@article{jaworski_stojek_osteryoung_2003, title={Oxidation of mercury microelectrodes in complexing media in the presence and absence of supporting electrolyte: Formation of thiocyanate complexes}, volume={558}, ISSN={["0022-0728"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00389-9}, abstractNote={Normal pulse- and staircase-voltammetric oxidation of a mercury microelectrode in thiocyanate media both with and without supporting electrolyte was investigated. An equation describing the normal pulse voltammetric limiting currents flowing through a nearly spherical segment microelectrode was developed theoretically and verified experimentally. The diffusion coefficients of mercury(II) complexes containing different numbers of the thiocyanate anions were determined. A general time-dependent digital simulation scheme was developed for calculating the current for the oxidation of mercury(0) in the presence of ligands and excess supporting electrolyte and for any pulse voltammetric technique. The time-dependent mass balance equation recently developed for a system, in which diffusion coefficients of reactant and products are different, was applied. A brief review was given on the standard potentials of various mercury systems available in the literature. A general procedure for the evaluation of the stability constants of metal complexes based on the shape of the voltammograms was described and applied to the case of thiocyanato complexes of Hg(II). The stability constant results agreed well with those of Nyman and Alberts [Anal. Chem. 32 (1960) 207]. Also discussed was the determination of the formation constant β1 for Hg(SCN)+.}, journal={JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Jaworski, A and Stojek, Z and Osteryoung, JG}, year={2003}, month={Oct}, pages={141–153} }
 @article{jaworski_osteryoung_2001, title={General time-dependent mass balance equation}, volume={498}, ISSN={["0022-0728"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00219-9}, abstractNote={Mass balance equations at the electrode surface, for the case of time-dependent geometry of the depletion layer, that are valid for any stoichiometry and any value of diffusion coefficients, are formulated and evaluated. Analysis of the errors identifies a simple, general mass balance equation. Errors due to application of the general mass balance equation for mixed diffusion within the entire depletion layer are determined also. The focus is on mixed planar and spherical diffusion.}, number={1-2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Jaworski, A and Osteryoung, JG}, year={2001}, month={Feb}, pages={44–50} }
 @article{aoki_baars_jaworski_osteryoung_1999, title={Chronoamperometry of strong acids without supporting electrolyte}, volume={472}, ISSN={["1873-2569"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00252-1}, abstractNote={The steady-state reduction current of the hydrogen ion in a 1:1 strong acid without adding supporting electrolyte at a microelectrode is known to be independent of the diffusion coefficient of the anion, although the anion diffuses to the electrode together with the hydrogen ion in order to maintain electroneutrality. This paper aims at resolving this inconsistency of the diffusion of the anion by investigating transient reduction currents of the hydrogen ion without supporting electrolyte. The time-dependent diffusion equation associated with migration was solved under the condition of the potential step toward the limiting current-domain at a hemi-spherical electrode. The theoretical transient current has a linear relation with the inverse square root of the time. The anion behaves as if it were electroactive. The slope of the line is expressed by an average of diffusion coefficients of the hydrogen ion and the interacted anion. Chronoamperometric measurements were made in hydrochloric acid including various concentrations of supporting electrolyte.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Aoki, K and Baars, A and Jaworski, A and Osteryoung, J}, year={1999}, month={Aug}, pages={1–6} }
 @article{jaworski_donten_stojek_osteryoung_1999, title={Conditions of strict voltammetric reversibility of the H+/H-2 couple at platinum electrodes}, volume={71}, ISSN={["1520-6882"]}, DOI={10.1021/ac9804240}, abstractNote={Cyclic voltammetric curves obtained at Pt electrodes for the hydrogen couple, H(+)/H(2), fit very well the Shuman theory, as corrected, for reversible electrode processes of other than 1:1 stoichiometry. Good agreement was obtained for acid concentrations in the millimolar range and for normal scan rates, which minimize the effect of the adsorption peaks. An error in Shuman's equation for potential is corrected. Voltammograms obtained at Pt microelectrodes fit well the theoretical simulated data.}, number={1}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Jaworski, A and Donten, M and Stojek, Z and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1999}, month={Jan}, pages={243–246} }
 @article{ciszkowska_osteryoung_1999, title={Counterion diffusion reveals coil-to-helix transition in a polyelectrolyte}, volume={121}, ISSN={["1520-5126"]}, DOI={10.1021/ja983607c}, abstractNote={ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCounterion Diffusion Reveals Coil-to-Helix Transition in a PolyelectrolyteMalgorzata Ciszkowska and Janet G. OsteryoungView Author Information Departments of Chemistry Brooklyn College, The City University of New York Brooklyn, New York 11210-2889 North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 7, 1617–1618Publication Date (Web):February 4, 1999Publication History Received14 October 1998Published online4 February 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ja983607cCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (39 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Counterions,Diffusion,Electrolytes,Ions,Transport properties Get e-Alerts}, number={7}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Ciszkowska, M and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1999}, month={Feb}, pages={1617–1618} }
 @article{jaworski_donten_stojek_osteryoung_1999, title={Migration and diffusion coupled with a fast preceding reaction. Voltammetry at a microelectrode}, volume={71}, ISSN={["0003-2700"]}, DOI={10.1021/ac980425s}, abstractNote={A mathematical model implemented by simulation is presented for voltammetry of a reversible couple that involves a fast preceding chemical reaction and mixed diffusional and migrational transport. The hydrogen couple, H(+)/H(2), fulfills the above criteria. For strong acids there is no preceding reaction, whereas for weak acids the preceding reaction is HA = H(+) + A(-). The computed voltammograms are compared with experimental voltammograms for the reduction of strong and weak acids at Pt microelectrodes with excess of and without supporting electrolyte. The key assumption in the calculations is that the flux of hydrogen ion is independent of the anion. This assumption is supported by the experimental fact that the wave heights in the absence of supporting electrolyte of several strong acids of equal concentration and with anions of various size are identical.}, number={1}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Jaworski, A and Donten, M and Stojek, Z and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1999}, month={Jan}, pages={167–173} }
 @article{jaworski_osteryoung_donten_stojek_1999, title={The strength of acids in alcohols as determined by steady-state voltammetry}, volume={71}, ISSN={["0003-2700"]}, DOI={10.1021/ac9814593}, abstractNote={Steady-state voltammograms for reduction of acids of various strengths in alcohols with excess supporting electrolyte and without any supporting electrolyte can be used to infer charge type and strength of the acid on the basis of the phenomenon of migration. For strong and moderately weak acids (K(a)/[Formula: see text] > 10(-)(3)) in alcohols, the ratio of steady-state transport-limited current to diffusion-limited current, corrected appropriately for ion-ion interactions, the presence of ionic impurities, and changes in viscosity, for hydrogen ion reduction without supporting electrolyte and with excess supporting electrolyte equals 2. For acetic acid, which is very weak (K(a)/[Formula: see text] < 10(-)(6)), the value of the steady-state transport-limited current is, under the experimental conditions applied here, independent of supporting electrolyte concentration. In the case of a homogeneous acid-base equilibrium, a novel analytical procedure yields diffusion coefficients of both hydrogen ion and undissociated weak acid molecules from the diffusional and migrational currents. Limiting currents obtained in alcohols with excess supporting electrolyte and without supporting electrolyte are compared by means of an extended formula that incorporates the ionic strength dependence of diffusion coefficients.}, number={17}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Jaworski, A and Osteryoung, JG and Donten, M and Stojek, Z}, year={1999}, month={Sep}, pages={3853–3861} }
 @article{wang_issaev_osteryoung_1998, title={A novel gold electroplating system: Gold(I)-iodide-thiosulfate}, volume={145}, ISSN={["0013-4651"]}, DOI={10.1149/1.1838374}, abstractNote={The electrodeposition of gold from a new electroplating system for gold that contains iodide and thiosulfate has been studied using rotating disk voltammetry. The cathodic electron transfer is slow, with a transfer coefficient of α = 0.76 ± 0.02, and is coupled with a preceding chemical reaction, the formation of the complex ion Au(S 2 O 3 ) 2 3 . The magnitude of the current contribution from the chemical step can be made negligible by using high concentrations of thiosulfate and by the proper choice of supporting electrolyte. High quality gold deposits with a very high aspect ratio have been obtained through a photoresist mask from this plating bath under optimized conditions. The choice of univalent salt as supporting electrolyte affects markedly the electroreduction of Au(I).}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Wang, XP and Issaev, N and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1998}, month={Mar}, pages={974–981} }
 @article{roberts_sierzputowska-gracz_stejskal_osteryoung_1998, title={Determination of Li+ self-diffusion coefficients in an aqueous suspension of sulfonated polystyrene latex by pulsed-field-gradient, spin-echo NMR}, volume={102}, number={40}, journal={Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical}, author={Roberts, J. M. and Sierzputowska-Gracz, H. and Stejskal, E. O. and Osteryoung, J. G.}, year={1998}, pages={7735–7739} }
 @article{aoki_roberts_osteryoung_1998, title={Electrostatic immobilization of hydrogen ion on latex}, volume={14}, ISSN={["0743-7463"]}, DOI={10.1021/la9709958}, abstractNote={When alkali metal counterions of sulfonated polystyrene latex particles (spheres with radius a) were replaced by hydrogen ion, the voltammetric current for reduction of the hydrogen ion without supporting electrolyte was only a few percent of the bulk-diffusion current of the equivalent concentration of hydrogen ion. The steady-state current at microelectrodes is much smaller than the diffusion current of completely dissociated hydrogen ion (property of a strong acid) and is much larger than the current by diffusion of the latex (property of a weak acid). The Debye−Huckel theory applied to the latex system predicts only the voltammetric property of a weak acid. We propose a model of a rigid spherical unit cell, in which a latex particle is surrounded with Z hydrogen ions that obey the Poisson−Boltzmann (PB) equation without the electrostatic effect from the other latex particles. Linearization of the PB equation does not give satisfactory solutions, whereas numerical calculation without the linearization ...}, number={16}, journal={LANGMUIR}, author={Aoki, K and Roberts, JM and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1998}, month={Aug}, pages={4445–4450} }
 @article{roberts_jj o'dea_osteryoung_1998, title={Methods for determining the intrinsic and effective charges on spherical macroions}, volume={70}, ISSN={["1520-6882"]}, DOI={10.1021/ac971364l}, abstractNote={The intrinsic number of charges per particle, Z, on particles in a suspension of monodisperse sulfonated polystyrene latex is found by measuring steady-state voltammetric transport-limited currents for the reduction of hydrogen counterion at a Pt disk microelectrode in a suspension containing excess supporting electrolyte. Limiting currents measured in deionized latex suspensions yield a corresponding effective charge, Z*. Electrostatic binding of an inner layer of counterions to the particle renders Z* < Z. Voltammetrically determined charges agree with the intrinsic and effective Stokes charges as determined by titration and electrophoresis, respectively. ζ- Potentials calculated from the measured electrophoretic mobility of the particles yield the Loeb charge number, which agrees more closely with Z than with Z*. For existing data on spherically charged macroions, Z*/Z decreases with increasing ratio of intrinsic charge to macroion radius, Z/a. This finding is supported by effective charge values calculated from the cell model using the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation with the convention that Z* is the charge found between the c(r)/ 〈c〉 = 1 boundary and the cell wall.}, number={17}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Roberts, JM and JJ O'Dea and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1998}, month={Sep}, pages={3667–3673} }
 @article{xu_o'dea_osteryoung_1998, title={Surface reduction study of monoazo dyes by adsorptive square wave voltammetry}, volume={19}, number={7}, journal={Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities}, author={Xu, G. and O'Dea, J. J. and Osteryoung, J. G.}, year={1998}, pages={1032–1039} }
 @article{ciszkowska_osteryoung_1998, title={Transport of probe ions in solutions of biological polyelectrolytes}, volume={102}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical}, author={Ciszkowska, M. and Osteryoung, J. G.}, year={1998}, pages={291–297} }
 @article{roberts_linse_osteryoung_1998, title={Voltammetric studies of counterion diffusion in the monodisperse sulfonated polystyrene latex}, volume={14}, number={1}, journal={Langmuir}, author={Roberts, J. M. and Linse, P. and Osteryoung, J. G.}, year={1998}, pages={204–213} }
 @article{osteryoung_wikiel_1997, title={Determination of salmon calcitonin by square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry}, volume={351}, ISSN={["1873-4324"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0003-2670(97)00356-5}, abstractNote={Abstract Salmon calcitonin (SC) was characterized voltammetrically at a mercury electrode by means of cyclic and square wave voltammetry. The voltammetric behavior of SC resembles the voltammetry of other biologically active compounds containing disulfide group(s). The existence of a well shaped peak due to reduction of adsorption SC was exploited to yield a sensitive analytical method for determination of SC concentration. Square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry allows determination of SC at nanomolar levels.}, number={1-3}, journal={ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA}, author={Osteryoung, JG and Wikiel, KJ}, year={1997}, month={Sep}, pages={65–71} }
 @article{schmidt_donten_osteryoung_1997, title={Gold electrocrystallization on carbon and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite from concentrated solutions of LiCl}, volume={144}, ISSN={["0013-4651"]}, DOI={10.1149/1.1837736}, abstractNote={The early stages of the electrolytic deposition of gold on carbon electrodes from concentrated LiCl electrolytes have been investigated by voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and microscopy. The analysis of current-time transients according to existing theories indicates that this process occurs by multiple three-dimensional nucleation, followed by diffusion-controlled growth of nuclei. Diffusion coefficients calculated on the basis of nucleation theory were found to be higher than those Irom rotating disk experiments (RDE), suggesting that gold species are adsorbed on the electrode surface. Gold nucleation from 6 M LiCl cannot be classified as either instantaneous or progressive nucleation. The kinetic parameters for nucleation, aN o (nucleation rate) and N o (number density of active sites on the substrate surface), were estimated by using a general Poisson nucleation law. Both quantities were found to vary with potential and with concentration of gold. The potential dependence of the nucleation rate, aN o , was interpreted according to classical and atomistic theory. For low gold concentrations, where adsorption of AuCl or AuCl 3 might occur prior to nucleation, the number of atoms in the critical nucleus (N c ) was less than unity over the entire potential range analyzed. For high gold concentrations the number of atoms forming the critical nucleus depends on overpotential. In all solutions studied nucleation takes place on a limited number of active sites}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Schmidt, U and Donten, M and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1997}, month={Jun}, pages={2013–2021} }
 @article{schmidt_osteryoung_1997, title={Reduction of gold in concentrated LiCl}, volume={144}, ISSN={["0013-4651"]}, DOI={10.1149/1.1837964}, abstractNote={Reduction of gold from concentrated solutions of LiCl containing low gold concentration was investigated using electrochemical and microscopic techniques. Cyclic voltammetric measurements in solutions containing 0.5 mM Au in 6 M LiCl show two reduction peaks on both platinum and HOPG electrodes, indicating that the reduction of gold occurs in two steps. Chronocoulometric measurements on platinum electrodes give evidence of a two-electron reaction in the region of the first reduction peak, whereas in the region of second peak a three-electron reaction is approached. The morphology of deposited gold on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates from solutions containing 5 . 10 -4 M AuCl 4 - in 6 M LiCl was characterized using in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In situ STM images in the potential range of the first reduction peak show the formation of gold clusters weakly bound to the HOPG substrate. In the region of the second reduction peak an increase in the z-range of the STM images was observed due to the formation of the three-dimensional gold bulk phase. However no stable gold clusters could be imaged in situ in this potential range due to reproportionation of freshly deposited gold and Au(III) from the electrolyte to form Au(I).}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Schmidt, UC and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1997}, month={Sep}, pages={3091–3095} }
 @article{xie_osteryoung_1997, title={The coupling of diffusion, migration and chemical equilibrium during the voltammetric reduction of weak polyprotic acids}, volume={439}, ISSN={["0022-0728"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0022-0728(97)00381-1}, abstractNote={A theoretical model is presented for the coupling of diffusion, migration and chemical equilibrium during the voltammetric reduction of weak polyprotic acids. The dissociation reaction of a neutral acid is assumed to influence only the apparent diffusion coefficients of the hydrogen ion and its conjugate base anions. For typical values of equilibrium constants of dissociation reactions and analytical concentration, polyprotic acids behave as either monoprotic acids or diprotic acids, which agrees well with experimental results. A semi-quantitative explanation based on a diffusion layer treatment is proposed for this phenomenon. It is also shown that the ratio of limiting current at low concentration of supporting electrolyte to diffusion-limited current depends on the initial equilibrium concentrations of all species in the solution but not on the kinetics of the dissociation reactions. Furthermore the movement of the uncharged species (the neutral acid) can be influenced by an electric field through the coupling effected by the chemical equilibrium.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Xie, YW and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1997}, month={Dec}, pages={163–171} }
 @article{ciszkowska_jaworski_osteryoung_1997, title={Voltammetric reduction of hydrogen ion in solutions of polyprotic strong acids with and without supporting electrolyte}, volume={423}, ISSN={["0022-0728"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0022-0728(96)04788-2}, abstractNote={Voltammetric reduction of strong polyprotic acids in solutions with excess and without supporting electrolyte was studied both theoretically and experimentally. A theoretical model based on the transport (diffusion and migration) equations and the electroneutrality principle was used to compute voltammograms by finite difference simulation under both steady state and transient conditions. Simulated voltammograms are compared with experimental reduction curves obtained at platinum microelectrodes without and with excess electrolyte for two strong polyprotic acids, sulfuric (H2SO4) and tungstosilicic (H4W12SiO40) acids. Perchloric acid (HClO4) was used as the reference for comparison. The experimental results agree well with the calculated voltammetric curves both without and with excess supporting electrolyte. The dependence of voltammetric response on the concentration of acids is also discussed.}, number={1-2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, author={Ciszkowska, M and Jaworski, A and Osteryoung, JG}, year={1997}, month={Feb}, pages={95–101} }