@article{grieshaber_penland_kwak_cope_heise_law_shea_aday_rice_kullman_et al._2018, title={Relation of contaminants to fish intersex in riverine sport fishes}, volume={643}, ISSN={0048-9697}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.06.071}, DOI={10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.071}, abstractNote={Endocrine active compounds (EACs) are pollutants that have been recognized as an emerging and widespread threat to aquatic ecosystems globally. Intersex, the presence of female germ cells within a predominantly male gonad, is considered a biomarker of endocrine disruption caused by EACs. We measured a suite of EACs and assessed their associated impacts on fish intersex occurrence and severity in a large, regulated river system in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA. Our specific objective was to determine the relationship of contaminants in water, sediment, and fish tissue with the occurrence and severity of the intersex condition in wild, adult black bass (Micropterus), sunfish (Lepomis), and catfish (Ictaluridae) species at 11 sites located on the Yadkin-Pee Dee River. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ethinylestradiol (EE2), and heavy metals were the most prevalent contaminants that exceeded effect levels for the protection of aquatic organisms. Fish intersex condition was most frequently observed and most severe in black basses and was less frequently detected and less severe in sunfishes and catfishes. The occurrence of the intersex condition in fish showed site-related effects, rather than increasing longitudinal trends from upstream to downstream. Mean black bass and catfish tissue contaminant concentrations were higher than that of sunfish, likely because of the latter's lower trophic position in the food web. Principal component analysis identified waterborne PAHs as the most correlated environmental contaminant with intersex occurrence and severity in black bass and sunfish. As indicated by the intersex condition, EACs have adverse but often variable effects on the health of wild sport fishes in this river, likely due to fluctuations in EAC inputs and the dynamic nature of the riverine system. These findings enhance the understanding of the relationship between contaminants and fish health and provide information to guide ecologically comprehensive conservation and management decisions.}, journal={Science of The Total Environment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grieshaber, C.A. and Penland, T.N. and Kwak, T.J. and Cope, W.G. and Heise, R.J. and Law, J.M. and Shea, Damian and Aday, D.D. and Rice, J.A. and Kullman, S.W. and et al.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={73–89} }
 @article{lee pow_law_kwak_cope_rice_kullman_aday_2017, title={Endocrine active contaminants in aquatic systems and intersex in common sport fishes}, volume={36}, ISSN={0730-7268}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ETC.3607}, DOI={10.1002/etc.3607}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lee Pow, Crystal S.D. and Law, J. Mac and Kwak, Thomas J. and Cope, W. Gregory and Rice, James A. and Kullman, Seth W. and Aday, D. Derek}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={959–968} }
 @article{lee pow_tilahun_creech_law_cope_kwak_rice_aday_kullman_2017, title={Windows of Susceptibility and Consequences of Early Life Exposures to 17β–estradiol on Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Reproductive Success}, volume={51}, ISSN={0013-936X 1520-5851}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ACS.EST.7B01568}, DOI={10.1021/acs.est.7b01568}, abstractNote={Estrogens and estrogen mimics are commonly found in surface waters and are associated with deleterious effects in fish populations. Impaired fertility and fecundity in fish following chronic exposures to estrogens and estrogen mimics during critical windows in development are well documented. However, information regarding differential reproductive effects of exposure within defined developmental stages remains sparse. In this study, reproductive capacity was assessed in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) after exposure to two concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2β; 2 ng/L and 50 ng/L) during four distinct stages of development: gonad development, gonad differentiation, development of secondary sex characteristics (SSC) and gametogenesis. Exposure to E2β did not adversely impact survival, hatch success, growth, or genotypic ratios. In contrast, exposure to 50 ng/L E2β during SSC development altered phenotypic ratios and SSC. Exposure to both E2β treatments reduced reproductive capacity (fertility, fecundity) by 7.3-57.4% in adult medaka breeding pairs, with hindrance of SSC development resulting in the largest disruption in breeding capacity (51.6-57.4% decrease) in the high concentration. This study documents differential effects among four critical stages of development and provides insight into factors (window of exposure, exposure concentration and duration of exposure period) contributing to reproductive disruption in fish.}, number={9}, journal={Environmental Science & Technology}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Lee Pow, Crystal S.D. and Tilahun, Kedamawit and Creech, Kari and Law, J. Mac and Cope, W. Gregory and Kwak, Thomas J. and Rice, James A. and Aday, D. Derek and Kullman, Seth W.}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={5296–5305} }
 @article{eldridge_sweeney_mac law_2015, title={Fish growth, physiological stress, and tissue condition in response to rate of temperature change during cool or warm diel thermal cycles}, volume={72}, number={10}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, author={Eldridge, W. H. and Sweeney, B. W. and Mac Law, J.}, year={2015}, pages={1527–1537} }
 @article{hurley-sanders_stoskopf_nelson_showers_law_gracz_levine_2015, title={Tissue extraction methods for metabolic profiling of a freshwater bivalve, Elliptio complanata}, volume={33}, ISSN={0740-2783 2162-2698}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4003/006.033.0209}, DOI={10.4003/006.033.0209}, abstractNote={Abstract: 
 Much is still unknown about why freshwater mussels (Unionidae) are particularly sensitive to environmental change. A better understanding of freshwater mussel metabolism is needed, and the field of environmental metabolomics holds the promise to inform these questions. A number of protocols exist for the extraction of metabolites for identification from animal tissues. As a first step in the application of environmental metabolomics to the study of freshwater mussels, we compared extraction protocols using an inorganic oxidizing acid (perchloric acid), an organic nitrile (acetonitrile), and a salt/water solution (Ringer's solution) to establish an uncomplicated, robust, repeatable and inexpensive tissue extraction protocol for freshwater mussel tissue. Perchloric acid resulted in notable extraction of energy-related nucleotides (AMP/ADP/ATP), yet had the lowest peak count of the three extraction methods and showed poor repeatability. Acetonitrile and Ringer's solution yielded metabolite extraction results similar to each other with Ringer's solution having the greatest number of peaks particularly in the 3.0–4.5 ppm sugar/amino acid range. Ringer's solution is simple to use, safe and consistent and bears consideration when selecting an extraction protocol for 1H nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.}, number={2}, journal={American Malacological Bulletin}, publisher={American Malacological Society}, author={Hurley-Sanders, J.L. and Stoskopf, M. and Nelson, S.A.C. and Showers, W. and Law, J.M. and Gracz, H.S. and Levine, J.F.}, year={2015}, pages={185–194} }
 @article{van wettere_law_hinton_kullman_2013, title={Phenotypic Characterization of Transgenic Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) That Express a Red Fluorescent Protein in Hepatocytes}, volume={42}, ISSN={0192-6233 1533-1601}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623313499643}, DOI={10.1177/0192623313499643}, abstractNote={ Transgenic organisms that express fluorescent proteins are used frequently for in vivo visualization of proteins and cells. The phenotype of a transgenic medaka ( Oryzias latipes) strain that expresses a red fluorescent protein (RFP) in hepatocytes was characterized using light and fluorescence microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Expression of RFP was first detected by confocal fluorescence microscopy in the location of the liver bud of live medaka embryos at 60 hr postfertilization (developmental stage 27). Subsequently, RFP signal was observed exclusively in hepatocytes throughout life using fluorescence microscopy in live fish and immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver sections. As the fish aged, prominent intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions immunoreactive for RFP were observed by light microscopy and were correlated with membrane-bound electron dense inclusions on TEM. These results define the onset and location of RFP expression in the Tg(zf.L-fabp:DsRed) medaka and characterize a histologic phenotype that results from RFP expression in hepatocytes. }, number={3}, journal={Toxicologic Pathology}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Van Wettere, Arnaud J. and Law, J. Mac and Hinton, David E. and Kullman, Seth W.}, year={2013}, month={Aug}, pages={616–621} }
 @article{wooten_blikslager_marks_law_graeber_lascelles_2009, title={Effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with varied cyclooxygenase-2 selectivity on cyclooxygenase protein and prostanoid concentrations in pyloric and duodenal mucosa of dogs}, volume={70}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.70.10.1243}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.70.10.1243}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={10}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Wooten, Jenna G. and Blikslager, Anthony T. and Marks, Steve L. and Law, J. Mac and Graeber, Elizabeth C. and Lascelles, B. Duncan X.}, year={2009}, month={Oct}, pages={1243–1249} }
 @inproceedings{kent_feist_harper_hoogstraten-miller_mac law_sanchez-morgado_tanguay_sanders_spitsbergen_whipps_2009, title={Recommendations for control of pathogens and infectious diseases in fish research facilities}, volume={149}, number={2}, booktitle={Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. C, Toxicology & Pharmacology}, author={Kent, M. L. and Feist, S. W. and Harper, C. and Hoogstraten-Miller, S. and Mac Law, J. and Sanchez-Morgado, J. M. and Tanguay, R. L. and Sanders, G. E. and Spitsbergen, J. M. and Whipps, C. M.}, year={2009}, pages={240–248} }