@article{rutledge_venditti_pawlak_patel_cibils_2008, title={Carbonized starch microcellular foam-cellulose fiber composite structures}, volume={3}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Rutledge, A. R. and Venditti, R. A. and Pawlak, J. J. and Patel, S. and Cibils, J. L.}, year={2008}, pages={1063–1080} }
 @article{patel_venditti_pawlak_ayoub_rizvi_2009, title={Development of Cross-Linked Starch Microcellular Foam by Solvent Exchange and Reactive Supercritical Fluid Extrusion}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1097-4628"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-62749133534&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/app.29270}, abstractNote={AbstractStarch microcellular foams (SMCFs) are prepared by pore preserving drying or formation processes and contain pores in the micron size range. SMCFs have high specific surface area and are useful for applications such as opacifying pigments or as adsorbent materials. The objective of this research was to determine how the processing conditions and use of a crosslinking agent would affect the foam structure and properties. SMCFs (crosslinked and uncrosslinked) were prepared from molded aquagels and carbon dioxide extrusion processes separately and then solvent exchanged. Extruded samples showed macroscopic pores whereas samples from aquagels showed a much finer micropore structure. Aquagel‐based SMCF samples had lower density and higher brightness than did extruded samples. The starch foams with micropore structure had low density and high brightness. The solvent exchange process was the most important variable in generating a microcellular structure. Micropores and not macropores contributed to increased brightness of these materials. The brightness and density of the foams were found to be linearly related. Crosslinking with epichlorohydrin imparted significant water resistance to the extruded samples as evidenced in lower water swelling and higher contact angles. Equilibrium moisture content was correlated with the microporous structure. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Patel, Sarneerkumar and Venditti, Richard A. and Pawlak, Joel J. and Ayoub, Ali and Rizvi, Syed S. H.}, year={2009}, month={Mar}, pages={2917–2929} }