@article{dale_axtell_1976, title={SALT-MARSH TABANIDAE (DIPTERA) - COMPARISON OF ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION IN SPARTINA AND JUNCUS HABITATS}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1938-2928"]}, DOI={10.1093/jmedent/12.6.671}, abstractNote={Greater diversity in species and higher numbers of adult female Tabanidae were collected (sticky traps and box traps) in Spartina than in Juncus marshes in the central coast of North Carolina during a 2-yr study. The 3 most abundant species for both types of marshes were Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart, Chrysops atlanticus Pechuman, and C. fuliginosus Wiedemann. T. nigrovittatus was collected from 10 May to 25 September and had 1 peak of abundance from 5 to 14 June; C. atlanticus was collected from 23 April to 26 September, with 1 peak of abundance from 31 May to 8 June; C. fuliginosus was present from 8 April to 8 June, with 1 peak of abundance in the 1st week of May. Horizontal distribution in Spartina marsh habitats was determined by sticky traps. The highest numbers of T. nigrovittatus were trapped in the marsh; the lowest were obtained from the upland behind and inside nearby woods. Highest numbers of C. atlanticus were collected in the upland behind the woods and slightly less in the inner marsh; the lowest numbers were obtained from the upland inside the woods, the ecotone and the outer marsh. Highest numbers of C. fuliginosus were trapped in the inner marsh and the lowest from upland behind the woods.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY}, author={DALE, WE and AXTELL, RC}, year={1976}, pages={671–678} }
 @article{dale_axtell_1975, title={FLIGHT OF SALT-MARSH TABANIDAE (DIPTERA), TABANUS-NIGROVITTATUS, CHRYSOPS-ATLANTICUS AND CHRYSOPS-FULIGINOSUS - CORRELATION WITH TEMPERATURE, LIGHT, MOISTURE AND WIND VELOCITY}, volume={12}, ISSN={["0022-2585"]}, DOI={10.1093/jmedent/12.5.551}, abstractNote={The flight activities of the greenhead fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart (collected by traps), and deer flies, Chrysops atlanticus Peehuman and Chrysops fuliginosus Wiedemann (both collected by netting from a human), were measured in the field and correlated with the environmental conditions during the collection periods. The highest number of T. nigrovittatus were correlated with intermediate light intensity (40,000 lux), temperatures around 25°C and no wind. C. atlanticus was most active at relatively low light intensity (5000 lux), high tempteratures (30°C) and air moisture equivalent to 8 mm Hg vapor pressure deficit. The greatest activity of C. fuliginosus was correlated with high levels of light (100,000 lux). Graphs are presented for both actual and predicted levels of flight activity for the significantly correlated values of light, VPD, temperature and wind for each species.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY}, author={DALE, WE and AXTELL, RC}, year={1975}, pages={551–557} }