@article{croom_decubellis_coles_daniel_christensen_2006, title={Effect of in ovo peptide YY on the ontogeny of glucose transport in turkey poults}, volume={5}, ISBN={1682-8356}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2006.128.133}, abstractNote={Previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that peptide YY (PYY) administration to turkey poults at d25 of incubation enhances intestinal Na-dependent active glucose uptake. This study was designed to further characterize the ontogeny of glucose transport in embryonic and hatchling poults and to investigate the effects of PYY on this process during development. In Trial 1, 20 turkey eggs were randomly selected at days 20, 23, and 26 of incubation, as well as the day of hatch. Hatchlings were cervically dislocated and the body weight, jejunal length and jejunal weight were recorded. Jejunal glucose uptake was estimated by measuring H-3-O-methyl-D-glucose accumulation in 2 mm jejunal rings in vitro. Jejunal O 3 2 consumption was measured in vitro on jejunal rings using an O probe. In Trial 2, 40 turkey eggs were 2 randomly selected at days 20, 23 and 25 of incubation and injected, via the air sac, with either 0.9% saline or 0.9 % saline plus 400 μg PYY/kg egg weight. Embryos from each treatment were harvested on days 23, 26 and day of hatch. Measurements and analyses on jejunal tissue were conducted as in Trial 1. In Trial 2, embryonic weight and jejunal weight adjusted for body weight increased (p<0.05) with stage of incubation, while adjusted jejunal length decreased (p<0.01). Active and total glucose uptake and jejunal O2 consumption increased with age (p<0.05). The energetic efficiency of glucose uptake increased (p<0.05) between d26 and hatch. In Trial 2, PYY failed to significantly affect body or jejunal weight, glucose absorption, and O consumption at any stage of development. PYY did however, decrease the efficiency of glucose 2 uptake at d26 and at hatch (p<0.05). In contrast to earlier investigations using higher dosages of PYY, this study demonstrated that in ovo PYY administration at 400 μg/kg egg weight has little effect of jejunal function in turkeys.}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Croom, W. J. and Decubellis, J. and Coles, B. A. and Daniel, L. R. and Christensen, V. L.}, year={2006}, pages={128} }
 @article{coles_croom_daniel_christensen_eisen_2001, title={In ovo peptide YY administration improves body weight at hatch and day 3 in turkey poults}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1056-6171"]}, DOI={10.1093/japr/10.4.380}, abstractNote={SUMMARY Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that in ovo administration of peptide YY (PYY) at Day 18 of incubation enhanced adjusted feed conversion ratio (AFCR) and BW gains of broilers during the first week post-hatch. Preliminary studies have also shown that in ovo PYY administration at Day 25 of incubation also increases jejunal glucose absorption in 1-d-old Nicholas turkey poults. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the effects of in ovo PYY administration on growth and feed conversion in two turkey lines: a commercial growth line (BUT; British United Turkey, UK) and the Egg Line. Eggs from both turkey lines were randomly placed in the same incubator. On Day 25 of incubation, 380 BUT and 440 Egg Line eggs were injected with 100 µL 1.025% saline (control) or 600 µg PYY/kg egg weight. At hatch, 168 poults from each treatment group were wing-banded, weighed, and randomly distributed across pens in four Petersime batteries. A standard turkey starter crumble feed and water were available ad libitum. Feed and birds were weighed on Days 3, 10, and 17 to determine BW gains and AFCR. Poults of both lines from PYY-treated eggs were heavier (P < 0.01) than controls at Day 3. This effect was not apparent at Days 10 and 17. A subset of birds from each treatment group was randomly chosen at Day 17 and sexed by dissection. At hatch and again at Day 3, there were no BW differences (P = 0.94 and P = 0.15, respectively) noted between sexes. Males were heavier at 10 and 17 d (P = 0.0001). These results suggest that PYY enhances poult weight and may attenuate differences in BW caused by gender during early post-hatch life.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Coles, BA and Croom, J and Daniel, LR and Christensen, VL and Eisen, EJ}, year={2001}, pages={380–384} }
 @article{berg_croom_fernandez_spears_eisen_taylor_daniel_coles_boeheim_mannon_2000, title={Peptide YY administration decreases brain aluminum in the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model}, volume={64}, number={1-2}, journal={Growth, Development, & Aging}, author={Berg, B. M. and Croom, J. and Fernandez, J. M. and Spears, J. W. and Eisen, E. J. and Taylor, I. L. and Daniel, L. R. and Coles, B. A. and Boeheim, F. and Mannon, P. J.}, year={2000}, pages={3–19} }
 @article{coles_croom_brake_daniel_christensen_phelps_gore_taylor_1999, title={In ovo peptide YY administration improves growth and feed conversion ratios in week-old broiler chicks}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0032-5791"]}, DOI={10.1093/ps/78.9.1320}, abstractNote={The effects of in ovo Peptide YY (PYY) administration on growth and feed conversion ratios in a commercial broiler line were investigated. Six hundred Ross male x Cobb female eggs were administered either 0.9% saline (control) or 600 microg/kg egg weight PYY in ovo at Day 18 of incubation. On day of hatching, 210 birds from each treatment group were randomly placed by sex into pens. Body weights at placement were not different between treatment groups. Average chick body weight and adjusted pen feed conversion ratios were improved by PYY in ovo treatment at 7 d posthatch (165.7 vs. 170.2 g, P<0.02; and 1.55 vs. 1.49, P<0.04, respectively). No significant differences between treatments were noted for these parameters at 21 or 42 d of age. These results suggest that in ovo treatment of broiler chicken eggs with gastrointestinal hormones that increase intestinal nutrient absorption, such as PYY, may enhance chick performance.}, number={9}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Coles, BA and Croom, WJ and Brake, J and Daniel, LR and Christensen, VL and Phelps, CP and Gore, A and Taylor, IL}, year={1999}, month={Sep}, pages={1320–1322} }
 @article{croom_brake_coles_havenstein_christensen_mcbride_peebles_taylor_1999, title={Is intestinal absorption capacity rate-limiting for performance in poultry?}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1537-0437"]}, DOI={10.1093/japr/8.2.242}, abstractNote={Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing perception that limitations in gastrointestinal absorption may be detrimental to posthatch survival and subsequent performance. This perception is based on a large body of information demonstrating that genetic selection for growth in domestic poultry alters intestinal structure from that of their wild counterparts. Furthermore, recent advances in our understanding of the energetic costs of absorption suggest that biochemical as well as structural changes in intestinal function have decreased absorptive function and efficiency in both chickens and turkeys. The recent discovery that some gastrointestinal peptides enhance nutrient absorption has allowed limited, direct testing of this hypothesis. The results of preliminary studies indicate that intestinal absorption enhancement technology may have beneficial practical application. More detailed studies are needed to fully assess the economic potential of intestinal absorption enhancement in poultry.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Croom, WJ and Brake, J and Coles, BA and Havenstein, GB and Christensen, VL and McBride, BW and Peebles, ED and Taylor, IL}, year={1999}, pages={242–252} }
 @misc{croom_taylor_coles_1999, title={Method of treating birds in ovo}, volume={5,916,869}, number={1999 June 29}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Croom, W. J., Jr. and Taylor, I. L. and Coles, B. A.}, year={1999} }