TY - SOUND TI - Nonwovens as a Platform Technology, Combination Products AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. DA - 2009/4/9/ PY - 2009/4/9/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Nonwovens Tutorial AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Industrial Fabrics Association International C2 - 2009/9// CY - San Diego, California DA - 2009/9// PY - 2009/9// ER - TY - CONF TI - Shape Enhanced Fibers for Filtration AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Yoem, B. T2 - Man Made Fiber Conference C2 - 2009/9// CY - Dornbirn, Austria DA - 2009/9// PY - 2009/9// ER - TY - CONF TI - In situ collagen polymerization of layered cell-seeded electrospun scaffolds AU - McCullen, S.D. AU - Miller, P.R. AU - Gittard, S.D. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Narayan, R.J. AU - Loboa, E.G. T2 - 11th Annual North Carolina Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Conference C2 - 2009/11// C3 - Proceedings of the 11th Annual North Carolina Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Conference CY - Winston-Salem, NC DA - 2009/11// PY - 2009/11// ER - TY - CONF TI - Durable, High Strength Microfiber Nonwovens AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil North America C2 - 2009/4// CY - Las Vegas, Nevada DA - 2009/4// PY - 2009/4// ER - TY - CONF TI - Modeling Fluid Interaction in Fibrous Materials AU - Jaganathan, S. AU - Tafreshi, H. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil North America C2 - 2009/4// CY - Las Vegas, Nevada DA - 2009/4// PY - 2009/4// ER - TY - CONF TI - Modeling Performance of Multi-layer Composite Air Filters AU - Tafreshi, H. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil North America C2 - 2009/4// CY - Las Vegas, Nevada DA - 2009/4// PY - 2009/4// ER - TY - CONF TI - Filtration Properties of Area-Enhanced Filter Media AU - Yoem, A. AU - Shim, E. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - TechTextil North America C2 - 2009/4// CY - Las Vegas, Nevada DA - 2009/4// PY - 2009/4// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Focused Ion Beam Characterization of Bicomponent Polymer Fibers AU - Wong, K AU - Anantharamaiah, N AU - Garcia, R AU - Batchelor, D AU - Pourdeyhimi, B AU - Griffis, D T2 - Microscopy and Microanalysis AB - Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009 DA - 2009/7// PY - 2009/7// DO - 10.1017/S1431927609094124 VL - 15 IS - S2 SP - 370-371 J2 - Microsc Microanal LA - en OP - SN - 1431-9276 1435-8115 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927609094124 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthesis and characterization of PAMPS-filled nylon nonwoven membranes T2 - Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178320/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - POLY 63-Polymer-filled nonwoven membranes for chemical protection T2 - Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178334/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Energy-Related Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIBER SOCIETY 2009 SPRING CONFERENCE, VOLS I AND II DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// UR - https://publons.com/publon/6540076/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synthesis and characterization of PAMPS-filled nylon nonwoven membranes AU - Jung, Kyung-Hye AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 237 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Processing-Structure Relationships of Electrospun Nanofibers AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Nanofibers: Fabrication, Performance, and Applications A2 - Chang, W.N. PY - 2009/// SP - 239-270, PB - Nova Science ER - TY - JOUR TI - POLY 63-Polymer-filled nonwoven membranes for chemical protection AU - Jung, Kyung-Hye AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 238 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Energy-Related Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Donghua, University DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// PB - SE - 959-960 ER - TY - CONF TI - Synthesis and Characterization of PAMPS-Filled Nylon Nonwoven Membranes C2 - 2009/3// C3 - 237th American Chemical Society National Meeting DA - 2009/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - Pt-Carbon Nanofiber Composites for Use as Electrodes in DMFCs C2 - 2009/5// C3 - 215th Electrochemical Society Meeting DA - 2009/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Pt-Carbon Nanofiber Composites for Use as Electrodes in DMFCs C2 - 2009/5// C3 - 215th Electrochemical Society Meeting DA - 2009/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Nonwovens Containing Polymer Fillers C2 - 2009/4// C3 - Richard D. Gilbert Award Symposium for Students in Polymer Science DA - 2009/4// ER - TY - CONF TI - Nanofiber-Based Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries C2 - 2009/4// C3 - 7th Annual Research Open House in the College of Textiles DA - 2009/4// ER - TY - CONF TI - Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Design C2 - 2009/5// C3 - Electrifying Trasportation Conference DA - 2009/5// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrocatalytic properties of Pt/carbon composite nanofibers AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Electrochimica Acta AB - Pt/carbon composite nanofibers were prepared by electrodepositing Pt nanoparticles directly onto electrospun carbon nanofibers. The morphology and size of Pt nanoparticles were controlled by the electrodeposition time. The resulting Pt/carbon composite nanofibers were characterized by running cyclic voltammograms in 0.20 M H2SO4 and 5.0 mM K4[Fe(CN)6] + 0.10 M KCl solutions. The electrocatalytic activities of Pt/carbon composite nanofibers were measured by the oxidation of methanol. Results show that Pt/carbon composite nanofibers possess the properties of high active surface area and fast electron transfer rate, which lead to a good performance towards the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol. It is also found that the Pt/carbon nanofiber electrode with a Pt loading of 0.170 mg cm−2 has the highest activity. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.07.022 VL - 54 IS - 27 SP - 7042-7047 UR - https://publons.com/publon/6540064/ KW - Electrospinning KW - Electrodeposition KW - Pt nanoparticles KW - Carbon nanofibers KW - Methanol ER - TY - CONF TI - Design and Synthesis of Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) C2 - 2009/4// C3 - 7th Annual Research Open House in the College of Textiles DA - 2009/4// ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Review of Pt Alloys and Carbon Nanotube/Nanofiber Supported Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - Journal of Energy Storage and Conversion DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 1 SP - 101-115 ER - TY - CONF TI - Polymer-Filled Nonwoven Membranes for Chemical Protection C2 - 2009/8// C3 - 2009 Fall American Chemistry Society National Meeting DA - 2009/8// ER - TY - CONF TI - Fabrication of Composite Nanofiber Anodes for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries C2 - 2009/5// C3 - 215th Electrochemical Society Meeting DA - 2009/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Fabrication of Composite Nanofiber Anodes for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries C2 - 2009/5// C3 - 215th Electrochemical Society Meeting DA - 2009/5// ER - TY - CONF TI - Fabrication of Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Tin (IV) Acetate and the Electrospinning Method C2 - 2009/7// C3 - The 8th Annual NC State University Undergraduate Summer Research Symposium DA - 2009/7// ER - TY - CONF TI - Electrospun Composite Nanofibers for Lithium-Ion Batteries C2 - 2009/10// C3 - AATCC Innovations in Functional Materials, Sports and Defense Technologies, and Composites/NTC Forum DA - 2009/10// ER - TY - CONF TI - Effects of Carbon Black and Current Rate on LiFePO4 Cathodes and Lithium-Ion Batteries C2 - 2009/8// C3 - NCSU Summer Research Program Meeting DA - 2009/8// ER - TY - CONF TI - Challenges in Advanced Nanofiber Wound Dressings C2 - 2009/10// C3 - AATCC Innovations in Functional Materials, Sports and Defense Technologies, and Composites/NTC Forum DA - 2009/10// ER - TY - CONF TI - Application of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Electrospun Functional Nanofibers C2 - 2009/11// C3 - Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology (CBD S&T) Conference DA - 2009/11// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Design for Six Sigma: Design and Development of an Equine Composite Flooring System AU - Wood, Jesse William DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Computing across curricula: The view of industry leaders AU - Wiebe, Eric AU - Ho, Chia-Lin AU - Raubenheimer, Dianne AU - Bullard, Lisa AU - Joines, Jeff AU - Miller, Carolyn AU - Rouskas, George T2 - American Society for Engineering Education C2 - 2009/// C3 - American Society for Engineering Education DA - 2009/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Applying Linear Regression and Neural Network Meta-Models for Evolutionary Algorithm Based Simulation Optimization AU - Propst, Michael David DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// ER - TY - CONF TI - AC 2009-676: COMPUTING ACROSS CURRICULA: THE VIEW OF INDUSTRY LEADERS AU - Wiebe, Eric AU - others C2 - 2009/// C3 - ASEE DA - 2009/// VL - 14 SP - 1 ER - TY - CONF TI - AC 2009-209: USING COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS TO ENHANCE PROBLEM SOLVING AU - Raubenheimer, Dianne AU - Joines, Jeff AU - Craig, Amy C2 - 2009/// C3 - ASEE DA - 2009/// VL - 14 SP - 1 ER - TY - BLOG TI - Simulation and Lean Six Sigma: Part 3 Defining Lean and Simulation, Success in Simulation AU - Joines, J.A. T2 - simio.biz DA - 2009/1/9/ PY - 2009/1/9/ UR - http://simio.biz/blog/2009/02/05/six-sigma-and-simulation-part-3/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Using Computational Tools to Enhance Problem Solving AU - Craig, A. AU - Joines, J.A. AU - Raubenheimer, D. T2 - American Society for Engineering Education International Conference C2 - 2009/// C3 - American Society for Engineering Education DA - 2009/// UR - http://soa.asee.org/paper/conference/paper-view.cfm?id=10163 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Integration of Computer Based Problem Solving Into Engineering Curricula AU - Brent, R. AU - Craig, A. AU - Joines, J. AU - Raubenheimer, D. T2 - Computers in Engineering Education Journal DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 19 IS - Jan-March ER - TY - JOUR TI - Key variables in the control of color in the textile supply chain AU - Cardenas, Lina Maria AU - Shamey, Renzo AU - Hinks, David T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLOTHING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AB - Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the key variables that determine the level of control of color in a typical textile supply chain, including lighting variability, color perception, and color measurement. Design/methodology/approach A fishbone diagram is used to demonstrate the wide range of variables that affect the control and communication of color within the textile supply chain. Findings It is important to identify the important parameters and variables that influence the control of color within various stages of the textile supply chain. In regard to visual assessment variability, the results obtained in an ongoing study at North Carolina State University based on the psychophysical testing of 50 observers demonstrate a statistical difference for visual judgments of small color differences between naïve and expert observers. Results of a paired t ‐test between the second and the third trial conducted by naïve observers indicate that the repetition of the visual observations significantly affects the assessment of small color differences. Research limitations/implications Assessment of lighting measurements of several stores in the USA demonstrate variability in lighting, with many stores having at least two different light sources. This variability, in combination with uncontrolled lighting from external windows and entrance/exit areas, can lead to significant variability in the color perception of textile garments displayed in such areas, and may lead to consumer experience being significantly different from that intended by the designer. Practical implications The optimization of variables that influence the assessment and communication of color is vital to achieving effective communication between all parties involved. This can significantly reduce costs and lead times resulting in improved competitiveness and cost efficiency associated with increased consumer satisfaction and confidence in the industry. Originality/value The repetition of visual observations significantly affects the assessment of small color differences. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1108/09556220910983759 VL - 21 IS - 5 SP - 256-269 SN - 1758-5953 KW - Colours technology KW - Textiles KW - Supply chain management ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prediction of depth of shade of a dyed polyester fabric based on fibre fineness and fabric structure AU - Li, Shiqi AU - Shamey, Renzo AU - Xu, Changhai T2 - COLORATION TECHNOLOGY AB - A colour prediction model containing four parameters of dye concentration, fibre fineness, fabric roughness and dye parameter is developed. The model can predict the shade depth of a dyed polyester fabric. The relationship among these factors and shade depths of dyed polyester fabrics was investigated to elucidate the role of fibre fineness and fabric structure on surface reflectance and colour efficiency. The shades of several additional dyed samples were measured and compared against the predicated values to validate the accuracy and performance of the model. The results showed that the predicated depths of shade matched the experimental data to a good extent. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1111/j.1478-4408.2009.00210.x VL - 125 IS - 5 SP - 296-303 SN - 1478-4408 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In-Situ Encapsulation of Nickel Particles in Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers and the Resultant Electrochemical Performance AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL AB - Loaded nanofibers: Ni nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofibers, which exhibit high reversible lithium-storage capacity, excellent cycling performance, and remarkably enhanced rate capability, are fabricated by using the electrospinning technique and the subsequent stabilization and carbonization processes (see figure). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1002/chem.200902012 VL - 15 IS - 41 SP - 10718-10722 SN - 1521-3765 UR - https://publons.com/publon/6540091/ KW - carbon nanofibers KW - electrospinning KW - nanoparticles KW - nickel KW - rechargeable lithium-ion batteries ER - TY - PAT TI - Fiber-based nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Holmes, R. AU - Little, T. J. C2 - 2009/// DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Porous carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile/SiO2 composites as an energy storage material AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - CARBON AB - Porous carbon nanofibers with large accessible surface areas and well-developed pore structures were prepared by electrospinning and subsequent thermal and chemical treatments. They were directly used as anodes in lithium-ion batteries without adding any non-active materials such as polymer binders or electronic conductors. The electrochemical performance results show that porous carbon nanofiber anodes have improved lithium-ion storage ability, enhanced charge–discharge kinetics, and better cyclic stability compared with non-porous counterparts. The unique structures and properties of these materials make them excellent candidates for use as anodes in high-performance rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. DA - 2009/11// PY - 2009/11// DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.08.002 VL - 47 IS - 14 SP - 3346-3354 SN - 1873-3891 UR - https://publons.com/publon/6540062/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers with dispersed Si nanoparticles and their electrochemical behaviors after carbonization AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Jung, Kyung-Hye AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AB - Si nanoparticle-incorporated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers are prepared using the electrospinning method and Si-filled carbon (Si/C) fibers are obtained by the subsequent heat treatment of these Si/PAN fibers. Their microstructures are characterized by various analytical techniques. It is found that Si nanoparticles are distributed both inside and on the surface of PAN fibers and this is preserved after the formation of Si/C fibers. The crystal structure characterization indicates that, in Si/C fibers, Si nanoparticles exist in a crystalline state while carbon is in a predominantly amorphous or disordered form. Si/C fibers show high reversible capacity and good capacity retention when tested as anodes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The excellent electrochemical performance of these fibers can be ascribed to the combined contributions of carbon matrices and Si nanoparticles, and the favorable textures and surface properties of the Si/C fibers. DA - 2009/7/28/ PY - 2009/7/28/ DO - 10.1039/b903165k VL - 19 IS - 28 SP - 4992-4997 SN - 1364-5501 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178352/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun carbon nanofibers containing silicon particles as an energy-storage medium AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - CARBON AB - A new energy-storage material has been developed by embedding Si nanoparticles as an alloying medium in electrospun carbon nanofibers. Anodes made from these carbon/Si composite nanofibers combine the advantages of both carbon (long cycle life) and Si (high lithium-storage capacity). They exhibit good electrochemical performance in terms of large reversible capacity, relatively good capacity retention and excellent rate capability upon insertion/extraction of lithium. As a result, they are promising anode candidates for storing energy in high performance batteries. DA - 2009/11// PY - 2009/11// DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.07.039 VL - 47 IS - 14 SP - 3219-3226 SN - 1873-3891 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178314/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - A realistic modeling of fluid infiltration in thin fibrous sheets AU - Jaganathan, Sudhakar AU - Tafreshi, Hooman Vahedi AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS AB - In this paper, a modeling study is presented to simulate the fluid infiltration in fibrous media. The Richards’ equation of two-phase flow in porous media is used here to model the fluid absorption in unsaturated/partially saturated fibrous thin sheets. The required consecutive equations, relative permeability, and capillary pressure as functions of medium’s saturation are obtained via fiber-level modeling and a long-column experiment, respectively. Our relative permeability calculations are based on solving the Stokes flow equations in partially saturated three-dimensional domains obtained by imaging the sheets’ microstructures. The Richards’ equation, together with the above consecutive correlations, is solved for fibrous media inclined with different angles. Simulation results are obtained for three different cases of upward, horizontal, and downward infiltrations. We also compared our numerical results with those of our long-column experiment and observed a good agreement. Moreover, we establish empirical coefficients for the semianalytical correlations previously proposed in the literature for the case of horizontal and downward infiltrations in thin fibrous sheets. DA - 2009/6/1/ PY - 2009/6/1/ DO - 10.1063/1.3141737 VL - 105 IS - 11 SP - SN - 1089-7550 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Towards Automation of Color/Weave Selection in Jacquard Design: Model Verification AU - Mathur, Kavita AU - Hinks, David AU - Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M. AU - Donaldson, Robert Alan T2 - COLOR RESEARCH AND APPLICATION AB - Abstract Jacquard woven fabrics are made from colored yarns and different weaves for designing complex pictorial and other patterning effects. The final visualized color effect is the result of assigning weave designs to different areas of the pattern to be created. The current practice in creating Jacquard woven fabric designs is to produce many samples in a trial‐and‐error attempt to match artwork colors. An ability to simulate accurately the appearance of a design prior to manufacture is highly desirable to reduce trial‐and‐error sample production. No automated accurate digital color methodology is yet available to assist designers in matching the patterned woven fabric to the desired artwork. To achieve this, we developed a geometrical model to predict the color contribution of each yarn on the face of the fabric. The geometrical model combined with a Kubelka‐Munk based color mixing model allowed the prediction of the reflectance properties of the final color for a given design. We compared the predicted and experimental values of the reflectance properties for a range of fabrics using the same geometric model with three separate color mixing models. The geometrical model combined with a log‐based color mixing model produced reasonable agreement between predicted and measured ΔE ab , with an average ΔE ab of approximately five. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 34, 225–232, 2009 DA - 2009/6// PY - 2009/6// DO - 10.1002/col.20494 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 225-232 SN - 0361-2317 KW - geometrical model KW - color mixing model KW - color prediction KW - Jacquard KW - color difference ER - TY - JOUR TI - Porous carbon nanofibers loaded with manganese oxide particles: Formation mechanism and electrochemical performance as energy-storage materials AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AB - Mn oxide-loaded porous carbon nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing different amounts of Mn(CH3COO)2, followed by thermal treatments in different environments. It is found that the manganese salt may transform into γ-Mn(OOH)2 or other Mn compounds during the thermal oxidation in air environment, while further thermal treatment in argon atmosphere results in MnO and Mn3O4 particles confined to a nanoporous carbon structure. Surface morphology, thermal properties and crystal structures are characterized using various analytical techniques to provide insight into the formation mechanism of the porous structure. These Mn oxide-loaded porous carbon composite nanofibers exhibit high reversible capacity, improved cycling performance, and elevated rate capability even at high current rates when used as anodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries without adding any polymer binder or electronic conductor. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1039/b905755b VL - 19 IS - 31 SP - 5593-5601 SN - 1364-5501 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178331/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun hydrophilic fumed silica/polyacrylonitrile nanofiber-based composite electrolyte membranes AU - Jung, Hong-Ryun AU - Ju, Dong-Hyuk AU - Lee, Wan-Jin AU - Zhang, Xiangwu AU - Kotek, Richard T2 - ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA AB - Hydrophilic fumed silica (SiO2)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite electrolyte membranes were prepared by electrospinning composite solutions of SiO2 and PAN in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Among electrospinning solutions with various SiO2 contents, the 12 wt% SiO2 in PAN solution has highest zeta potential (−40.82 mV), and exhibits the best dispersibility of SiO2 particles. The resultant 12 wt% SiO2/PAN nanofiber membrane has the smallest average fiber diameter, highest porosity, and largest specific surface area. In addition, this membrane has a three-dimensional network structure, which is fully interconnected with combined mesopores and macropores because of a good SiO2 dispersion. Composite electrolyte membranes were prepared by soaking these porous nanofiber membranes in 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:1 vol%). It is found that 12 wt% SiO2/PAN electrolyte membrane has the highest conductivity (1.1 × 10−2 S cm−1) due to the large liquid electrolyte uptake (about 490%). In addition, the electrochemical performance of composite electrolyte membranes is also improved after the introduction of SiO2. For initial cycle, 12 wt% SiO2/PAN composite electrolyte membrane delivers the discharge capacity of 139 mAh g−1 as 98% of theoretical value, and still retains a high value of 127 mAh g−1 as 89% at 150th cycle, which is significantly higher that of pure PAN nanofiber-based electrolyte membranes. DA - 2009/5/1/ PY - 2009/5/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.01.039 VL - 54 IS - 13 SP - 3630-3637 SN - 1873-3859 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178329/ KW - Composite polymer electrolyte KW - Electrospinning KW - Polyacrylonitrile KW - Fumed silica ER - TY - JOUR TI - Durable Hydrophobic Textile Fabric Finishing Using Silica Nanoparticles and Mixed Silanes AU - Roe, Barry AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL AB - Cotton fabric surface was treated with combinations of silica nanoparticles, silane hydrophobes, and silane crosslinkers to obtain durable hydrophobicity. Performance analysis was done by measuring the contact angle of water on the treated fabric surface. To evaluate the durability of the surface hydrophobicity, AATCC crocking and laundering tests were performed. Cotton fabrics with good hydrophobicity (contact angle = 139.1°) and excellent durability (e.g. 95% recovery of contact angle after laundering) were obtained when treated with Aerosil ® 90 nanoparticles, n-octyltrimethoxysilane, and bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane. This study demonstrated that the surface treatment using silica nanoparticles and mixed silanes is a promising alternative to fluoropolymer chemistry for achieving durable hydrophobic fabrics. DA - 2009/8// PY - 2009/8// DO - 10.1177/0040517508100184 VL - 79 IS - 12 SP - 1115-1122 SN - 1746-7748 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178317/ KW - fabric finishing KW - hydrophobicity KW - nanotechnology KW - silane KW - silica ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrodeposition of platinum nanoparticles onto carbon nanofibers for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - MATERIALS LETTERS AB - Pt/carbon composite nanofibers were prepared by electrodepositing Pt nanoparticles onto electrospun carbon nanofibers and were used as catalysts towards the oxidation of methanol. The morphology and size of Pt nanoparticles were controlled by selectively adjusting the electrodeposition potential and time. SEM and TEM results show that the composite nanofibers were successfully obtained and Pt particle diameters were between 10 and 55 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of the composite nanofibers expressed by current density per Pt particle mass was found to depend on the particle size, showing an increasing activity when the catalyst diameter decreased. DA - 2009/10/15/ PY - 2009/10/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.matlet.2009.07.005 VL - 63 IS - 24-25 SP - 2115-2118 SN - 1873-4979 UR - https://publons.com/publon/6540063/ KW - Electrodeposition KW - Electrospinning KW - Pt nanoparticles KW - Carbon nanofibers KW - Methanol ER - TY - JOUR TI - Devices for measuring electrostatic generation and dissipation on the surfaces of polymeric materials AU - Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M. AU - Cai, Yiyun AU - Oxenham, William T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - Abstract Dynamic electrostatic generation and dissipation on polymer surfaces are of great importance for materials such as yarns and films. To support fundamental research in this area, innovative devices and experimental techniques that can lead to a better understanding of these phenomena are of obvious academic and industrial interest. This paper reports the development of devices for testing the electrostatic generation/dissipation properties of polymer surfaces. These devices include a tester for assessing moving yarns, a high-resistance system to measure the yarn's linear resistance, a tester for evaluating stationary fabrics or films while rubbing against a moving surface and a contact charge tester for investigating charge generated by contacting of two surfaces. These devices enable the study of the influences of relative moving speed, yarn tension, electrostatic charge properties of yarns, as well as contact pressure, rubbing speed, number of rubbings or contacts on the static charge properties of films. Keywords: electrostaticsstatic charge generationstatic charge dissipationtriboelectrificationstatic charge measurementpolymer surface state Acknowledgements We thank the National Textile Center for funding this research work and Dr. Peter Castle for providing suggestion for the designing and constructing of Faraday tubes. DA - 2009/5// PY - 2009/5// DO - 10.1080/00405000701819840 VL - 100 IS - 4 SP - 338-349 SN - 1754-2340 KW - electrostatics KW - static charge generation KW - static charge dissipation KW - triboelectrification KW - static charge measurement KW - polymer surface state ER - TY - JOUR TI - An investigation of the radiative heat transfer through nonwoven fibrous materials AU - Qashou, I. AU - Tafreshi, H. V. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 9-15 ER - TY - JOUR TI - High surface area nonwovens via fibrillating spunbonded nonwovens comprising Islands-in-the-Sea bicomponent filaments: structure-process-property relationships AU - Durany, A. AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE DA - 2009/11// PY - 2009/11// DO - 10.1007/s10853-009-3841-9 VL - 44 IS - 21 SP - 5926-5934 SN - 1573-4803 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun composite poly(L-lactic acid)/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds induce proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells AU - McCullen, S. D. AU - Zhu, Y. AU - Bernacki, S. H. AU - Narayan, R. J. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. AU - Gorga, R. E. AU - Loboa, E. G. T2 - BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS AB - Development of tissue-engineered bone constructs has recently focused on the use of electrospun composite scaffolds seeded with stem cells from various source tissues. In this study, we fabricated electrospun composite scaffolds consisting of β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) crystals and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) at varying loading levels of TCP (0, 5, 10, 20 wt%) and assessed the composite scaffolds' material properties and ability to induce proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) in the presence of osteogenic differentiating medium. The electrospun scaffolds all exhibited a nonwoven structure with an interconnected porous network. With the addition of TCP, the fiber diameter increased with each treatment ranging from 503.39 ± 20.31 nm for 0 wt% TCP to 1267.36 ± 59.03 nm for 20 wt% TCP. Tensile properties of the composite scaffolds were assessed and the overall tensile strength of the neat scaffold (0 wt% TCP) was 847 ± 89.43 kPA; the addition of TCP significantly decreased this value to an average of 350.83 ± 38.57 kPa. As the electrospun composite scaffolds degraded in vitro, TCP was released into the medium with the largest release occurring within the first 6 days. Human ASCs were able to adhere, proliferate and osteogenically differentiate on all scaffold combinations. DNA content increased in a temporal manner for each scaffold over 18 days in culture although for the day 12 timepoint, the 10 wt% TCP scaffold induced the greatest hASC proliferation. Endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced on the composite PLA/TCP scaffolds compared to the PLA control particularly by day 18. It was noted that at the highest TCP loading levels of 10 and 20 wt%, there was a dramatic increase in the amount of cell-mediated mineralization compared to the 5 wt% TCP and the neat PLA scaffold. This work suggests that local environment cues provided by the biochemical nature of the scaffold can accelerate the overall osteogenic differentiation of hASCs and encourage rapid ossification. DA - 2009/6// PY - 2009/6// DO - 10.1088/1748-6041/4/3/035002 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - SN - 1748-605X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of a novel linear gray scale for visual assessment of small color differences AU - Cardenas, L. M. AU - Shamey, R. AU - Hinks, D. T2 - AATCC Review DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - 42-47 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Melt-Blowing Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Polyether-Block-Amide Elastomers: Effect of Processing Conditions and Crystallization on Web Properties AU - Begenir, Asli AU - Michielsen, Stephen AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE AB - Abstract Melt‐blown webs from ester and ether thermoplastic polyurethanes and polyether‐block‐amide (PEBA) elastomers were produced at different die‐to‐collector distances (DCD) to study the correlation between the polymer type and hardness, melt‐blowing process conditions, and web properties. An experimental set up was built to measure the air temperature and velocity profiles below and across the melt‐blowing die to correlate the fiber formation process and polymer crystallization behavior to process conditions and web properties. It was shown that air temperature and velocity profiles follow similar trends with increasing distance below the melt‐blowing die: both drop rapidly until reaching a plateau region approximately 5–6 cm below the die. Thereafter, they remain relatively constant with further increasing distance. It was found that crystallization onset and peak temperatures of all block copolymers in this study fall within this region of rapid velocity and temperature drop. This suggests that the polymers have already started to crystallize and solidify before reaching the collector, the extent of which depends on the crystallization kinetics of the polymer. The strong influence of the crystallization kinetics on web strength was clearly demonstrated in the PEBA series. In particular, the hardest grade produced the lowest web strength mainly because of its high crystallization rate and crystallization onset temperature. It is concluded that the melt‐blown web strength is strongly dependent on the degree of fiber‐to‐fiber adhesion within the web, which is determined by the amount of fiber solidification that occurs prior to the collector. The crystallization kinetics of the polymer and the distances traveled between the die and collector or the exposure time of the polymer melt to process and ambient air were shown to be critical in the amount of fiber solidification attained. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers DA - 2009/7// PY - 2009/7// DO - 10.1002/pen.21244 VL - 49 IS - 7 SP - 1340-1349 SN - 1548-2634 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fabrication of porous carbon/Si composite nanofibers as high-capacity battery electrodes AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS AB - Carbon/Si composite nanofibers with porous structures are prepared by electrospinning and subsequent carbonization processes. It is found that these porous composite nanofibers can be used as anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) without adding any binding or conducting additive. The resultant anodes exhibit good electrochemical performance; for example, a large discharge capacity of 1100 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 200 mA g−1. DA - 2009/6// PY - 2009/6// DO - 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.03.042 VL - 11 IS - 6 SP - 1146-1149 SN - 1873-1902 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178318/ KW - Electrospinning KW - Porous carbon nanofibers KW - Si nanoparticles KW - Lithium-ion batteries ER - TY - JOUR TI - Generation of activated carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile-zinc chloride composites for use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS AB - Activated carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with large surface areas and small pores were prepared by electrospinning and subsequent thermal and chemical treatments. These activated CNFs were examined as anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) without adding any non-active material. Their electrochemical behaviors show improved lithium-ion storage capability and better cyclic stability compared with unactivated counterparts. The results demonstrate that the unique structures and properties of these materials make them promising candidates as anodes in LIBs. DA - 2009/3// PY - 2009/3// DO - 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.01.018 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 684-687 SN - 1873-1902 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178330/ KW - Carbon nanofibers KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Electrospinning ER - TY - JOUR TI - Analytical expressions for predicting permeability of bimodal fibrous porous media AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Rahman, M. S. A. AU - Jaganathan, S. AU - Wang, Q. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE AB - Pressure drop is one of the most important characteristics of a fibrous media. While numerous analytical, numerical, and experimental published works are available for predicting the permeability of media made up of fibers with a unimodal fiber diameter distribution (referred to as unimodal media here), there are almost no easy-to-use expressions available for media with a bimodal fiber diameter distribution (referred to as bimodal media). In the present work, the permeability of bimodal media is calculated by solving the Stokes flow governing equations in a series of 3-D virtual geometries that mimic the microstructure of fibrous materials. These simulations are designed to establish a unimodal equivalent diameter for the bimodal media thereby taking advantage of the existing expressions of unimodal materials for permeability prediction. We evaluated eight different methods of defining an equivalent diameter for bimodal media and concluded that the area-weighted average diameter of Brown and Thorpe [2001. Glass-fiber filters with bimodal fiber size distributions. Powder Technology 118, 3–9], volume-weighted resistivity model of Clague and Phillips [1997. A numerical calculation of the hydraulic permeability of three dimensional disordered fibrous media. Physics of Fluids 9 (6), 1562–1572], and the cube root relation of the current paper offer the best predictions for the entire range of mass (number) fractions, 0⩽nc⩽1, with fiber diameter ratios, 1⩽Rcf⩽5, and solidities, 5⩽α⩽15. DA - 2009/3/16/ PY - 2009/3/16/ DO - 10.1016/j.ces.2008.11.013 VL - 64 IS - 6 SP - 1154-1159 SN - 0009-2509 KW - Bimodal media KW - Permeability modeling KW - Fibrous media KW - Filters ER - TY - JOUR TI - Manganese oxide nanoparticle-loaded porous carbon nanofibers as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS AB - Mn-based oxide-loaded porous carbon nanofiber anodes, exhibiting large reversible capacity, excellent capacity retention, and good rate capability, are fabricated by carbonizing electrospun polymer/Mn(CH3COO)2 composite nanofibers without adding any polymer binder or electronic conductor. The excellent electrochemical performance of these organic/inorganic nanocomposites is a result of the unique combinative effects of nano-sized Mn-based oxides and carbon matrices as well as the highly-developed porous composite nanofiber structure, which make them promising anode candidates for high-performance rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. DA - 2009/4// PY - 2009/4// DO - 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.01.039 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 795-798 SN - 1873-1902 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178338/ KW - Porous carbon nanofibers KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Electrospinning ER - TY - JOUR TI - Flexible, durable printed electrical circuits AU - Karaguzel, B. AU - Merritt, C. R. AU - Kang, T. AU - Wilson, J. M. AU - Nagle, H. T. AU - Grant, E. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE AB - This study investigates the screen printing of transmission lines into a variety of nonwoven substrates using different conductive inks for durable and wearable electronic textile applications. The viscosity of the ink dictated the performance of the printed media during washing trials. The printed inks begin to degrade and display lower conductivity after 25 wash cycles. A method to control the durability of the printed circuits, which includes coating of the printed lines with a meltblown layer, has been developed. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// DO - 10.1080/00405000802390147 VL - 100 IS - 1 SP - 1-9 SN - 1754-2340 KW - nonwovens KW - washability KW - electrical circuits KW - wearable electronics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fabrication of porous carbon nanofibers and their application as anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - NANOTECHNOLOGY AB - Porous carbon nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning of a bicomponent polymer solution, followed by thermal treatments under different atmospheres. The surface morphology, thermal properties, and crystalline features of these nanofibers were characterized using various analytic techniques, and it was found that they were formed with turbostratically disordered graphene sheets and had small pores and large surface areas. The unique structure of these porous carbon nanofibers resulted in good electrochemical performance such as high reversible capacity and good cycle stability when they were used as anodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. DA - 2009/4/15/ PY - 2009/4/15/ DO - 10.1088/0957-4484/20/15/155705 VL - 20 IS - 15 SP - SN - 1361-6528 UR - https://publons.com/publon/6110280/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fabrication of Carbon Fibers with Nanoporous Morphologies from Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile/Poly(L-lactide) Blends AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS AB - Abstract Porous carbon nanofibers were prepared through electrospinning a blend solution of polyacrylonitrile and poly( L ‐lactide), followed by carbonization at different temperatures and in different atmospheres. Structural features of these porous carbon nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray powder diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Surface area and pore structure were evaluated using the nitrogen adsorption technique. It was found that carbon fibers prepared by this scalable and relatively economical method exhibited a porous surface morphology with high specific surface area and large pore volume. The fiber diameter, surface area, pore volume, bulky crystalline structure, and surface crystalline structure of these carbon nanofibers showed a strong dependence on the polymer precursor composition and carbonization condition. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 493–503, 2009 DA - 2009/3/1/ PY - 2009/3/1/ DO - 10.1002/polb.21654 VL - 47 IS - 5 SP - 493-503 SN - 1099-0488 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178332/ KW - blends KW - carbonization KW - electrospinning KW - fibers KW - phase separation KW - polyacrylonitrile KW - poly(L-lactide) KW - porous carbon nanofibers ER - TY - JOUR TI - Durable nonwoven fabrics via fracturing bicomponent Islands-in-the-Sea filaments AU - Anantharamaiah, N. AU - Verenich, S. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - AATCC Review DA - 2009/// PY - 2009/// VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 41-47 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A study on compression-induced morphological changes of nonwoven fibrous materials AU - Jaganathan, S. AU - Tafreshi, H. Vahedi AU - Shim, E. AU - Pourdeyhimi, B. T2 - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS AB - Pore size is a characteristic parameter that is often defined for fibrous materials used in industrial applications. While there exist many available studies on the pore size distribution of different fibrous materials, the influence of compression load on pore size distribution has not been studied well. Studying the behavior of fibrous materials under compression is important especially because in many applications these materials are subjected to some degree of compression during use. In this work, we present a novel image-based modeling technique to study the changes in the pore size distribution of a fibrous material exposed to compressive load. This was made possible by building a miniature compression cell, and imaging the structure of a hydroentangled fabric under varying levels of compression. The 3D images obtained with Digital Volumetric Imaging were utilized to study the pore size distribution of the material and develop an empirical correlation as a function of compressive stress for these structures. This new correlation indicates that the mean pore diameter of a nonwoven material decreases exponentially with increasing the compressive stress. DA - 2009/4/1/ PY - 2009/4/1/ DO - 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.12.019 VL - 337 IS - 1-3 SP - 173-179 SN - 1873-4359 KW - Fibrous materials KW - Pore size distribution KW - Modeling KW - Compression KW - 3D imaging ER - TY - JOUR TI - Crystallization Behavior of Elastomeric Block Copolymers: Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Polyether-block-Amide AU - Begenir, Asli AU - Michielsen, Stephen AU - Pourdeyhimi, Behnam T2 - JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE AB - Abstract The isothermal crystallization kinetics of melt‐blown webs produced from a series of elastomeric block copolymers was studied through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Three hardness grades were selected for a polyester and a polyether Elastollan® thermoplastic polyurethane and Pebax® polyether‐ block ‐amide copolymers. The Avrami crystallization kinetics parameters, k and n , were derived from two different methods: (1) traditional Avrami model and (2) derivative of the Avrami model proposed by Kurajica et al. (Croat Chem Acta 2002, 75, 693). The kinetic parameters from both models were consistent and showed good correlation. For all polymer types and hardness grades, crystallization kinetics were interpreted with the derivative model (Kurijica et al.) since it could be directly fitted to untransformed DSC isothermal crystallization data, and thus reduces the errors involved in Avrami analysis. The values of the Avrami exponent, n ranged between 2.59 and 3.41, indicating similar nucleation and growth mechanisms. These n values and morphological observations indicate that crystallization occurs in these copolymers in three dimensions from pre‐existing nuclei and the crystals grow under isothermal conditions. This suggests that, in these elastomeric copolymers, crystallization of the hard segments drives microphase separation into crystalline and amorphous regions rather than formation of hard and soft domains. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 DA - 2009/2/5/ PY - 2009/2/5/ DO - 10.1002/app.29082 VL - 111 IS - 3 SP - 1246-1256 SN - 1097-4628 KW - polyurethane KW - crystallization KW - Avrami KW - thermoplastic elastomer ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electrospun polyacrylonitrile/zinc chloride composite nanofibers and their response to hydrogen sulfide AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Medford, Andrew J. AU - Zhang, Xiangwu T2 - POLYMER AB - In this work, we explore the electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/zinc(II) chloride (ZnCl2) composite nanofibers and the response of these nanofibers to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Solution properties, including surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity, have been measured and integrated with the results of a variety of other analytical techniques to investigate the effects of ZnCl2 salt on the structure and thermal properties of electrospun nanofibers. It is found that the addition of ZnCl2 reduces the diameter and inhibits the instantaneous cyclization reaction of these nanofibers. Additionally, exposing PAN/ZnCl2 fibers to H2S leads to the formation of PAN/zinc sulfide (ZnS) composite nanofibers that contain ZnS crystals on the surface. These results indicate that PAN/ZnCl2 composite nanofibers could find applications in H2S sensing and removal, or as precursors for semiconductor ZnS-coated polymer nanofibers. DA - 2009/1/16/ PY - 2009/1/16/ DO - 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.11.016 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 605-612 SN - 1873-2291 UR - https://publons.com/publon/7178383/ KW - Electrospinning KW - Polyacrylonitrile KW - Zinc(II) chloride ER -