@article{cai_qiu_zhang_hwang_mccord_2003, title={Effect of atmospheric plasma treatment on desizing of PVA on cotton}, volume={73}, DOI={10.1177/004051750307300803}, abstractNote={ Both air/He and air/O 2/He atmospheric plasma treatments are applied to desize PVA on cotton, then PDR (percent desizing ratio) and tensile strengths of cotton fabrics and single yams are measured. XPS and SEM are used to analyze the effects of atmospheric pressure plasma treatments on PVA. These treatments can both remove some PVA sizing and significantly improve PDR by washing, especially by cold water washing. The tensile strengths of cotton fabrics treated with atmospheric pressure plasma are the same as for the unsized fabric. XPS analysis of the plasma treated PVA films reveals surface chemical changes such as chain scission and formation of polar groups, which promote the solubility of PVA in cold water. Air/O2/He plasma is more effective than air/He plasma on PVA desizing. }, number={8}, journal={Textile Research Journal}, author={Cai, Z. S. and Qiu, Y. P. and Zhang, C. Y. and Hwang, Y. J. and McCord, Marian}, year={2003}, pages={670–674} }
 @article{hwang_qiu_zhang_jarrard_stedeford_tsai_park_mccord_2003, title={Effects of atmospheric pressure helium/air plasma treatment on adhesion and mechanical properties of aramid fibers}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0169-4243"]}, DOI={10.1163/156856103321645194}, abstractNote={In order to investigate the effect of atmospheric pressure plasmas on adhesion between aramid fibers and epoxy, aramid fibers were treated with atmospheric pressure helium/air for 15, 30 and 60 s on a capacitively-coupled device at a frequency of 5.0 kHz and He outlet pressure of 3.43 kPa. SEM analysis at 10 000× magnification showed no significant surface morphological change resulted from the plasma treatments. XPS analysis showed a decrease in carbon content and an increase in oxygen content. Deconvolution analysis of C1s, N1s and O1s peaks showed an increase in surface hydroxyl groups that can interact with epoxy resin. The microbond test showed that the plasma treatment for 60 s increased interfacial shear strength by 109% over that of the control (untreated). The atmospheric pressure plasma increased single fiber tensile strength by 16-26%.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Hwang, YJ and Qiu, Y and Zhang, C and Jarrard, B and Stedeford, R and Tsai, J and Park, YC and McCord, M}, year={2003}, pages={847–860} }
 @article{zhang_qiu_2003, title={Modified shear lag model for fibers and fillers with irregular cross-sectional shapes}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0169-4243"]}, DOI={10.1163/156856103762864697}, abstractNote={For fibers with irregular cross sections such as ultrahigh modulus polyethylene (UHMPE) fibers and ribbon-like carbon fibers, the original shear lag model would not provide accurate calculations for interfacial shear stress because it assumes a circular fiber cross section. In this study, a modified shear lag model is proposed to calculate the interfacial shear stress that reflects the change of fiber cross-sectional shape. Microbond test on a UHMPE fiber/epoxy system was used for verification of the model. The difference between the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) calculated using the modified model and that using the original model assuming an equivalent fiber diameter was found to be as high as 15% and it linearly increased as the irregularity of the cross-sectional shape increased. When the irregularity constant exceeds 1.12, the error in IFSS involved in using the original shear lag model and an equivalent fiber diameter is greater than 10%.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Zhang, CY and Qiu, YP}, year={2003}, pages={397–408} }
 @article{jensen_zhang_qiu_2003, title={The aging of atmospheric plasma-treated ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1568-5543"]}, DOI={10.1163/156855403765826919}, abstractNote={The aging effects of atmospheric plasma treatments on UHMPE fibers are studied. UHMPE fibers are treated for 0.5 and 1 min with He/O2/air gas and for 2 and 4 min with He/air gas by atmospheric pressure plasma on a capacitively coupled device at a frequency of 5 kHz. The samples are tested for fiber/epoxy interfacial shear strength at time intervals of 0, 3, 15 and 30 days after initial plasma treatment. Scanning electron microscopy shows micro-cracks on each set of treated fibers, which is not affected by aging over the 30 day study. Interfacial shear strengths (IFSS) for plasma-treated fibers are 2–3 times as high as that of the control. The IFSS for the plasma treated fibers remains constant up to 15 days and then decreases afterwards. XPS Analysis shows a slight increase in atomic concentration of oxygen and nitrogen for each plasma-treated sample. For the He/O2/air plasma-treated samples, XPS analysis shows an observable increase in C–OH bonds, C=O bonds and COOH bonds, while for the He/air plasma-treated samples, there is a slight increase in C–OH and O=C–O bonds. After 30 days, a decrease in oxygen content for all plasma-treated samples is manifested.}, number={2-3}, journal={COMPOSITE INTERFACES}, author={Jensen, C and Zhang, C and Qiu, Y}, year={2003}, pages={277–285} }
 @article{qiu_hwang_zhang_bures_mccord_2002, title={Atmospheric pressure helium plus oxygen plasma treatment of ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fibers}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1568-5616"]}, DOI={10.1163/156856102760067217}, abstractNote={Ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fibers were treated with atmospheric pressure helium + oxygen plasma in a capacitively coupled device at a frequency of 7.5 kHz. The fibers were treated for 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 min. The surfaces of the fibers treated with He + O2 plasma were etched and micro-cracks were formed. XPS analysis showed a 65ndash213% increase in oxygen content on the surfaces of all plasma-treated fibers, except for the 1.5 min group. An increase in the concentration of C—O and the appearance of C=O bonds on the surfaces of plasma-treated fibers were observed. In the micro-bond test, He + O2 plasma-treated groups had a 65–104% increase in interfacial shear strength over that of the control. The tensile strength of the fibers was either unchanged or decreased by 10–13% by the plasma treatments.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Qiu, Y and Hwang, YJ and Zhang, C and Bures, BL and McCord, M}, year={2002}, pages={449–457} }
 @article{cai_hwang_park_zhang_mccord_qiu_2002, title={Preliminary investigation of atmospheric pressure plasma-aided desizing for cotton fabrics}, volume={2}, number={12}, journal={AATCC Review}, author={Cai, Z. S. and Hwang, Y. J. and Park, Y. C. and Zhang, C. Y. and McCord, M. and Qiu, Y. P.}, year={2002}, pages={18–21} }
 @article{qiu_zhang_hwang_bures_mccord_2002, title={The effect of atmospheric pressure helium plasma treatment on the surface and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers}, volume={16}, ISSN={["0169-4243"]}, DOI={10.1163/15685610252771185}, abstractNote={Ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers were treated with atmospheric pressure He plasma on a capacitively coupled device at a frequency of 7.5 kHz and a He partial vapor pressure of 3.43 × 103 Pa. The fibers were treated for 0, 1, and 2 min. Microscopic analysis showed that the surfaces of the fibers treated with He plasma were etched and that the 2-min He plasma-treated group had rougher surfaces than the 1-min He plasma-treated group. XPS analysis showed a 200% increase in the oxygen content and a 200% increase in the concentration of C—O bonds (from 11.4% to 31%) and the appearance of C=O bonds (from 0% to 7.6%) on the surface of plasma-treated fibers for the 2-min He plasma-treated group. In the microbond test, the 2-min He plasma-treated group had a 100% increase of interfacial shear strength over that of the control group, while the 1-min He plasma-treated group did not show a significant difference from the control group. The 2-min He plasma-treated group also showed a 14% higher single-fiber tensile strength than the control group.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Qiu, Y and Zhang, C and Hwang, YJ and Bures, BL and McCord, M}, year={2002}, pages={99–107} }