@article{johnson_wilson_flowers_croom_2012, title={Perceptions of North Carolina High School Agricultural Educators Regarding Students with Special Needs Participating in Supervised Agricultural Experience and FFA Activities}, volume={53}, ISSN={1042-0541}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2012.04041}, DOI={10.5032/jae.2012.04041}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of North Carolina high school agricultural educators toward including students with special needs when implementing Supervised Agricultural Experience and participating in FFA activities. The population was all high school agricultural educators in North Carolina with 12 month employment (N = 307). A simple random sample of 172 was selected with a response rate of 45.9%. Participants completed a questionnaire that measured teachers’ perceptions and collected demographic information. Data analysis indicated that teachers had positive perceptions toward including students with special needs when implementing SAE. Teachers perceived that FFA participation was beneficial for students with special needs, but there were more limitations for these students than for other students. Teachers most frequently perceived student ability as a barrier to working with these students in SAE and the FFA.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Johnson, Lendy and Wilson, Elizabeth and Flowers, Jim and Croom, Barry}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={41–54} }
 @article{matsche_flowers_markin_stence_2010, title={Observations and treatment of Nitzschia sturionis on Atlantic Sturgeon from Chesapeake Bay}, volume={22}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Aquatic Animal Health}, author={Matsche, M. A. and Flowers, J. R. and Markin, E. L. and Stence, C. P.}, year={2010}, pages={174–181} }
 @article{dzikowski_levy_poore_flowers_paperna_2004, title={Clinostomum complanatum and Clinostomum marginatum (Rudolphi, 1819) (Digenea : Clinostomidae) are separate species based on differences in ribosomal DNA}, volume={90}, ISSN={["0022-3395"]}, DOI={10.1645/GE-159R}, abstractNote={Infections by metacercariae of Clinostomum (Leidy, 1856) species adversely affect aquacultured fish and are potentially transmissible to humans. Molecular methodologies are efficient tools, which enable diagnosis of all life-history stages of trematodes in their diverse hosts. The small subunit of ribosomal DNA genes of adults of the Old World Clinostomum complanatum (Rudolphi, 1819) and the New World Clinostomum marginatum (Rudolphi, 1819), obtained from a little egret Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) and the great blue heron Ardea herodias (Linnaeus, 1758), respectively, were amplified, sequenced, and aligned. The resulting alignment was used to develop a genetic assay to differentiate between these species.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY}, author={Dzikowski, R and Levy, MG and Poore, MF and Flowers, JR and Paperna, I}, year={2004}, month={Apr}, pages={413–414} }
 @article{dzikowski_levy_poore_flowers_paperna_2004, title={Use of rDNA polymorphism for identification of heterophyidae infecting freshwater fishes}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1616-1580"]}, DOI={10.3354/dao059035}, abstractNote={Infections by trematodes are among the most common fish-borne zoonoses. Metacercariae of the Family Heterophyidae in marine and freshwater fishes are nonfastidious in their choice of definitive hosts, and therefore, cause infections in human and domestic animals. In the present study, species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were developed for identifying and differentiating the various species examined. Sequencing and aligning the 18S (SSU) rDNA revealed interspecific variation for which species-specific DNA oligonucleotides were designed and used for the identification of 6 heterophyid species recovered from piscivorous birds. The oligonucleotides were further used to evaluate the various stages (cercariae recovered from snails, metacercariae recovered from fish and adult trematodes) of the digeneans. By applying this method we elucidated for the first time the life cycle of Pygidiopsis genata. The phylogenetic interrelationship among the newly sequenced species of Heterophyidae is outlined.}, number={1}, journal={DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS}, author={Dzikowski, R and Levy, MG and Poore, MF and Flowers, JR and Paperna, I}, year={2004}, month={Apr}, pages={35–41} }
 @article{wilson_kirby_flowers_2002, title={Factors Influenceing The Intent Of North Carolina Agricultural Educators To Adopt Agricultural Biotechnology Curriculum}, volume={43}, ISSN={1042-0541}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2002.01069}, DOI={10.5032/jae.2002.01069}, abstractNote={In North Carolina, secondary agricultural education programs can now offer a state adopted integrated biotechnology course entitled Biotechnology and Agriscience Research. Empirical evidence was needed to identify and describe factors related to the intent of agricultural educators to adopt this curriculum in order to assist teachers during this transition. North Carolina agricultural educators were randomly surveyed to determine their self-perceived level of knowledge, actual level of knowledge and perceived importance of integrated science competencies in the course. This descriptive correlational study described how agricultural educators perceived the course in fulfilling program needs, perceived barriers to teaching the course, and the likelihood of agricultural educators in North Carolina adopting the course. Exploratory research was conducted to identify factors that best predicted the intent of agricultural educators to adopt the course. Agricultural educators accurately perceive that they lack biotechnology knowledge but they support its importance and recognize the benefits of integrated curriculum in agricultural education. Agricultural educators perceive that funding, equipment and teacher knowledge are the largest barriers to adopting integrated science curriculum. Agricultural educators most likely to teach biotechnology have less years of teaching experience, have attended some biotechnology training, and perceive that the curriculum will fulfill their program needs.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Wilson, Elizabeth and Kirby, Barbara and Flowers, Jim}, year={2002}, month={Mar}, pages={69–81} }
 @article{flowers_hammerberg_wood_malarkey_dam_levy_mclawhorn_2002, title={Heterobilharzia americana infection in a dog}, volume={220}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2002.220.193}, abstractNote={A 7-year-old castrated male Golden Retriever cross was evaluated because of intermittent blood-tinged diarrhea, severe weight loss, anorexia, and lethargy of 2 months' duration; the dog was unresponsive to antimicrobial and standard anthelmintic treatment. Results of fecal flotations for parasite ova were negative. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities and total protein and globulin conentrations were greater than reference ranges. Biopsy specimens were obtained during laparotomy and examination revealed multiple granulomatous lesions with helminth ova nidi in the intestine, pancreas, liver, and mesenteric lymph node. Saline solution direct smear and saline solution sedimentation of feces yielded trematode ova that were morphologically consistent with Heterobilharzia americana. Identification was confirmed when miracidia were hatched from these ova and produced characteristic cercariae from infected snails. An antigen capture ELISA, typically used for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in humans, was performed, and schistosome circulating anodic antigen was detected. Treatment with 30 mg of praziquantel/kg (14 mg/lb) of body weight stopped ova shedding, removed detectable circulating antigens, and caused the dog's body weight and attitude to return to normal. Although this is the first report of canine heterobilharziasis in North Carolina, it suggests that heterobilharziasis is underdiagnosed in dogs that have contact with water frequented by raccoons. Inappropriate diagnostic procedures can foil accurate detection of this parasitic disease.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Flowers, JR and Hammerberg, B and Wood, SL and Malarkey, DE and Dam, GJ and Levy, MG and McLawhorn, LD}, year={2002}, month={Jan}, pages={193–196} }
 @article{croom_flowers_2001, title={Factors Influencing An Agricultural Education Student's Perception Of The FFA Organization}, volume={42}, DOI={10.5032/jae.2001.02028}, abstractNote={The FFA is a learning tool that both enhances and supplements instruction. While agricultural education prepares students for careers, the FFA prepares students for a broad range of community interests. This systematic program of leadership, personal growth, and career success is the essential purpose of this student organization. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference between FFA members and non-members as to their perception of the overall image of the FFA, and to determine if students' perceptions of the image of the FFA are influenced by social and demographic characteristics. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to 404 students enrolled in the Agriscience Applications course in 27 high schools in North Carolina. It can be concluded that: A student's decision to join or not join the FFA is influenced by their perception of the image of FFA in their school. Students tend to join and participate in the FFA based upon the organization's ability to meet a student's need for a sense of belonging. Based upon the responses of members, the social aspects of the organization were motivating factors in their desire to be members.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Croom, DB and Flowers, JL}, year={2001}, pages={28–37} }