@article{van kempen_peak_yanrui_2004, title={In vitro digestibility could meet quality control needs}, volume={76}, ISBN={0014-9624}, number={8}, journal={Feedstuffs}, author={Van Kempen, T. and Peak, S. and YanRui, Qiao}, year={2004}, pages={11} }
 @article{elibol_peak_brake_2002, title={Effect of flock age, length of egg storage, and frequency of turning during storage on hatchability of broiler hatching eggs}, volume={81}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/81.7.945}, DOI={10.1093/ps/81.7.945}, abstractNote={Broiler hatching eggs from two young (30 and 31 wk) or two old (52 and 53 wk) breeder flocks were stored for 3, 7, or 14 d at 18 C and 75% RH while being turned 0, 4, or 24 times per day in two experiments. Apparent fertility and hatchability of total eggs differed with flock age in both experiments, but the effect was greater in Experiment 1. Hatchability of total and fertile eggs were decreased with flock age in Experiment 1 (31 and 52 wk flocks), but only hatchability of total eggs was decreased in Experiment 2. Hatchability of fertile eggs declined with length of storage period in both experiments with the most obvious effect observed in eggs stored 14 d. There was an increase in percentages of early and late embryonic mortality with length of storage period in both experiments. Hatchability of fertile eggs was increased by turning 4 or 24 times per day during storage in Experiment 1 or by four times per day, with 24 times per day intermediate, in Experiment 2. There were no storage time x turning in storage interactions. A significant interaction of flock age x turning in storage for hatchability of fertile eggs in Experiment 1 suggested that eggs from an older broiler breeder flock that exhibit reduced fertility benefited more from turning during storage than did eggs from a young broiler breeder flock.}, number={7}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Elibol, O and Peak, SD and Brake, J}, year={2002}, month={Jul}, pages={945–950} }
 @article{bruzual_peak_brake_peebles_2000, title={Effects of Relative Humidity During Incubation on Hatchability and Body Weight of Broiler Chicks from Young Breeder Flocks}, volume={79}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.6.827}, DOI={10.1093/ps/79.6.827}, abstractNote={We conducted an experiment to determine the effect of relative humidity (RH) during incubation on characteristics of hatched chicks from eggs produced by young broiler breeders. Eggs were collected for 6 consecutive d, every other week, in each of two trials from broiler breeder flocks at 26, 28, and 30 wk of age. The eggs were randomly distributed in machines according to RH treatments that were 43, 53, and 63% RH from set to pulling time at 21.75 and 22 d of incubation for Trials 1 and 2, respectively. The same dry bulb temperature (37.5 C) was used throughout incubation for both trials. Body weight at hatch, but not BW at pull (removal from machine), increased significantly with increasing RH treatment. The BW at hatch and BW at pull increased with increasing hen age. Percentages of late dead and fertile hatchability were the highest for the 63% and 53% RH treatments, respectively. These data demonstrated that, although a high RH during incubation produced chicks with increased BW at hatch, this extra weight was greatly reduced by time of pull, which suggests a significant rate of evaporation even in the presence of high RH. Further, the high RH appears to have a detrimental effect on embryonic development, as evidenced by the increased percentage of late dead.}, number={6}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Bruzual, J.J. and Peak, S.D. and Brake, J. and Peebles, E.D.}, year={2000}, month={Jun}, pages={827–830} }
 @article{bruzual_peak_brake_peebles_2000, title={Effects of relative humidity during the last five days of incubation and brooding temperature on performance of broiler chicks from young broiler breeders}, volume={79}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/79.10.1385}, DOI={10.1093/ps/79.10.1385}, abstractNote={Broiler hatching eggs were subjected to one RH condition (53% RH) from 0 to 16 d and switched to one of three different RH conditions (43, 53, or 63%) from transfer at 16 d to pull time at 21.67 d of incubation. The broiler breeder ages were 27, 29, and 31 wk for Trial 1, and 26, 28, and 30 wk for Trial 2 in Experiment 1. For both trials, BW at hatch, BW at pull, hatch time, and chick weight loss between hatching and pull were measured. All unhatched eggs were opened and examined macroscopically. Experiment 2 was conducted using the chicks produced in Experiment 1. The chicks were immediately placed after pull and randomly distributed by sex into brooding pens by RH treatment in Trial 1, and by sex, RH, and brooding temperature in Trial 2. Two brooding conditions, warm and cool, were used in Trial 2. Body weight at placement, BW gain to 12 d, feed conversion, and mortality were recorded. There was no effect of RH treatment on fertile hatchability. Body weight at hatch, pull, and placement increased with hen age. Mortality was higher for the late-hatching chicks in the warm brooding conditions in Trials 1 and 2 of Experiment 2, whereas mortality was significantly greater for the early-hatching chicks and those chicks hatched at 43% RH under the cool-brooding temperature conditions. Relative humidity treatment had no effect on chick performance in the presence of warm brooding conditions. Warm brooding conditions improved BW gain to 12 d compared with cold brooding conditions. Overall, optimal chick performance was achieved at 53% RH. Chick quality problems that may be due to high or low RH during incubation can be ameliorated by proper brooding conditions.}, number={10}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Bruzual, J.J. and Peak, S.D. and Brake, J. and Peebles, E.D.}, year={2000}, month={Oct}, pages={1385–1391} }
 @article{peak_walsh_benton_brake_van horne_2000, title={Effects of two planes of nutrition on performance and uniformity of four strains of broiler chicks}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1056-6171"]}, DOI={10.1093/japr/9.2.185}, abstractNote={Abstract Growers of broilers have recommended feeding lower protein feeds in order to reduce feed cost and nitrogen content of litter. However, the impact that very low protein feeds may have on broiler performance has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, two planes of nutrition (Standard=NRC-recommended level; or Low=66.1-69.5% as much protein) were fed to each sex of four broiler strains to 8 wk of age. Body weight, feed conversion, mortality, carcass yield, and uniformity were determined. Birds on the Low plane of nutrition had lower body weights, higher feed conversion, decreased carcass yield, and increased abdominal fat pad. In addition, the Low plane of nutrition decreased body weight uniformity and decreased uniformity of parts yield. However, the Low plane of nutrition reduced mortality to 6 wk of age and increased the percentage of dark meat yield. The data indicate that uniformity may be negatively impacted by a lower than NRC plane of nutrition, but careful application of low protein diets along with selection of an appropriate processing age will minimize the negative impact.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Peak, SD and Walsh, TJ and Benton, CE and Brake, J and Van Horne, PLM}, year={2000}, pages={185–194} }