@article{gaskin_schantz_jackson_birkenheuer_tomlinson_gramiccia_levy_steurer_kollmar_hegarty_et al._2002, title={Visceral leishmaniasis in a New York foxhound kennel}, volume={16}, ISSN={["0891-6640"]}, DOI={10.1892/0891-6640(2002)016<0034:VLIANY>2.3.CO;2}, abstractNote={Although endemic throughout much of the world, autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis has been reported on only 3 previous occasions in North America. After diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in 4 foxhounds from a kennel in Dutchess County, New York (index kennel), serum and ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-anticoagulated blood were collected from the remaining 108 American or cross-bred foxhounds in the index kennel and from 30 Beagles and Basset Hounds that were periodically housed in the index kennel. Samples were analyzed for antibodies to or DNA of tickborne disease pathogens and Leishmania spp. Most dogs had antibodies to Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp., or some combination of these pathogens but not to Bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffi). However, DNA of rickettsial, ehrlichial, or babesial agents was detected in only 9 dogs. Visceral leishmaniasis was diagnosed in 46 of 112 (41%) foxhounds from the index kennel but was not diagnosed in any of the Beagles and Basset Hounds. A positive Leishmania status was defined by 1 or more of the following criteria: a Leishmania antibody titer > or = 1:64, positive Leishmania polymerase chain reaction (PCR), positive Leishmania culture, or identification of Leishmania amastigotes by cytology or histopathology. The species and zymodeme of Leishmania that infected the foxhounds was determined to be Leishmania infantum MON-1 by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Foxhounds that were > 18 months of age or that had traveled to the southeastern United States were more likely to be diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis. Transmission of Leishmania spp. in kennel outbreaks may involve exposure to an insect vector, direct transmission, or vertical transmission.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Gaskin, AA and Schantz, P and Jackson, J and Birkenheuer, A and Tomlinson, L and Gramiccia, M and Levy, M and Steurer, F and Kollmar, E and Hegarty, BC and et al.}, year={2002}, pages={34–44} }
 @article{poulson_dewhirst_gaskin_vujaskovic_samulski_prescott_meyer_page_thrall_2000, title={Acute pancreatitis associated with administration of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in tumor-bearing dogs}, volume={14}, number={6}, journal={In Vivo (Athens, Greece)}, author={Poulson, J. M. and Dewhirst, M. W. and Gaskin, A. A. and Vujaskovic, Z. and Samulski, T. V. and Prescott, D. M. and Meyer, R. E. and Page, R. L. and Thrall, D. E.}, year={2000}, pages={709–714} }
 @article{vujaskovic_poulson_gaskin_thrall_page_charles_macfall_brizel_meyer_prescott_et al._2000, title={Temperature-dependent changes in physiologic parameters of spontaneous canine soft tissue sarcomas after combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia treatment}, volume={46}, ISSN={["0360-3016"]}, DOI={10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00362-4}, abstractNote={The objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of hyperthermia on tumor oxygenation, extracellular pH (pHe), and blood flow in 13 dogs with spontaneous soft tissue sarcomas prior to and after local hyperthermia.Tumor pO2 was measured using an Eppendorf polarographic device, pHe using interstitial electrodes, and blood flow using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).There was an overall improvement in tumor oxygenation observed as an increase in median pO2 and decrease in hypoxic fraction (% of pO2 measurements <5 mm Hg) at 24-h post hyperthermia. These changes were most pronounced when the median temperature (T50) during hyperthermia treatment was less than 44 degrees C. Tumors with T50 > 44 degrees C were characterized by a decrease in median PO2 and an increase in hypoxic fraction. Similar thermal dose-related changes were observed in tumor perfusion. Perfusion was significantly higher after hyperthermia. Increases in perfusion were most evident in tumors with T50 < 44 degrees C. With T50 > 44 degrees C, there was no change in perfusion after hyperthermia. On average, pHe values declined in all animals after hyperthermia, with the greatest reduction seen for larger T50 values.This study suggests that hyperthermia has biphasic effects on tumor physiologic parameters. Lower temperatures tend to favor improved perfusion and oxygenation, whereas higher temperatures are more likely to cause vascular damage, thus leading to greater hypoxia. While it has long been recognized that such effects occur in rodent tumors, this is the first report to tie such changes to temperatures achieved during hyperthermia in the clinical setting. Furthermore, it suggests that the thermal threshold for vascular damage is higher in spontaneous tumors than in more rapidly growing rodent tumors.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS}, author={Vujaskovic, Z and Poulson, JM and Gaskin, AA and Thrall, DE and Page, RL and Charles, HC and MacFall, JR and Brizel, DM and Meyer, RE and Prescott, DM and et al.}, year={2000}, month={Jan}, pages={179–185} }