2024 journal article

Mixed-mode size-exclusion silica resin for polishing human antibodies in flow-through mode

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A, 1720.

By: J. Lebarre n, W. Chu n, S. Altern*, A. Kocot*, D. Bhandari, E. Barbieri, J. Sly, M. Crapanzano ...

author keywords: Antibody fragments; Product polishing; Mixed -mode ligands; Silica resin; Flow -through chromatography
Source: Web Of Science
Added: April 29, 2024

The polishing step in the downstream processing of therapeutic antibodies removes residual impurities from Protein A eluates. Among the various classes of impurities, antibody fragments are especially challenging to remove due to the broad biomolecular diversity generated by a multitude of fragmentation patterns. The current approach to fragment removal relies on ion exchange or mixed-mode adsorbents operated in bind-and-gradient-elution mode. However, fragments that bear strong similarity to the intact product or whose biophysical features deviate from the ensemble average can elude these adsorbents, and the lack of a chromatographic technology enabling robust antibody polishing is recognized as a major gap in downstream bioprocessing. Responding to this challenge, this study introduces size-exclusion mixed-mode silica (SEMM-silica) resins as a novel chromatographic adsorbent for the capture of antibody fragments irrespective of their biomolecular features. The pore diameter of the silica beads features a narrow distribution and is selected to exclude monomeric antibodies, while allowing their fragments to access the pores where they are captured by the mixed-mode ligands. The static and dynamic binding capacity of the adsorbent ranged respectively between 30-45 and 25-33 grams of antibody fragments per liter of resin. Selected SEMM-silica resins also demonstrated the ability to capture antibody aggregates, which adsorb on the outer layer of the beads. Optimization of the SEMM-silica design and operation conditions – namely, pore size (10 nm) and ligand composition (quaternary amine and alkyl chain) as well as the linear velocity (100 cm/h), ionic strength (5.7 mS/cm), and pH (7) of the mobile phase – afforded a significant reduction of both fragments and aggregates, resulting into a final antibody yield up to 80% and monomeric purity above 97%.