@article{knappe_snoeyink_roche_prados_bourbigot_1999, title={Atrazine removal by preloaded GAC}, volume={91}, ISSN={["0003-150X"]}, DOI={10.1002/j.1551-8833.1999.tb08719.x}, abstractNote={Utilities can use predictions of remaining GAC life to develop a GAC regeneration or replacement schedule.}, number={10}, journal={JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION}, author={Knappe, DRU and Snoeyink, VL and Roche, P and Prados, MJ and Bourbigot, MM}, year={1999}, month={Oct}, pages={97–109} }
 @article{knappe_matsui_snoeyink_roche_prados_bourbigot_1998, title={Predicting the capacity of powdered activated carbon for trace organic compounds in natural waters}, volume={32}, ISSN={["0013-936X"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032101736&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/es970833y}, abstractNote={The purpose of this research was to develop a simple method for predicting the powdered activated carbon (PAC) capacity for micropollutants in natural water. The herbicide atrazine and the odor-causing compound 2-methyl- isoborneol served as target compounds. Isotherm data from experiments conducted with a constant initial adsorbate concentration and varying adsorbent doses exhibited nonlinearity in both single- and multi-solute systems. However, at any given adsorbent dose, the PAC capacity for the micropollutant in multi-solute systems was directly proportional to the initial micropollutant concentration. Using the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST), an equation was derived that validated the experimentally observed direct proportionality between PAC capacity and initial micropollutant concentration at a given adsorbent dose. The results of this study show that the PAC dose to remove any amount of micropollutant from natural waters can be estimated without the use of mathematical models from a single...}, number={11}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}, author={Knappe, DRU and Matsui, Y and Snoeyink, VL and Roche, P and Prados, MJ and Bourbigot, MM}, year={1998}, month={Jun}, pages={1694–1698} }
 @inproceedings{knappe_snoeyink_roche_prados_bourbigot_1997, title={The effect of GAC service time on the adsorption of periodic episodes of atrazine}, volume={89}, number={1997 June}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Water Works Association Annual Conference, Atlanta, GA, June 15-19, 1997}, author={Knappe, D. R. U. and Snoeyink, V. L. and Roche, P. and Prados, M. J. and Bourbigot, M. M.}, year={1997} }
 @article{knappe_snoeyink_roche_prados_bourbigot_1997, title={The effect of preloading on rapid small-scale column test predictions of atrazine removal by GAC adsorbers}, volume={31}, ISSN={["0043-1354"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031281636&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00148-6}, abstractNote={Rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) were evaluated for their ability to predict atrazine removal in pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorbers. The performance of both virgin and preloaded GACs was tested. Atrazine removal by virgin GAC was studied in post-filter adsorbers at Toulouse, France, and Choisy-le-Roi, France, using empty-bed contact times (EBCTs) of 10.3 and 14 min, respectively. For virgin GAC, RSSCTs successfully simulated atrazine removal over large-scale operating times of about 3.5–7 months. However, RSSCTs significantly overestimated atrazine removal at longer operating times. Atrazine removal by preloaded GAC was studied in pilot-scale post-filter adsorbers at Choisy-le-Roi, France, after preloading times of 5 months and 20 months. EBCTs were approximately 8.5 min. To describe the performance of pilot-scale adsorbers containing preloaded GAC, RSSCTs were initiated with virgin activated carbon, and preloading was simulated prior to the spiking of atrazine. For a pilot-scale adsorber containing GAC that had been preloaded for 5 months, the RSSCT data effectively described atrazine removal. However, the RSSCT was not successful in predicting atrazine removal by GAC after a preloading time of 20 months. Discrepancies between RSSCT and pilot data for long service times or after extended preloading periods may have been due to enhanced adsorption of background organic matter in the presence of oxygen. Overall, RSSCTs were judged to be most useful for predicting the initial performance of adsorbers containing virgin GAC.}, number={11}, journal={WATER RESEARCH}, author={Knappe, DRU and Snoeyink, VL and Roche, P and Prados, MJ and Bourbigot, MM}, year={1997}, month={Nov}, pages={2899–2909} }