@article{kwiatkowski_bolden_liroff_rochester_vandenbergh_2016, title={Twenty-five years of endocrine disruption science: Remembering Theo Colborn}, volume={124}, number={9}, journal={Environmental Health Perspectives}, author={Kwiatkowski, C. F. and Bolden, A. L. and Liroff, R. A. and Rochester, J. R. and Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={2016}, pages={A151–154} }
 @article{myers_saal_akingbemi_arizono_belcher_colborn_chahoud_crain_farabollini_guilleffe_et al._2009, title={Why public health agencies cannot depend on good laboratory practices as a criterion for selecting data: The case of bisphenol A}, volume={117}, number={3}, journal={Environmental Health Perspectives}, author={Myers, J. P. and Saal, F. S. and Akingbemi, B. T. and Arizono, K. and Belcher, S. and Colborn, T. and Chahoud, I. and Crain, D. A. and Farabollini, F. and Guilleffe, L. J. and et al.}, year={2009}, pages={309–315} }
 @misc{chapin_adams_boekelheide_gray_hayward_lees_mcintyre_portier_schnorr_selevan_et al._2008, title={NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A}, volume={83}, number={3}, journal={Birth Defects Research. Part B, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology}, author={Chapin, R. E. and Adams, J. and Boekelheide, K. and Gray, L. E. and Hayward, S. W. and Lees, P. S. J. and McIntyre, B. S. and Portier, K. M. and Schnorr, T. M. and Selevan, S. G. and et al.}, year={2008}, pages={157–395} }
 @misc{chapel hill bisphenol a expert panel consensus statement: integration of mechanisms, effects in animals and potential to impact human health at current levels of exposure_2007, volume={24}, number={2}, journal={Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)}, year={2007}, pages={131–138} }
 @misc{richter_birnbaum_farabollini_newbold_rubin_talsness_vandenbergh_walser-kuntz_vom saal_2007, title={In vivo effects of bisphenol A in laboratory rodent studies}, volume={24}, number={2}, journal={Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)}, author={Richter, C. A. and Birnbaum, L. S. and Farabollini, F. and Newbold, R. R. and Rubin, B. S. and Talsness, C. E. and Vandenbergh, J. G. and Walser-Kuntz, D. R. and Vom Saal, F. S. V.}, year={2007}, pages={199–224} }
 @article{hotchkiss_lambright_ostby_parks-saldutti_vandenbergh_gray_2007, title={Prenatal testosterone exposure permanently masculinizes anogenital distance, nipple development, and reproductive tract morphology in female Sprague-Dawley rats}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1096-6080"]}, DOI={10.1093/toxsci/kfm002}, abstractNote={In mammals, abnormal increases in fetal androgens disrupt normal development of the female phenotype. Due to the recent concern regarding environmental androgen-active chemicals, there is a need to identify sources of fetal androgen variation and sensitive developmental markers for androgenic activity in female rats. Anogenital distances (AGD), nipple retention, reproductive tract, and external genitalia are morphological parameters organized by prenatal androgens and are predictive of altered masculinized/defeminized phenotype in adult female mice and rats. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the natural prenatal androgen environment of rats including the magnitude of the intrauterine position (IUP) effect, (2) characterize the permanent effects of prenatal androgen exposure on female rats, and (3) determine the ability of AGD and areolas to predict these permanent androgenic alterations in female rats. Untreated male fetal rats had higher tissue testosterone (T) concentrations than females in the amniotic fluid, reproductive tract, gonad, and fetal body. The intrauterine position (IUP) of male and female fetuses did not affect T concentrations or AGD in male or female rats at gestational day (GD) 22. Female offspring exposed to 0, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg/day testosterone propionate (TP) on GDs 14–18 displayed increased AGD at postnatal day (PND) 2 and decreased nipples at PND 13 and as adults. TP-induced changes in neonatal AGD and infant areola number were reliable indicators of permanently altered adult phenotype in female rats. Further, females in the two high-dose groups displayed increased incidences of external genital malformations and the presence of prostatic tissue, not normally found in female rats.}, number={2}, journal={TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES}, author={Hotchkiss, Andrew K. and Lambright, Christy S. and Ostby, Joseph S. and Parks-Saldutti, Louise and Vandenbergh, John G. and Gray, Leon E., Jr.}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={335–345} }
 @article{ryan_vandenbergh_2006, title={Developmental exposure to environmental estrogens alters anxiety and spatial memory in female mice}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1095-6867"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.01.007}, abstractNote={Humans and wildlife are exposed to numerous anthropogenic drugs and pollutants. Many of these compounds are hormonally active, and recent evidence suggests that the presence of these endocrine disruptors permanently alters normal development and physiology in a variety of vertebrate species. Here, we report on the effects of developmental exposure to two common estrogenic pollutants, bisphenol A and ethinyl estradiol on sexually dimorphic, non-reproductive behavior. Mice (Mus musculus domesticus) were exposed to environmentally relevant levels of these chemicals (2 and 200 μg/kg/day for bisphenol A and 5 μg/kg/day for ethinyl estradiol) throughout prenatal and early postnatal development. As adults, the animals were observed in a variety of tests measuring sexually dimorphic behaviors including short-term spatial memory (in a radial-arm maze and a Barnes maze) and anxiety (in an elevated-plus maze and a light/dark preference chamber). Developmental exposure to ethinyl estradiol was found to masculinize behavior in all of the assays used. Bisphenol A increased anxious behavior in a dose-dependent fashion but had no effect on spatial memory. These results indicate that non-reproductive, sexually dimorphic behavior is sensitive to endocrine disruption. In addition, these experiments suggest that both humans and wildlife are being exposed to levels of these endocrine disrupting compounds that are sufficient to disrupt the development of the nervous system and that may have permanent consequences on sexually dimorphic behaviors.}, number={1}, journal={HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR}, author={Ryan, Bryce C. and Vandenbergh, John G.}, year={2006}, month={Jun}, pages={85–93} }
 @article{engell_godwin_young_vandenbergh_2006, title={Perinatal exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds alters behavior and brain in the female pine vole}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1872-9738"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ntt.2005.10.002}, abstractNote={Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are synthetic chemicals that arise from sources such as pesticides and have the ability to mimic or inhibit gonadal steroid hormones. The objective of this research was to examine the effects of EDCs on the behaviors associated with monogamy and the expression of related neuropeptide receptors. Pine voles, a novel experimental mammal, were chosen because they display strong monogamous pair bonding. Female pine voles were orally administered estrogenic diethylstilbestrol (DES) and methoxychlor (MXC) or oil control throughout gestation and lactation of pups. Exposed pups were tested as adults. Preference for the mate and maternal behaviors were assessed. While the ability to form partner preferences was intact, DES-exposed females showed increased aggression toward a stranger, while MXC exposed females showed a strong trend toward spending more time alone. Oxytocin (OT) receptor binding in the brain was assessed for possible effects on this behaviorally important neuropeptide signaling system. The cingulate cortex showed a reduction in OT binding in the MXC group. These findings demonstrate that exposure to EDCs during pre- and neonatal development can alter female adult neural phenotype and behavior related to monogamous behavior traits.}, number={1}, journal={NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY}, author={Engell, MD and Godwin, J and Young, LJ and Vandenbergh, JG}, year={2006}, pages={103–110} }
 @article{hotchkiss_vandenbergh_2005, title={The  anogenital distance index of mice (Mus musculus domesticus): An analysis}, volume={44}, number={4}, journal={Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science}, author={Hotchkiss, A. K. and Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={2005}, pages={46–48} }
 @article{hotchkiss_parks-saldutti_ostby_lambright_furr_vandenbergh_gray_2004, title={A mixture of the "antiandrogens" linuron and butyl benzyl phthalate alters sexual differentiation of the male rat in a cumulative fashion}, volume={71}, ISSN={["1529-7268"]}, DOI={10.1095/biolreprod.104.031674}, abstractNote={Prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals that interfere with the androgen signaling pathway can cause permanent adverse effects on reproductive development in male rats. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine whether a documented antiandrogen butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and/or linuron (an androgen receptor antagonist) would decrease fetal testosterone (T) production, 2) describe reproductive developmental effects of linuron and BBP in the male, 3) examine the potential cumulative effects of linuron and BBP, and 4) investigate whether treatment-induced changes to neonatal anogenital distance (AGD) and juvenile areola number were predictive of adult reproductive alterations. Pregnant rats were treated with either corn oil, 75 mg/kg/day of linuron, 500 mg/kg/day of BBP, or a combination of 75 mg/kg/day linuron and 500 mg/kg/day BBP from gestational Day 14 to 18. A cohort of fetuses was removed to assess male testicular T and progesterone production, testicular T concentrations, and whole-body T concentrations. Male offspring from the remaining litters were assessed for AGD and number of areolae and then examined for alterations as young adults. Prenatal exposure to either linuron or BBP or BBP + linuron decreased T production and caused alterations to androgen-organized tissues in a dose-additive manner. Furthermore, treatment-related changes to neonatal AGD and infant areolae significantly correlated with adult AGD, nipple retention, reproductive malformations, and reproductive organ and tissue weights. In general, consideration of the dose-response curves for the antiandrogenic effects suggests that these responses were dose additive rather than synergistic responses. Taken together, these data provide additional evidence of cumulative effects of antiandrogen mixtures on male reproductive development.}, number={6}, journal={BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION}, author={Hotchkiss, AK and Parks-Saldutti, LG and Ostby, JS and Lambright, C and Furr, J and Vandenbergh, JG and Gray, LE}, year={2004}, month={Dec}, pages={1852–1861} }
 @article{vandenbergh_2004, title={Animal models and studies of in utero endocrine disruptor effects}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1930-6180"]}, DOI={10.1093/ilar.45.4.438}, abstractNote={The rate of organ and system development in mammals, including humans, is most rapid during the prenatal period. Perturbations of the endocrine system during this period can have profound effects on later anatomy, physiology, behavior, and the onset of disease. Endocrine-disrupting compounds can cause perturbations during fetal development by mimicking or blocking natural hormones. In experimental studies, compounds that mimic estrogens and those that block androgen action have been shown to have a number of long-term effects. Among these effects are the acceleration of puberty onset, increased incidence of adult cancers such as vaginal and prostate cancers, and alterations in sexually dimorphic anatomy, physiology, and behavior. Laboratory animal models continue to play a crucial role in ide.jpgying endocrine disruptors, determining their mode of action, and demonstrating their consequences.}, number={4}, journal={ILAR JOURNAL}, author={Vandenbergh, JG}, year={2004}, pages={438–442} }
 @article{hotchkiss_ostby_vandenbergh_gray_2003, title={An environmental antiandrogen, vinclozolin, alters the organization of play behavior}, volume={79}, ISSN={["0031-9384"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0031-9384(03)00093-3}, abstractNote={During mammalian sexual differentiation, the androgens, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are critical for the organization of the male phenotype. In rats, play behavior is sexually dimorphic. Administration of exogenous androgens during the perinatal period results in masculine-like play behavior of juveniles. Recently, there has been increasing concern about the potential for environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to alter sexual differentiation in mammals. One such EDC is the fungicide and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, vinclozolin. We tested whether developmental exposure to an EDC could alter androgen-dependent behaviors such as play. To examine this possibility, neonatal male rats were injected from Postnatal Days (PND) 2 to 3 with corn oil, pharmacological antiandrogen flutamide (50 mg/kg/day) or vinclozolin (200 mg/kg/day); whereas neonatal females were treated either with corn oil or testosterone propionate (TP, 250 microg/kg/day). At PNDs 36-37, animals were observed for social play. Behaviors associated with general social activity, such as sniffing and dorsal contact, were unaffected by treatment or sex. However, play behavior in males treated with flutamide or vinclozolin was significantly reduced to near-female levels when compared to control males. Play behavior in females exposed to TP during the neonatal period was significantly increased when compared with control females. Hence, this study suggests that perinatal exposure to vinclozolin, an environmental antiandrogen, can alter androgen-dependent behavior, such as play, in the male rat.}, number={2}, journal={PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR}, author={Hotchkiss, AK and Ostby, JS and Vandenbergh, JG and Gray, LE}, year={2003}, month={Jul}, pages={151–156} }
 @article{vandenbergh_2003, title={Prenatal hormone exposure and sexual variation}, volume={91}, DOI={10.1511/2003.44.851}, number={3}, journal={American Scientist}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={2003}, pages={218–225} }
 @inbook{eremeeva_liang_paddock_zaki_vandenbergh_dasch_silverman_2003, title={Rickettsia rickettsii infection in the pine vole, Microtus pinetorum: Kinetics of infection and quantitation of antioxidant enzyme gene expression by RT-PCR}, volume={990}, number={2003}, booktitle={Rickettsiology: Present and future directions}, publisher={New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences}, author={Eremeeva, M. E. and Liang, Z. X. and Paddock, C. and Zaki, S. and Vandenbergh, J. G. and Dasch, G. A. and Silverman, D. J.}, year={2003}, pages={468–473} }
 @article{hotchkiss_ostby_vandenbergh_gray_2002, title={Androgens and environmental antiandrogens affect reproductive development and play behavior in the Sprague-Dawley rat}, volume={110}, ISSN={["1552-9924"]}, DOI={10.1289/ehp.02110s3435}, abstractNote={In mammals, exposure to androgens early in development is essential for masculinization of the male reproductive phenotype. Male fetuses exposed to antiandrogens during perinatal life are permanently demasculinized in their morphology and physiology, whereas exposure to exogenous androgens permanently masculinizes females. In some litter-bearing species, proximity(italic) in utero(/italic) of females to males can partially masculinize female siblings and alter their responsiveness to endocrine-disrupting compounds. However, in our strain of rat (CD-SD Charles River), intrauterine position does not significantly influence testosterone concentrations and anogenital distance of fetuses. In comparison, administration of testosterone propionate to pregnant females, at doses that doubled fetal female testosterone levels, did masculinize the reproductive system. Discovery of androgen-active chemicals in the environment has placed increased emphasis on describing the reproductive and behavioral effects of both natural and environmental androgens and antiandrogens. Recently, the effects of an antiandrogen, vinclozolin, on the brain and behavior were cited as a special concern by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in its risk assessment of this pesticide. In rats, one such behavior that is perinatally organized by androgens is social play. Males play more than females, and administration of exogenous androgens during the neonatal period alters the juvenile expression of this sexually dimorphic behavior. Vinclozolin is an androgen receptor antagonist that inhibits androgen-dependent tissue growth in vivo. We were interested in whether developmental exposure to vinclozolin could also alter androgen-dependent behaviors such as play. Neonatal male rats were injected on postnatal days (PNDs) 2 and 3 with corn oil, the pharmacologic antiandrogen flutamide (50 mg/kg), or vinclozolin (200 mg/kg). On PNDs 36-37 animals were observed for social play. Behaviors associated with general social activity such as sniffing and dorsal contact were unaffected by treatment. However, play behavior in males treated with flutamide or vinclozolin was significantly reduced, resembling levels of play characteristic of females rather than untreated males. Therefore, this study demonstrates that perinatal exposure to vinclozolin, an environmental antiandrogen, can alter androgen-dependent play behavior in the male rat.}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES}, author={Hotchkiss, AK and Ostby, JS and Vandenbergh, JG and Gray, LE}, year={2002}, month={Jun}, pages={435–439} }
 @article{luo_cannon_wekesa_lyman_vandenbergh_anholt_2002, title={Impaired olfactory behavior in mice deficient in the a subunit of G(0)}, volume={941}, ISSN={["0006-8993"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02566-0}, abstractNote={The ability to respond to chemical signals is essential for the survival and reproduction of most organisms. Olfactory signaling involves odorant receptor-mediated activation of G(olf), a homologue of G(s), on the dendrites of olfactory neurons. Olfactory receptor cells, however, also express Galpha(i2) and Galpha(o) on their axons, with all neurons expressing G(o) and a subset G(i2). Despite their abundance, possible contributions of G(o) and G(i2) to chemoreception remain unexplored. We investigated whether homologous recombinant mice deficient in the alpha subunit of G(o) are able to respond to odorants, whether possible olfactory impairments are dependent on genetic background, and whether formation of glomeruli in their olfactory bulbs is compromised. In an olfactory habituation/dishabituation test, G(o)-/- mice were unresponsive when exposed to odorants. Analysis of variance shows that performance of G(o)+/- mice crossed into the CD-1 background is also diminished in this test compared to their G(o)+/+ counterparts. Following food deprivation, G(o)-/- mice in the 129 Sv-ter/C57BL/6 genetic background were unable to locate a buried food pellet until they were approximately 10 weeks of age after which they performed as well as their litter mate controls. However, CD-1 G(o)-/- mice could locate a buried food pellet even when tested immediately after weaning. Despite their compromised olfactory responsiveness, histological examination did not reveal gross alterations in the olfactory bulbs of G(o)-/- mice. Thus, Galpha(o) is necessary for the expression of olfactory behavior under normal conditions and dependent on genetic background, but is not essential for the formation and maintenance of glomeruli.}, number={1-2}, journal={BRAIN RESEARCH}, author={Luo, AH and Cannon, EH and Wekesa, KS and Lyman, RF and Vandenbergh, JG and Anholt, RRH}, year={2002}, month={Jun}, pages={62–71} }
 @misc{ryan_vandenbergh_2002, title={Intrauterine position effects}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1873-7528"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0149-7634(02)00038-6}, abstractNote={A review of the literature suggests that individual variability in sex-related traits may be influenced by variations in hormonal exposure during fetal development. In litter-bearing mammals, fetuses develop in utero and may be subjected to differing hormonal environments based upon the sex of neighboring fetuses. Female fetuses developing between two males tend to show masculinized anatomical, physiological and behavioral traits as adults. Female fetuses developing without adjacent males, on the other hand, tend to show more feminized traits as adults. These traits include permanently altered hormone levels, reproductive organs, aggressive behaviors, secondary sex ratios and susceptibility to endocrine disruption. This intrauterine effect is due to the transfer of testosterone from male fetuses to adjacent fetuses. While these effects have been most clearly demonstrated in mice, other rodents and swine also show intrauterine position (IUP) effects. Some of these effects are similar to the influence of prenatal stress on adult phenotypes. A few reports on human twins suggest that variability in some masculine and feminine traits may be due to intrauterine hormonal signals. IUP effects may impact a number of scientific fields of research such as endocrine disruption, toxicology, population biology, animal production and health.}, number={6}, journal={NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS}, author={Ryan, BC and Vandenbergh, JG}, year={2002}, month={Oct}, pages={665–678} }
 @misc{vandenbergh_konzelmann_hotchkiss_2001, title={Altering sex ratio of offspring in mammals}, volume={6,221,857}, number={2001 April 24}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G. and Konzelmann, J. A and Hotchkiss, A. K.}, year={2001} }
 @book{wizemann_pardue_2001, title={Exploring the biological contributions to human health: Does sex matter?}, ISBN={0309072816}, publisher={Washington, DC: National Academy Press}, author={Wizemann, T. M. and Pardue, M.-L.}, year={2001} }
 @article{brown_chua_liu_andrews_vandenbergh_2000, title={Spontaneous mutation in the db gene results in obesity and diabetes in CD-1 outbred mice}, volume={278}, number={2 pt.2}, journal={American Journal of Physiology}, author={Brown, J. A. and Chua, S. C. and Liu, S. M. and Andrews, M. T. and Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={2000}, pages={R320–330} }
 @article{howdeshell_hotchkiss_thayer_vandenbergh_saal_1999, title={Environmental toxins - Exposure to bisphenol A advances puberty}, volume={401}, ISSN={["1476-4687"]}, DOI={10.1038/44517}, number={6755}, journal={NATURE}, author={Howdeshell, KL and Hotchkiss, AK and Thayer, KA and Vandenbergh, JG and Saal, FS}, year={1999}, month={Oct}, pages={763–764} }
 @article{saal_drickamer_galef_clark_vandenbergh_1999, title={Intrauterine position: IUP phenomenon}, volume={2}, journal={Encyclopedia of reproduction}, publisher={San Diego: Academic Press}, author={Saal, F. S. and Drickamer, L. C. and Galef, B. G. and Clark, M. M. and Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1999}, pages={895–900} }
 @article{vandenbergh_1999, title={Pheromones}, volume={3}, journal={Encyclopedia of reproduction}, publisher={San Diego: Academic Press}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1999}, pages={764–770} }
 @article{vandenbergh_1999, title={Puberty Acceleration}, volume={4}, journal={Encyclopedia of reproduction}, publisher={San Diego: Academic Press}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1999}, pages={125–127} }
 @article{walker_ahmed_brown_ho_hodges_lucier_russo_weigel_weise_vandenbergh_1999, title={Species, interindividual, and tissue specificity in endocrine signaling}, volume={107}, DOI={10.1289/ehp.99107s4619}, abstractNote={The activity of endocrine-active agents exhibits specificity at many levels. Differential responsiveness to these agents has been observed between different species and extends to interindividual differences within a species and between different tissues as well. In cases where they have been identified, the biologic and molecular mechanisms underlying this specificity are quite diverse. Determinants of species specificity include differences that exist in receptor binding, gene transcription, and cellular responses to endocrine-active compounds between species. Interindividual differences in responsiveness may be determined at the level of genetic polymorphisms in hormone-metabolizing enzymes, hormone receptors, and in those genes that are transactivated by these receptors, as well as during changing windows of susceptibility that occur as a function of age, such as prenatal and postmenopausal exposures. Extrinsic factors such as diet can also impact individual susceptibility to endocrine-active agents. Tissue-specific determinants of susceptibility are well documented, but little is known regarding the mechanisms underlying these different responses. Differences in the expression of accessory proteins for steroid hormone receptors and different patterns of receptor expression, estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta; for example, may contribute to tissue specificity, as may differences in the pattern of expression of other genes such as hormone-metabolizing enzymes. The use of animal model systems and development of appropriate mathematical models has the potential to yield additional valuable information for elucidating the role of these determinants of specificity at low-dose exposures and for improved risk assessments for the adverse health effects of endocrine-active compounds.}, number={1999 Aug.}, journal={Environmental Health Perspectives}, author={Walker, C. and Ahmed, S. A. and Brown, T. and Ho, S. M. and Hodges, L. and Lucier, G. and Russo, J. and Weigel, N. and Weise, T. and Vandenbergh, J.}, year={1999}, pages={619–624} }
 @article{vandenbergh_1999, title={Whitten effect}, volume={4}, journal={Encyclopedia of reproduction}, publisher={San Diego: Academic Press}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1999}, pages={1020–1024} }
 @article{brant_schwab_vandenbergh_schaefer_solomon_1998, title={Behavioural suppression of female pine voles after replacement of the breeding male}, volume={55}, ISSN={["0003-3472"]}, DOI={10.1006/anbe.1997.0639}, abstractNote={Examination of the mechanism of reproductive suppression includes determining which cues are involved and the context in which they occur. We studied groups of pine voles,Microtus pinetorum, that were disrupted by the replacement of the breeding male and compared them with intact family groups. If reproductive suppression is mediated by chemical cues, then soiled bedding should be sufficient to prevent production of litters by daughters. If reproductive suppression involves a behavioural component, we should observe aggressive behaviours or those indicative of dominance interactions directed from the mother towards the daughter or the replacement male. If replacement of the breeding male leads to conflict between the breeding female and her daughter, then more aggression or dominance interactions would be expected in disrupted than in intact families. The presence of the mother decreased reproduction by daughters, but chemical cues alone were not sufficient to prevent the daughter from mating with the replacement male. Rather, this decrease in reproduction seemed to be mediated by behavioural interactions. We propose that the mother's tugging on the daughter may lead to subordination of the daughter. The mother's presence may also alter the behaviour patterns of the male and daughter, which could delay reproductive activation of the daughter, prevent the formation of pair bonds or inhibit sexual behaviour. These behavioural interactions appear to depend on the presence of an unfamiliar male, because tugging, for example, was less frequent in intact family groups.}, journal={ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR}, author={Brant, CL and Schwab, TM and Vandenbergh, JG and Schaefer, RL and Solomon, NG}, year={1998}, month={Mar}, pages={615–627} }
 @article{solomon_vandenbergh_sullivan_1998, title={Social influences on intergroup transfer by pine voles (Microtus pinetorum)}, volume={76}, ISSN={["0008-4301"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjz-76-12-2131}, number={12}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE}, author={Solomon, NG and Vandenbergh, JG and Sullivan, WT}, year={1998}, month={Dec}, pages={2131–2136} }
 @article{coppola_millar_chen_vandenbergh_1997, title={Chronic cocaine exposure affects stimulus-induced but not spontaneous behavior of the near-term mouse fetus}, volume={58}, ISSN={["0091-3057"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00039-7}, abstractNote={Pregnant female mice were injected subcutaneously with a 40-mg/kg dose of cocaine-HCl or physiological saline from day 1 through day 17 of gestation. On day 18 of gestation, dams were surgically prepared to allow the behavior of their fetuses to be observed. Spontaneous motor behavior was unaffected by cocaine exposure. Cocaine exposure potentiated motor responses of the fetuses to ammonia and to control injections of saline into the amniotic sac. Restriction of umbilical blood flow caused a specific stereotyped response in saline-injected fetuses, which is in agreement with studies of other species. This response was markedly potentiated in fetuses exposed to cocaine. The results suggest that the mouse may be a viable model for studies of the neurodevelopmental effects of gestational cocaine exposure and are discussed in relation to current models of the effects of long-term cocaine exposure on brain neurochemistry.}, number={3}, journal={PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR}, author={Coppola, DM and Millar, LC and Chen, CJ and Vandenbergh, JG}, year={1997}, month={Nov}, pages={793–799} }
 @article{marfori_parker_gregg_vandenbergh_solomon_1997, title={Using DNA fingerprinting to estimate relatedness within social groups of pine voles}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0022-2372"]}, DOI={10.2307/1382930}, abstractNote={Pine voles are assumed to be cooperative breeders that live in extended families. We applied DNA fingerprinting techniques using restriction enzyme AluI and Jeffrey's probe 33.15 to wild-caught pine voles to estimate relatedness among individuals in social groups. Background band-sharing between unrelated individuals revealed a high degree of genetic variation (X̄ BS ± SD = 0.28 ± 0.09). Band-sharing values that range from 0.47 ± 0.20 to 0.60 ± 0.12 from putative groups suggest that groups form from simple nuclear families that may contain some unrelated individuals. In two of the five groups, band-sharing values suggest that offspring from previous litters remain philopatric beyond weaning, while parents produce successive litters. Furthermore, within-group band-sharing values are consistent with a monogamous mating system. This study provides preliminary genetic evidence concerning the degree of relatedness among individuals within groups of pine voles in an orchard habitat.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY}, author={Marfori, MA and Parker, PG and Gregg, TG and Vandenbergh, JG and Solomon, NG}, year={1997}, month={Aug}, pages={715–724} }
 @article{vandenbergh_1989, title={Coordination of social signals and ovarian function during sexual development}, volume={67}, number={7}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1989}, pages={1841} }
 @article{vandenbergh_1988, title={Social interactions and the coordination of reproductive behavior in rodents and nonhuman primates}, volume={193}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1988}, pages={1161} }
 @inbook{vandenbergh_1983, title={Pheromonal regulation of puberty}, ISBN={0127107800}, booktitle={Pheromones and reproduction in mammals}, publisher={New York: Academic Press}, author={Vandenbergh, J. G.}, year={1983}, pages={95} }