@article{sheikh-ahmad_quarless_bailey_2004, title={On the role of microcracks on flow instability in low speed machining of CP titanium}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1532-2483"]}, DOI={10.1081/LMST-200039867}, abstractNote={Abstract Flow instability is observed when machining titanium and its alloys and leads to the localization of plastic deformation into narrow bands. The shear strain at which this localization occurs serves as an important design parameter that measures the workability of a material and its suitability for various applications. In the current investigation, the phenomenon of microcracking during chip formation of grade 2 commercially pure (CP) titanium has been examined as a mechanism that promotes flow instability at low speeds. Based on this study, analytical and descriptive models that have been previously proposed for predicting the onset of flow instability have been revised to account for microcracking. Model predictions were experimentally verified for the orthogonal machining of CP titanium over a wide range of cutting speeds. Additionally, an investigation of plastic deformation across microcracks and localized shear zones was conducted in an effort to better understand strain hardening during chip formation.}, number={3}, journal={MACHINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Sheikh-Ahmad, JY and Quarless, V and Bailey, JA}, year={2004}, month={Nov}, pages={415–430} }
 @article{sheikh-ahmad_morita_2002, title={Tool coatings for wood machining: Problems and prospects}, volume={52}, number={10}, journal={Forest Products Journal}, author={Sheikh-Ahmad, J. Y. and Morita, T.}, year={2002}, pages={43–51} }
 @misc{sheikh-ahmad_bailey_1999, title={High-temperature wear of cemented tungsten carbide tools while machining particleboard and fiberboard}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1611-4663"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF00538952}, abstractNote={Published research on the wear processes of cemented tungsten carbide tools used for machining reconstituted wood products was reviewed, and the current state of knowledge in this area was evaluated. Underlying assumptions and conclusions regarding high-temperature oxidation/corrosion wear during machining were examined in view of known reaction kinetics of cemented tungsten carbide alloys in oxidative and corrosive environments at temperatures that may occur at the cutting edge. This examination indicated that some wear mechanisms other than high-temperature oxidation/corrosion are likely to be rate-controlling when machining reconstituted wood products such as particleboard and fiberboard.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF WOOD SCIENCE}, author={Sheikh-Ahmad, JY and Bailey, JA}, year={1999}, pages={445–455} }
 @article{sheikh-ahmad_bailey_1999, title={The wear characteristics of some cemented tungsten carbides in machining particleboard}, volume={225}, ISSN={["1873-2577"]}, DOI={10.1016/s0043-1648(98)00361-5}, abstractNote={This work is focused on developing an understanding of the wear mechanisms of cemented tungsten carbide tools in machining particleboard. Cutting experiments were conducted on several grades of cemented tungsten carbide tools using a high speed lathe, and their wear characteristics were determined. It was found that wear occurred predominantly on the clearance face of the tools for most grades tested. It was also found that the amount of wear after the same cutting distance correlates well with the bulk hardness of the tool material. The amount of wear generally decreased with an increase in hardness, a decrease in grain size and a decrease in binder content of the cutting tool material. Examination of the worn surfaces inside a scanning electron microscope showed that the cutting edge was worn by preferential removal of the metal binder phase from between the tungsten carbide grains. It is suggested that removal of the binder weakens the bond between the tungsten carbide grains leading to their mechanical removal from the clearance face. It is concluded that the main wear mechanism for cemented tungsten carbide tools in machining particleboard is the removal of the binder phase by plastic flow and micro-abrasion, which is followed by fragmentation and dislodging of the WC grains.}, journal={WEAR}, author={Sheikh-Ahmad, JY and Bailey, JA}, year={1999}, month={Apr}, pages={256–266} }
 @article{sheikhahmad_bailey_1997, title={Flow instability in the orthogonal machining of CP titanium}, volume={119}, ISSN={["1528-8935"]}, DOI={10.1115/1.2831108}, abstractNote={An experimental and analytical investigation of flow instability and shear localization in the orthogonal machining of grade 2 commercially pure titanium was made. A criterion for thermo-plastic instability was developed from torsion test results and applied to the analysis of the chip formation process. It was shown that flow instability followed by flow localization occurs when machining titanium at all cutting speeds and that a transition in the chip type from uniform to segmented does not occur. Orthogonal machining experiments were conducted in the speed range from 8.75 × 10−5 to 3.20 m/s for various depths of cut and the shear strain in the chip was calculated. It was shown that shear localization occurred in the chip formation process when the uniform shear strain involved in producing a chip segment reached a critical value and that this critical shear strain correlates fairly well with the instability shear strain predicted by the thermo-plastic instability criterion.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME}, author={SheikhAhmad, J and Bailey, JA}, year={1997}, month={Aug}, pages={307–313} }