2022 journal article
ARES: Persistently Secure Non-Volatile Memory with Processor-transparent and Hardware-friendly Integrity Verification and Metadata Recovery
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON EMBEDDED COMPUTING SYSTEMS, 21(1).
Emerging byte-addressable Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technology, although promising superior memory density and ultra-low energy consumption, poses unique challenges to achieving persistent data privacy and computing security, both of which are critically important to the embedded and IoT applications. Specifically, to successfully restore NVMs to their working states after unexpected system crashes or power failure, maintaining and recovering all the necessary security-related metadata can severely increase memory traffic, degrade runtime performance, exacerbate write endurance problem, and demand costly hardware changes to off-the-shelf processors.