@article{hardie_ramirez_clary_kornegay_correa_feimster_robertson_1998, title={Abnormalities of the thoracic bellows: Stress fractures of the ribs and hiatal hernia}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-1676.1998.tb02123.x}, abstractNote={The thoracic bellows mechanism consists of the rib cage and the diaphragm. The purpose of this study was to determine if nontraumatically acquired lesions of the bellows were secondary to underlying disease. Abnormalities of the bellows, specifically stress fractures of the ribs and hiatal hernia, were found in 21 dogs and cats with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, neuromuscular disease, or metabolic disease. A case-control study of Bulldogs demonstrated that hiatal hernia was associated with the more severe manifestations of brachycephalic syndrome. Stress fractures occurred mostly in females and in cats, and involved multiple ribs. Fractures were usually related to severe respiratory effort, but also occurred in association with metabolic disease. Hiatal hernia was also associated with severe respiratory effort, but may be exacerbated if a neuromuscular disorder affecting the diaphragm is present. Abnormalities of the thoracic bellows, such as rib stress fractures and hiatal hernia, may be signs of underlying disease, rather than being primary causes of disease.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Hardie, EM and Ramirez, O and Clary, EM and Kornegay, JN and Correa, MT and Feimster, RA and Robertson, ER}, year={1998}, pages={279–287} }
 @article{kyles_stone_gookin_spaulding_clary_wylie_spodnick_1998, title={Diagnosis and surgical management of obstructive ureteral calculi in cats: 11 cases (1993-1996)}, volume={213}, number={8}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, author={Kyles, A. E. and Stone, E. A. and Gookin, J. and Spaulding, K. and Clary, E. M. and Wylie, K. and Spodnick, G.}, year={1998}, pages={1150–1156} }
 @article{clary_roe_1996, title={In vitro biomechanical and histological assessment of pilot hole diameter for positive-profile external skeletal fixation pins in canine tibiae}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0161-3499"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01443.x}, abstractNote={This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pilot hole (PH) diameter (0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.7, 3.1, 3.3, 3.5, and 3.7 mm) on the biomechanical and microstructural performance of positive-profile threaded external skeletal fixation pins (3.18 mm inner diameter, 3.97 mm outer diameter) using cadaveric canine tibiae. Eight pins per pilot hole diameter (four pins per bone) were used to assess differences in end-insertional torque and pin pull-out strength. Histological evaluation of eight bicortical pin tracts per pilot hole diameter was accomplished using computer-interfaced videomicroscopy on specimens processed using a bulk-staining technique. Compared with no predrill, use of 2.7 mm PH increased end-insertional torque and pull-out strength by 25% and 13.5%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in biomechanical variables for the PH diameter range of 2.0 to 3.1 mm. Compared with no predrill, use of a 3.1 mm PH increased thread area by 18%. Microfracturing around the threads decreased as PH diameter increased. Damage to the interface at the entry and exit sites of both near and far cortices also decreased as PH diameter increased. It was concluded that predrilling a PH whose diameter approximates, but does not exceed the inner diameter of the positive profile pin will not only improve initial pin stability compared with no predrilling, but it will also reduce microstructural damage that may lead to excessive bone resorption and premature pin loosening.}, number={6}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Clary, EM and Roe, SC}, year={1996}, pages={453–462} }
 @article{clary_hardie_fischer_kyles_1996, title={Nonendoscopic antegrade percutaneous gastrostomy: The effect of preplacement gastric insufflation on tube position and intra-abdominal anatomy}, volume={10}, ISSN={["0891-6640"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-1676.1996.tb02018.x}, abstractNote={Nonendoscopic tube gastrostomy was performed on 47 anesthetized dogs using the technique of Fulton and Dennis with or without gastric insufflation prior to tube placement. Immediately after tube placement, dogs were euthanized and postmortem examinations performed. When gastric insufflation was not performed (group I), gastrostomy tubes penetrated the visceral surface of the stomach in 25% of dogs. The deep leaf of the omentum was interposed between stomach and body wall in the majority of these dogs, exposing other intra-abdominal organs to potential injury. Additionally, displacement and tethering of the spleen cranial to the gastrostomy site were observed in 33% of dogs in group I. Similar results were obtained when preplacement gastric insufflation was performed after the orogastric tube was inserted sufficiently far to displace the stomach laterally against the body wall (group II). In contrast, consistent positioning of gastrostomy tubes through the parietal surface of the stomach was achieved when the stomach was insufflated prior to lateralizing the left abdominal wall with the gastric end of the orogastric tube (group III). It was concluded that the blind percutaneous gastrostomy technique is made safer by insufflating the stomach immediately prior to pushing the gastric wall laterally into contact with the parietal peritoneum.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Clary, EM and Hardie, EM and Fischer, WD and Kyles, AE}, year={1996}, pages={15–20} }