Works (38)

Updated: July 16th, 2023 15:50

2017 journal article

Effects of dietary coarsely ground corn and 3 bedding floor types on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gizzard and proventriculus weight, and nutrient digestibility

Poultry Science, 96(7), 2110–2119.

By: Y. Xu n, Y. Lin n, C. Stark n, P. Ferket n, C. Williams n & J. Brake n

author keywords: broilers; corn particle size; live performance; gizzard; apparent ileal digestibility
MeSH headings : Animal Husbandry / methods; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chickens / growth & development; Chickens / physiology; Diet / veterinary; Digestion; Floors and Floorcoverings / methods; Gizzard, Avian / drug effects; Gizzard, Avian / growth & development; Housing, Animal; Male; Organ Size; Proventriculus / drug effects; Proventriculus / growth & development; Random Allocation; Zea mays / chemistry
TL;DR: Broilers fed pelleted and screened diets containing 50% CC exhibited improved live performance and reduced litter moisture while use of new pine wood shavings litter resulted in a somewhat similar effect, which indicated that consumption of NEW litter also facilitated gastric development and function. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Effects of dietary coarsely ground corn and litter type on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gastrointestinal tract development, apparent ileal digestibility of energy and nitrogen, and intestinal morphology

POULTRY SCIENCE, 94(3), 353–361.

By: Y. Xu n, C. Stark n, P. Ferket n, C. Williams n, S. Auttawong n & J. Brake n

author keywords: broilers; corn particle size; live performance; gizzard; apparent ileal digestibility
MeSH headings : Animal Feed / analysis; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chickens / anatomy & histology; Chickens / growth & development; Chickens / physiology; Diet / veterinary; Digestion; Energy Metabolism; Floors and Floorcoverings / methods; Gastrointestinal Tract / anatomy & histology; Gastrointestinal Tract / growth & development; Gastrointestinal Tract / physiology; Housing, Animal; Ileum / physiology; Male; Nitrogen / metabolism; Random Allocation; Zea mays / chemistry
TL;DR: This study showed that birds fed pelleted and screened diets containing 50% CC exhibited improved BW, FCR, and AID of energy and N, in conjunction with altered morphology of the GIT and intestinal mucosa. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Effects of feed form and dietary coarse ground corn on broiler live performance, body weight uniformity, relative gizzard weight, excreta nitrogen, and particle size preference behaviors

POULTRY SCIENCE, 94(7), 1549–1556.

By: Y. Xu n, C. Stark n, P. Ferket n, C. Williams n & J. Brake n

author keywords: corn particle size; mash; crumbled diet; gizzard; selective feeding behavior
MeSH headings : Animal Feed / analysis; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chickens / growth & development; Chickens / physiology; Diet / veterinary; Feces / chemistry; Feeding Behavior; Gizzard, Avian / drug effects; Gizzard, Avian / growth & development; Male; Nitrogen / metabolism; Organ Size / drug effects; Particle Size; Random Allocation; Weight Gain / drug effects; Zea mays / chemistry
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that pelleting and crumbling reduced the impact of CC, produced a more consistent feed intake, and reduced selective feeding, and that CC stimulated gizzard weight in a linear manner in mash diets. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Evaluation of litter type and dietary coarse ground corn inclusion on broiler live performance, gastrointestinal tract development, and litter characteristics

POULTRY SCIENCE, 94(3), 362–370.

By: Y. Xu n, C. Stark n, P. Ferket n, C. Williams n, B. Nusairat n & J. Brake n

author keywords: broilers; corn particle size; live performance; gizzard; litter condition
MeSH headings : Animal Feed / analysis; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chickens / growth & development; Chickens / physiology; Diet / veterinary; Digestion; Female; Floors and Floorcoverings / methods; Floors and Floorcoverings / standards; Gizzard, Avian / physiology; Housing, Animal / standards; Male; Proventriculus / physiology; Random Allocation; Zea mays / chemistry
TL;DR: In conclusion, 50% CC inclusion initially produced negative effects on live performance that became positive as BW increased, and the effects of CC became evident at an earlier age for males. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Predicting characteristics of rainfall driven estrogen runoff and transport from swine AFO spray fields

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 532, 571–580.

By: B. Lee*, S. Kullman n, E. Yost n, M. Meyer*, L. Worley-Davis n, C. Williams n, K. Reckhow*

author keywords: Estrogen runoff and transport; Bayesian network model; Swine animal feeding operation; Spray fields
MeSH headings : Agriculture / methods; Animal Feed; Animals; Bayes Theorem; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Estrogens / analysis; Geologic Sediments; Manure; Models, Chemical; Rain; Soil / chemistry; Swine; Water Movements; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis; Water Pollution, Chemical / statistics & numerical data
TL;DR: What-if scenario analyses suggest that planting Bermuda grass in the spray fields is likely to reduce runoff losses of natural estrogens near the water bodies and ecosystems, as compared to planting of soybeans. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Transport of Steroid Hormones, Phytoestrogens, and Estrogenic Activity across a Swine Lagoon/Sprayfield System

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 48(19), 11600–11609.

By: E. Yost n, M. Meyer*, J. Dietze*, C. Williams n, L. Worley-Davis n, B. Lee*, S. Kullman n

MeSH headings : Agriculture / methods; Androgens / chemistry; Androstenedione / chemistry; Animals; Diet / veterinary; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Equol / chemistry; Estrogens / chemistry; Estrone / chemistry; Feces / chemistry; Genistein / chemistry; Hormones / chemistry; Isoflavones / chemistry; Phytoestrogens / chemistry; Progesterone / chemistry; Steroids / chemistry; Swine; Urine / chemistry
TL;DR: This investigation encompasses the most comprehensive suite of natural hormone and phytoestrogen analytes examined to date across a livestock lagoon/sprayfield and provides global insight into the fate of these analytes in this widely used waste management system. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Comprehensive Assessment of Hormones, Phytoestrogens, and Estrogenic Activity in an Anaerobic Swine Waste Lagoon

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 47(23), 13781–13790.

By: E. Yost n, M. Meyer*, J. Dietze*, B. Meissner*, L. Worley-Davis n, C. Williams n, B. Lee*, S. Kullman n

MeSH headings : Anaerobiosis; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Estrogens / analysis; Mass Spectrometry; Phytoestrogens / analysis; Sewage / chemistry; Swine; Wastewater / chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
TL;DR: Findings emphasize the importance of adsorption and transformation processes in governing the fate of these compounds in lagoon waste, which is ultimately used for broadcast application as a fertilizer. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Effects of feeding strategy on milk production, reproduction, pasture utilization, and economics of autumn-calving dairy cows in eastern North Carolina

JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, 95(2), 997–1010.

By: R. Vibart*, S. Washburn n, J. Green n, G. Benson n, C. Williams n, D. Pacheco*, N. Lopez-Villalobos*

author keywords: stocking rate; supplementation; grazing; milk production
MeSH headings : Animal Feed / economics; Animals; Cattle / physiology; Dairying / economics; Dairying / methods; Diet / veterinary; Dietary Supplements; Female; Lactation / physiology; Milk / metabolism; North Carolina; Reproduction / physiology; Seasons
TL;DR: The greater stocking rate resulted in increased productivity and greater income over feed costs per unit of land, and breed differences were observed; conception rates at first and all services, as well as pregnancy rates, were greater for Jersey and crossbred cows compared with Holsteins. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Endotoxin Levels at Swine Farms Using Different Waste Treatment and Management Technologies

Environmental Science & Technology, 44(9), 3442–3448.

By: G. Ko n, O. Simmons, III, C. Likirdopulos n, L. Worley-Davis n, C. Williams n & M. Sobsey n

MeSH headings : Aerosols / analysis; Agriculture; Air Pollutants / analysis; Air Pollutants / chemistry; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Endotoxins / metabolism; Environmental Monitoring; Horseshoe Crabs; Industrial Waste; Models, Statistical; Swine; Waste Management
TL;DR: It is suggested that swine CAFOs are important sources of airborne endotoxins, the levels of which can be reduced by applying more robust and effective waste management technologies. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Stable thermophilic anaerobic digestion of dissolved air flotation (DAF) sludge by co-digestion with swine manure

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, 101(9), 3020–3024.

By: K. Creamer*, Y. Chen*, C. Williams n & J. Cheng n

author keywords: Anaerobic digestion; Manure; Thermophilic; Dissolved air flotation
MeSH headings : Air; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioreactors / microbiology; Environmental Restoration and Remediation / methods; Manure / analysis; Methane / analysis; Sewage / microbiology; Solubility; Swine; Temperature
TL;DR: Stable operation could not be achieved using pure DAF sludge as a substrate, but in a 1:1 ratio (w/w, dry basis) with swine manure, operation was both stable and productive. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 conference paper

Development of environmentally superior technologies in the US and policy

Bioresource Technology, 100(22), 5512–5518.

By: C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in eastern North Carolina: Part 2 - Potential environmentally superior technologies for waste treatment

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 58(9), 1145–1157.

By: V. Aneja n, S. Arya n, I. Rumsey n, D. Kim n, K. Bajwa n, H. Arkinson n, H. Semunegus n, D. Dickey n ...

Contributors: V. Aneja n, S. Arya n, I. Rumsey n, D. Kim n, K. Bajwa n, H. Arkinson n, H. Semunegus n, D. Dickey n ...

MeSH headings : Agriculture; Air Pollutants, Occupational / analysis; Ammonia / analysis; Animals; North Carolina; Swine / physiology; Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods
TL;DR: This study showed that ammonia emissions were reduced by all but one potential EST for both experimental periods, but on the basis of evaluation results and analysis and available information in the scientific literature, the evaluated alternative technologies may require additional technical modifications to be qualified as unconditional ESTs relative to NH3 emissions reductions. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (Web of Science)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 article

Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in eastern North Carolina: Reduction of emissions from water-holding structures at two candidate superior technologies for waste treatment

Aneja, V. P., Arya, S. P., Rumsey, I. C., Kim, D.-S., Bajwa, K. S., & Williams, C. M. (2008, April). ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, Vol. 42, pp. 3291–3300.

By: V. Aneja*, S. Arya, I. Rumsey*, D. Kim*, K. Bajwa* & C. Williams*

Contributors: V. Aneja*, S. Arya*, I. Rumsey*, D. Kim*, K. Bajwa* & C. Williams*

author keywords: ammonia emissions; ammonia flux; water-holding structures; environmentally superior technologies (ESTs); lagoon and spray technologies (LSTs)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (Web of Science)
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in eastern north carolina: Part 1-conventional lagoon and spray technology for waste treatment

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 58(9), 1130–1144.

By: V. Aneja n, S. Arya n, D. Kim n, I. Rumsey n, H. Arkinson n, H. Semunegus n, K. Bajwa n, D. Dickey n ...

Contributors: V. Aneja n, S. Arya n, D. Kim n, I. Rumsey n, H. Arkinson n, H. Semunegus n, K. Bajwa n, D. Dickey n ...

MeSH headings : Agriculture; Air Pollutants, Occupational / analysis; Ammonia / analysis; Animals; Environmental Monitoring; North Carolina; Swine / physiology; Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods
TL;DR: Ammonia (NH3) fluxes from waste treatment lagoons and barns at two conventional swine farms in eastern North Carolina were measured to elucidate the temporal and diurnal variability and derive regression relationships between NH3 flux and lagoon temperature, pH and ammonium content of the lagoon, and the most relevant meteorological parameters. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (Web of Science)
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Implications of urine-to-feces ratio in the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of swine waste

WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH, 80(3), 267–275.

By: K. Creamer n, C. Williams*, Y. Chen & J. Cheng*

author keywords: anaerobic digestion; inhibition; feces; swine waste; thermophilic; urine
MeSH headings : Anaerobiosis; Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioreactors; Feces / chemistry; Feces / microbiology; Methane / metabolism; Refuse Disposal / methods; Swine; Urine / chemistry; Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods
TL;DR: A metabolic model is proposed and experimentally validated to characterize the aerobic biochemical transformations by PAOs and may be combined with previously formulated metabolic models to better describe the biochemical activity of PAOs with acetate and propionate as the primary carbon sources. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Impact of large poultry operations on groundwater: Stable 15N isotopes of nitrate assessment

International Journal of Poultry Science, 5(4), 318.

By: W. Showers*, C. Williams* & G. Jennings*

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2005 journal article

Science of odor as a potential health issue

Journal of Environmental Quality, 34(1), 129–138.

By: S. Schiffman & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

DUST AND ODOR EMISSIONS FROM TUNNEL VENTILATED SWINE BUILDINGS IN NORTH CAROLINA AND COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT ODOR EVALUATION METHODS

Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 20(3), 343–347.

By: R. Bottcher*, K. Keener*, R. Munilla*, C. Williams* & S. Schiffman*

Sources: NC State University Libraries, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Effect of dietary copper source (cupric citrate and,cupric sulfate) and concentration on growth performance and fecal copper excretion in weanling pigs

Journal of Animal Science, 82(4), 1234–1240.

By: T. Armstrong*, D. Cook, M. Ward, C. Williams* & J. Spears*

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Evaluation of a permeable, 5 cm thick, polyethylene foam lagoon cover

Transactions of the ASAE, 46(5), 1421–1426.

By: J. Miner, F. Humenik*, J. Rice*, D. Rashash, C. Williams*, W. Robarge*, D. Harris, R. Sheffield*

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Heat treatment of turkey litter for reuse as bedding

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2(5), 287.

By: J. Grimes*, C. Williams*, J. Godwin* & J. Smith*

TL;DR: Litter treated by the heat process used for this study produces a bedding material suitable for rearing market turkeys, and did not affect bird mortality. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 review

Some alternative litter materials used for growing broilers and turkeys

[Review of ]. WORLDS POULTRY SCIENCE JOURNAL, 58(4), 515–526.

By: J. Grimes n, J. Smith n & C. Williams n

author keywords: alternative litter; poultry litter; poultry bedding; pine shavings; broilers; turkeys
TL;DR: While bird performance will always be a threshold criterion, cost and availability will ultimately determine the adoption of new or alternative litter materials by poultry growers and the poultry industry. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2001 article

Technologies to address air quality issues impacting animal agriculture

WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 44, pp. 233–236.

By: C. Williams n

author keywords: animal waste; innovative technologies; odor emission control
TL;DR: Performance data, to date, has shown that swine manure treatment systems including a covered in-ground anaerobic digester, a sequencing batch reactor, and an upflow biological aerated filter system significantly improved odor emission variables. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2000 journal article

Dust and odor emissions from tunnel ventilated swine buildings in North Carolina

Air Pollution from Agricultural Operations : Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, October 9-11, 2000, Des Moines, Iowa, 196.

By: R. Bottcher, K. Keener, R. Munilla, C. Williams & S. Schiffman

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2000 journal article

Heat processing of turkey litter for re-use as a bedding material

Proceedings, 2000 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium, 353.

By: J. Grimes, C. Williams, T. Carter & J. Godwin

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2000 journal article

High dietary copper improves odor characteristics of swine waste.

Journal of Animal Science, 78(4), 859.

By: T. Armstrong n, C. Williams n, J. Spears n & S. Schiffman*

MeSH headings : Animal Feed; Animals; Citrates / pharmacology; Copper Sulfate / pharmacology; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Odorants; Swine / metabolism; Waste Management / methods
TL;DR: Data indicate an improvement in odor characteristics of swine waste with the supplementation of Cu, and lower concentrations of an organic nonsulfate Cu source resulted in similar odor characteristics in swine Waste as 225 ppm CuSO4. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2000 journal article

Scent of a swine building: Tunnel ventilation problems test engineers' ingenuity

Resource, Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World, 7(10), 13.

By: R. Bottcher, K. Keener, R. Munilla, C. Williams & S. Schiffman

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1999 journal article

Management and utilization of poultry wastes

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 162(1999), 105–157.

By: C. Williams, J. Barker n & J. Sims*

MeSH headings : Animal Feed; Animals; Humans; Manure / analysis; Nitrogen / metabolism; Phosphorus / metabolism; Poultry; Trace Elements / analysis; Waste Management
TL;DR: Waste by-products such as excreta or bedding material that are generated by the worldwide annual production of poultry meat and 600 billion eggs are generally land applied as the final step of a producer's waste management strategy. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1999 journal article

The use of poultry litter as Co-substrate and source of inorganic nutrients and microorganisms for the ex situ biodegradation of petroleum compounds

POULTRY SCIENCE, 78(7), 956–964.

By: C. Williams n, J. Grimes n & R. Mikkelsen n

author keywords: poultry litter; biodegradation; petroleum hydrocarbons; nitrogen; phosphorus
MeSH headings : Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Chickens; Feces; Petroleum; Turkeys
TL;DR: The results showed that the remediation of soil contaminated with petroleum compounds is significantly enhanced when supplemented with poultry litter ( pelleted or nonpelleted) in concentrations of 10% soil volume, demonstrating the potential for a specialized market for the use of poultry litter. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1998 journal article

Economics of controlling ammonia emission from commercial layer farms

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH, 7(1), 61–68.

By: P. Horne, J. Brake n & C. Williams n

author keywords: ammonia; economics; lagoons; layers; model; nitrogen; poultry; waste management
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1992 patent

Purified Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1 keratinase

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

By: J. Shih & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1991 journal article

EVALUATION OF A BACTERIAL FEATHER FERMENTATION PRODUCT, FEATHER-LYSATE, AS A FEED PROTEIN

POULTRY SCIENCE, 70(1), 85–94.

By: C. Williams n, C. Lee n, J. Garlich n & J. Shih n

author keywords: FEATHER; BACTERIAL FERMENTATION; FEATHER-LYSATE; PROTEIN; NUTRITION
TL;DR: Results indicate that the anaerobic fermentation of feathers offers a potential new process for feather waste treatment to provide a nutritious feed protein. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1991 patent

Method of degrading keratinaceous material and bacteria useful therefor

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

By: J. Shih & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1990 patent

Feather-lysate, a hydrolyzed feather feed ingredient and animal feeds containing the same

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

By: J. Shih & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1990 journal article

Isolation, identification, and characterization of a feather-degrading bacterium

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 56(6), 1509.

By: C. Williams, C. Richter, J. MacKenzie & J. Shih

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1990 patent

Method of degrading keratinaceous material and bacteria useful therefore

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

By: J. Shih & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1989 journal article

ENUMERATION OF SOME MICROBIAL GROUPS IN THERMOPHILIC POULTRY WASTE DIGESTERS AND ENRICHMENT OF A FEATHER-DEGRADING CULTURE

JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY, 67(1), 25–35.

By: C. Williams n & J. Shih n

TL;DR: Information is provided regarding potential biological upgrading of poultry waste digesters for increased operational efficiency and potential industrial application of a feather-hydrolytic micro-organism. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1980 journal article

GENETIC-RESISTANCE OF CHICKENS TO AFLATOXIN ASSESSED WITH ORGAN-CULTURE TECHNIQUES

AVIAN DISEASES, 24(2), 415–422.

By: C. Williams*, W. Colwell & L. Rose

TL;DR: A chick tracheal-organ-culture model system was used to evaluate the sensitivity of various strains of chickens to aflatoxin B1, with male chicks more resistant than female chicks and within-category strains and sex differed significantly in sensitivity to damage by a flatoxin. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

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