TY - RPRT TI - Experimental demonstration of controlled photodegradation of relevant plastic compositions under marine environmental conditions AU - Andrady, A.L. A3 - Dept. Commerce, Research Triangle Institute DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// M1 - RTI/3745/00-01F M3 - Final Report PB - Dept. Commerce, Research Triangle Institute SN - RTI/3745/00-01F ER - TY - JOUR TI - Significance of cell fluorescence color of acridine orange-stained Thiobacillus ferrooxidans under epifluoresence microscopy AU - Yeh, T.Y. AU - Kelly, R.M. AU - Cox, J. AU - Olson, G.J. T2 - Science and Technology Letters DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Biological Sulfur Oxidation and Reduction for Coal Sulfur Speciation and Desulfurization AU - Kelly, R.M. AU - Schicho, R.N. AU - Brown, S.H. AU - Soisson, J.P. AU - Blumentals, I.I. AU - Olson, G.J. AU - Parks, E.J. T2 - 13th Annual EPRI Conference on Fuel Science and Conversion C2 - 1988/// C3 - Proceedings of the 13th Annual EPRI Conference on Fuel Science and Conversion CY - Santa Clara, CA DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/5// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plastics That Degrade Faster AU - Andrady, Anthony L. T2 - ASTM Standardization News DA - 1988/10// PY - 1988/10// VL - 46 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of hydrogen and carbon dioxide partial pressures on growth and sulfide production of the extremely thermophilic archaebacterium Pyrodictium brockii AU - Parameswaran, A. K. AU - Schicho, R. N. AU - Soisson, J. P. AU - Kelly, R. M. T2 - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AB - Abstract The effect of hydrogen and carbon dioxide partial pressure on the growth of the extremely thermophilic archaebacterium Pyrodictium brockii at 98°C was investigated. Previous work with this bacterium has been done using an 80:20 hydrogen‐carbon dioxide gas phase with a total pressure of 4 atm; no attempt has been made to determine if this mixture is optimal. It was found in this study that reduced hydrogen partial pressures affected cell yield, growth rate, and sulfide production. The effect of hydrogen partial pressure on cell yield and growth rate was less dramatic when compared to the effect on sulfide production, which was not found to be growth‐associated. Carbon dioxide was also found to affect growth but only at very low partial pressures. The relationship between growth rate and substrate concentration could be correlated with a Monod‐type expression for either carbon dioxide or hydrogen as the limiting substrate. The results from this study indicate that a balance must be struck between cell yields and sulfide production in choosing an optimal hydrogen partial pressure for the growth of P. brockii . DA - 1988/8/5/ PY - 1988/8/5/ DO - 10.1002/bit.260320405 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 438–443 SN - 0006-3592 1097-0290 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320405 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of hydrodynamics on physical and chemical gas absorption in packed columns AU - Lindner, John R. AU - Schubert, Craig N. AU - Kelly, Robert M. T2 - Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research AB - ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of hydrodynamics on physical and chemical gas absorption in packed columnsJohn R. Lindner, Craig N. Schubert, and Robert M. KellyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 4, 636–642Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00076a018Request reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (886 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts DA - 1988/4// PY - 1988/4// DO - 10.1021/ie00076a018 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 636-642 J2 - Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. LA - en OP - SN - 0888-5885 1520-5045 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00076a018 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of hyperbaric oxygen and carbon dioxide on heterotrophic growth of the extreme thermophileSulfolobus acidocaldarius AU - Su, Wei-Wen AU - Kelly, Robert M. T2 - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AB - Biotechnology and BioengineeringVolume 31, Issue 7 p. 750-754 Communications to the EditorFree Access Effect of hyperbaric oxygen and carbon dioxide on heterotrophic growth of the extreme thermophile Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Wei-Wen Su, Wei-Wen Su Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Search for more papers by this authorRobert M. Kelly, Corresponding Author Robert M. Kelly Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Search for more papers by this author Wei-Wen Su, Wei-Wen Su Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Search for more papers by this authorRobert M. Kelly, Corresponding Author Robert M. Kelly Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Department of Chemical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218Search for more papers by this author First published: May 1988 https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310720Citations: 4AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 F. Kargi and J. M. Robinson, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 27, 41 (1985). 2 G. J. Olson and R. M. Kelly, Biotechnol. Prog., 2, 1 (1986). 3 B. Sonnleitner, in Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, Volume 28, A. Fiechter, Ed. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983). 4 F. J. Sturm, A. K. Parameswaran, C. N. Provan, and R. M. Kelly, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 506, 51 (1987). 5 M. S. Davidson, Ph.D. thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 1982. 6 F. J. Sturm, S. A. Hurwitz, J. W. Deming, and R. M. Kelly, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 29, 1066 (1987). 7 J. E. Hobbie, R. J. Daley, and S. Jasper, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 33, 1225 (1977). 8 C. M. Cooper, G. A. Fernstrom, and S. A. Miller, Ind. Eng. Chem., 36, 504 (1944). 9 R. K. Finn, in Biological Engineering Science, Volume 1, N. Blake brough, Ed. (Academic, New York, 1967). 10 J. A. Brierley, C. L. Brierley, and A. E. Torma, final report to the New Mexico Energy Research and Development Institute, EMD 2-68-3319, March, 1982. 11 T. D. Brock, Thermophilic Microorganisms and Life at High Temperatures (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1978). 12 A. Schumpe, G. Quicker, and W.-D. Deckwer, in Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, Volume 24, A. Fiechter, Ed. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1982). 13 C. E. Zobeil and L. L. Hittle, Can. J. Microbiol., 13, 1311 (1967). Citing Literature Volume31, Issue7May 1988Pages 750-754 ReferencesRelatedInformation DA - 1988/5// PY - 1988/5// DO - 10.1002/bit.260310720 VL - 31 IS - 7 SP - 750-754 J2 - Biotechnol. Bioeng. LA - en OP - SN - 0006-3592 1097-0290 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310720 DB - Crossref ER - TY - CONF TI - Characterization of the H2-Uptake Hydrogenase Activity from the Extreme Thermophile Pyrodictium brockii AU - Pihl, T.D. AU - Schicho, R.N. AU - Kelly, R.M. AU - Maier, R.J. T2 - First International IGT Symposium on Gas, Oil, and Coal Biotechnology, C2 - 1988/// CY - New Orleans, Louisiana DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/12/5/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Engineering considerations for growth of bacteria at temperatures around 100°C AU - Parameswaran, A. K. AU - Su, Wei-wen AU - Schicho, R. N. AU - Provan, C. N. AU - Malik, B. AU - Kelly, R. M. T2 - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology DA - 1988/8// PY - 1988/8// DO - 10.1007/bf02930817 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 53-73 J2 - Appl Biochem Biotechnol LA - en OP - SN - 0273-2289 1559-0291 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02930817 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Destruction of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Wastes by the Modar Supercritical Water Oxidation Process AU - Johnston, James B. AU - Hannah, Robert E. AU - Cunningham, Virginia L. AU - Daggy, Bruce P. AU - Sturm, Frank J. AU - Kelly, Robert M. T2 - Nature Biotechnology DA - 1988/12// PY - 1988/12// DO - 10.1038/nbt1288-1423 VL - 6 IS - 12 SP - 1423-1427 J2 - Nat Biotechnol LA - en OP - SN - 1087-0156 1546-1696 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1288-1423 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Extremely Thermophilic Archaebacteria: Biological and Engineering Considerations AU - Kelly, Robert M. AU - Deming, Jody W. T2 - Biotechnology Progress AB - Abstract Interdisciplinary interactions between molecular biologists, microbial ecologists, and biochemical engineers portend well for the biotechnological exploitation of novel extremely thermophilic methanogens and sulfur‐metabolizing archaebacteria. DA - 1988/6// PY - 1988/6// DO - 10.1002/btpr.5420040202 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 47-62 J2 - Biotechnol Progress LA - en OP - SN - 8756-7938 1520-6033 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.5420040202 DB - Crossref ER - TY - CONF TI - Capillary Condensation of Pure Fluids and Binary Mixtures in Narrow Pores AU - Van Swol, F. AU - Gubbins, K.E. T2 - International Symposium on Thermodynamics in Chemical Engineering and Industry C2 - 1988/// C3 - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Thermodynamics in Chemical Engineering and Industry CY - Beijing, China DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/6// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tests of Published Mechanisms by Comparison with Measured Laminar Flame Structure in Fuel-Lean Acetylene Combustion AU - Garo, A. AU - Westmoreland, P.R. AU - Howard, J.B. AU - Longwell, J.P. T2 - Combustion and Flame DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// VL - 72 SP - 271-286 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fluid mixtures in narrow cylindrical pores: Computer simulation and theory AU - Heffelfinger, G. S. AU - Tan, Z. AU - Gubbins, K. E. AU - Marini Bettolo Marconi, U. AU - van Swol, F. T2 - International Journal of Thermophysics DA - 1988/11// PY - 1988/11// DO - 10.1007/bf01133272 VL - 9 IS - 6 SP - 1051-1060 J2 - Int J Thermophys LA - en OP - SN - 0195-928X 1572-9567 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01133272 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Phase equilibria of associating fluids of spherical and chain molecules AU - Jackson, G. AU - Chapman, W. G. AU - Gubbins, K. E. T2 - International Journal of Thermophysics DA - 1988/9// PY - 1988/9// DO - 10.1007/bf00503243 VL - 9 IS - 5 SP - 769-779 J2 - Int J Thermophys LA - en OP - SN - 0195-928X 1572-9567 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00503243 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adsorption hysteresis in narrow pores AU - Heffelfinger, Grant S. AU - van Swol, Frank AU - Gubbins, Keith E. T2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics AB - We present molecular dynamics computer simulation results for adsorption hysteresis in a cylindrical pore. The adsorption is examined by inducing pore filling and emptying by changing the pore length at constant number of particles. By calculating the full density profile of the fluid in the pore, one can observe both processes. Hysteresis, overshooting the thermodynamic transition, is observed for both pore filling and emptying. That is, we observe metastable one-phase states on either side of the transition. The end of the gas branch (pore filling) is signaled by the growth of an unduloid, resulting in the formation of a biconcave lens of liquid, while the end of the liquid branch (pore emptying) occurs by the formation of a bubble. However, the latter appears to be an artifact of the lack of pore ends in the model. In the presence of pore ends, the bubble formation is expected to be preempted by the receding of the meniscus. DA - 1988/10/15/ PY - 1988/10/15/ DO - 10.1063/1.455610 VL - 89 IS - 8 SP - 5202-5205 J2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0021-9606 1089-7690 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455610 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Phase equilibria of associating fluids AU - Chapman, Walter G. AU - Jackson, George AU - Gubbins, Keith E. T2 - Molecular Physics AB - As a continuation of our work on spherical associating molecules, we have derived expressions for changes in the thermodynamic properties due to association in mixtures of molecules with multiple bonding sites. The equations are written in terms of a hard-core reference whose pair distribution function is known. In practise, the hard-sphere reference mixture is the easiest to use. A reference system of homonuclear chains is examined in order to account for asymmetries in molecular shape; chains are constructed by bonding equal-sized spheres together. An equation of state for hard-sphere chains is obtained which is in good agreement with recent simulation data. Expressions for mixtures of homonuclear chains of different sizes are also presented. The approach is extended to examine associating chain molecules with multiple bonding sites. The phase equilibria of non-associating chains, and of associating chains with one or two bonding sites are determined. In this study, the separate effects of molecular association and chain size on the coexistence properties are investigated. DA - 1988/12/10/ PY - 1988/12/10/ DO - 10.1080/00268978800101601 VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 1057-1079 J2 - Molecular Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0026-8976 1362-3028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268978800101601 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Henry constants in non-ideal fluid mixtures AU - Shing, K.S. AU - Gubbins, K.E. AU - Lucas, K. T2 - Molecular Physics AB - Abstract Infinite-dilution chemical potentials (or Henry's constants) of highly non-ideal binary Lennard-Jones mixtures were calculated using Widom's test particle method in the canonical and Kirkwood's charging method in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble. For large solutes at high densities, the results were significantly different from previous values obtained using the umbrella sampling test-particle method in the canonical ensemble. The difference can be attributed to the much more severe system size dependence of the canonical ensemble for large solutes using umbrella sampling methods. Simulations were carried out at a variety of temperatures and densities for infinitely dilute mixtures with C ≡ ε AB /ε BB ⩽ 2 and D ≡ (σ AB /σ BB )3 ⩽ 3·5 (Here ε and σ are the Lennard-Jones energy and size parameters, A and B refer to the solute and solvent respectively.) It was found that the test particle method is applicable to mixtures at reduced density ρ* ≡ ρσ3 BB ⩽ 0·5 with C ⩽ 2 and D ⩽ 3·5. For higher densities and/or larger C and D, the Kirkwood method should be used. The Kirkwood method is also preferred in simulating systems near phase boundaries because the structural changes induced by the addition of non-ideal solutes can be represented. The simulated chemical potentials were compared to the van der Waals I (vdWI) conformal solution theory predictions. For 1 ⩽ C ⩽ 2 and 0 ⩽ D ⩽ 3·5 the agreement was within the numerical uncertainties of the simulation results. However, the simulation values were found to be consistently lower than the vdWI values. For C ⩽ 1·0, the vdWI values were significantly higher than the simulation results, the differences being larger than the statistical uncertainties. These results seemed to indicate that the vdWI theory tends to overestimate the entropic or repulsive contribution to the chemical potential while the energetic or attractive contribution is reasonably well represented. DA - 1988/12/10/ PY - 1988/12/10/ DO - 10.1080/00268978800101731 VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 1235-1252 J2 - Molecular Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0026-8976 1362-3028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268978800101731 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Phase equilibria of associating fluids AU - Jackson, George AU - Chapman, Walter G. AU - Gubbins, Keith E. T2 - Molecular Physics AB - The effect of molecular associations on the phase coexistence properties of fluids with one or two directional, attractive centres is investigated. The individual molecules are represented by hard-sphere repulsive cores with off-centre, square-well attractive sites. Such a system's thermodynamic properties can be calculated by using expressions based on a theory recently proposed by Wertheim. Isothermal-isobaric Monte Carlo simulations of hard-sphere fluids with one or two attractive sites are shown to be in good agreement with the results of the theory. In order to study the system's phase equilibria using the theory, a simple van der Waals mean-field term is added to account for the dispersion forces. The critical points and phase equilibria of the associating fluids are determined for various values of the strength and range of the attractive site. Furthermore, results are presented for the degree of association in the gas and liquid phases along the vapour pressure curve. The theory can treat fluids with strong hydrogen-bonding associations such as those found in the carboxylic acids, the aliphatic alcohols, hydrogen fluoride, water etc. DA - 1988/9// PY - 1988/9// DO - 10.1080/00268978800100821 VL - 65 IS - 1 SP - 1-31 J2 - Molecular Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0026-8976 1362-3028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268978800100821 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Lennard‐Jones fluids in cylindrical pores: Nonlocal theory and computer simulation AU - Peterson, Brian K. AU - Gubbins, Keith E. AU - Heffelfinger, Grant S. AU - Marini Bettolo Marconi, Umberto AU - van Swol, Frank T2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics AB - We present adsorption isotherms, phase diagrams, and density profiles for a Lennard-Jones fluid confined to a cylindrical pore. In particular, we concentrate on the gas–liquid transition in the pore (capillary condensation). We compare simulations for a series of radii and different temperatures with mean field density functional theory (MFT). Two forms of MFT are considered, the simple local density approximation (LDA) and Tarazona’s nonlocal or smoothed density approximation (SDA). We find that the SDA provides a quite accurate description of fluid structure in the pore and that it produces phase diagrams in good agreement with the simulation data. For larger radii and temperatures T/Tc≳0.6 the SDA shows steep rises in adsorption close to the transition. This strongly affects the shape of the coexistence curve in the T, ρ̄ plane. Here ρ̄ is defined as the average density inside the pore. This behavior is confirmed by the simulation. In contrast, LDA gives a poor representation of the fluid structure and this underlies the failure to reproduce the phase diagrams and adsorption isotherms found with SDA or simulation. For extremely small radii (R*≈1) the simulation adsorption isotherms are smooth, and for not too low a temperature they are accurately described by an approach which starts from the potential distribution theorem and uses perturbation theory for the true one-dimensional fluid. DA - 1988/5/15/ PY - 1988/5/15/ DO - 10.1063/1.454434 VL - 88 IS - 10 SP - 6487-6500 J2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0021-9606 1089-7690 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454434 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Monte Carlo simulation of two-dimensional dimers between hard walls AU - Honnell, Kevin G. AU - Hall, Carol K. T2 - Molecular Physics AB - Monte Carlo simulation is used to examine the bulk equation of state and site-density profiles of a two-dimensional fluid of hard dimers between two hard walls. Dimers are modelled by two, tangent, hard discs and the pressure is calculated from the density of discs in contact with the walls. Five state points are examined at area fractions ranging from 0·1133 to 0·4950 and the results compared to several theoretical equations of state. Excellent agreement is obtained, over the entire density range, using an equation recently developed by Boublik. Very good agreement is also obtained with the generalized Flory-Huggins equation, which we derive here for two-dimensional athermal chain molecules. At low densities the site-density profile near the wall is depleted, while at higher densities it is enhanced. DA - 1988/12/20/ PY - 1988/12/20/ DO - 10.1080/00268978800101781 VL - 65 IS - 6 SP - 1281-1300 J2 - Molecular Physics LA - en OP - SN - 0026-8976 1362-3028 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268978800101781 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - The effect of nearest-neighbour interactions between hopping spins on nuclear spin relaxation in solids AU - Faux, D A AU - Hall, C K T2 - Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics AB - The authors investigate the effect of pairwise nearest-neighbour interactions on T1-1, the spin-lattice relaxation rate due to magnetic dipolar coupling between diffusion spins. The method used is an extension of the analytic/Monte Carlo procedure introduced by Faux, Ross and Sholl (1986). Results are obtained for a range of spin concentrations and interaction energies (both attractive and repulsive) for the SC and FCC lattice. It is shown that the peak height varies linearly with nearest-neighbour spin density over the range of interaction energies considered. Interpolation allows the relaxation rate to be generated as a function of reciprocal temperature for a general nearest-neighbour interaction energy. It is therefore shown that, if T1-1 is plotted as a function of reciprocal temperature, the presence of interactions can lead to different gradients on either side of the T1-1 peak. DA - 1988/7/30/ PY - 1988/7/30/ DO - 10.1088/0022-3719/21/21/018 VL - 21 IS - 21 SP - 3967-3981 J2 - J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. OP - SN - 0022-3719 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/21/21/018 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Self-consistent field model of polymer adsorption: generalized formulation and ground-state solution AU - Ploehn, Harry J. AU - Russel, William B. AU - Hall, Carol K. T2 - Macromolecules AB - ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-consistent field model of polymer adsorption: generalized formulation and ground-state solutionHarry J. Ploehn, William B. Russel, and Carol K. HallCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 4, 1075–1085Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00182a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts DA - 1988/7// PY - 1988/7// DO - 10.1021/ma00182a039 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 1075-1085 J2 - Macromolecules LA - en OP - SN - 0024-9297 1520-5835 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00182a039 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tests of published mechanisms by comparison with measured laminar flame structure in fuel-rich acetylene combustion AU - Westmoreland, Phillip R. AU - Howard, Jack B. AU - Longwell, John P. T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion AB - Mole-fraction data from a laminar, premixed, C2H2/O2/5% Ar flame were used to test predictions of combustion-chemistry mechanisms from Miller et al., Warnatz, Westbrook, and Westbrook and Dryer. Profiles of mole fraction vs. distance were measured for 38 species at conditions of ø=2.40 (slightly sooting), 2.67 kPa, and 0.5 m·s−1 cold-gas velocity using molecular-beam mass spectrometry. Profiles for 25 of these species were predicted using each of the mechanisms in a one-dimensional flame model, and the importance of individual reactions were assessed using Reaction-Path Analysis. Products and rate constants for destruction reactions of CH2, C2H3, C3H2, C3H3, C3H4, and C4H2 proved to be key sources of error. Including C3H6 chemistry is a key to the good prediction of C2H3 by the Westbrook and Dryer mechanism, but using the incorrect reaction C2H3+O2→C2H2+HO2 causes poor prediction of C2H3 by the other mechanisms. A reversible Warnatz mechanism gave the largest number of satisfactory predictions, emphasizing the importance of reversibility. DA - 1988/1// PY - 1988/1// DO - 10.1016/s0082-0784(88)80309-6 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 773-782 J2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion LA - en OP - SN - 0082-0784 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(88)80309-6 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Periodic Electrodeposition on a Planar Electrode AU - Fedkiw, Peter S. AU - Brouns, Daniel R. T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society AB - A theoretical analysis is presented of metal deposition on a planar electrode under periodic‐voltage control with simultaneous hydrogen evolution and capacitive charging. The laminar flow convective‐diffusion equation and Laplace equation are (independently) analytically solved at the stationary state with assumed known boundary conditions. An iterative procedure is applied to couple the two solutions through the nonlinear kinetics. In the calculations, primary emphasis is placed on the effect of periodic control on the uniformity of the cycle‐averaged deposit. A comparison is made between a steady‐state and stationary‐state current distribution at the same coulomb passage to the metal deposition. With this basis of comparison, it is shown that sinusoidal‐voltage control may result in either a more or less uniform deposit, depending upon the characteristic kinetic and transport parameters and the applied voltage. With all other variables remaining constant, an increase in the oscillation frequency results in a more uniform deposit; but dc control at the same fraction of the limiting current may result in a more uniform deposit. DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// DO - 10.1149/1.2095613 VL - 135 IS - 2 SP - 346 SN - 0013-4651 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2095613 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Numerical Procedure Useful for Current-Distribution Calculations on Bipolar Electrodes AU - Fedkiw, Peter S. AU - Bogard, Mark A. T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// DO - 10.1149/1.2096106 VL - 135 IS - 7 SP - 1726 SN - 0013-4651 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2096106 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pulsed-Potential Oxidation of Methanol AU - Fedkiw, Peter S. AU - Traynelis, Christian L. AU - Wang, Shing-Ru T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society AB - Methanol oxidation on a platinum electrode at an overvoltage appropriate for fuel‐cell application is incomplete; a poisonous partial‐oxidation product, thought to be , is formed. The poison may be oxidatively removed to regenerate the surface, but the cell may not produce power at the requisite polarization. A periodic, pulsed‐potential control strategy was examined as a means to regenerate in situ a platinum electrode which was otherwise poisoned by methanol oxidation from a and solution at 50°C. The potential was held at a high anodic polarization (1.18V vs. NHE) for time , and for the remainder of the cycle the potential was held at a less anodic value (0.4 or 0.6V). The total cycle time was varied from 0.2 to 10s with varied from 0.05 to 0.4. The average current during each segment of the polarization cycle was calculated from the coulombs measured in that segment, and . The average current at increased with the frequency or ; the coulombic efficiency, , decreased with increasing; and, the faradaic efficiency calculated from the blank‐corrected coulomb ratio has a maximum in . The effects are more pronounced for than at 0.6V, with the average current under pulsed‐potential control increased nearly two orders of magnitude above the steady‐state current at 0.4V. The power output from a fuel cell will be increased under pulsed‐potential operation with an optimum combination of waveform parameters existing which maximize power production. DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// DO - 10.1149/1.2095358 VL - 135 IS - 10 SP - 2459 SN - 0013-4651 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2095358 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ohmic distortion of reversible voltammograms in thin-layer cells AU - Fedkiw, Peter S. AU - Weidner, John W. AU - Kang, M.Paul T2 - Electrochimica Acta AB - A continuum-model approach, analogous to porous electrode theory, has been applied to a thin-layer cell of rectangular and cylindrical geometry. A reversible redox couple is assumed, and the local reaction current density is related to the potential through the formula of Hubbard and Anson for a uniformily accessible thin-layer cell. The placement of the reference electrode is also accounted for in the analysis. Primary emphasis is placed on the effect of the solution-phase ohmic potential drop on the voltammogram characteristics. Correlation equations for the peak-potential displacement from E0′ and the peak current are presented in terms of two dimensionless parameters. DA - 1988/3// PY - 1988/3// DO - 10.1016/0013-4686(88)85038-2 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 421-424 J2 - Electrochimica Acta LA - en OP - SN - 0013-4686 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(88)85038-2 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - TRANSIENT-RESPONSE SIMULATIONS OF RECOMBINANT MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS AU - PERETTI, SW AU - BAILEY, JE T2 - BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING AB - Abstract An asynchronous bacterial population has been approximated using a finite number of “computer” cells, each based on a complex single‐cell model for Escherichia coli. This formulation correctly simulates the transient responses of protein and total cell mass synthesis rate to the sudden increase in the concentration of limiting energy source in the growth medium. Experimentally observed responses of rRNA and mRNA synthesis rates to growth rate shifts are qualitatively mirrored by the model. Simulation trends following those of a rel − mutant suggest that model modifications are needed to describe the dynamics of the stringent response. Simulations of the responses of recombinant populations to plasmid amplification or plasmid promoter induction also result in behavior similar to that determined experimentally. The calculated responses for recombinant populations subjected to constant promoter induction or cyclic induction‐noninduction lead to the conclusion that inducible systems give greater productivity than those with fixed promoter strength. This formulation may be utilized as a basis for exploring other aspects of recombinant population dynamics. DA - 1988/8/5/ PY - 1988/8/5/ DO - 10.1002/bit.260320403 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 418-429 SN - 0006-3592 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The importance of obvious and disguised association reactions in combustion AU - Westmoreland, P. R. T2 - Chemical and Physical Processes in Combustion DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// SP - 17/1-17/4 ER - TY - JOUR TI - SPECTROSCOPIC EMISSION STUDIES OF O2/HE AND N2/HE PLASMAS IN REMOTE PLASMA ENHANCED CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION AU - TSU, DV AU - Parsons, Gregory AU - LUCOVSKY, G T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology a-Vacuum Surfaces and Films AB - We have analyzed He, O2 /He, and N2 /He plasmas of the remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of a-Si:H, silicon oxide, and nitride deposition by emission optical spectroscopy and by mass spectrometry. We have detected species such as atomic N and O as well as metastable He. These will be discussed relative to the deposition of silicon nitrides, oxides, and amorphous silicon. DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// DO - 10.1116/1.575267 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 1849-1854 UR - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:A1988N974800137&KeyUID=WOS:A1988N974800137 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PROPERTIES OF INTRINSIC AND DOPED A-SI-H DEPOSITED BY REMOTE PLASMA ENHANCED CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION AU - Parsons, Gregory AU - TSU, DV AU - LUCOVSKY, G T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology a-Vacuum Surfaces and Films AB - We have grown films of a-Si:H by remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RPECVD) with substrate temperatures Ts between 38 and 400 °C and studied the infrared and optical absorbance (including sub-band-gap absorbance), and other photoelectronic properties. The RPECVD films differ from glow discharge (GD) and sputtered films, most notably in the Ts dependence of the hydrogen bonding environments (SiH, SiH2, etc.) and the photoconductivity. RPECVD films produced with Ts=235 °C are similar to ‘‘device grade’’ GD films. Based on the differences between these films, we construct a model for the RPECVD deposition process that includes SiH3 species as precursors to the growth of high-quality films. We also present experimental evidence of the selectability of precursor formation in the RPECVD process. DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// DO - 10.1116/1.575244 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 1912-1916 UR - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:A1988N974800158&KeyUID=WOS:A1988N974800158 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Organometallic chemistry on surfaces. Reactivity of metal carbonyl compounds on metal oxides AU - Lamb, H. H. AU - Gates, B. C. AU - Knoezinger, H. T2 - Angewandte Chemie [International Edition in English] DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// VL - 100 IS - 9 SP - 1162-1180 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ANALYSIS OF FUEL-LEAN COMBUSTION USING CHEMICAL MECHANISMS AU - GARO, A AU - WESTMORELAND, PR AU - HOWARD, JB AU - LONGWELL, JP T2 - COMBUSTION AND FLAME AB - Detailed fuel-lean C2H2O2 flame data by Vandooren and Van Tiggelen were used to explore the implications of published reaction sets. The data had been obtained using molecular-beam mass spectrometry in a flat flame at a fuel equivalence ratio of 0.12, pressure of 5.34 kPa, and cold gas velocity of 50.5 cm/s. Stable-species and free-radical mole fractions were predicted using a standard one-dimensional flame model and were tested against the data, similarly to our recently reported study of the same mechanisms under fuel-rich conditions. Mechanisms were derived from reaction sets reported by Miller et al., Warnatz, Westbrook, and Westbrook and Dryer. Successful predictions by the first two mechanisms were dominated by O-atom destruction of C2H2 to form CH2 and CO and by CH2 + O2 → CO2 + 2H, which destroyed CH2 and rapidly produced the necessary “prompt CO2” and H-atoms. Although CH2 predictions deviate significantly from the data, new insights into the experimental method show that the CH2 data themselves were mistaken. More seriously, recent studies of C2H2 + O kinetics show that H + HCCO is the dominant product channel rather than triplet 3CH2 + CO, which implies that singlet 1CH2 may be produced quite rapidly in C2H2 flames from the reaction H + HCCO → 1CH2 + CO. As a consequence, the distinctly different kinetics of ground-state 3CH2 and electronically excited 1CH2 should be distinguished explicitly in new combustion mechanisms. DA - 1988/6// PY - 1988/6// DO - 10.1016/0010-2180(88)90127-7 VL - 72 IS - 3 SP - 271-286 SN - 0010-2180 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Validity of the Filarochek test for detection of Dirofilaria immitis infections in dogs AU - Levine, J. F. AU - Fox, D. AU - Snowden, K. AU - Greene, R. AU - Kennedy, K. AU - Childress, K. T2 - Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association DA - 1988/// PY - 1988/// VL - 24 SP - 327-333 ER - TY - JOUR TI - HIGH-DENSITY MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS OF CHAIN MOLECULES - BULK EQUATION OF STATE AND DENSITY PROFILE NEAR WALLS AU - DICKMAN, R AU - HALL, CK T2 - JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS AB - We introduce a new Monte Carlo method suitable for simulations of chain molecules over a wide range of densities. Results for the equation of state of chains composed of 4, 8, and 16 freely joined hard spheres are compared with the predictions of several theories. The density profile of the fluid in the vicinity of the wall, and the scaling of the pressure with chain length are also discussed. DA - 1988/9/1/ PY - 1988/9/1/ DO - 10.1063/1.454973 VL - 89 IS - 5 SP - 3168-3174 SN - 0021-9606 ER -