@article{grimes_carter_gernat_godwin_2007, title={A novel bedding material made from cotton waste, gypsum, and old newsprint for rearing turkeys}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1537-0437"]}, DOI={10.3382/japr.2007-00034}, abstractNote={SUMMARY Two experiments and 3 field trials were conducted to examine the usefulness of a novel bedding material for rearing Large White commercial turkeys. The control bedding was pine shavings (PS) in both experiments and all trials. The novel bedding, aGroChips (AC), is a chopped paper product made from cotton lint waste, gypsum, and old newsprint following a proprietary paper manufacturing process. In both experiments, hens and toms were reared according to typical industry techniques. In the first experiment, use of AC resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) heavier toms and hens. In the second, the toms brooded and reared on AC were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier than those brooded and reared on PS, whereas toms brooded on one bedding and then reared on the other were intermediate in weight. There were no differences in final cumulative FCR or carcass yield in either experiment. Three field trials were conducted with Large White commercial turkey hens in which the hens were brooded either on PS or AC, with both groups reared on PS. There was a mean increase of 0.2 kg in BW, a decrease (improvement) of 0.03 in FCR, and an increase of 3,200 kg per trial for AC-brooded birds (based on 16,000 hens placed per brooder house). A hard, dry litter crust was observed in the AC houses. With subsequent testing, further changes in the manufacturing process to create a hard, durable pellet may result in a more usable and useful bedding material.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Grimes, J. L. and Carter, T. A. and Gernat, A. E. and Godwin, J. L.}, year={2007}, pages={598–604} }
 @article{grimes_carter_godwin_2006, title={Use of a litter material made from cotton waste, gypsum, and old newsprint for rearing broiler chickens}, volume={85}, ISSN={["0032-5791"]}, DOI={10.1093/ps/85.3.563}, abstractNote={Three experiments, which included 4 broiler flocks, were conducted to examine the usefulness of a novel bedding material for rearing broilers. The control bedding was pine shavings. The novel bedding, aGroChips (AC), was a chopped material made from cotton lint waste, gypsum, and old newsprint using a proprietary paper manufacturing process (Novovita, Inc., Raleigh, NC). All birds were fed the same feeding program: starter from 0 to 3 wk, grower from 3 to 5 or 6 wk, and finisher during the last week. Birds were marketed at either 6 or 7 wk of age. Feed consumption by pen and individual bird BW were measured at 3 and 6 or 7 wk. Mean BW and feed conversion, adjusted to include weight of mortality, were calculated. A sample of birds (n = 10) from each pen was evaluated for hock and foot pad condition. Each pen was evaluated at the end of the trial for litter cake index in 3 of the 4 flocks. Litter cake index scores were generally higher for birds reared on AC litters. There were no other differences in bird performance for any of the flocks. In conclusion, broilers reared on AC bedding perform as well as those reared on pine shavings.}, number={3}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Grimes, JL and Carter, TA and Godwin, JL}, year={2006}, month={Mar}, pages={563–568} }
 @article{edens_carter_parkhurst_sefton_2000, title={Effect of selenium source and litter type on broiler feathering}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1056-6171"]}, DOI={10.1093/japr/9.3.407}, abstractNote={Abstract Inorganic sodium selenite (NaSe; 0.1 and 0.3 ppm) and organic selenium yeast (Sel Plex 50: OR; 0.1 and 0.3 ppm) were provided in the diets of broilers placed on four different litter types: 1) ACR paper (diced recycled low-density fiber paper treated with boric acid, 4.5%), 2) shavings (pine wood shavings), 3) diced/cross-cut news print, or 4) 50% mixture of ACR and shavings, in a 32-pen broiler house with curtain side walls. Subjective body feathering scores ranging from 0 (no feathers) to 5 (best) were determined at 3, 5, and 6 wk of age. In experiment 1, feather scores at 6 wk of age were improved significantly with OR supplementation at 0.3 ppm compare to all other selenium treatments, and in Experiment 2 both levels of OR supplementation were associated with improved feathering compared to NaSe supplementation. ACR paper caused reduced feathering in both experiments, and neither NaSe nor OR were sufficient to overcome the problem. In both experiments, OR was associated with better feathering for broilers on all litters at all ages. Performance parameters such as feed conversion ratios were not affected by selenium source even though feathering, an energetically expensive function, was improved in the OR-fed birds.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Edens, FW and Carter, TA and Parkhurst, CR and Sefton, AE}, year={2000}, pages={407–413} }
 @article{grimes_williams_carter_godwin_2000, title={Heat processing of turkey litter for re-use as a bedding material}, ISBN={0962768267}, journal={Proceedings, 2000 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium}, publisher={Auburn University, AL : National Poultry Waste Management Symposium Committee}, author={Grimes, J. L. and Williams, C. M. and Carter, T. A. and Godwin, J. L.}, year={2000}, pages={353} }
 @article{godwin_carter_grimes_2000, title={The use of litter plus(R) as a bedding material for broilers}, ISBN={0962768267}, journal={Proceedings, 2000 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium}, publisher={Auburn University, AL : National Poultry Waste Management Symposium Committee}, author={Godwin, J. L. and Carter, T. A. and Grimes, J. L.}, year={2000}, pages={344} }
 @article{burton_carter_farmer_huie_1997, title={Registration of 'Clifford' soybean}, volume={37}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060057x}, abstractNote={Crop ScienceVolume 37, Issue 6 cropsci1997.0011183X003700060057x p. 1980-1980 Registration of Cultivars Registration of ‘Clifford’ Soybean J. W. Burton, Corresponding Author J. W. Burton [email protected] USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Corresponding author ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorT. E. Carter Jr., T. E. Carter Jr. USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this authorF. S. Farmer, F. S. Farmer USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this authorE. B. Huie, E. B. Huie USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this author J. W. Burton, Corresponding Author J. W. Burton [email protected] USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Corresponding author ([email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorT. E. Carter Jr., T. E. Carter Jr. USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this authorF. S. Farmer, F. S. Farmer USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this authorE. B. Huie, E. B. Huie USDA-ARS, Dep. of Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7631Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 November 1997 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060057xCitations: 5AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume37, Issue6November–December 1997Pages 1980-1980 RelatedInformation}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Burton, JW and Carter, TE and Farmer, FS and Huie, EB}, year={1997}, pages={1980–1980} }
 @article{carter_allison_mills_west_1979, title={WOOD CHIPS FOR POULTRY LITTER}, volume={58}, ISSN={["0032-5791"]}, DOI={10.3382/ps.0580994}, abstractNote={Abstract Green wood chip litter from standing pine, hardwood trees, and a 50/50 pine-hardwood mix was compared to shavings from air-dried lumber. Eight-week old weight, feed conversion, and mortality of broilers reared on the four litter types were not significantly different (P}, number={4}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={CARTER, TA and ALLISON, RC and MILLS, WC and WEST, JR}, year={1979}, pages={994–997} }