@article{kard_hain_1990, title={FLIGHT PATTERNS AND WHITE GRUB POPULATION-DENSITIES OF 3 BEETLE SPECIES (COLEOPTERA, SCARABAEIDAE) IN THE MOUNTAINS OF NORTHWESTERN NORTH-CAROLINA}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0749-8004"]}, DOI={10.18474/0749-8004-25.1.34}, abstractNote={Light-trap and soil-sampling studies were conducted at higher elevations in the Appalachian Mountains of northwestern North Carolina to determine adult flight patterns and white grub population densities and instar ratios of three scarab species: Phyllophaga anxia (LeConte) Glasgow, P. fusca (Froelich) Glasgow, and Polyphylla comes Casey. Flights of the two Phyllophaga species overlapped (May–June), preceding Polyphlla flights (July–August). Multiple flights of Phyllophaga anxia and P. fusca occurred over periods of 10 and 12 weeks, respectively. Multiple flights of Polyphylla comes lasted for 6 weeks. For all three species, peak flight densities occurred 3 to 4 weeks after initial flights. Phyllophaga males and females were captured in large numbers, but very few female Polyphylla were caught. Most Phyllophaga were caught before midnight, most Polyphylla between midnight and 0400 h. White grubs were found in the root zone from early May to late September. The mean (±SEM) and maximum grub densities observed were 14.6 ± 1.7 and 34.0 grubs per m2, respectively.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE}, author={KARD, BMR and HAIN, FP}, year={1990}, month={Jan}, pages={34–43} }