close relationship of Kirengeshoma and Deutzia is indicated. Analysis of rbcL sequences suggests that Fendlera and Jamesia are sister to the remainder of the family, lending support to the hypothesis that at least some Carpenterieae are basal in the family and that Hydrangeaceae may have originated in xeric habitats. If this phylogenetic placement of Jamesia and Fendlera is correct, the rbcL trees also suggest that the level of epigyny has decreased in these genera, as well as in the Fendlerella- Whipplea clade and Carpenteria when compared to the outgroup taxa, which are wholly epigynous. Furthermore, the rbcL trees support proposed evolutionary trends in wood anatomy, suggesting, for example, that upland tropical taxa have evolved longer vessel elements with more numerous bars on scalariform perforation plates. The xerophytic basal members of Hydrangeaceae, like the closely related Loasaceae, have short, narrow vessel elements with scalariform perforation plates bearing few bars. Following Jamesia and Fendlera, the remaining hydrangeoids are divided into two large subclades that closely parallel the traditional division of the family into Philadelpheae and Hydrangeae. Both rbcL sequences and morphological data suggest close relationships between: 1) Fendlerella and Whipplea; 2) Decumaria, Pileostegia, and Schizophragma; 3) Carpenteria and Philadelphus; 4) Deinanthe and Cardiandra; 5) Dichroa, Broussaisia, and Hydrangea macrophylla. Molecular and morphological data also concur in demonstrating that the large genus Hydrangea is not a monophyletic assemblage. DA - 1995/4// PY - 1995/4// DO - 10.2307/2445698 VL - 82 IS - 4 SP - 504 SN - 00029122 UR - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1995.tb15671.x DB - Crossref Y2 - 2019/1/29/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chromosome number of Cornus sessilis (Cornaceae): phylogenetic affinity and evolution of chromosome numbers in Cornus AU - Xiang, Q.Y. AU - Edye, R.H. T2 - Sida DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 16 SP - 765–768 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Applying Genetic Engineering to the Structural Analysis of Proteins AU - Hamilton, Paul T. T2 - Physical Methods to Characterize Pharmaceutical Proteins AB - Developments in biochemistry and recombinant DNA technology make it pos-sible to genetically clone, isolate, characterize, and modify any protein of interest. Current techniques in protein purification permit N-terminal sequence analysis of picomolar quantities of proteins. From this amino acid sequence information, DNA probes can be designed and used to clone the gene sequence encoding that protein. The gene can be expressed at high levels in the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli using specialized plasmid vectors. The overexpressed protein can often be purified in sufficient quantities to allow biophysical characterization. Mutagenesis can be used to analyze the structure-function relationships of the protein and to generate new and novel proteins for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// DO - 10.1007/978-1-4899-1079-0_9 SP - 329-350 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fungal resistance to photosensitizers that generate singlet oxygen AU - Daub, M. E. AU - Jenns, A. E. AU - Ehrenshaft, M. T2 - Light activated pest control DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// SP - 201 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The value of model plant-microbe-soil systems for understanding processes associated with allelopathic interaction. One example AU - Blum, Udo T2 - Allelopathy : organisms, processes, and applications AB - This review summarizes what happens to simple phenolic acids once they enter the soil environment and how plants and soil microbes growing in these soils respond to phenolic acids. This is a review of one plant-microbe-soil model system and what it tells us about the set of processes (e.g., source-sink relationships) that ultimately determine the available concentrations of phenolic acids in soils and thus how such processes may determine the magnitude of allelopathic interactions in natural and managed ecosystems. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// DO - 10.1021/bk-1995-0582.ch009 SP - 127 ER -