@article{tomaszewski_hargrove_legates_1975, title={ASSESSMENT OF FIELD MEASURES OF MILKING RATE}, volume={58}, ISSN={["1525-3198"]}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(75)84605-4}, abstractNote={Abstract Several measures of milking rate were taken twice per lactation during 1457 Holstein lactations in five herds. These were taken to determine which variable would be most practical as a field measure of milking rate. Milking rates were estimated by peak flow which has been taken as the standard measure for milking rate, average flow, percent of milk produced in the first 2min of machine milking, and the amount of milk produced through the 1st min, first 1.5min, and first 2min of milking. Variables constructed from possible differences among these last three variables were also assessed. A measurement solely used to indicate rate should be obtainable before the 3rd min of milking. If rate were measured after that time, an increasingly larger number of cows would have completed their milking, and their records would not be considered in determining rate of flow. The percent of milk yielded in the first 2min of machine milking had high phenotypic (.90) and genetic (1.0) correlations with peak flow. Percent 2min milk was as repeatable within lactations and as heritable as peak flow. These four properties plus the ease with which percent 2min milk was obtained indicated that percent 2min milk was an adequate field measure of milking rate.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE}, author={TOMASZEWSKI, MA and HARGROVE, GL and LEGATES, JE}, year={1975}, pages={545–550} }
 @article{tomaszewski_mcdaniel_norman_dickinson_1975, title={RELATIONS BETWEEN SIRE SUMMARIES OF FIRST AND SECOND LACTATIONS}, volume={58}, ISSN={["0022-0302"]}, DOI={10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(75)84527-9}, abstractNote={Abstract Sire summaries of one or more progeny in first lactations in each of 20 or more herds were compared to progeny in second lactations of the same 133 Holstein bulls. Progeny in second lactations were also in 20 or more herds, but these herds were completely different from those having first lactation progeny. Since it is unlikely that any of the progeny were common to both the first and second lactation summaries, associations between summaries should estimate genetic associations. Progeny were compared to either contemporaries in first or second lactation or herdmates of all ages. Correlations between summaries for first and second lactations for deviations of milk yield ranged from .56 to .62 compared to an expected correlation for deviations from herdmates of .66. Correlations were highest when progeny were deviated from herdmates of all ages. A progeny test on first lactation milk is about 85% as accurate in predicting second lactation performance as a progeny test on second lactations. Progeny tests for milk yield from only progeny in first lactation are sufficient for most objectives of selection.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE}, author={TOMASZEWSKI, MA and MCDANIEL, BT and NORMAN, HD and DICKINSON, FN}, year={1975}, pages={116–121} }
 @article{tomaszewski_mcdaniel_norman_dickinson_1974, title={CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SIRE SUMMARIES OF PROGENY IN DIFFERENT HERDS}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1525-3198"]}, DOI={10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(74)85011-3}, abstractNote={Abstract Summaries were computed for each of two separate sets of progeny of individual Holstein sires. The two sets were based independently on different herds. Each summary contained one or more progeny in each of 20 or more herds. Summaries contained deviations of average milk production for daughters of sires from contemporaries sired by bulls in artificial insemination, contemporaries by all types of bulls, and all herdmates. Holstein sires, 222, with progeny in first lactation and 147 with progeny in the second lactation were in the analyses. As the number of herdmates in the comparisons increased, correlations between summaries containing the same progeny increased from .60 to .69 for first and from .56 to .70 for second lactations. These were slightly above correlations of .64 for first lactations and .63 for second lactations expected from sire summaries where progeny are compared to all herdmates. Adjusting progeny tests for transmitting abilities of herdmates' sires increased correlations between independent sets of progeny only .01 to .02. Second lactation yield variables were as repeatable as first. Correlations between Predicted Differences of herd-mates' sires in independent sets of herds were .80 indicating progeny groups are not compared with representative samples of sires even for large numbers of progeny. Increase in accuracy of genetic evaluation by adjustment for variation in genetic merit of herdmates' sires is almost certainly greater than is indicated by correlations between repeated, independent sets of progeny.}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE}, author={TOMASZEWSKI, MA and MCDANIEL, BT and NORMAN, HD and DICKINSON, FN}, year={1974}, pages={1076–1082} }