2017 journal article

Maintenance Fluid Therapy Isotonic Versus Hypotonic Solutions

VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, 47(2), 383-+.

co-author countries: United States of America πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ
author keywords: Intravenous fluids; Hyponatremia; Volume overload; Tonicity; Maintenance requirements
MeSH headings : Anesthesia; Animals; Cat Diseases / therapy; Cats; Dog Diseases / therapy; Dogs; Fluid Therapy / methods; Fluid Therapy / veterinary; Homeostasis; Hyponatremia / therapy; Hyponatremia / veterinary; Hypotonic Solutions / pharmacology; Isotonic Solutions / pharmacology; Water-Electrolyte Balance / physiology
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

The goal of maintenance fluid therapy in small animals is to replace normal ongoing losses of water and salts when oral intake is withheld. Hospitalized dogs and cats may have multiple stimuli for antidiuretic hormone release that disrupt normal osmoregulation and predispose to water retention. Severe illness promotes retention of both sodium and water as edema. Commercially available fluids have electrolyte concentrations that are very different from dietary maintenance requirements, and potential consequences include development of hypoosmolality, edema, or both when excesses of water or sodium are administered. Suggestions for tailoring fluid administration toward specific goals are provided.