@article{saracco_collazo_groom_carlo_2005, title={Crop size and fruit neighborhood effects on bird visitation to fruiting Schefflera morototoni trees in Puerto Rico}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1744-7429"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1744-7429.2005.04040.x}, abstractNote={ABSTRACTStudies of zoochorous seed dispersal systems often consider crop size, yet seldom consider the kinds and amounts of fruits surrounding parent plants (the fruit neighborhood) when attempting to explain among‐plant variation in fruit removal. We studied avian frugivory at 24 Schefflera morototoni trees from February to May 1998 in central Puerto Rico. The number of fruits removed by avian seed dispersers per visit was similar among focal trees (typically 2–4). In contrast, visitation rate was highly variable (range: 0–71 visits per 4 h). We used multiple regression analyses to evaluate the relative roles of crop size (focal tree ripe fruit abundance) and fruit neighborhood variables (measured within 30 m of focal trees) in affecting visitation to focal trees by avian frugivores. Visitation rate was positively related to crop size (although this variable was only significant in one of four regression models considered) and negatively related to the presence or abundance of conspecific fruits, suggesting that trees competed intraspecifically for dispersers. Relationships between visitation and heterospecific fruits were mixed—some kinds of fruits appeared to enhance visitation to focal trees, while others seemed to reduce visitation. In most regression models, neighborhood variables had larger effects on visitation than focal tree fruit crop size. Our results highlight the important effects of local fruiting environments on the ability of individual plants to attract seed dispersers.}, number={1}, journal={BIOTROPICA}, author={Saracco, JF and Collazo, JA and Groom, MJ and Carlo, TA}, year={2005}, month={Mar}, pages={81–87} }
 @article{saracco_collazo_groom_2004, title={How do frugivores track resources? Insights from spatial analyses of bird foraging in a tropical forest}, volume={139}, ISSN={["1432-1939"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00442-004-1493-7}, abstractNote={Frugivores often track ripe fruit abundance closely across local areas despite the ephemeral and typically patchy distributions of this resource. We use spatial auto- and cross-correlation analyses to quantify spatial patterns of fruit abundance and avian frugivory across a 4-month period within a forested 4.05-ha study grid in Puerto Rico. Analyses focused on two tanager species, Spindalis portoricensis and Nesospingus speculiferus, and their principal food plants. Three broad questions are addressed: (1). at what spatial scales is fruit abundance and frugivory patchy; (2). at what spatial scales do frugivores respond to fruit abundance; and (3). to what extent do spatial patterns of frugivory overlap between bird species? Fruit patch size, species composition, and heterogeneity was variable among months, despite fruit patch locations remaining relatively consistent between months. Positive correlations between frugivory and fruit abundance suggested tanagers successfully tracked fruit abundance. Frugivory was, however, more localized than fruit abundance. Scales of spatial overlap in frugivory and monthly variation in the foraging locations of the two tanager species suggested that interspecific facilitation may have been important in determining bird foraging locations. In particular, S. portoricensis, a specialist frugivore, may have relied on the loud calls of the gregarious generalist, N. speculiferus, to find new foraging areas. Such a mechanism could help explain the formation of mixed species feeding flocks and highlights the potential importance of facilitation between species that share resources.}, number={2}, journal={OECOLOGIA}, author={Saracco, JF and Collazo, JA and Groom, MJ}, year={2004}, month={Apr}, pages={235–245} }
 @article{saracco_collazo_1999, title={Predation on artificial nests along three edge types in a North Carolina bottomland hardwood forest}, volume={111}, number={4}, journal={Wilson Bulletin}, author={Saracco, J. F. and Collazo, J. A.}, year={1999}, pages={541–549} }