Center for Applied Aquatic Ecology

Recent Works

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Sorted by most recent date added to the index first, which may not be the same as publication date order.

2025 journal article

Vertebrates in trade that pose high invasion risk to the United States

BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 302.

By: W. Daniel, H. Sofaer, C. Jarnevich, R. Erickson, B. Degregorio, P. Engelstad, J. Freedman, S. Canavan ...

topics (OpenAlex): Wildlife Ecology and Conservation; Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies; Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 27, 2025

2023 journal article

Watershed Development and Eutrophying Potable Source-Water Reservoirs in a Warming Temperate/Subtropical Region

WATER, 15(22).

By: J. Burkholder n, C. Kinder n  & E. Allen n 

author keywords: chlorophyll; climate warming; cultural eutrophication; hypoxia; livestock; production; nutrients; drinking water; reservoirs; urbanization; watershed
topics (OpenAlex): Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: January 2, 2024

2022 article

Classic indicators and diel dissolved oxygen versus trend analysis in assessing eutrophication of potable-water reservoirs

Burkholder, J. A. M., Kinder, C. A., Dickey, D. A., Reed, R. E., Arellano, C., James, J. L., … Thomas, Z. T. (2022, March 29). ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, Vol. 3.

By: J. Burkholder n, C. Kinder n , D. Dickey n, R. Reed n , C. Arellano n, J. James n, L. Mackenzie n, E. Allen n  ...

author keywords: anoxia; hypoxia; chlorophyll; cultural eutrophication; diel dissolved oxygen; falls lake; nitrogen; phosphorus; reservoirs; total organic carbon; trend analysis
MeSH headings : China; Chlorophyll / analysis; Chlorophyll A / analysis; Drinking Water / analysis; Environmental Monitoring; Eutrophication; Lakes / analysis; Nitrogen / analysis; Oxygen; Phosphorus / analysis; Phytoplankton
topics (OpenAlex): Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis; Water Quality and Pollution Assessment; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: April 18, 2022

2021 journal article

Diversity of bioactive compound content across 71 genera of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial cyanobacteria

HARMFUL ALGAE, 109.

By: I. Huang *, N. Pietrasiak *, C. Gobler *, J. Johansen *, J. Burkholder n, S. D'Antonio*, P. Zimba *

author keywords: Cyanotoxin; Microcystins; Harmful algal isolates; Systematic survey; UPLC-TOF-MS; Bioactive metabolites
MeSH headings : Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyanobacteria / metabolism; Ecosystem; Fresh Water / microbiology
topics (OpenAlex): Algal biology and biofuel production; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
TL;DR: This survey of 55 bioactive classes in cyanob bacteria isolated from freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats provides as one of the first systematic bioactive metabolite profiles for cyanobacteria, which should be useful in environmental and drinking water management. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: November 8, 2021

2019 journal article

Possible Wintertime Sources of Fine Particles in an Urban Environment

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124(23), 13055–13070.

By: N. Meskhidze n , J. Jaimes‐Correa  n, M. Petters  n, T. Royalty  n, B. Phillips  n, A. Zimmerman n, R. Reed n 

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 5, 2020

2019 journal article

Odorella benthonica gen. & sp. nov. (Pleurocapsales, Cyanobacteria): an odor and prolific toxin producer isolated from a California aqueduct

Odorella benthonica gen. & sp. nov. (Pleurocapsales, Cyanobacteria): an odor and prolific toxin producer isolated from a California aqueduct. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, 55(3), 509–520.

By: S. Shalygin *, I. Huang *, E. Allen n , J. Burkholder n & P. Zimba *

author keywords: 16S rRNA gene phylogeny; cryptic genus; microcystins; Odorella; off-flavor; Pleurocapsales; secondary metabolites; toxins
MeSH headings : California; Cyanobacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Odorants; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
topics (OpenAlex): Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Marine Toxins and Detection Methods; Marine and coastal ecosystems
TL;DR: The new genus Odorella is described, the first known pleurocapsalean cryptic taxon, which produces off‐flavor and a large number of bioactive metabolites some of which can be toxic including four known microcystins. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 12, 2019

2019 journal article

Sampling bias misrepresents the biogeographical significance of constitutive mixotrophs across global oceans

GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY, 28(4), 418–428.

By: S. Leles *, A. Mitra *, K. Flynn *, U. Tillmann *, D. Stoecker *, H. Jeong *, J. Burkholder n, P. Hansen * ...

co-author countries: Australia 🇦🇺 Germany 🇩🇪 Denmark 🇩🇰 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧 Korea (Republic of) 🇰🇷
author keywords: allometry; biogeography; global; Longhurst; mixotrophy; oceans; phytoplankton; taxonomy
topics (OpenAlex): Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology; Marine and coastal ecosystems; Marine Biology and Ecology Research
TL;DR: Constitutive mixotrophs are dominant members of organisms traditionally termed "phytoplankton" protists, however, lack of routine protocols for measuring phagotrophy has led to widespread misrepresentation of the fundamental nature of marine planktonic primary producers. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: March 25, 2019

2018 book

Harmful Algal Blooms: a compendium desk reference

JoAnn Burkholder

Ed(s): S. Shumway, J. Burkholder & S. Morton

topics (OpenAlex): Marine Toxins and Detection Methods; Algal biology and biofuel production
TL;DR: While HABs are as diverse as the water bodies they impact, this chapter focuses on some specific examples of known HAB taxa that affect inland waters in North America and highlight some of the important strategies used by these species to enable their excessive growth. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Crossref
Added: February 5, 2022

2019 article

An Environmental Assessment of the North and South Carolina Coasts

WORLD SEAS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION, VOL I: EUROPE, THE AMERICAS AND WEST AFRICA, 2ND EDITION, pp. 405–426.

By: M. Mallin *, J. Burkholder n, L. Cahoon *, A. Grogan *, D. Sanger* & E. Smith*

topics (OpenAlex): Marine and coastal ecosystems; Coastal and Marine Management
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: July 13, 2020

2018 journal article

Imbalanced nutrient regimes increase Prymnesium parvum resilience to herbicide exposure

Harmful Algae, 75, 57–74.

By: S. Flood  n & J. Burkholder n

author keywords: Atrazine; Brackish; Hemolytic activity; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Prymnesium parvum
MeSH headings : Eutrophication / drug effects; Haptophyta / drug effects; Haptophyta / growth & development; Herbicide Resistance / physiology; Herbicides / metabolism; Nitrogen / metabolism; Nutrients / metabolism; Phosphorus / metabolism; Water Pollutants, Chemical / metabolism
topics (OpenAlex): Marine and coastal ecosystems; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
TL;DR: Findings suggest that increasing chemical contamination is helping to promote ecosystem-disruptive, strongly mixotrophic algal blooms. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Source: Crossref
Added: February 24, 2020

2018 journal article

Hygroscopicity‐ and Size‐Resolved Measurements of Submicron Aerosol on the East Coast of the United States

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123(3), 1826–1839.

By: B. Phillips  n, T. Royalty  n, K. Dawson  n, R. Reed n , M. Petters n & N. Meskhidze n 

author keywords: aerosol hygroscopicity; submicron aerosol; coastal boundary layer; hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer
topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Atmospheric aerosols and clouds; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 5, 2020

2018 article

Mixotrophy in Harmful Algal Blooms: By Whom, on Whom, When, Why, and What Next

GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY OF HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS, Vol. 232, pp. 113–132.

By: K. Flynn *, A. Mitra *, P. Glibert * & J. Burkholder n

co-author countries: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧
topics (OpenAlex): Marine and coastal ecosystems; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
TL;DR: Accurate parameterization, including consideration of mixotrophy in water quality or fisheries models that are used as aids to regional and/or international policy development, should be a high priority. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: December 10, 2018

2018 journal article

Assessment of atrazine toxicity to the estuarine phytoplankter, Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyta), under varying nutrient conditions

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, 25(12), 11409–11423.

By: S. Flood  n, J. Burkholder n & G. Cope  n

author keywords: Atrazine; Ecotoxicity; Dunaliella; Estuarine; Modified algal bioassay; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Phytoplankton
MeSH headings : Atrazine / toxicity; Chlorophyceae / drug effects; Chlorophyta / drug effects; Herbicides / toxicity; Phytoplankton / drug effects; Phytoplankton / growth & development; Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity
topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology; Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts; Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
TL;DR: Atrazine sensitivity in nutrient-replete media was higher than expected, but sensitivity was influenced by exposure duration, and inhibitory effects of herbicide on algal growth decreased under imbalanced nutrient regimes and low nitrogen and phosphorus supplies. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 journal article

Chattonella subsalsa (Raphidophyceae) growth and hemolytic activity in response to agriculturally-derived estuarine contaminants

HARMFUL ALGAE, 76, 66–79.

By: S. Flood  n & J. Burkholder n

author keywords: Atrazine; Chattonella subsalsa; Estuaries; Hemolytic activity; Multiple stressors; Nitrogen; Phosphorus
MeSH headings : Animals; Atrazine / analysis; Estuaries; Fishes / blood; Harmful Algal Bloom / physiology; Hemolysis; Nitrogen / analysis; Nutrients / analysis; Phosphorus / analysis; Phytoplankton / growth & development; Phytoplankton / physiology; Stramenopiles / growth & development; Stramenopiles / physiology; Time Factors; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Marine Toxins and Detection Methods; Marine and coastal ecosystems; Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
TL;DR: A robust testing protocol was developed to enable an ecotoxicological assessment of responses to commonly co-occurring estuarine contaminants by harmful algal bloom species, suggesting that, depending on the growth phase and nutrients, atrazine can help promote toxic C. subsalsa blooms. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 journal article

Continuous flow hygroscopicity-resolved relaxed eddy accumulation (Hy-Res REA) method of measuring size-resolved sodium chloride particle fluxes

AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 52(4), 433–450.

By: N. Meskhidze n , T. Royalty  n, B. Phillips  n, K. Dawson  n, M. Petters n, R. Reed n , J. Weinstein*, D. Hook *, R. Wiener*

topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 journal article

Hygroscopicity- and size-resolved measurements of submicron aerosol on the east coast of the United States

Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 123(3), 1826–1839.

By: B. Phillips, T. Royalty, K. Dawson, R. Reed , M. Petters & N. Meskhidze 

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Aerosol Properties Observed in the Subtropical North Pacific Boundary Layer

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 122(18), 9990–10012.

By: T. Royalty  n, B. Phillips  n, K. Dawson n, R. Reed n , N. Meskhidze n  & M. Petters n

topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Atmospheric aerosols and clouds; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 book review

Marine Benthic Dinoflagellates—Unveiling Their Worldwide Biodiversity. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe, Volume 54. By Mona Hoppenrath, Shauna A. Murray, Nicolas Chomérat, and Takeo Horiguchi. Stuttgart (Germany): E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. 19.90€ (paper). 276 p.; ill.; taxonomic index. ISBN: 978-3-510-61402-8. 2014.

[Review of Marine Benthic Dinoflagellates—Unveiling Their Worldwide Biodiversity, by M. Hoppenrath, S. A. Murray, N. Chomerat, & T. Horiguchi]. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 91(4), 518–518.

By: J. Burkholder n

topics (OpenAlex): Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology; Marine and coastal ecosystems; Protist diversity and phylogeny
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Source: Crossref
Added: January 28, 2021

2016 journal article

Defining Planktonic Protist Functional Groups on Mechanisms for Energy and Nutrient Acquisition: Incorporation of Diverse Mixotrophic Strategies

Protist, 167(2), 106–120.

By: A. Mitra, K. Flynn, U. Tillmann, J. Raven, D. Caron, D. Stoecker, F. Not, P. Hansen ...

co-author countries: Germany 🇩🇪 Denmark 🇩🇰 Spain 🇪🇸 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧 Greece 🇬🇷 Korea (Republic of) 🇰🇷 Norway 🇳🇴 Sweden 🇸🇪
author keywords: Plankton functional types (PFTs); phagotroph; phototroph; mixotroph; phytoplankton; microzooplankton
MeSH headings : Animals; Energy Metabolism / physiology; Eukaryota / classification; Eukaryota / metabolism; Eukaryota / physiology; Food Chain; Phototrophic Processes; Phylogeny; Phytoplankton / classification; Phytoplankton / metabolism; Phytoplankton / physiology; Zooplankton / classification; Zooplankton / metabolism; Zooplankton / physiology
topics (OpenAlex): Protist diversity and phylogeny; Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology; Marine and coastal ecosystems
TL;DR: This work proposes a new functional grouping of planktonic protists in an eco-physiological context and incorporates these functional groups within a foodweb structure and shows that there is scope for significant changes in trophic dynamics depending on the protist functional type description. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Source: Crossref
Added: February 24, 2020

2016 journal article

Defining planktonic protist functional groups on mechanisms for energy and nutrient acquisition: Incorporation of diverse mixotrophic strategies

Protist, 167(2), 106–120.

By: A. Mitra, K. Flynn, U. Tillmann, J. Raven, D. Caron, D. Stoecker, F. Not, P. Hansen ...

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Environmental stressors and lipid production by Dunaliella spp. I. Salinity

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 487, 18–32.

By: S. Byrd n, J. Burkholder* & P. Zimba *

author keywords: Dunaliella; Glycerol; GPDH; Lipids; Salinity; Total fatty acids
topics (OpenAlex): Algal biology and biofuel production; Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies; Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
TL;DR: Overall, a simple high salinity adjustment significantly increased lipid production in selected strains of Dunaliella spp. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Environmental stressors and lipid production in Dunaliella spp. II. Nutrients, pH, and light under optimal or low salinity

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 487, 33–44.

By: S. Byrd n & J. Burkholder n

author keywords: Dunaliella; CO2; Continuous light; Lipids; Nitrogen; pH; Phosphorus; Photoperiod
topics (OpenAlex): Algal biology and biofuel production; Marine and coastal ecosystems; Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
TL;DR: High intraspecific and interspecific variation in growth and lipid production were found in Dunaliella in response to each environmental stressor, suggesting fundamental metabolic differences. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 review

The dual role of nitrogen supply in controlling the growth and toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms

[Review of ]. HARMFUL ALGAE, 54, 87–97.

By: C. Gobler *, J. Burkholder n, T. Davis*, M. Harke *, T. Johengen*, C. Stow *, D. Waal *

co-author countries: Netherlands 🇳🇱
author keywords: Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Cyanobacteria; Microcystis; Diazotrophy; Nutrients
MeSH headings : Cyanobacteria / metabolism; Cyanobacteria / physiology; Fresh Water / chemistry; Fresh Water / microbiology; Microcystins / metabolism; Microcystins / toxicity; Nitrogen / metabolism; Phosphorus / metabolism
topics (OpenAlex): Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics; Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology; Algal biology and biofuel production
TL;DR: Multi-year observations from western Lake Erie are presented demonstrating that microcystin concentrations peak in parallel with inorganic N, but not orthophosphate, concentrations and are significantly lower during years of reduced inorganic nitrogen loading and concentrations, which supports the premise that management actions to reduce P in the absence of concurrent restrictions on N loading may not effectively control the growth and/or toxicity of non-diazotrophic toxic cyanobacteria. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Pluses and minuses of ammonium and nitrate uptake and assimilation by phytoplankton and implications for productivity and community composition, with emphasis on nitrogen-enriched conditions

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 61(1), 165–197.

By: P. Glibert, F. Wilkerson, R. Dugdale, J. Raven, C. Dupont, P. Leavitt, A. Parker, J. Burkholder, T. Kana

co-author countries: Australia 🇦🇺 Canada 🇨🇦 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 🇬🇧
topics (OpenAlex): Marine and coastal ecosystems; Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal; Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
TL;DR: Relationships between NH4+ and NO3− metabolism have important implications for harmful algal blooms, development of nutrient criteria for management, and modeling of nutrient uptake by phytoplankton, particularly in conditions where eutrophication is increasing and the redox state of N loads is changing. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Quantifying environmental stress-induced emissions of algal isoprene and monoterpenes using laboratory measurements

BIOGEOSCIENCES, 12(3), 637–651.

By: N. Meskhidze n , A. Sabolis n, R. Reed n  & D. Kamykowski n

topics (OpenAlex): Marine and coastal ecosystems; Algal biology and biofuel production; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
TL;DR: The data suggest that enhanced amounts of isoprene and monoterpenes are emitted from phytoplankton as a result of perturbations in environmental conditions that cause imbalance in chloroplasts and force primary producers to acclimate physiologically. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

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