@article{jaeger_wosar_marcellin-little_lascelles_2005, title={Use of hinged transarticular external fixation for adjunctive joint stabilization in dogs and cats: 14 cases (1999-2003)}, volume={227}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, url={https://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.2005.227.586}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2005.227.586}, abstractNote={AbstractObjectives—To describe placement of hinged transarticular external fixation (HTEF) frames and evaluate their ability to protect the primary repair of unstable joints while allowing joint mobility in dogs and cats.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—8 cats and 6 dogs.Procedure—HTEF frames were composed of metal or epoxy connecting rods and a hinge. Measurements of range of motion of affected and contralateral joints and radiographs were made after fixator application and removal.Results—9 animals (4 cats and 5 dogs) had tarsal and 5 (4 cats and 1 dog) had stifle joint injuries. Treatment duration ranged from 45 to 100 days (median, 57 days). Ranges of motion in affected stifle and tarsal joints were 57% and 72% of control while HTEF was in place and 79% and 84% of control after frame removal. Complications were encountered in 3 cats and 2 dogs and included breakage of pins and connecting rods, hinge loosening, and failure at the hinge-epoxy interface.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—HTEF in animals with traumatic joint instability provided adjunctive joint stabilization during healing and protection of the primary repair and maintained joint motion during healing, resulting in early weight bearing of the affected limb. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:586–591)}, number={4}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Jaeger, GH and Wosar, MA and Marcellin-Little, DJ and Lascelles, BDX}, year={2005}, month={Aug}, pages={586–591} }
 @article{jaeger_wosar_harms_lewbart_2003, title={Use of a supraplastron approach to the coelomic cavity for repair of an esophageal tear in a loggerhead sea turtle}, volume={223}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2003.223.353}, abstractNote={A juvenile loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) was referred for removal of a fishhook lodged in the coelomic portion of the esophagus. Attempts at manual and endoscopic extraction were unsuccessful and resulted in a 6-cm tear in the coelomic portion of the esophagus. A supraplastron approach was made to the coelomic cavity, allowing access to and repair of the esophageal tear. The turtle recovered well and was able to be released to the wild. The surgical approach was associated with less trauma and shorter healing and rehabilitation times, compared with traditional plastron osteotomy.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Jaeger, GH and Wosar, MA and Harms, CA and Lewbart, GA}, year={2003}, month={Aug}, pages={353–355} }
 @article{wosar_marcellin-little_roe_2002, title={Influence of bolt tightening torque, wire size, and component reuse on wire fixation in circular external fixation}, volume={31}, ISSN={["0161-3499"]}, DOI={10.1053/jvet.2002.34672}, abstractNote={Objectives—To evaluate the effects of bolt torque, wire size, and component reuse on the ability to maintain wire tension in 3 external skeletal fixation systems.Study—Design Biomechanical study.Methods—Yield strength in tension of 1.0‐, 1.2‐, 1.5‐, and 1.6‐mm‐diameter wires, and yield strength in torque of Hofmann Small Bone Fixation (SBF) cannulated and slotted bolts and IMEX regular and miniature bolts were determined on a testing machine. The minimum bolt tightening torque needed to prevent wire slippage at clinically recommended wire tensions was determined. Components were tested 10 times, and loads at slippage were recorded.Results—The IMEX system required a mean of 8 Nm of bolt tightening torque to maintain 900 N (1.6‐mm wires). The SBF system required a mean of 3 Nm bolt torque to maintain 300 N (1.0‐mm wires) and 5 Nm to maintain 600 N (1.2‐mm wires). The SBF cannulated bolt required 9 Nm of torque to maintain 900 N (1.5‐mm wires). The SBF slotted bolts could only maintain 800 N before yield. The IMEX miniature system required a mean bolt torque of 1.1 Nm to maintain 300 N. The cannulated and slotted bolts from both manufacturers failed to maintain 70% of initial wire tension after 7 and 4 uses, respectively.Conclusions—The IMEX systems and the SBF system using 1.0‐ and 1.2‐mm wires could maintain clinically recommended wire tension safely. Only the IMEX system could maintain clinically recommended wire tension safely using 1.5‐ or 1.6‐mm wires.Clinical Relevance—The SBF system using 1.0‐ and 1.2‐mm wires and the IMEX system using all wire sizes can maintain clinically relevant wire tension. The SBF system using 1.5‐mm wires could not. Cannulated and slotted bolts should not be used more than 6 and 3 times, respectively. Nuts should not be reused.}, number={6}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Wosar, MA and Marcellin-Little, DJ and Roe, SC}, year={2002}, pages={571–576} }