Holographic silver nanogratings on the surface and within the volume, which have significant potential for data storage applications, are generated in silver chloride (AgCl) waveguides using a single laser beam exposure. This formation process leverages the interference between the polarized incident wave and the TEm modes propagating inside the AgCl waveguide. These plasmonic nanogratings are anisotropic nanostructures, demonstrating intriguing optical traits such as wavelength-specific linear dichroism and birefringence. The observed linear dichroism and birefringence in the holographic silver nanograting can modify the optical rotation and ellipticity of a probe beam traversing this anisotropic medium. Notably, volume holographic nanogratings function as complex nanogratings with a periodicity exceeding that of the incident wavelength. As a result, upon exposure, these complex nanogratings exhibit discernible light diffraction, while the surface holographic nanogratings do not show any diffraction pattern. Additionally, as the AgCl film thickness is increased and more complex nanogratings are formed within the AgCl waveguides, there is a noted reduction in the resulting birefringence.