@article{meier_grand_schoeneberger_reinert_bruck_1990, title={GROWTH, ECTOMYCORRHIZAE AND NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATES OF LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS EXPOSED TO OZONE AND SOIL-WATER DEFICIT}, volume={64}, ISSN={["1873-6424"]}, DOI={10.1016/0269-7491(90)90092-Q}, abstractNote={Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seedlings from three full-sib families were exposed to 0, 50, 100 or 150 ppb ozone (O3) (5 h/d, 5 d/week for 6 or 12 weeks). Soil water potential was maintained near pot capacity (−0.03 MPa) or soil was allowed to dry to approximately −1.0 MPa and resaturated. Chlorotic mottling and flecking of needles due to O3 injury were observed for seedlings from all pine families. Soil water deficit lessened the intensity of O3 symptoms, possibly due to stomatal closure. Exposure to O3 and soil water deficit each resulted in less seedling volume growth and dry weight, and changed the nonstructural carbohydrate content of seedlings compared with controls. Increasing O3 concentrations resulted in a linear reduction in foliar starch content but did and affect hexose or sucrose content. Soil water deficit resulted in less starch and soluble sugar contents in above- and below-ground plant parts compared with controls. Soil water deficit did not affect numbers or percentages of roots that formed ectomycorrhizal tips. A linear dose-response relationship between O3 and ectomycorrhizae was observed. The number of ectomycorrhizal tips/cm long root and the percentage of feeder roots that formed ectomycorrhizae were lower as O3 concentration increased. Overall, each stress alone caused less seedling growth and carbohydrate content compared with controls, but only O3 was responsible for suppression of ectomycorrhizae.}, number={1}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION}, author={MEIER, S and GRAND, LF and SCHOENEBERGER, MM and REINERT, RA and BRUCK, RI}, year={1990}, pages={11–27} }
 @article{meier_robarge_bruck_grand_1989, title={EFFECTS OF SIMULATED RAIN ACIDITY ON ECTOMYCORRHIZAE OF RED SPRUCE SEEDLINGS POTTED IN NATURAL SOIL}, volume={59}, ISSN={["0269-7491"]}, DOI={10.1016/0269-7491(89)90158-9}, abstractNote={Formation of ectomycorrhizae of red spruce (Picea rubens) grown in natural soil was measured after seedlings were exposed to 25 or 50 applications of simulated rain of pH 5·5, 3·5 or 2·5. Ectomycorrhizae were quantified as the total number of ectomycorrhizal tips per centimeter, and as the number of ectomycorrhizal tips for each morphotype and for Cenococcum geophilum. Rain solutions were applied to the soil alone, to foliage and stem alone, or to entire potted seedlings. Final soil pH was linearly related to rain solution acidity. Lower base saturation, calcium and zinc content, and higher exchangeable acidity were observed after pH 2·5 treatments if the soil was exposed. Rain solutions and the subsequent changes in soil characteristics did not affect the total numbers of ectomycorrhizal tips. Four morphotypes of ectomycorrhizae observed for these seedlings were unaffected by simulated rain. However, the numbers of ectomycorrhizal tips formed by C. geophilum tended to increase with rain solution acidity after 50 applications. Method of rain deposition did not affect ectomycorrhizae, suggesting both plant and soil mediated responses may favor certain mycobionts. The results of this study indicate that short-term acidic deposition does not induce significant changes in the frequency of ectomycorrhizae, but higher numbers of C. geophilum tips suggest there may be changes in the relative occurrence of specific morphotypes of fungus species.}, number={4}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION}, author={MEIER, S and ROBARGE, WP and BRUCK, RI and GRAND, LF}, year={1989}, pages={315–324} }
 @article{meier_runion_grand_bruck, title={Effects of Fusarium subglutinans and soil water deficit of formation of ectomycorrhizae and root carbohydrates of loblolly pine seedlings}, volume={79}, journal={Phytopathology}, author={Meier, S. and Runion, G. B. and Grand, L. F. and Bruck, R. I.}, pages={124–129} }
 @inproceedings{bruck_stanosz_meier, title={Effects of simulated acid rain and ozone on red spruce growth, symptomatology and ectomycorrhizal development}, booktitle={Proceedings of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program Terrestrial Effects Peer Review}, author={Bruck, R. I. and Stanosz, G. R. and Meier, S.}, pages={211–224} }
 @inproceedings{bruck_stanosz_meier, title={Interactions of spruce-fir pathogens, insects and ectomycorrhizae on the etiology and epidemiology of boreal montane forest decline in the Southern Appalachian Mountains}, booktitle={Proceedings of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program Terrestrial Effects Peer Review}, author={Bruck, R. I. and Stanosz, G. R. and Meier, S.}, pages={128–137} }