The challenge in energy depletion and environmental pollution urgently demands green and sustainable materials as a new material application platform. Nanocellulose (NC) derived from abundant and renewable resources has been considered as a versatile and sustainable substrate and scaffold to engage various applications. Recently, design and fabricate conductive polymers (CPs)/NC composites as functional electronic devices have received tremendous attention. In this mini review, we start with a brief introduction about the category of nanocellulose, CPs and the preparation strategy of CPs/NC conducive composites followed by discussing the factors that determine the electrical conductivity. Then, we reviewed different CPs/NC composites systems and cited representative electronic application examples including sensors, supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries. Finally, we proposed current challenges, existing problems and further perspectives and opportunities of CPs/NC conductive composites.