@article{dowler_siciliano_pratt-phillips_poore_2012, title={Determination of Pasture Dry Matter Intake Rates in Different Seasons and Their Application in Grazing Management}, volume={32}, ISSN={0737-0806}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2011.06.006}, DOI={10.1016/j.jevs.2011.06.006}, abstractNote={Eight mature horses weighing 576 ± 32 kg (mean ± SD) were used to compare differences in pasture dry matter (DM) intake rate in October (period 1), February (period 2), and May (period 3). Horses were randomly assigned to a pair of adjacent 5 m × 5 m grazing cells containing nontoxic, endophyte-infected tall fescue. Horses had access to each cell for 4 hours. Pasture DM intake rate was estimated over the entire 8-hour period by measuring the pre- and postgrazing herbage mass within each cell and was expressed as kg DM/100 kg body weight (BW)/hr. Mean 8-hour DM intake rate in period 1 (0.17 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr) was greater (P < .001) than for period 2 (0.09 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr) and period 3 (0.11 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr), but it was not different (P = .274) between periods 2 and 3. A second experiment using the same eight horses was conducted immediately after the first experiment, within each season, to determine whether the DM intake rates derived from the first experiment could be used along with estimates of maintenance digestible energy (DE) requirements and pasture DE concentrations to predict the amount of grazing time required for a horse to consume only its maintenance DE requirement and maintain zero BW change over a 6-week period. Grazing time necessary to maintain zero BW change was accurately predicted for period 1 only.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Equine Veterinary Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Dowler, Lauren E. and Siciliano, Paul D. and Pratt-Phillips, Shannon E. and Poore, Matthew}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={85–92} }
 @article{pratt-phillips_owens_dowler_cloninger_2010, title={Assessment of Resting Insulin and Leptin Concentrations and Their Association With Managerial and Innate Factors in Horses}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1542-7412"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jevs.2010.01.060}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to determine how insulin and leptin concentrations varied in a large population of privately owned horses. Further, the study was designed to examine the relationships between insulin and leptin with innate (sex, age, breed) and managerial (diet, exercise) factors in these horses. Resting blood samples (for determination of glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations), body condition scores, feed information, and health history were collected from 366 privately owned horses. In this group of horses, 48% were considered overweight (Body Condition Score ≥6) and 8% were considered hyperinsulinemic (insulin concentrations >30 μU/mL). Confirming the findings of studies within research herds, both insulin and leptin concentrations were found to be correlated with body condition score (P < .001). It was also found that geldings had higher insulin concentrations than mares (P < .05). Ponies were found to have higher insulin and leptin concentrations as well as higher body condition scores, than several other breeds examined. While not a specific measure of insulin sensitivity, resting insulin concentrations have been associated with quantitative measurements of insulin sensitivity and may be useful in large-scale studies for estimating insulin and glucose dynamics. Because of the association between insulin resistance and obesity with diseases such as laminitis, the findings of the present study may help owners identify horses that may be at risk for the development of such conditions.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Pratt-Phillips, Shannon E. and Owens, Kelly M. and Dowler, Lauren E. and Cloninger, Madison T.}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={127–133} }
 @article{siciliano_pratt-phillips_dowler_2009, title={Evaluation of Factors Contributing to Daily Within-Horse Variation of Plasma Alpha-Tocopherol Concentration}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1542-7412"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jevs.2009.10.011}, abstractNote={The current study was conducted to evaluate daily within-horse variation of plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration (TOC) (Experiment 1 [EXPT1]) and to determine the effect of a single meal on plasma TOC (Experiment 2 [EXPT2]). In EXPT1, venous jugular blood samples were collected from four pregnant (6–7 months of gestation), light horse mares (8.8 ± 2.9 years of age, mean ± SD; range, 5–11 years of age) between 7:30 AM and 8:30 AM, followed by eight hourly samples, and analyzed for plasma TOC. All horses were fed 5 kg dry matter (DM) grass hay 18 hours before sample collection and received no additional feed during the sampling period. Mean within-horse coefficient of variation for TOC was 3.5% ± 0.01%. In EXPT2, seven mature light horses, four mares and three geldings (4.9 ± 4.4 years of age, mean ± SD; range, 2–14 years of age), were randomly assigned to one of two treatments (fasted [FST; n = 7] or fed [FD; n = 7]), followed by reversal of treatments 24 hours later. At 7:30 AM, FD horses were fed 2.1 kg DM grain-mix concentrate (187 IU vitamin E/kg DM) plus 3.3 kg DM mixed-grass hay, whereas FST horses received no feed. Neither group received any feed for 18 hours before 7:30 AM. Venous jugular blood samples were collected at 10:30 AM from all horses and analyzed for plasma TOC. The mean (±SD) within-horse paired-treatment difference was not significant (0.05 ± 0.12 μg/mL). The results suggest that variation in within-horse plasma TOC is relatively small over an 8-hour period in fasting horses and is unaffected 3 hours after a hay grain meal.}, number={12}, journal={JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Siciliano, Paul D. and Pratt-Phillips, Shannon E. and Dowler, Lauren E.}, year={2009}, month={Dec}, pages={842–847} }