@article{schirmers_davis_wooten_dudziak_yim_mcnelis_2009, title={CALCULATION OF PHOTON EXPOSURE AND AMBIENT DOSE SLANT-PATH BUILDUP FACTORS FOR RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT}, volume={167}, ISSN={["0029-5450"]}, DOI={10.13182/NT09-1}, abstractNote={Abstract Slant-path photon buildup factors for nine radiation shielding materials (air, aluminum, concrete, iron, lead, leaded glass, polyethylene, stainless steel, and water) are calculated with the most recent cross-section data available using Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates methods. Discrete ordinates calculations use a 244-group energy structure based on previous research at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and focus on the effects of group widths in multigroup calculations for low-energy photons. Buildup-factor calculations in discrete ordinates benefit from coupled photon/electron cross sections to account for secondary photon effects. Also, ambient dose equivalent buildup factors were analyzed at lower energies where corresponding response functions do not exist in the literature. The results of these studies are directly applicable to radiation safety at LANL, where the dose-modeling code PANDEMONIUM is used to estimate worker dose in plutonium-handling facilities. Buildup factors determined in this work will be used to enhance the code’s modeling capabilities but also should be of general interest to the radiation shielding community.}, number={3}, journal={NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY}, author={Schirmers, Fritz G. and Davis, Adam and Wooten, H. Omar and Dudziak, Donald J. and Yim, Man-Sung and McNelis, David}, year={2009}, month={Sep}, pages={395–409} } @article{wooten_dudziak_hertel_kornreich_davis_2008, title={Purely angular effects of photon buildup factors for thin shields of lead, iron, aluminum, and water}, volume={159}, ISSN={["1943-748X"]}, DOI={10.13182/NSE06-42}, abstractNote={Abstract This study investigates purely angular effects on photon buildup factors for slabs with optical thickness up to 10 mean free paths. Photon buildup factors are determined for different slabs, upon which monoenergetic photons between 50 keV and 10 MeV are incident at angles between 0 and 1.48 radians. As the incident angle is increased, the physical slab thickness is reduced to maintain a constant slant-path optical thickness relative to incident photons. This method identifies previously unexplored angular relationships between slab thickness and incident angle. Coupled electron/photon cross sections are used to account for secondary photon effects of bremsstrahlung and electron binding energies. The discrete ordinates code PARTISN is used to determine angular photon buildup factors for ten incident energies and ten incident angles for lead, iron, aluminum, and water slabs. Portions of these results are applicable to other slab geometry buildup studies.}, number={3}, journal={NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING}, author={Wooten, H. Omar and Dudziak, Donald J. and Hertel, Nolan E. and Kornreich, Drew E. and Davis, Adam C.}, year={2008}, month={Jul}, pages={296–310} } @misc{davis_hussey_baum_bakker_schots_2000, title={Nematode parasitism genes}, volume={38}, ISSN={["1545-2107"]}, DOI={10.1146/annurev.phyto.38.1.365}, abstractNote={The ability of nematodes to live on plant hosts involves multiple parasitism genes. The most pronounced morphological adaptations of nematodes for plant parasitism include a hollow, protrusible stylet (feeding spear) connected to three enlarged esophageal gland cells that express products that are secreted into plant tissues through the stylet. Reverse genetic and expressed sequence tag (EST) approaches are being used to discover the parasitism genes expressed in nematode esophageal gland cells. Some genes cloned from root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and cyst (Heterodera and Globodera spp.) nematodes have homologues reported in genomic analyses of Caenorhabditis elegans and animal-parasitic nematodes. To date, however, the candidate parasitism genes endogenous to the esophageal glands of plant nematodes (such as the ß-1,4-endoglucanases) have their greatest similarity to microbial genes, prompting speculation that genes for plant parasitism by nematodes may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer.}, journal={ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY}, author={Davis, EL and Hussey, RS and Baum, TJ and Bakker, J and Schots, A}, year={2000}, pages={365–396} }