@article{zhang_lin_winesett_dhez_kilcoyne_ade_rubinstein_shafi_ulman_gersappe_et al._2011, title={The use of functionalized nanoparticles as non-specific compatibilizers for polymer blends}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1099-1581"]}, DOI={10.1002/pat.1875}, abstractNote={AbstractThe ability to form blends of polymers offers the opportunity of creating a new class of materials with enhanced properties. In addition to the polymer components, recent advances in nanoengineering have resulted in the development of nanosized inorganic particles that can be used to improve the properties of the blend, such as the flammability and the mechanical properties. While traditional methods using copolymer compatibilizers have been used to strengthen polymer blends, here, we show that the inorganic nanosized filler additive can also serve as a compatibilizer as it can localize to the interface between the polymers. We use experimental and theoretical studies to show the fundamental mechanisms by which inorganic fillers with large aspect ratio and at least one‐dimension in the nanometer range, can act as non‐specific compatibilizers for polymer blends. We examine a series of nanosized fillers, ranging from nanotubes to nanoclays (with varying aspect ratios) in a model polystyrene (PS)/poly(methylmethacyralate) (PMMA) blend. Using a number of experimental techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning tunneling X‐ray microscopy (STXM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) we postulate that the mechanism of compatibilization occurs as a result of the fillers forming in situ grafts with the immiscible polymers. We also use theoretical studies to show that the aspect ratio and the bending energy of the fillers play a key role in the compatibilization process. Our results indicate that the compatibilization is a general phenomenon, which should occur with all large aspect ratio nanofiller additives to polymer blends. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.}, number={1}, journal={POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES}, author={Zhang, W. and Lin, M. and Winesett, A. and Dhez, O. and Kilcoyne, A. Ld. and Ade, H. and Rubinstein, M. and Shafi, K. V. P. M. and Ulman, A. and Gersappe, D. and et al.}, year={2011}, month={Jan}, pages={65–71} }
 @article{cody_alexander_yabuta_kilcoyne_araki_ade_dera_fogel_militzer_mysen_2008, title={Organic thermometry for chondritic parent bodies}, volume={272}, ISSN={["0012-821X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.epsl.2008.05.008}, abstractNote={Abstract A unique spectroscopic feature has been identified in a study of twenty-five different samples of meteoritic insoluble organic matter (IOM) spanning multiple chemical classes, groups, and petrologic types, using carbon X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The intensity of this feature, a 1s − σ⁎ exciton, appears to provide a precise measure of parent body metamorphism. The intensity of this exciton is also shown to correlate well with a large negative paramagnetic shift observed through solid state 13C NMR. Experiments reveal that upon heating primitive IOM is transformed into material that is indistinguishable from that in thermally processed chondrites, including the development of the 1s − σ⁎ exciton. A thermo-kinetic expression is derived from the experimental data that allows the intensity of the 1s − σ⁎ exciton to be used to estimated the effective temperature integrated over time. A good correlation is observed between the intensity of the 1s − σ⁎ exciton and previously published microRaman spectral data. These data provide a self-consistent organic derived temperature scale for the purpose of calibrating Raman based thermometric expressions.}, number={1-2}, journal={EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS}, author={Cody, G. D. and Alexander, C. M. O'D. and Yabuta, H. and Kilcoyne, A. L. D. and Araki, T. and Ade, H. and Dera, R. and Fogel, M. and Militzer, B. and Mysen, B. O.}, year={2008}, month={Jul}, pages={446–455} }
 @article{cody_ade_alexander_araki_butterworth_fleckenstein_flynn_gilles_jacobsen_kilcoyne_et al._2008, title={Quantitative organic and light-element analysis of comet 81P/Wild 2 particles using C-, N-, and O-mu-XANES}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1945-5100"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb00627.x}, abstractNote={Abstract— Synchrotron‐based soft X‐ray micro‐analysis was performed on particles extracted from the Stardust aerogel collector in order to obtain detailed organic functional group information on any organic solids captured as part of the Principal Examination suite of analyses for samples from comet 81P/Wild 2. It is observed that cometary organic carbon captured in aerogel is present in a number of different manifestations and often intimately associated with silicates. Carbon X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra reveal considerable chemical complexity in all of the organic particles studied so far. Universally, the comet 81P/Wild 2 organic particles contain low concentrations of aromatic and/or olefinic carbon relative to aliphatic and heteroatom‐containing functional groups, e.g., amide, carboxyl, and alcohol/ethers. N‐XANES confirms the presence and assignments of these functional groups. In general, the XANES data record considerable chemical complexity across the range of organic samples currently analyzed. The atomic ratios, N/C and O/C, derived from XANES data reveal a wide range in heteroatom content; in all cases these elemental ratios are higher than that of primitive meteoritic organic matter. The wide range in chemistry, both in elemental abundances and specific organic functional groups, suggests that the comet 81P/Wild 2 organic solids may have multiple origins.}, number={1-2}, journal={METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE}, author={Cody, George D. and Ade, Harald and Alexander, Conel M. O'D. and Araki, Tohru and Butterworth, Anna and Fleckenstein, Holger and Flynn, George and Gilles, Mary K. and Jacobsen, Chris and Kilcoyne, A. L. D. and et al.}, year={2008}, pages={353–365} }
 @article{zou_araki_appel_kilcoyne_ade_2006, title={Solid state effects in the NEXAFS spectra of alkane-based van der Waals crystals: Breakdown of molecular model}, volume={430}, ISSN={["1873-4448"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.cplett.2006.08.110}, abstractNote={Experimental data conclusively shows that the weak van der Waals interactions between alkane molecules, <1.5% the strength of covalent bonding on a per carbon atom basis, modify the carbon 1s near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectrum significantly in ordered solids, both in intensity, spectral shape, peak position, and dichroic signature. This constitutes a further breakdown of the ‘building block’ model, or, more precisely, even a molecular model in interpreting NEXAFS spectra. These observations have significant implications for the interpretation and use of NEXAFS spectra from any crystalline or semi-crystalline macromolecules, small molecules, or other weakly interacting systems.}, number={4-6}, journal={CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS}, author={Zou, Y. and Araki, T. and Appel, G. and Kilcoyne, A. L. D. and Ade, H.}, year={2006}, month={Oct}, pages={287–292} }
 @article{wang_rafailovich_sokolov_gersappe_araki_zou_kilcoyne_ade_marom_lustiger_2006, title={Substrate effect on the melting temperature of thin polyethylene films}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1079-7114"]}, DOI={10.1103/physrevlett.96.028303}, abstractNote={Strong dependence of the crystal orientation, morphology, and melting temperature (Tm) on the substrate is observed in the semicrystalline polyethylene thin films. The Tm decreases with the film thickness decrease when the film is thinner than a certain critical thickness, and the magnitude of the depression increases with increasing surface interaction. We attribute the large Tm depression to the decrease in the overall free energy on melting, which is caused by the substrate attraction force to the chains that competes against the interchain force which drives the chains to crystallization.}, number={2}, journal={PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS}, author={Wang, Y and Rafailovich, M and Sokolov, J and Gersappe, D and Araki, T and Zou, Y and Kilcoyne, ADL and Ade, H and Marom, G and Lustiger, A}, year={2006}, month={Jan} }
 @article{mcneill_watts_thomsen_belcher_kilcoyne_greenham_dastoor_2006, title={X-ray spectromicroscopy of polymer/fullerene composites: Quantitative chemical mapping}, volume={2}, number={12}, journal={Small (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse, Germany)}, author={McNeill, C. R. and Watts, B. and Thomsen, L. and Belcher, W. J. and Kilcoyne, A. L. D. and Greenham, N. C. and Dastoor, P. C.}, year={2006}, pages={1432–1435} }
 @article{kilcoyne_tyliszczak_steele_fakra_hitchcock_franck_anderson_harteneck_rightor_mitchell_et al._2003, title={Interferometer-controlled scanning transmission X-ray microscopes at the Advanced Light Source}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1600-5775"]}, DOI={10.1107/S0909049502017739}, abstractNote={Two new soft X-ray scanning transmission microscopes located at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) have been designed, built and commissioned. Interferometer control implemented in both microscopes allows the precise measurement of the transverse position of the zone plate relative to the sample. Long-term positional stability and compensation for transverse displacement during translations of the zone plate have been achieved. The interferometer also provides low-distortion orthogonal x, y imaging. Two different control systems have been developed: a digital control system using standard VXI components at beamline 7.0, and a custom feedback system based on PC AT boards at beamline 5.3.2. Both microscopes are diffraction limited with the resolution set by the quality of the zone plates. Periodic features with 30 nm half period can be resolved with a zone plate that has a 40 nm outermost zone width. One microscope is operating at an undulator beamline (7.0), while the other is operating at a novel dedicated bending-magnet beamline (5.3.2), which is designed specifically to illuminate the microscope. The undulator beamline provides count rates of the order of tens of MHz at high-energy resolution with photon energies of up to about 1000 eV. Although the brightness of a bending-magnet source is about four orders of magnitude smaller than that of an undulator source, photon statistics limited operation with intensities in excess of 3 MHz has been achieved at high energy resolution and high spatial resolution. The design and performance of these microscopes are described.}, number={2003 Mar}, journal={JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION}, author={Kilcoyne, ALD and Tyliszczak, T and Steele, WF and Fakra, S and Hitchcock, P and Franck, K and Anderson, E and Harteneck, B and Rightor, EG and Mitchell, GE and et al.}, year={2003}, month={Mar}, pages={125–136} }
 @article{ade_kilcoyne_tyliszczak_hitchcock_anderson_harteneck_rightor_mitchell_hitchcock_warwick_2003, title={Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy at a bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Light Source}, volume={104}, ISSN={["1155-4339"]}, DOI={10.1051/jp4:200300017}, abstractNote={During the last two decades, scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) has evolved into a powerful characterization tool. For best performance, STXM's are located at undulator sources at synchrotron facilities. The scarcity and expense of undulator sources and associated heamlines limits the number of available STXMs. We have successfully re-examined the use of bending magnets as a source for a STXM and implemented a interferometer controlled STXM with excellent performance at the beamline 5.3,2, at the Advanced Light Source Near the carbon K-edge, periodic features with 30 nm half-period could be resolved with a zone plate that has a 40 nm outermost zone width with an energy resolution corresponding to 100 meV and an intensity of about 1 MHz The design and perforormance of the microscope are described.}, number={2003 Mar}, journal={JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV}, author={Ade, H and Kilcoyne, ALD and Tyliszczak, T and Hitchcock, P and Anderson, E and Harteneck, B and Rightor, EG and Mitchell, GE and Hitchcock, AP and Warwick, T}, year={2003}, month={Mar}, pages={3–8} }
 @article{eustatiu_francis_tyliszczak_turci_kilcoyne_hitchcock_2000, title={Generalized oscillator strengths for inner-shell excitation of SF6 recorded with a high-performance electron energy loss spectrometer}, volume={257}, ISSN={["1873-4421"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0301-0104(00)00145-2}, abstractNote={The generalized oscillator strength profiles for S 2p, S 2s and F 1s excited and ionized states of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are reported up to very high momentum transfer. These have been measured with a variable impact energy, variable scattering angle electron energy loss spectrometer, which is dedicated to studies of electric dipole (optically allowed) and non-dipole (optically forbidden electric quadrupole and spin-exchange) inner shell electronic transitions of gases, and systematic measurements of their angular and impact energy distributions in order to derive generalized oscillator strength profiles. In addition to presenting the SF6 results, we describe the design, construction and performance of the instrument, as well as data acquisition and analysis procedures.}, number={2-3}, journal={CHEMICAL PHYSICS}, author={Eustatiu, IG and Francis, JT and Tyliszczak, T and Turci, CC and Kilcoyne, ALD and Hitchcock, AP}, year={2000}, month={Jul}, pages={235–252} }