@article{rider_hartig_cardon_wilson_2009, title={Development of a competitive binding assay system with recombinant estrogen receptors from multiple species}, volume={184}, ISSN={["1879-3169"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.015}, abstractNote={In the current study, we developed a new system using full-length recombinant baculovirus-expressed estrogen receptors which allows for direct comparison of binding across species. Estrogen receptors representing five vertebrate classes were compared: human estrogen receptor alpha (hERalpha), quail estrogen receptor alpha (qERalpha), alligator estrogen receptor alpha (aERalpha), salamander estrogen receptor alpha (sERalpha), and fathead minnow estrogen receptor alpha (fhERalpha). Saturation binding analyses indicated 17beta-estradiol (E2) dissociation constants (Kd) were 0.22+/-0.02nM for hERalpha, 0.28+/-0.04nM for sERalpha, 0.44+/-0.04nM for aERalpha, 0.58+/-0.10nM for qERalpha, and 0.58+/-0.05nM for fhERalpha. Binding specificity to each of the receptors was evaluated using E2, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), corticosterone (C), and ethinylestradiol (EE). E2 and EE were strong binders in all species with IC50's ranging from 0.65nM with hERalpha to 1.01nM with sERalpha for E2 and from 0.68nM with sERalpha to 1.20nM with qERalpha for EE. DHT was a weak binder with IC50's ranging from 3.3microM with hERalpha to 39microM with fhERalpha, and C did not bind any of the receptors at concentrations up to 100microM. This system provides a convenient in vitro approach for directly comparing chemical binding to estrogen receptors across multiple species without the need to sacrifice animals.}, number={2}, journal={TOXICOLOGY LETTERS}, author={Rider, Cynthia V. and Hartig, Phillip C. and Cardon, Mary C. and Wilson, Vickie S.}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, pages={85–89} }
 @article{hartig_cardon_blystone_gray_wilson_2008, title={High throughput adjustable 96-well plate assay for androgen receptor binding: A practical approach for EDC screening using the chimpanzee AR}, volume={181}, ISSN={["0378-4274"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.008}, abstractNote={The issue as to whether natural and man-made chemicals interfere with endocrine function has raised concerns. This interference could be biologically significant even at very low doses if the chemicals interact deleteriously with hormone receptors at low concentrations. Therefore, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Office of Coordination and Policy (OSCP) requested that a nonhuman mammalian androgen receptor binding assay be developed for possible use in their Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). Ideally, this assay would be high throughput, not use animals as a source of receptor protein, easily deployed throughout the scientific community, utilize reagents available to both the public and private sector, and have the potential for future automation. We developed a highly modified 96-well plate assay which meets these criteria. It employs a baculovirus expressed recombinant primate androgen receptor which is publically available and exploits the unique ability of some mammalian androgen receptors to remain biologically active after guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) solubilization. This GdnHCl treated receptor remains soluble and requires no additional purification prior to use. We provide a very detailed description of the assay protocol itself, and similarly detailed method for producing and solubilizing the receptor.}, number={2}, journal={TOXICOLOGY LETTERS}, author={Hartig, P. C. and Cardon, M. C. and Blystone, C. R. and Gray, L. E., Jr. and Wilson, V. S.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={126–131} }
 @inproceedings{howdeshell_rider_wilson_gray_2008, title={Mechanisms of action of phthalate esters, individually and in combination, to induce abnormal reproductive development in male laboratory rats}, volume={108}, number={2}, booktitle={Environmental Research (New York, N.Y.)}, author={Howdeshell, K. L. and Rider, C. V. and Wilson, V. S. and Gray, L. E.}, year={2008}, pages={168–176} }
 @article{wilson_leblanc_1999, title={Petroleum pollution}, volume={3}, number={1}, journal={Reviews in Toxicology}, author={Wilson, V. S. and LeBlanc, G. A.}, year={1999}, pages={77} }