<h2>Abstract</h2> <i>Ctenocephalides felis</i>, the cat flea, is among the most prevalent and widely dispersed vectors worldwide. Unfortunately, research on <i>C. felis</i> and associated pathogens (<i>Bartonella</i> and <i>Rickettsia</i> spp.) lags behind that of other vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Therefore, we aimed to review fundamental aspects of <i>C. felis</i> as a vector (behavior, epidemiology, phylogenetics, immunology, and microbiome composition) with an emphasis on key techniques and research avenues employed in other vector species. Future laboratory <i>C. felis</i> experimental infections with <i>Bartonella, Rickettsia</i>, and <i>Wolbachia</i> species/strains should examine the vector–pathogen interface utilizing contemporary visualization, transcriptomic, and gene-editing techniques. Further environmental sampling will inform the range and prevalence of <i>C. felis</i> and associated pathogens, improving the accuracy of vector and pathogen modeling to improve infection/infestation risk assessment and diagnostic recommendations.