TY - CONF TI - Nanoparticle Filtration by Virtual Nonwoven Media AU - Wang, H.Q. AU - Maze, B. AU - Tafreshi, H.Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - American Filtration Society (AFS) C2 - 2006/5// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/5// PY - 2006/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Meltspun Multi-component Processes for Economic Nanofiber Webs AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Fedorova, N. AU - McCulloch, J. T2 - American Filtration Society C2 - 2006/5// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/5// PY - 2006/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Islands-in-the-sea Approach As An Ultimate Route For The Production Of Strong Nanofibers and Nanofiber Webs AU - Fedorova, N. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - 231st American Chemical Society National Meeting C2 - 2006/3// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3/26/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Hydroentangling - A Path to Technical Nonwovens AU - Tafreshi, H.V. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil C2 - 2006/3// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - From Disposable to Durable – Implications AU - Batra, S.K. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil C2 - 2006/3// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - High Strength Durable Coated Fabrics Made From Nonwovens AU - Verenich, S. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil C2 - 2006/3// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - Commercially Feasible Strong Nano Fiber Based Nonwovens AU - Fedorova, N. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil C2 - 2006/3// CY - Atlanta, Georgia DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - Research Center Management AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - NSF Annual I-UCRC Center Directors Meeting C2 - 2006/1// CY - Washington, DC DA - 2006/1// PY - 2006/1// ER - TY - CONF TI - Sensors on Textile Substrates for Home-Based Healthcare Monitoring AU - Kang, Tae-Ho AU - Merritt, C. AU - Karaguzel, B. AU - Wilson, J. AU - Franzon, P. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Grant, E. AU - Nagle, T. T2 - 1st Transdisciplinary Conference on Distributed Diagnosis and Home Healthcare, 2006. D2H2. AB - In this paper we describe progress in developing textile-based sensors for wearable physiological monitoring systems. Active electrodes on nonwoven textile substrates are described for capturing ECG and EOG data. A capacitive sensor for monitoring breathing is presented. Data transmission by coplanar waveguides is also a topic introduced. The future of these devices for home-based healthcare monitoring is considered C2 - 2006/5/6/ C3 - 1st Transdisciplinary Conference on Distributed Diagnosis and Home Healthcare, 2006. D2H2. DA - 2006/5/6/ DO - 10.1109/ddhh.2006.1624783 PB - IEEE SN - 1424400589 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ddhh.2006.1624783 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Algorithm to Systematically Reduce Human Errors in Healthcare AU - Seastrunk, Chad Stephen DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - effects of graduated compression stockings (GCSs) on cutaneous surface pressure along the path of main superficial veins of lower limb AU - Liu, R. AU - Kwok, Y.L. AU - Li, Y. AU - Lao, T.T. AU - Zhang, X T2 - Wounds (King of Prussia, Pa. : Online) DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 150-157 ER - TY - CONF TI - Supply Chain Multi-Objective Simulation Optimization AU - Joines, J.A. AU - Thoney, K. AU - Kay, M.G. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the 4th International Industrial Simulation Conference DA - 2006/// VL - 125-132 SP - 125-132 PB - Ostend: EUROSIS-ETI SN - 9789077381267 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Niche market strategy for a mature marketplace AU - Parrish, Erin D. AU - Cassill, Nancy L. AU - Oxenham, William T2 - MARKETING INTELLIGENCE & PLANNING AB - Purpose To examine how companies in the maturity stage of the product life cycle can implement and maintain a successful niche market strategy to increase competitiveness in the face of new competition, with particular reference to the global textile industry. Design/methodology/approach Responsible executives in eight firms in the textile and apparel/clothing sector in the USA were interviewed face‐to‐face or by telephone, or completed an online questionnaire. The sample contains leaders in the industry. Findings Research results suggest that niche marketing is an effective strategy for countering price competition in a mature industry and can use a niche market strategy. They identify key success factors, the most important factor of which was found to be a thorough understanding of the targeted consumers. It is concluded that the marketing mix plays a more important part than is generally suggested in the literature, by communicating non‐price product attributes to the niche market. Research limitations/implications The small sample limits generalization beyond the companies that participated in the study and comparable firms in the US textile and apparel/clothing industry. Practical implications This research study shows, within its limitations, that niche marketing is a promising global competitive strategy for mature industries. The study proposes practical guidelines for putting it into practice. Originality/value This study generally confirms the literature, but comes to some original further conclusions. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1108/02634500610711860 VL - 24 IS - 7 SP - 694-707 SN - 1758-8049 KW - Niche marketing KW - Competitive strategy KW - United States of America KW - Textiles KW - Clothing and accessories ER - TY - CONF TI - New innovations in engineered fabrics AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Innovations in medical, protective, and technical textiles : AATCC symposium C2 - 2006/// C3 - Innovations in medical, protective, and technical textiles : AATCC symposium ; February 1 - 2, 2006, Embassy Suites Hotel, Cary, North Carolina CY - Cary, North Carolina DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/2/1/ PB - Research Triangle Park, NC: AATCC, ER - TY - CONF TI - Surface modification of fibers & nonwovens with melt additives AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Shim, E. AU - Datla, V.M. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Role of thermal bonding on performance AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Role of structure on transport AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Tafreshi, H. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Role of hydroentangling on performance AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Nonwoven structure simulation and definition AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Maze, B. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Nonwoven structure definition AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Modeling mechanical properties of thermally bonded nonwovens AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Maze, B. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Value and fairness in US textile industry partnerships AU - Divita, Lorynn AU - Cassill, Nancy AU - Ludwig, David T2 - JOURNAL OF FASHION MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT AB - Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a demographic profile and to examine the types of value (social and economic) and fairness received from strategic partnerships between members of the US textile industry with their US suppliers and vendors. Design/methodology/approach Based on a theoretical Relationship Retention Model by Gassenheimer and Houston and incorporating Transactional Cost Analysis, social exchange theory and distributive justice as theoretical frameworks, a quantitative instrument measured partnership economic value, social value and fairness. Standard least squares regression analysis combined with bootstrap analysis was used in data analysis. Findings Results indicated that a significant relationship ( p >0.0001) existed between social value and fairness. These findings refute the theoretical model, which shows both economic value and social value to be equally important to a successful partnership. Research limitations/implications Limitations arose from adapting a theoretical model to a testable path model, a limited number of partnerships and that this survey did not involve time‐series or longitudinal research methods. Future research may include dyadic research, a longitudinal study or the scope of the survey may be broadened to the global level. Practical implications Industry can use study findings to evaluate their own strategic partnerships, while results may be taught in academia as part of a strategic planning or management course or used as a basis for further research. Originality/value This study fills a void in current research literature by: using an empirical approach to analyze strategic partnerships in the US textile industry, and testing a previously untried theoretical model. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1108/13612020610701974 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 447-+ SN - 1758-7433 KW - United States of America KW - Textile industry KW - Partnership KW - Economic value analysis KW - Social values ER - TY - JOUR TI - The use of a niche market strategy by U.S. textile and apparel firms AU - Parrish, E. AU - Cassill, N. AU - Oxenham, W. AU - Jones, M. T2 - Journal of the Textile Institute DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 77-85 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Numerical simulation of the formation of constricted waterjets in hydroentangling nozzles - Effects of nozzle geometry AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN AB - The role of nozzle geometry on the formation of constricted waterjets, waterjets that are detached from the wall throughout the nozzle, is considered in this paper. Such waterjets have found applications in various industries, including nonwoven processing. Due to the very small time and length scales involved in high-speed flow through micro-nozzles, experimental observation of the jet formation is cumbersome if not impossible. Computer simulation, on the other hand, can improve our understanding of the waterjet formation process under such conditions. In this paper, we report on flow simulations of water through sharp-edge cone-capillary nozzles having a diameter of 128 μm at different Reynolds numbers. Unsteady-state laminar two-phase flow is considered in axisymmetric nozzles with different capillary lengths. Our simulations show the separation of the flow from the nozzle wall as it enters the orifice. Simulations have also revealed that flow reattachment occurs in cases where the nozzle capillary length is longer than a critical length. For sharpedge nozzles operating at high Reynolds numbers, the critical capillary length is found to be about 70% of the nozzle diameter. Nozzles with a capillary length less than the above critical length produce a constricted waterjet with no apparent cavitation during the jet formation. DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// DO - 10.1205/cherd.05077 VL - 84 IS - A3 SP - 231-238 SN - 1744-3563 KW - waterjet KW - flow simulation KW - reattachment length KW - hydroentangling KW - nonwovens ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electronic textiles and their potential AU - Ghosh, T. K. AU - Dhawan, A. T2 - Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 30 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Analysis of world nonwoven market AU - Lee, H. J. AU - Cassill, N. T2 - Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 5 SP - 1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An investigation of competitive pricing among apparel retailers and brands AU - Fratto, Genessa AU - Jones, Michelle AU - Cassill, Nancy T2 - JOURNAL OF FASHION MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT AB - Purpose The aim of this paper is to investigate competitive pricing strategies of apparel brands and retailers. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins with a broad discussion of competition by examining Porter's five forces model, and narrows by examining price competition within price tiers in the retail apparel industry according to store format and brands. Included are case studies of apparel retailers and brands incorporating concepts of pricing strategies, brand positioning, and price competition, with a focus on retail channel relationships. The paper analyzes the impact of price competition on apparel retailers and brands, and further examines price tiers as a competitive strategy. Findings The study reveals that the concept of price tiers is applicable to apparel retailers and brands. Price tiering is a vehicle for market positioning for the retail apparel industry. Retailers are enacting a price tier strategy by branding their retail store formats or engaging store brands as a vehicle of differentiation for a tier. Retailers and brands can be successful with a price tier strategy, unless they fail to differentiate between tiers on factors other than on price alone. Research limitations/implications The lack of relevant price competition literature, relating to the retailer apparel industry, forced the exploration of price competition literature from grocery and automotive sectors. Originality/value The paper provides useful information on the impact of price competition on apparel retailers and brands, and also price tiers as a competitive strategy. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1108/13612020610701938 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 387-+ SN - 1758-7433 KW - Clothing KW - Retailers KW - Brands KW - Pricing KW - Competitive strategy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dyeing behavior of melt spun acrylic fiber with basic dyes AU - Qian, L. AU - Li, S. T2 - AATCC Review DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 44-48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Polyether based thermoplastic polyurethane melt blown nonwovens AU - Zapletalova, T. AU - Michielsen, S. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 1 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Niche market strategy in the textile and apparel industry AU - Parrish, Erin AU - Cassill, Nancy AU - Oxenham, William T2 - JOURNAL OF FASHION MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT AB - Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how the textile and apparel industry can utilize a niche market strategy in order to compete with lower priced imports. Design/methodology/approach The research design used for this study was an in‐depth case study method. The sample consisted of selected companies from the fiber, textile, apparel, and auxiliary sectors who are considered leaders in the US textile and apparel industry. Findings Results indicated that firms can approach a niche strategy from either a market or a product perspective. Findings also indicated variables that are used by firms for both approaches. The most important factor in which a firm needs to focus is understanding the consumer. Research limitations/implications Because of the limited sample size of US textile and apparel firms, the results can only be generalized to those companies that participated in the study and not the entire textile and apparel industry. Practical implications This research study showed that a niche strategy is a promising global competitive strategy for the textile and apparel industry that can be used to compete with lower priced imports. Originality/value This study clarifies not only how a niche market/product is defined by the industry, but also how firms can implement and maintain a successful niche strategy. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1108/13612020610701956 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 420-+ SN - 1758-7433 KW - Niche marketing KW - Competitive strategy KW - Textile industry KW - Garment industry KW - Marketing strategy KW - United States of America ER - TY - JOUR TI - A note on permeability simulation of multifilament woven fabrics AU - Wang, Q. AU - Maze, B. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE AB - A conventional approach for modeling permeability of multifilament fabrics is to consider their warps and wefts to be individual thick filament made of homogeneous porous media and solve the flow equations for such monofilament fabrics. In this work, for the first time, the full 3-D geometry of an idealized multifilament woven fabric, wherein the filaments are packed in hexagonal arrangement, is generated to compute its permeability and compare with the homogeneous anisotropic lumped model of Gebart (1992. Permeability of unidirectional reinforcements for RTM. Journal of Composite Materials 26(8), 1100–1133). While a relatively good agreement is obtained, our results indicate that Gebart's model slightly underestimate the permeability of multifilament fabrics even at high yarn's solid volume fractions. DA - 2006/12// PY - 2006/12// DO - 10.1016/j.ces.2006.09.043 VL - 61 IS - 24 SP - 8085-8088 SN - 1873-4405 KW - air permeability KW - multifilament fabrics KW - CFD simulations KW - fluid flow ER - TY - CONF TI - Understanding and predicting shade variation based on fiber fineness and fabric structure AU - Li, S.-Q. AU - Xu, C.-H. AU - Hinks, D. AU - Shamey, R. C2 - 2006/// C3 - American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, International Conference & Exhibition (AATCC-ICE) 2006 DA - 2006/// PB - American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ER - TY - JOUR TI - New textile product development: Processes, practices, and products AU - Powell, N. B. AU - Cassill, N. L. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - Abstract With today's global competitive marketplace, new textile product development requires a design, marketing, materials and technology interface. An opportunity existed to examine the new textile product development processes being used by global textile companies with a variety of textile product end-uses: apparel, home textiles, transportation, industrial, nonwovens, carpets, and medical textiles. The Crawford and DiBenedetto model (2003) was used as the conceptual framework for the study and data was collected using secondary and primary data sources. A total of 24 global companies, based in the United States, comprised the sample for this study. Each company's new textile product development processes, practices, and new products were examined, with identification of key new product development concepts being utilized. Results indicated that companies were utilizing new product development (NPD) processes as a competitive tool, but are using a combination of NPD strategies to develop and launch products in the global marketplace. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1533/joti.2005.0154 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 155-166 SN - 1754-2340 KW - new textile product development KW - design KW - marketing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hydroentangling knitted fabrics for improving abrasion resistance AU - Shim, E. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - Abstract Hydroentangling is used as the mechanical finish to improve abrasion resistance of knitted fabrics. The hydroentangling process successfully reduced the amount of loose surface fibers and led to improved abrasion resistance. However, other properties such as fabric thickness and softness were also affected by the treatment. Keywords: Hydroentanglingabrasion resistanceknitted fabricsoftness DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1533/joti.2006.0268 VL - 97 IS - 5 SP - 435-440 SN - 0040-5000 KW - hydroentangling KW - abrasion resistance KW - knitted fabric KW - softness ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inter-instrument agreement in the colorimetric measurement of textile materials AU - Clonts, R. AU - Thangavelu, R. AU - Hinks, D. AU - Dunn, J. AU - Guzman, P. AU - Laidlaw, A. T2 - AATCC Review DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 6 IS - 8 SP - 45-48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review of thermally point-bonded nonwovens: Materials, processes, and properties AU - Michielsen, S AU - Pourdeyhimi, B AU - Desai, P T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Abstract Recent research on all aspects of thermally point‐bonded nonwovens has led to considerable improvements in the understanding of material requirements for these nonwovens, the changes that occur during bonding, and the mechanical properties of the resultant nonwoven materials. This article will review (1) how the thermal bonding process transforms the material properties of feed fibers, (2) the implications for material selection, and (3) the resultant failure properties of the bonded nonwoven. The formation of a bond during thermal bonding follows in sequence through three critical steps: (1) heating the web to partially melt the crystalline region, (2) reptation of the newly released chain segments across the fiber–fiber interface, and (3) subsequent cooling of the web to re‐solidify it and to trap the chain segments that diffused across the fiber–fiber interface. The time scales for these processes closely match commercial practice. In addition, adequate pressure is required to compress the fibers that form the bond spots and enhance heat transfer to these fibers. However, pressures typically used in commercial practice are insufficient to increase the melting temperature significantly or to produce significant heating due to compression of the fibers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006 DA - 2006/3/5/ PY - 2006/3/5/ DO - 10.1002/app.22858 VL - 99 IS - 5 SP - 2489-2496 SN - 0021-8995 KW - nonwovens KW - polypropylene KW - interfaces KW - mechanical properties KW - thermal bonding ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plasmon resonances of gold nanoparticles incorporated inside an optical fibre matrix AU - Dhawan, Anuj AU - Muth, John F. T2 - NANOTECHNOLOGY AB - Metallic nanoparticles were incorporated into the core of standard telecommunication grade optical fibres. This creates a simple, yet robust, platform which can be used to investigate the properties of nanoparticles, for sensing, spectroscopy, and optical switching applications. The optical response of gold nanoparticles embedded in the optical fibre matrix was evaluated as a function of temperature and the use of the structure as an inline fibre-optic temperature sensor is described. A redshift in the localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance related peak, as well as broadening of the plasmon resonance, was observed upon increasing the temperature of the nanoparticle containing fibre. The shift and broadening of the plasmon resonance were attributed to the temperature dependence of dielectric constants of metallic nanoparticles and the silica matrix and to plasmon-phonon interactions. DA - 2006/5/28/ PY - 2006/5/28/ DO - 10.1088/0957-4484/17/10/011 VL - 17 IS - 10 SP - 2504-2511 SN - 0957-4484 ER - TY - PAT TI - Three-dimensional deep molded structures with enhanced properties AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Little, T. J C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - PAT TI - Photoluminescent fibers and fabrics with high luminance and enhanced mechanical properties AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Little, T. J. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - A study on flow through hydroentangling nozzles and their degradation AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE AB - Abstract Hydroentangling is a technique for mechanically bonding loose filaments or fibers arranged in a web. The efficiency with which the web is entangled depends on the peculiar properties of laminar high-speed waterjets used. The characteristics of such waterjets strongly depend on the operating pressure and the nozzle inlet sharpness which influence the dynamics of fluid flow. In this study, we report on experiments and CFD simulations aimed at improving our knowledge of such two-phase flows. In particular, we simulate the formation and growth of the cavitation cloud inside a sharp-edge hydroentangling nozzle at pressures ranging from 10 to 200 bars ( 5700 Re 25 600 ) . Our experimental results run at the same pressures, confirm that nozzle cavitation will cause “hydraulic flip”. Once hydraulic flip occurs, atomizing waterjets will turn into constricted laminar waterjets with long intact lengths—a necessary condition for hydroentangling. It has been observed that the nozzle inlet deteriorates under high pressures. Our CFD simulations show a striking similarity between the contours of shear stress at the nozzle inlet and the nozzle wear pattern. These findings together with the SEM elemental analysis at the nozzle inlet reveal the potential for metal oxidation around the inlet, implicating stress-induced corrosion as a major contributor to the nozzle wear. Cavitation might also be one of the mechanisms responsible for the above-mentioned wear at the inlet edge. Additionally, our water-borne solid particle tracking, confirms SEM experimental results that particle deposition can potentially play a considerable role in the deterioration of the nozzle inlet shape. DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1016/j.ces.2006.01.038 VL - 61 IS - 14 SP - 4582-4594 SN - 1873-4405 KW - watedet KW - hydroentangling KW - corrosion KW - fluid mechanics KW - hydrodynamics KW - multiphase flow ER - TY - JOUR TI - A heterogeneous kinetic model for the cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of cyclo-tris-ethylene terephthalate AU - Figueroa, Yalitza AU - Hinks, David AU - Montero, Gerardo T2 - BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AB - The kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the polyester oligomer cyclo-tris-ethylene terephthalate, commonly known as cyclic trimer, using a developmental cutinase is reported. The effect of substrate surface area and enzyme concentration, in a largely aqueous medium, on the rate of hydrolysis was measured via spectrophotometric measurement using high performance liquid chromatography (lambda 254 nm) at 60 degrees C in a glycine buffer (pH 8). The rate was strongly dependent on the substrate's surface characteristics. When the substrate surface area was relatively small and the substrate was relatively low in crystallinity, the reaction followed zero order kinetics, whereas a first order rate constant was obtained when the substrate surface area was increased considerably and the crystallinity was relatively high. DA - 2006/8// PY - 2006/8// DO - 10.1021/bp050309s VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 1209-1214 SN - 1520-6033 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A case study of simulating submicron aerosol filtration via lightweight spun-bonded filter media AU - Wang, Q. AU - Maze, B. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE AB - The most common method of filtration is via fibrous nonwoven media. Fibrous filters are generally characterized by their collection efficiency and pressure drop. Traditional computational studies in this area are typically based on unrealistic 2-D geometries with the fibers simply placed in a lattice (regular array) perpendicular to the flow. The traditional approaches however, do not permit studying the relation between the 3-D structure of a filter media and its performance. In this study, for the first time, a virtual 3-D web is generated based on the fiber orientation information obtained from analyzing microscopic images of lightweight spun-bonded filter media. Pressure drop and collection efficiency of our virtual filter are simulated and compared with the previous 2-D analytical and numerical models as well as experiment. Our pressure drop calculation, unlike the previous models, showed a perfect agreement with the predictions of the Davies’ empirical equation. The collection efficiencies obtained from simulating a thin spun-bonded filter media challenged with submicron particles having diameters ranging from 50 to 500 nm showed a similar trend as that of the previous 2-D models. For the solid volume fraction (SVF), filter thickness, and the fiber and particle diameters considered in this study, we found collection efficiencies higher than that of the above mentioned 2-D models with a relatively good agreement with experimental data obtained from a TSI 8130 filter tester. DA - 2006/8// PY - 2006/8// DO - 10.1016/j.ces.2006.03.039 VL - 61 IS - 15 SP - 4871-4883 SN - 1873-4405 KW - aerosol KW - filtration KW - product design KW - fluid mechanics KW - modeling ER - TY - JOUR TI - Transport properties of solid polymer electrolytes prepared from oligomeric fluorosulfonimide lithium salts dissolved in high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) AU - Geiculescu, Olt E. AU - Rajagopal, Rama AU - Creager, Stephen E. AU - DesMarteau, Darryl D. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Fedkiw, Peter T2 - JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B AB - Transport properties such as ionic conductivity, lithium transference number, and apparent salt diffusion coefficient are reported for solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) prepared using several oligomeric bis[(perfluoroalkyl)sulfonyl]imide (fluorosulfonimide) lithium salts dissolved in high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The salt series consists of polyanions in which two discrete fluorosulfonimide anions are linked together by [(perfluorobutylene)disulfonyl]imide linker chains. The restricted diffusion technique was used to measure the apparent salt diffusion coefficients in SPEs, and cationic transference numbers were determined using both potentiostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. A general trend of diminished salt diffusion coefficient with increasing anion size was observed and is opposite to the trend observed in ionic conductivity. This unexpected finding is rationalized in terms of the cumulative effects of charge carrier concentration, anion mobility, ion pairing, host plasticization by the anions, and salt phase segregation on the conductivity. DA - 2006/11/23/ PY - 2006/11/23/ DO - 10.1021/jp062648p VL - 110 IS - 46 SP - 23130-23135 SN - 1520-5207 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178325/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Calculating mass transfer from vertical wet fabrics using a free convection heat transfer correlation AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Ercan, E. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1007/s00231-005-0050-1 VL - 42 IS - 9 SP - 767-769 SN - 1432-1181 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A study on hydroentangling waterjets and their impact forces AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1007/s00348-006-0162-5 VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 103-113 SN - 1432-1114 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Villalobos Colour Atlas: An analysis AU - Brown, M AU - Kuehni, RG AU - Hinks, D T2 - COLOR RESEARCH AND APPLICATION AB - Abstract The Villalobos Colour Atlas with its 7273 samples, published in 1947 in Argentina, represents one of the most ambitious attempts at a systematic object color sample collection. Its authors saw it as a practical visual color measuring and specification instrument at a time when spectrophotometers were a rarity in research institutes. In part, its organization is similar to that of the Munsell system but differs in regard to saturation. After a brief description of the structure of the Atlas data, what may be the first extensive measurement data of samples of the Atlas is presented in the CIELAB system. The results, unsurprisingly, show that the Atlas (as represented by the over‐60‐year‐old copy) meets some of its stated goals only to a limited extent. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31, 109–116, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20188 DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.1002/col.20188 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 109-116 SN - 1520-6378 KW - color order systems KW - history ER - TY - JOUR TI - In-line fiber optic structures for environmental sensing applications AU - Dhawan, Anuj AU - Muth, J. F. T2 - OPTICS LETTERS AB - Fiber optic sensors based on the interaction of surface plasmons or evanescent waves with the surrounding environment are usually obtained by tapering an optical fiber, which significantly weakens the structure, or by use of just the end of the optical fiber. A fiber optic structure that maintains the structural integrity of the optical fiber with a long environmental interaction length is presented. Graded-index optical fiber elements are used as lenses, and a coreless optical fiber acts as the environmental interaction area. These elements are fused by an optical fiber splicer and result in a continuous fiber optic sensing system. DA - 2006/5/15/ PY - 2006/5/15/ DO - 10.1364/OL.31.001391 VL - 31 IS - 10 SP - 1391-1393 SN - 1539-4794 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grading of yarn appearance using image analysis and an artificial intelligence technique AU - Semnani, D AU - Latifi, M AU - Tehran, MA AU - Pourdeyhimi, B AU - Merati, AA T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - In this research, a new method is used for grading of yarn appearance based on yarn images of ASTM standard (section D 2255), by using an image processing technique and an artificial intelligence technique. In this method, grading of yarn appearance is based on computer vision and analyzing the images of standard pictorial boards of yarn. Therefore this method is very similar to human vision. The logic of the classification by ASTM is considered and then a new definition for classification of yarn appearance grade is presented. In this method of classification, the grading procedure is not dependent on yarn structure and raw materials. Thus it is possible to use this method for grading of any type of yarn based on apparent features. DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// DO - 10.1177/0040517506056868 VL - 76 IS - 3 SP - 187-196 SN - 0040-5175 ER -