@article{mirsalis_1982, title={DISPOSITION OF METHOTREXATE IN BRACON-HEBETOR (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE)}, volume={75}, ISSN={["0013-8746"]}, DOI={10.1093/aesa/75.5.513}, abstractNote={Methotrexate (MTX) is a potent anti-vitellogenic agent in the parasitic wasp Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The disposition of MTX has been examined in B. hebetor by tracing the movement of 3H-MTX. About 30% of an oral dose moved from the gut into the physiological interior of the insect. The amount of MTX in the gut rapidly decreased with a corresponding increase in the level of drug inside the body. A small amount of MTX may be accumulated in the ovaries. MTX is rapidly eliminated from the body in an exponential manner with a half-life of 10.6 h. These results confirm that MTX exerts its anti-vitellogenic effect at the time of treatment, in that when the maximum toxic effects are seen, there is little MTX left in the body.}, number={5}, journal={ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA}, author={MIRSALIS, JC}, year={1982}, pages={513–515} }
 @article{mirsalis_1982, title={MODE OF TOXICITY OF METHOTREXATE IN BRACON-HEBETOR (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE)}, volume={75}, ISSN={["0013-8746"]}, DOI={10.1093/aesa/75.1.89}, abstractNote={Methotrexate (MTX) is a potent anti-vitellogenic agent which produces a severe decline in egg production and hatchability in female Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The addition of glycine, methionine, or inosinic acid was ineffective in alleviating MTX toxicity. The addition of deoxythymidylic acid completely restored egg production; however, there was only a partial restoration of hatchability. The addition of the folate cofactor citrovorum factor (N5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid) completely restored both egg production and hatchability. The inhibition of deoxythymidine biosynthesis appears to be the major cause of toxicity in B. hebetor. The inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis by the inhibition of formyl-methionine production may be a secondary effect.}, number={1}, journal={ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA}, author={MIRSALIS, JC}, year={1982}, pages={89–91} }
 @article{mirsalis_grosch_1978, title={EFFECTS OF 3 FOLIC-ACID ANTAGONISTS ON REPRODUCTION OF HABROBRACON-JUGLANDIS(HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE)}, volume={71}, ISSN={["0013-8746"]}, DOI={10.1093/aesa/71.4.559}, abstractNote={Following ingestion of the folic acid antagonists methotrexate, aminopterin, and trimethoprim, reproductive performance was studied in the parasitic wasp Habrobracon juglandis Ashmead (= Bracon hebetor Say). Methotrexate produces a severe decrease in egg production and hatchability of eggs 2–4 days posttreatment. Aminopterin produces a moderate decline in egg production 3 days posttreatment and a dramatic decline in hatchability on days 2–4. Trimethoprim produces only a very weak decline in egg production for the 1st 3 days posttreatment and a sharp decrease in hatchability on day 1. The number of larvae obtained per female is reduced only moderately by trimethoprim. All 3 drugs demonstrate an excellent dose-response relationship. Methotrexate and aminopterin can be classified as antivitellogenic agents while trimethoprim does not appear to affect vitellogenesis.}, number={4}, journal={ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA}, author={MIRSALIS, JC and GROSCH, DS}, year={1978}, pages={559–563} }