@article{chu-wang_axtell_kline_1975, title={Antennal and pupal sensilla of the sand fly Culicoides furens (Poey) (Diptera Ceratopogonidae)}, volume={4}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Insect Morphology & Embryology}, author={Chu-Wang, I-W. and Axtell, R. C. and Kline, D. L.}, year={1975}, pages={131–149} }
 @article{chuwang_axtell_1974, title={FINE-STRUCTURE OF VENTRAL AND LATERAL TARSAL SENSILLA OF HARD TICK, AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM}, volume={67}, ISSN={["1938-2901"]}, DOI={10.1093/aesa/67.3.453}, abstractNote={The sensilla on the ventral, lateral, and dorso-proximal sides of the first tarsi of adult Amblyomma americanum (L.) were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Only a few sensilla have dendrites in the shaft and are thick-walled, with either a single apical slit opening or 8 longitudinal slit grooves along the whole shaft. Based on their structure, these sensilla are assumed to be chemoreceptors. Sensilla with a single apical opening also possess 2 mechanoreceptive dendrites inserted at the setal base. All other sensilla are assumed to be solely mechanoreceptors since they have basal tubular bodies and no dendrites in the setal shaft.}, number={3}, journal={ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA}, author={CHUWANG, IW and AXTELL, RC}, year={1974}, pages={453–457} }
 @article{chuwang_axtell_1973, title={COMPARATIVE FINE-STRUCTURE OF CLAW SENSILLA OF A SOFT TICK, ARGAS (PERSICARGAS) ARBOREUS KAISER, HOOGSTRAAL, AND KOHLS, AND A HARD TICK, AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM (L)}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1937-2345"]}, DOI={10.2307/3278793}, abstractNote={The claw setae (at the distal end of the tarsus) of the first leg of the adult soft tick, Argas (Persicargas) arboreus Kaiser, Hoogstraal, and Kohls, and the adult hard tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Six pairs of setae in the soft tick and 3 pairs in the hard tick are symmetrically located at the lateral and the medial side of the claw. Three different types of sensilla are described. Type 1 sensillum, a blunt-tipped thick-walled seta, is innervated by 2 sets of dendrites: one set of 2 mechanoreceptive dendrites ending in the socket and another set of 4 to 5 chemoreceptive dendrites ascending into the shaft. Seven canal openings (140 A) at the tip allow communication between the dendrites and the environment. Type 2 sensillum, a sharppointed thick-walled seta, also has 2 mechanoreceptive dendrites and 0 to 4 chemoreceptive dendrites in the shaft receiving chemical stimuli through a single subterminal slit opening (140 A). Type 3 sensillum, a sharp-pointed seta, having only 2 dendrites at the base, is a typical mechanoreceptive sensillum. In the type 1 and 2 sensilla, 2 sets of dendrites are separately encircled by their own internal enveloping cell but share a common external enveloping cell. An extra middle enveloping cell only surrounds the internal enveloping cell of the chemoreceptive dendrites. This is apparently a unique feature of tick sensilla. The first pair of legs of ticks are frequently waved in the air and serve a major role in the sensory perception of the animal. Recent investigations by scanning and transmission electron microscopy have revealed the fine structural details of the tarsal sensilla and Haller's organ of Amblyomma americanum (L.) (family Ixodidae, "hard ticks") and Argas (Persicargas) arboreus Kaiser, Hoogstraal, and Kohls (family Argasidae, "soft ticks") (Foelix and Axtell, 1971, 1972; Roshdy, Foelix, and Axtell, 1972; Axtell et al., in press). Similar sensilla types have been described on the palps (Foelix and Chu-Wang, 1972). From the morphology and permeability studies (Foelix, 1972) chemoand mechanoreceptive functions can be ascribed to particular sensilla. Additional setae arise from the tip of the tarsus and project distally in proximity to the claws. These "claw setae" were not included in previous investigations but due to their locations should also have a significant role in Received for publication 31 January 1973. * Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C. 27607, USA. This research was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, Naval Biology Program, under contract no. N00014-70-A-0120-0001, NR 306-033. Paper No. 3945 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina State University Agricultural Experiment Station. sensory perception. In Ixodes persulcatus P. Sch. and Hyalomma asiaticum P. Sch. and E. Schl., these setae were shown experimentally to be involved in the detection of repellents and were individually classified as chemoor mechanoreceptors on the basis of shape and a gross electrophysiological response (Zolotarev and Elizarov, 1963, 1964; Zolotarev and Sinitsyna, 1965). No fine structure investigations using electron microscopy were conducted on those species, however. We investigated the fine structure of the claw setae of Argas arboreus and Amblyomma americanurn by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Since these setae are innervated, it is appropriate to refer to them as sensilla. These results will contribute to a more complete basis for future behavioral and electrophysiological studies on the sensory perception of these representative species of ticks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Argas (Persicargas) arboreus were from a NAMRU-3 Medical Zoology colony originally collected from rookeries of Bubulcus i. ibis in the type locality of this tick species, near Cairo, and subsequently maintained on domestic pigeon hosts. The Amblyomma americanum were field-collected with a cloth drag in the vicinity of Jacksonville and Came Lejeune, North Carolina. For scanning electron microscopy the ticks were}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY}, author={CHUWANG, IW and AXTELL, RC}, year={1973}, pages={545–555} }
 @article{chu-wang_axtell_1972, title={Fine structure of the terminal organ of the house fly larva, Musca domestica L.}, volume={127}, journal={Zeitschrift fur Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie}, author={Chu-Wang, I-W. and Axtell, R. C.}, year={1972}, pages={287–305} }
 @article{chu-wang_axtell_1972, title={Fine structure of ventral organ of the house fly larva, Musca domestica (L).}, volume={130}, journal={Zeitschrift fur Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie}, author={Chu-Wang, I-W. and Axtell, R. C.}, year={1972}, pages={489–495} }
 @article{chu_axtell_1971, title={Fine structure of the dorsal organ of the house fly larva (Musca domestica L.)}, volume={117}, journal={Zeitschrift fur Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie}, author={Chu, I-W. and Axtell, R. C.}, year={1971}, pages={17–34} }
 @article{chu_knutson_1970, title={Preferences of eight grasshopper species [mostly Melanoplus spp.] among eleven species of cultivated grasses [in Kansas]}, volume={43}, number={1}, journal={Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society}, author={Chu, I. W. and Knutson, H.}, year={1970}, pages={20} }