2022 article
Trunk-dominant and classic facial pemphigus foliaceus in dogs - comparison of anti-desmocollin-1 and anti-desmoglein-1 autoantibodies and clinical presentations
Bizikova, P., Linder, K. E., & Mamo, L. B. (2022, June 7). VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY.
MeSH headings : Animals; Autoantibodies; Desmoglein 1; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / veterinary; Immunoglobulin G; Pemphigus / diagnosis; Pemphigus / veterinary
TL;DR:
Footpad involvement and grouped/polycyclic lesion organisation were identified as features of both PF phenotypes, and not of SP, and the ability to detect anti-DSC1 IgG is lower in trunk-dominant PF, yet despite the lower sensitivity, the positive predictive value and accuracy of this particular anti- DSC1 igG test are high.
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3. Good Health and Well-being
(Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: June 20, 2022
AbstractBackgroundCanine trunk‐dominant pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is mentioned rarely in the literature.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to provide clinical description of trunk‐dominant PF and to demonstrate the prevalence of serum antikeratinocyte, anti‐desmocollin‐1 (DSC1) and anti‐desmoglein‐1 (DSG1) antibodies, and determine their diagnostic value in this particular PF phenotype.Materials and methodsClinically relevant information was collected from 31, 25 and 34 dogs with trunk‐dominant and facial PF and superficial pyoderma (SP), respectively. Sera from these dogs were tested for antikeratinocyte, anti‐DSC1 and anti‐DSG1 antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence on canine tissues and DSC1‐ and DSG1‐transfected cells. Sera from healthy dogs and dogs with clinically irrelevant diseases served as controls.ResultsFootpad involvement and grouped/polycyclic lesion organisation were identified as features of both PF phenotypes, and not of SP. Antikeratinocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)G was not specific for canine PF. By contrast, antigen‐specific IgG was detected only in PF sera; anti‐DSC1 IgG in 100% and 58% of dogs with facial and trunk‐dominant PF, respectively, and anti‐DSG1 IgG in 7% of dogs with trunk‐dominant PF only.ConclusionsTrunk‐dominant PF shares DSC1 as a major autoantigen with facial PF. The ability to detect anti‐DSC1 IgG is lower in trunk‐dominant PF, yet despite the lower sensitivity, the positive predictive value and accuracy of this particular anti‐DSC1 IgG test are high. A negative test result, however, cannot exclude the diagnosis, and characteristic clinical features such as footpad involvement and/or grouped/polycyclic lesions must be considered when distinguishing trunk‐dominant PF from its most relevant differential diagnosis: SP.