@article{eggleston_parsons_kellison_plaia_johnson_2008, title={Functional response of sport divers to lobsters with application to fisheries management}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1939-5582"]}, DOI={10.1890/06-1409.1}, abstractNote={Fishery managers must understand the dynamics of fishers and their prey to successfully predict the outcome of management actions. We measured the impact of a two-day exclusively recreational fishery on Caribbean spiny lobster in the Florida Keys, USA, over large spatial scales (>100 km) and multiple years and used a theoretical, predator-prey functional response approach to identify whether or not sport diver catch rates were density-independent (type I) or density-dependent (type II or III functional response), and if catch rates were saturated (i.e., reached an asymptote) at relatively high lobster densities. We then describe how this predator-prey framework can be applied to fisheries management for spiny lobster and other species. In the lower Keys, divers exhibited a type-I functional response, whereby they removed a constant and relatively high proportion of lobsters (0.74-0.84) across all pre-fishing-season lobster densities. Diver fishing effort increased in a linear manner with lobster prey densities, as would be expected with a type-I functional response, and was an order of magnitude lower in the upper Keys than lower Keys. There were numerous instances in the upper Keys where the density of lobsters actually increased from before to after the fishing season, suggesting some type of "spill-in effect" from surrounding diver-disturbed areas. With the exception of isolated reefs in the upper Keys, the proportion of lobsters removed by divers was density independent (type-I functional response) and never reached saturation at natural lobster densities. Thus, recreational divers have a relatively simple predatory response to spiny lobster, whereby catch rates increase linearly with lobster density such that catch is a reliable indicator of abundance. Although diver predation is extremely high (approximately 80%), diver predation pressure is not expected to increase proportionally with a decline in lobster density (i.e., a depensatory response), which could exacerbate local extinction. Furthermore, management actions that reduce diver effort should have a concomitant and desired reduction in catch. The recreational diver-lobster predator-prey construct in this study provides a useful predictive framework to apply to both recreational and commercial fisheries, and on which to build as management actions are implemented.}, number={1}, journal={ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS}, author={Eggleston, David B. and Parsons, Darren M. and Kellison, G. Todd and Plaia, Gayle R. and Johnson, Eric G.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={258–272} }
 @article{kellison_eggleston_taylor_burke_2003, title={An assessment of biases associated with caging, tethering, and trawl sampling of summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus)}, volume={26}, ISSN={["0160-8347"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF02691694}, number={1}, journal={ESTUARIES}, author={Kellison, GT and Eggleston, DB and Taylor, JC and Burke, JS}, year={2003}, month={Feb}, pages={64–71} }
 @article{eggleston_johnson_kellison_nadeau_2003, title={Intense removal and non-saturating functional responses by recreational divers on spiny lobster Panulirus argus}, volume={257}, ISSN={["1616-1599"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps257197}, abstractNote={The effects of recreational fishing often go undetected, yet can lead to the collapse of fishery populations. Fishery managers must understand the dynamics of recreational fishers and their prey to successfully predict the outcome of management actions. We measured the impact of a 2 d exclusively recreational fishery on the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus in the Florida Keys, USA, and used a theoretical, predator-prey functional response approach to identify whether or not sport diver catch rates were density-independent or -dependent (Types I, II or III functional response), and if catch rates were saturated (i.e. reached an asymptote) at relatively high lobster densities. Herein, we describe how this predator-prey framework could be applied to fisheries management for the spiny lobster. Our approach consisted of SCUBA diver surveys of lobster distribution and abundance patterns immediately before and after the 2 d recreational 'mini-season' coupled with counts of recreational boats and divers to assess the aggregative response of divers to lobster density. During the mini-season, the density of boats along coral patch reefs and patch heads was over 900 × higher than during the regular fishing season ~3 wk later. Overall, there was a 95 and 79% decline in mean lobster densities in the patch reef and patch head habitats, respectively. Fishing effort was 10 × greater on patch heads than on reefs, prob- ably due to ~100-fold higher lobster densities in patch-head habitats. In both patch reefs and heads, the proportion of lobsters removed by divers was density-independent (Type I functional response). Diver catch never reached saturation at natural lobster densities. Thus, recreational divers have a relatively simple predatory response to spiny lobsters, whereby catch rates increase linearly with lobster density such that catch is a reliable indicator of abundance. A major concern is that the current levels of lobster exploitation by sport divers are extremely high (~90%); however, diver predation pressure is not expected to increase proportionally with a decline in lobster density, which could exacerbate local extinction. Management actions that reduce diver effort should have a concomitant reduction in catch. The recreational diver-lobster predator-prey construct in this study provides a useful predictive frame- work on which to build as the spatiotemporal scales of measurements expand, management actions are implemented, and the lobster population varies.}, number={2003}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Eggleston, DB and Johnson, EG and Kellison, GT and Nadeau, DA}, year={2003}, pages={197–207} }
 @article{kellison_eggleston_taylor_burke_osborne_2003, title={Pilot evaluation of summer flounder stock enhancement potential using experimental ecology}, volume={250}, ISSN={["0171-8630"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps250263}, abstractNote={Stock enhancement is receiving increasing attention as a management tool to rebuild depleted fisheries. Unfortunately, proactive studies addressing the potential of stock enhancement to accomplish management goals prior to the implementation of enhancement efforts are uncommon. We outline an ecologically based, pilot protocol with which to address the potential of fisheries stock enhancement using hatchery-reared (HR) organisms, through trial releases coupled with laboratory and field experiments with juvenile summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus. Released HR fish did not persist in nursery habitats in which wild fish enjoyed relatively long residence times and high sur- vival. Multiple lines of observations and evidence suggest that the relatively rapid disappearance of released HR fish was not a result of emigration. Caging and tethering trials, coupled with previously obtained behavioral data, suggest that the poor performance of HR fish in this study was a result of increased susceptibility to predation-induced mortality, as compared with wild fish. These results suggest that post-release survival of HR summer flounder might be increased by (1) improving meth- ods of predator-conditioning, (2) releasing HR fish in sites that serve as natural refuges from preda- tors, or (3) releasing fish at larger sizes. While poor post-release survival of HR summer flounder may limit the success of stock enhancement efforts with this species, we suggest that conclusions regard- ing the potential of stock enhancement as a management tool can only be made if biological in- formation is coupled with economic information to predict economic costs associated with stock enhancement relative to costs associated with alternative management approaches.}, number={2003}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Kellison, GT and Eggleston, DB and Taylor, JC and Burke, JS and Osborne, JA}, year={2003}, pages={263–278} }
 @article{kellison_eggleston_tanaka_2002, title={Density-dependent predation and implications for stock enhancement with Japanese flounder}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1095-8649"]}, DOI={10.1006/jfbi.2002.1913}, abstractNote={In laboratory predation trials kinsen-gani crab Matuta lunaris rarely preyed on hatchery-reared (HR) Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, even at extremely elevated prey densities (c. 90 fish m−2), but fed readily on sacrificed Japanese founder. This suggests that under similar conditions in the wild predator-prey interactions between kinsen-gani and juvenile Japanese flounder are likely to be weak. Larger Japanese flounder readily cannibalized smaller conspecifics, suggesting that within-release group cannibalism may contribute considerably to post-release mortality of HR Japanese flounder when sufficient size variation exists within groups of released fish. Kinsen-gani presence had no effect on within-release group cannibalism rates of large Japanese flounder on small Japanese flounder. Within-release group cannibalism rates were significantly affected by densities of smaller (prey) fish, implying that the number of fish released (and thus post-release densities) in stock enhancement programmes may significantly affect post-release mortality rates. The probability of within-release group cannibalism increased rapidly as the cannibal-to-prey size ratio exceeded 1.6, suggesting that minimizing size variation of released HR individuals will reduce post-release cannibalism rates. These results have implications for Japanese flounder stock enhancement release strategies, and may be applicable to other finfish stock enhancement programmes.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY}, author={Kellison, GT and Eggleston, DB and Tanaka, M}, year={2002}, month={Apr}, pages={968–980} }
 @article{kellison_eggleston_burke_2000, title={Comparative behaviour and survival of hatchery-reared versus wild summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus)}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-57-9-1870}, abstractNote={We describe the use of laboratory trials to compare substrate-specific behaviour and susceptibility to predation of hatchery-reared (HR) versus wild summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) juveniles. HR fish spent significantly more time swimming in the water column than wild fish and took significantly longer to become cryptic on the benthos than wild fish, regardless of substrate type. In predation trials with a blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) predator, naïve HR fish were significantly more susceptible to predation than wild fish. Antipredator-conditioned HR fish were significantly less susceptible to predation than naïve HR fish but significantly more susceptible than wild fish, irrespective of substrate. The modified behavioural patterns and increased susceptibility to predation of HR individuals observed in this study indicate that flounder reared in psychosensory-deprived hatchery environments may be poorly equipped to survive in natural habitats; they also indicate that it may be possible to mitigate detrimental behavioural patterns by exposing naïve HR fish to natural stimuli before release into natural environments. These results have important implications for stock enhancement, suggesting that stocked organisms are more likely to achieve postrelease survival if they are conditioned with natural stimuli prior to release into the wild.}, number={9}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Kellison, GT and Eggleston, DB and Burke, JS}, year={2000}, month={Sep}, pages={1870–1877} }
 @article{kellison_sedberry_1998, title={The effects of artificial reef vertical profile and hole diameter on fishes off South Carolina}, volume={62}, number={3}, journal={Bulletin of Marine Science}, author={Kellison, G. T. and Sedberry, G. R.}, year={1998}, pages={763–780} }