@article{fam_rizkalla_2007, title={Laboratory simulation of impact loading on laminated glass for ice hockey arenas}, volume={31}, ISSN={["0732-8818"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1747-1567.2007.00181.x}, abstractNote={Laminated tempered glass sheets were tested under impact loading to simulate conditions in ice hockey arenas, where pucks hit the glass shields at high velocities. Thirty-six tests have been conducted on 1220x460mm sheets of glass, 9.5, 12.7 and 15.9 mm thick, using falling weights attached to an actual puck. Twenty-four of the specimens were laminated on one side using 0.36 mm thick polyester transparent laminates. The weights and drop heights were increased gradually until failure occurred. The kinetic energy, equivalent puck field velocities, equivalent static failure loads and stresses have been estimated. The estimated field velocities of the pucks at failure were all higher than the maximum recorded in the game. The study showed that lamination has significantly changed failure mode of glass from a catastrophic failure, where fragments shatter, potentially causing serious injuries, to one which is still brittle yet substantially safer as fractured glass remains fully intact. No rupture or delamination of the laminates was observed.}, number={5}, journal={EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES}, author={Fam, A. and Rizkalla, S.}, year={2007}, pages={46–52} }
 @article{fam_manda_rizkalla_2005, title={Rectangular filament-wound glass fiber reinforced polymer tubes filled with concrete under flexural and axial loading: Analytical modeling}, volume={9}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:1(34)}, abstractNote={This paper presents an analytical model to predict the behavior of concrete-filled rectangular fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes (CFRFTs), subjected to bending and axial loads. The model accounts for different laminate structures of the flange and web of the tube. Gradual reduction of stiffness, resulting from progressive failure of FRP layers oriented at various angles is considered through the ultimate laminate failure approach. The model adopts cracked section analysis, using layer-by-layer approach and accounts for totally and partially filled tubes. The model predicts the moment–curvature responses of beams, load–strain responses of columns, and complete interaction curves of beam–columns. The model is verified using experimental results and is used to study the effects of laminate structure, hybrid laminates, thickness of the tube and optimization of partially filled tubes. Comparisons of CFRFT with conventional reinforced concrete (RC) sections showed that CFRFT could provide axial load–bending ...}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Composites for Construction}, author={Fam, A. and Manda, S. and Rizkalla, S.}, year={2005}, pages={34–43} }
 @article{fam_schnerch_rizkalla_2005, title={Rectangular filament-wound glass fiber reinforced polymer tubes filled with concrete under flexural and axial loading: Experimental investigation}, volume={9}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:1(25)}, abstractNote={This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on three beams and five short columns, consisting of glass fiber reinforced polymer concrete-filled rectangular filament-wound tubes (CFRFTs). The tubes included fibers oriented at 45 deg and 90 deg with respect to the longitudinal axis. Additional longitudinal fibers [0 deg] were provided in flanges for flexural rigidity. Beams included totally filled tubes and a tube partially filled with concrete, which had a central hole for reducing deadweight. The effect of reinforcement ratio was examined by using tubes of two different sizes. Flexural behavior of CFRFT was compared to concrete-filled rectangular steel tubes (CFRSTs) of similar reinforcement ratios. Short columns were tested under eccentricity ratios (e/h) of 0, 0.09, 0.18, and 0.24, where h is the section depth. Transverse strains were measured around the perimeter of concentrically loaded column to evaluate confinement effect. The study showed that CFRFT is a feasible system that could offer similar flexural strength to CFRST. The tube laminate structure and its progressive failure contribute to the slightly nonlinear behavior of beams. The CFRFT beam with inner hole had an overall strength-to-weight ratio, 77% higher than the totally filled beam, but failed in compression. Bulging of CFRFT columns has limited their confinement effectiveness.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Composites for Construction}, author={Fam, A. and Schnerch, D. and Rizkalla, S.}, year={2005}, pages={25–33} }
 @article{fam_rizkalla_2003, title={Large scale testing and analysis of hybrid concrete /composite tubes for circular beam-column applications}, volume={17}, number={07-Jun}, journal={Construction & Building Materials}, author={Fam, A. and Rizkalla, S.}, year={2003}, pages={507–516} }
 @article{fam_pando_filz_rizkalla_2003, title={Precast piles for Route 40 bridge in Virginia using concrete filled FRP tubes}, volume={48}, ISSN={["0887-9672"]}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.05012003.32.45}, abstractNote={This paper summarizes the construction details and findings of laboratory and field tests of a new generation of precast composite piles used for the first time in the construction of the substructure of the Route 40 highway bridge over the Nottoway River in Virginia. The piles consisted of 24.6 in. (625 mm) diameter concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) circular tubes, with a 0.21 in. (5.3 mm) wall thickness. The composite piles extended above the ground level and were directly embedded into the reinforced concrete cap beam supporting the superstructure. Laboratory tests included two full-scale composite piles loaded to failure using four-point bending configuration. Field testing included a full-scale precast composite pile and a conventional 20 in. (508 mm) square concrete pile prestressed with fourteen 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) diameter strands. This paper presents details of the construction and driving of the piles, comparisons between the behavior of the composite and prestressed concrete piles under axial and lateral loading, the observed failure modes, and the details of the connection between the piles and the reinforced concrete cap beam.}, number={3}, journal={PCI JOURNAL}, author={Fam, A and Pando, M and Filz, G and Rizkalla, S}, year={2003}, pages={32–45} }
 @article{fam_rizkalla_2002, title={Flexural Behavior of concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer circular tubes}, volume={6}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(123)}, abstractNote={This paper presents the experimental results of large-scale concrete-filled glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) circular tubes and control hollow GFRP and steel tubes tested in bending. The diameter of the beams ranged from 89 to 942 mm and the spans ranged from 1.07 to 10.4 m. The study investigated the effects of concrete filling, cross-sectional configurations including tubes with a central hole, tube-in-tube with concrete filling in between, and different laminate structures of the GFRP tubes. The study demonstrated the benefits of concrete filling and showed that a higher strength-to-weight ratio can be achieved by providing a central hole. The results indicated that the flexural behavior is highly dependent on the stiffness and diameter-to-thickness ratio of the tube and, to a much less extent, on the concrete strength. Test results suggest that the contribution of concrete confinement to the flexural strength is insignificant; however, the ductility of the member is improved. A strain compatibility model has been developed, verified by the experimental results, and used to provide a parametric study of the different parameters, significantly affecting the behavior. The parametric study covered a wide range of FRP sections filled with concrete, including under-reinforced, balanced, and over-reinforced sections.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Composites for Construction}, author={Fam, A. Z. and Rizkalla, S. H.}, year={2002}, pages={123–132} }
 @article{fam_musiker_kowalsky_rizkalla_2002, title={In-plane testing of damaged masonry wall repaired with FRP}, volume={11}, DOI={10.1177/096369350201100602}, abstractNote={ This paper describes the performance of a masonry wall repaired with glass fibre reinforced polymer, GFRP sheets. The original reinforced clay brick masonry wall was tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. Failure occurred due to yielding of the steel reinforcement and crushing of the bricks. After epoxy injection of the cracks and patching of the missing portions, the wall was repaired using GFRP sheets, applied in the horizontal and vertical directions, on one face of the wall, including the joint between the wall and concrete footing. The repaired wall was tested to failure in the same manner of the original wall. The results show that the strength and displacement capacities of the wall were completely restored and even exceeded the original capacities. }, number={6}, journal={Advanced Composites Letters}, author={Fam, A. and Musiker, D. and Kowalsky, M. and Rizkalla, S.}, year={2002}, pages={277–283} }