2020 article

Maternal Autogenous Inactivated Virus Vaccination Boosts the Piglet Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity to PRRSV via Transfer of Neutralizing Antibodies and Interferon-Gamma Producing B Cells

Kick, A. R., Wolfe, Z. C., Amaral, A. F., Cortes, L. M., Almond, G. W., Crisci, E., … Käser, T. (2020, December 3). (Vol. 12). Vol. 12.

By: A. Kick  n, Z. Wolfe n, A. Amaral  n, L. Cortes  n, G. Almond n, E. Crisci  n, P. Gauger *, J. Pittman, T. Käser  n

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that maternal AIV vaccination can improve protection of pre-weaning piglets against PRRSV-2 and shows the importance of transferring neutralizing antibodies to piglets; and it introduces two novel immune cell subsets in pigs. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: December 3, 2020

Maternal-derived immunity is a critical component for survival and success of offspring in pigs to protect from circulating pathogens like Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-2). The purpose of this study was to investigate the transfer of anti-PRRSV immunity to piglets from gilts that received modified-live virus (MLV) alone (TRT 0), or in combination with one of two autogenous inactivated vaccines (AIVs, TRT 1+2). Piglets from these gilts were challenged with the autogenous PRRSV-2 strain at two weeks of age and their adaptive immune response (IR) was evaluated until 4 weeks post inoculation (wpi). The systemic humoral and cellular IR was analyzed in the pre-farrow gilts, and in piglets, pre-inoculation, and at 2- and 4-wpi. Both AIVs partially protected the piglets with reduced lung pathology and increased weight gain; TRT 1 also lowered piglet viremia best explained by the AIV-induced production of neutralizing antibodies in gilts and their transfer to the piglets. In piglets, pre-inoculation, the main systemic IFN-γ producers were CD21α+ B cells. From 0 to 4 wpi, the role of these B cells declined and CD4 T cells became the primary systemic IFN-γ producers. In lungs, CD8 T cells were the primary and CD4 T cells the secondary IFN-γ producers including a novel subset of porcine CD8α-CCR7- CD4 T cells, potentially terminally differentiated CD4 TEMRA cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that maternal AIV vaccination can improve protection of pre-weaning piglets against PRRSV-2; it shows the importance of transferring neutralizing antibodies to piglets; and it introduces two novel immune cell subsets in pigs – IFN-γ producing CD21α+ B cells and CD8α-CCR7- CD4 T cells.