@article{recht_comen_fine_fleming_hardenbergh_ho_hudis_hwang_kirshner_morrow_et al._2017, title={Postmastectomy radiotherapy: an american society of clinical oncology, american society for radiation oncology, and society of surgical oncology focused guideline update}, volume={24}, number={1}, journal={Annals of Surgical Oncology}, author={Recht, A. and Comen, E. A. and Fine, R. E. and Fleming, G. F. and Hardenbergh, P. H. and Ho, A. Y. and Hudis, C. A. and Hwang, E. S. and Kirshner, J. J. and Morrow, M. and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={38–51} }
 @misc{ligibel_barry_alfano_hershman_irwin_neuhouser_thomson_delahanty_frank_spears_et al._2017, title={Randomized phase III trial evaluating the role of weight loss in adjuvant treatment of overweight and obese women with early breast cancer (Alliance A011401): study design}, volume={3}, journal={npj Breast Cancer}, author={Ligibel, J. A. and Barry, W. T. and Alfano, C. and Hershman, D. L. and Irwin, M. and Neuhouser, M. and Thomson, C. A. and Delahanty, L. and Frank, E. and Spears, P. and et al.}, year={2017} }
 @article{recht_comen_fine_fleming_hardenbergh_ho_hudis_hwang_kirshner_morrow_et al._2017, title={Regarding current recommendations for postmastectomy radiation therapy in patients with one to three positive axillary lymph nodes reply}, volume={35}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author={Recht, A. and Comen, E. A. and Fine, R. E. and Fleming, G. F. and Hardenbergh, P. H. and Ho, A. Y. and Hudis, C. A. and Hwang, E. S. and Kirshner, J. J. and Morrow, M. and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={1258–1258} }
 @article{spears_havell_hamrick_goforth_levine_abraham_heiss_azadi_orndorff_2016, title={Listeria monocytogenes wall teichoic acid decoration in virulence and cell-to-cell spread}, volume={101}, ISSN={["1365-2958"]}, DOI={10.1111/mmi.13353}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={5}, journal={MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Spears, Patricia A. and Havell, Edward A. and Hamrick, Terri S. and Goforth, John B. and Levine, Alexandra L. and Abraham, S. Thomas and Heiss, Christian and Azadi, Parastoo and Orndorff, Paul E.}, year={2016}, month={Sep}, pages={714–730} }
 @article{recht_comen_fine_fleming_hardenbergh_ho_hudis_hwang_kirshner_morrow_et al._2016, title={Postmastectomy radiotherapy: An American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology focused guideline update}, volume={6}, number={6}, journal={Practical Radiation Oncology}, author={Recht, A. and Comen, E. A. and Fine, R. E. and Fleming, G. F. and Hardenbergh, P. H. and Ho, A. Y. and Hudis, C. A. and Hwang, E. S. and Kirshner, J. J. and Morrow, M. and et al.}, year={2016}, pages={E219–234} }
 @misc{wolff_hammond_hicks_allison_bartlett_bilous_fitzgibbons_hanna_jenkins_mangu_et al._2015, title={National guidelines and level of evidence: Comments on some of the new recommendations in the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 guidelines for breast cancer reply}, volume={33}, number={11}, journal={Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author={Wolff, A. C. and Hammond, M. E. H. and Hicks, D. G. and Allison, K. H. and Bartlett, J. M. S. and Bilous, M. and Fitzgibbons, P. and Hanna, W. and Jenkins, R. B. and Mangu, P. B. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={1302–1304} }
 @article{wolff_hammond_hicks_dowsett_mcshane_allison_allred_bartlett_bilous_fitzgibbons_et al._2014, title={Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update}, volume={138}, number={2}, journal={Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine}, author={Wolff, A. C. and Hammond, M. E. H. and Hicks, D. G. and Dowsett, M. and McShane, L. M. and Allison, K. H. and Allred, D. C. and Bartlett, J. M. S. and Bilous, M. and Fitzgibbons, P. and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={241–256} }
 @article{suyemoto_hamrick_spears_horton_washington_havell_borst_orndorff_2013, title={Extrauterine Listeriosis in the gravid mouse influences embryonic growth and development}, volume={8}, number={8}, journal={PLoS One}, author={Suyemoto, M. M. and Hamrick, T. S. and Spears, P. A. and Horton, J. R. and Washington, I. M. and Havell, E. A. and Borst, L. B. and Orndorff, P. E.}, year={2013} }
 @article{wolff_hammond_hicks_dowsett_mcshane_allison_allred_bartlett_bilous_fitzgibbons_et al._2013, title={Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update}, volume={31}, number={31}, journal={Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author={Wolff, A. C. and Hammond, M. E. H. and Hicks, D. G. and Dowsett, M. and McShane, L. M. and Allison, K. H. and Allred, D. C. and Bartlett, J. M. S. and Bilous, M. and Fitzgibbons, P. and et al.}, year={2013}, pages={3997-} }
 @article{spears_suyemoto_hamrick_wolf_havell_orndorff_2011, title={In Vitro Properties of a Listeria monocytogenes Bacteriophage-Resistant Mutant Predict Its Efficacy as a Live Oral Vaccine Strain}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1098-5522"]}, DOI={10.1128/iai.05700-11}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={12}, journal={INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}, author={Spears, Patricia A. and Suyemoto, M. Mitsu and Hamrick, Terri S. and Wolf, Rebecca L. and Havell, Edward A. and Orndorff, Paul E.}, year={2011}, month={Dec}, pages={5001–5009} }
 @article{lee_wyse_lesher_everett_lou_holzknecht_whitesides_spears_bowles_lin_et al._2010, title={Adaptation in a Mouse Colony Monoassociated with Escherichia coli K-12 for More than 1,000 Days}, volume={76}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.00358-10}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={14}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sean M. and Wyse, Aaron and Lesher, Aaron and Everett, Mary Lou and Lou, Linda and Holzknecht, Zoie E. and Whitesides, John F. and Spears, Patricia A. and Bowles, Dawn E. and Lin, Shu S. and et al.}, year={2010}, month={Jul}, pages={4655–4663} }
 @article{suyemoto_spears_hamrick_barnes_havell_orndorff_2010, title={Factors Associated with the Acquisition and Severity of Gestational Listeriosis}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0013000}, abstractNote={Gravid mammals are more prone to listeriosis than their nongravid counterparts. However, many features of the disease in gravid animals are not well defined. We determined, in mice, that increased susceptibility to lethal infection following oral inoculation begins surprisingly early in pregnancy and extends through embryonic development. Pregnancy did not demonstrably increase the spread of listeriae from the intestine to the liver and spleen in the initial 96 h period post inoculation. Consequently, it appeared that gravid animals were competent to contain an enteric infection, but in those instances where escape did occur, a lethal outcome was more likely. Interestingly, colonic colonization level and prevalence, measured 96 h post inoculation, was significantly higher in gravid individuals. In terms of human risk factors for listeriosis, our results suggest that the window of listeriosis susceptibility afforded by pregnancy may be open longer than previously appreciated. Our results also suggest that while gravid animals are competent to contain an enteric infection, enteric carriage rate may be more of a factor in defining disease incidence than previously considered.}, number={9}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Suyemoto, M. Mitsu and Spears, Patricia A. and Hamrick, Terri S. and Barnes, Jill A. and Havell, Edward A. and Orndorff, Paul E.}, year={2010}, month={Sep} }
 @article{temple_miyamoto_mehta_capitini_von stetina_barnes_christensen_horton_spears_orndorff_2010, title={Identification and Characterization of Two Bordetella avium Gene Products Required for Hemagglutination}, volume={78}, ISSN={["1098-5522"]}, DOI={10.1128/iai.00140-10}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={6}, journal={INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}, author={Temple, Louise M. and Miyamoto, David M. and Mehta, Manju and Capitini, Christian M. and Von Stetina, Stephen and Barnes, H. John and Christensen, Vern L. and Horton, John R. and Spears, Patricia A. and Orndorff, Paul E.}, year={2010}, month={Jun}, pages={2370–2376} }
 @article{spears_suyemoto_palermo_horton_hamrick_havell_orndorff_2008, title={A Listeria monocytogenes mutant defective in bacteriophage attachment is attenuated in orally inoculated mice and impaired in enterocyte intracellular growth}, volume={76}, ISSN={["0019-9567"]}, DOI={10.1128/IAI.00283-08}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={9}, journal={INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}, author={Spears, Patricia A. and Suyemoto, M. Mitsu and Palermo, Angela M. and Horton, John R. and Hamrick, Terri S. and Havell, Edward A. and Orndorff, Paul E.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={4046–4054} }
 @article{hamrick_horton_spears_havell_smoak_orndorff_2003, title={Influence of pregnancy on the pathogenesis of listeriosis in mice inoculated intragastrically}, volume={71}, ISSN={["1098-5522"]}, DOI={10.1128/IAI.71.9.5202-5209.2003}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={9}, journal={INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}, author={Hamrick, TS and Horton, JR and Spears, PA and Havell, EA and Smoak, IW and Orndorff, PE}, year={2003}, month={Sep}, pages={5202–5209} }
 @article{valenski_harris_spears_horton_orndorff_2003, title={The product of the fimI gene is necessary for Escherichia coli type 1 pilus biosynthesis}, volume={185}, ISSN={["0021-9193"]}, DOI={10.1128/JB.185.16.5007-5011.2003}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={16}, journal={JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Valenski, ML and Harris, SL and Spears, PA and Horton, JR and Orndorff, PE}, year={2003}, month={Aug}, pages={5007–5011} }
 @article{spears_temple_miyamoto_maskell_orndorff_2003, title={Unexpected similarities between Bordetella avium and other pathogenic bordetellae}, volume={71}, ISSN={["0019-9567"]}, DOI={10.1128/IAI.71.5.2591-2597.2003}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={5}, journal={INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}, author={Spears, PA and Temple, LM and Miyamoto, DM and Maskell, DJ and Orndorff, PE}, year={2003}, month={May}, pages={2591–2597} }
 @article{spears_2002, title={Breast cancer prevention through the eyes of a survivor}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1098-2280"]}, DOI={10.1002/em.10056}, abstractNote={I am a breast cancer survivor and a scientist. As a scientist I am interested in research in the areas of early detection, treatment, and prevention of breast cancer. Early detection is accomplished not only by developing new technologies, such as digital mammography [Pisano et al., 2001] and ductal lavage [Dooley et al., 2001], but also through community outreach programs that encourage mammography and breast self-examination among the medically underserved. New treatment options have been very exciting with the addition of Taxol (chemotherapy) [Slichenmyer et al., 1991], Taxotere (chemotherapy) [Bissery et al., 1991], Arimidex (hormonal therapy) [Plourde et al., 1994]), and Herceptin (antibody therapy) [McNeil, 1998]. In clinical trials there are many new targeted therapies being tested such as anti-angiogenesis antibodies [Harris et al., 1996] and vaccines [Murray et al., 2000], which will be available in the future. However, in the area of prevention, the results of many studies are somewhat confusing and hard to understand. As a breast cancer survivor I have asked the question, “How did I ‘get’ breast cancer?” many times. I think everyone diagnosed with breast cancer wonders what happened to cause the disease—it’s only human. The problem is that no one really knows why some people get breast cancer and others do not. When we begin to identify risk factors for developing breast cancer, then we can begin to talk about prevention. But, what is a risk factor and how do these factors cause cancer? First, we must define cancer. A recent Time article simplified the process as “A mistake happens in the cell. . .the mistakes add up. . .the cells turn cancerous” [Lemonick et al., 2001]. What causes these mistakes to happen and, most important, can we prevent these mistakes from occurring?}, number={2-3}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS}, author={Spears, PA}, year={2002}, pages={108–111} }
 @article{harris_spears_havell_hamrick_horton_orndorff_2001, title={Characterization of Escherichia coli type 1 pilus mutants with altered binding specificities}, volume={183}, ISSN={["0021-9193"]}, DOI={10.1128/JB.183.13.4099-4102.2001}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={13}, journal={JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Harris, SL and Spears, PA and Havell, EA and Hamrick, TS and Horton, JR and Orndorff, PE}, year={2001}, month={Jul}, pages={4099–4102} }
 @article{spears_temple_orndorff_2000, title={A role for lipopolysaccharide in turkey tracheal colonization by Bordetella avium as demonstrated in vivo and in vitro}, volume={36}, ISSN={["0950-382X"]}, DOI={10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01963.x}, abstractNote={We isolated two insertion mutants of Bordetella avium that exhibited a peculiar clumped‐growth phenotype and found them to be attenuated in turkey tracheal colonization. The mutants contained transposon insertions in homologues of the wlbA and wlbL genes of Bordetella pertussis. The wlb genetic locus of B. pertussis has been previously described as containing 12 genes involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. Polyacrylamide gel analysis of LPS from B. avium wlbA and wlbL insertion mutants confirmed an alteration in the LPS profile. Subsequent cloning and complementation of the wlbA and wlbL mutants in trans with a recombinant plasmid containing the homologous wlb locus from B. avium eliminated the clumped‐growth phenotype and restored the LPS profile to that of wild‐type B. avium. Also, a parental level of tracheal colonization was restored to both mutants by the recombinant plasmid. Interestingly, complementation of the wlbA and wlbL mutants with a recombinant plasmid containing the heterologous wlb locus from B. pertussis, B. bronchiseptica, or Bordetella parapertussis eliminated the clumped‐growth phenotype and resulted in a change in the LPS profile, although not to that of wild‐type B. avium. The mutants also acquired resistance to a newly identified B. avium‐specific bacteriophage, Ba1. Complementation of both wlbA and wlbL mutants with the homologous wlb locus of B. avium, but not the heterologous B. pertussis locus, restored sensitivity to Ba1. Complementation of the wlbL mutant, but not the wlbA mutant, with the heterologous wlb locus of Bordetella bronchiseptica or B. parapertussis restored partial sensitivity to Ba1. Comparisons of the LPS profile and phage sensitivity of the mutants upon complementation by wlb loci from the heterologous species and by B. avium suggested that phage sensitivity required the presence of O‐antigen. At the mechanistic level, both mutants showed a dramatic decrease in serum resistance and a decrease in binding to turkey tracheal rings in vitro. In the case of serum resistance, complementation of both mutants with the homologous wlb locus of B. avium restored serum resistance to wild‐type levels. However, in the case of epithelial cell binding, only complementation of the wlbA mutant completely restored binding to wild‐type levels (binding was only partially restored in the wlbL mutant). This is the first characterization of LPS mutants of B. avium at the genetic level and the first report of virulence changes by both in vivo and in vitro measurements}, number={6}, journal={MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Spears, PA and Temple, LM and Orndorff, PE}, year={2000}, month={Jun}, pages={1425–1435} }
 @article{hamrick_harris_spears_havell_horton_russell_orndorff_2000, title={Genetic characterization of Escherichia coli type 1 pilus adhesin mutants and identification of a novel binding phenotype}, volume={182}, ISSN={["0021-9193"]}, DOI={10.1128/JB.182.14.4012-4021.2000}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={14}, journal={JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Hamrick, TS and Harris, SL and Spears, PA and Havell, EA and Horton, JR and Russell, PW and Orndorff, PE}, year={2000}, month={Jul}, pages={4012–4021} }