2023 journal article
Comparing Inoculation Methods of <i>Clavibacter nebraskensis</i> on Corn (<i>Zea mays</i>) Under Greenhouse Conditions
Plant Health Progress.
Goss's bacterial wilt and leaf blight of corn ( Zea mays L.), caused by Clavibacter nebraskensis, is one of the top yield-reducing corn diseases in the Northern Great Plains. Efficient and repeatable inoculation methods in the greenhouse are needed to further understand disease development and host resistance. Although several inoculation methods have been reported, a direct comparison among them in the greenhouse has not been conducted. A greenhouse study was conducted to compare established methods for time to inoculate, disease incidence, and lesion development. The methods evaluated included creating wounds with scissors, pin-prick tools, sandpaper, or carborundum, and bacteria were introduced to wounds by spraying, immersion, sponge, or syringe. Leaf tip removal with scissors and dipping the newly injured leaf in bacterial suspension (tip-removal method) resulted in the fastest inoculation time (24 s), greatest disease incidence (>80%), and fastest lesion development among methods tested. Most other methods had similar disease development but varied in their success rate (incidence). These results will aid researchers in selecting inoculation methods to address research objectives on Goss's wilt in the greenhouse.